Английская Википедия:Castle in the Sky
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:Good article Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox film
Шаблон:Nihongo, also known as Laputa: Castle in the Sky, is a 1986 Japanese animated fantasy adventure film written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki. It was produced by Isao Takahata, animated by Studio Ghibli, and distributed by the Toei Company. In voice acting roles, the original Japanese version stars Mayumi Tanaka, Keiko Yokozawa, Kotoe Hatsui, and Minori Terada. The film follows orphans Sheeta and Pazu, who are chased by government agent Muska, the army, and a group of pirates over Sheeta's crystal necklace on their way to Laputa, a mythical castle flying in the sky.
Castle in the Sky is the first film to be animated by Studio Ghibli, with a production team comprising many of Miyazaki's longtime collaborators, who would continue to work with the studio for the following three decades. The studio's intent was to create original feature films without any compromise of quality. The film was partly inspired by Miyazaki's trips to Wales, where he witnessed the aftermath of the 1984 coal miners' strike. The island of Laputa is used to highlight the theme of environmentalism, exploring the relationships between humanity, nature, and technology, a reflection of Miyazaki's ecological philosophy. The young protagonists also provide a unique perspective on the narrative, as a result of Miyazaki's desire to portray "the honesty and goodness of children in [his] work."[1] Many aspects of the film's retrofuturistic style – the flying machines in particular – are influenced by nineteenth-century approaches, which has earned the film a reputation in the modern steampunk genre.
The film released in Japanese theaters on August 2, 1986. It performed below expectations at the box office, but later achieved commercial success through rereleases, earning over Шаблон:US$ as of 2021. An English dub commissioned by Tokuma Shoten in 1988 was distributed in North America by Streamline Pictures, and another dub was produced by Disney in 1998, released internationally by Buena Vista in 2003. The film's score was composed by Joe Hisaishi, who would become a close collaborator of Miyazaki's; Hisaishi also composed a reworked soundtrack for the 2003 English dub. The film was generally acclaimed by critics, though the 2003 English dub received mixed reviews. It was well-received by audiences, being voted as one of the greatest animated films of all time in later years. The film also received several notable accolades. Castle in the Sky has since earned "cult status",Шаблон:Sfn and has influenced several notable artists working in multiple media.
Plot summary
An airship carrying Sheeta – an orphan girl abducted by government agent Muska – is attacked by air pirate Dola and her gang, who seek Sheeta's crystal necklace. Attempting to escape, Sheeta falls from the airship but is saved by the magic of the now-glowing crystal, which lowers her gently. She is caught by Pazu, an orphan who works as a mechanic in a mining town, and he takes her to his home to recover. The next morning, Pazu shows Sheeta a picture his father took of Laputa, a mythical castle on a flying island, which Pazu now seeks. However, Dola's gang and Muska's soldiers arrive looking for Sheeta. After a chase through the village, Pazu and Sheeta fall into a mine shaft, but are saved again by the crystal. In the tunnels, they meet Uncle Pom, who shows them deposits of the glowing mineral Aetherium, the same material as Sheeta's crystal.
Sheeta reveals to Pazu that she has a secret name tying her to Laputa, proving the myth is real, but the two are captured by the army and imprisoned in a fortress. Muska shows Sheeta a dead robot that fell from the sky, bearing the same insignia on Sheeta's crystal, and reveals she is the heiress to the Laputan throne. Muska releases Pazu under the condition that Sheeta guides the army to Laputa. Pazu returns home, but is captured by Dola's gang, who prepare to fly to the fortress and take the crystal. Pazu joins them to attempt to save Sheeta. In the fortress, Sheeta recites an ancient phrase her mother taught her and inadvertently activates the magic of the crystal, reanimating the robot. The robot protects Sheeta from the army and destroys the fortress with its weapons, but is destroyed by the military airship Goliath. In the chaos, Pazu and Dola fly in and rescue Sheeta. However, Sheeta's crystal is left behind, its magic still active, allowing Muska to use it to navigate to Laputa.
Sheeta having seen the crystal's directions and thus being able to navigate to Laputa, she and Pazu convince Dola to take them there in exchange for temporarily joining her crew. In the middle of the night, Sheeta and Pazu keep watch from the crow's nest when Dola's airship is attacked by Goliath. Dola detaches the crow's nest, which also functions as a glider attached to the ship with a line. Pazu spots a massive cloud, wherein he believes his father saw Laputa. Dola attempts to steer into the cloud, but is halted by violent winds. Goliath destroys Dola's airship, severing the line connecting it to the glider. Sheeta and Pazu pass through the turbulent lightning storm.
They land safely on Laputa, which they find deserted but for some fauna and one peaceful robot. The castle is in ruins, and a giant tree now grows out of the top of the island. However, the army arrives and begins looting the castle, having taken Dola's gang captive. Muska and his accomplices betray the army, prevent them from communicating with Earth, and capture Sheeta to take into the core of the castle. Pazu frees Dola's gang from their bindings and pursues Muska. The core of the castle is the epicenter of Laputa's ancient knowledge and weapons, which Muska activates using Sheeta's crystal, revealing to her that he is also descended from the Laputan royal line. Muska demonstrates Laputa's power by causing a massive explosion over the ocean, destroying Goliath, and declares his intention to destroy humanity using Laputa, believing them inferior to himself and Sheeta. Horrified, Sheeta takes back the crystal and flees, but is cornered by a pursuing Muska in Laputa's throne room.
Pazu appears and bargains for a brief truce. Sheeta teaches Pazu another ancient phrase, the spell of destruction, which they recite, causing Laputa to begin to collapse. The light of the spell blinds Muska, who falls to his death, while Sheeta and Pazu are protected by the giant tree's roots. While Laputa's bottom falls out, the rest of the castle – along with Dola's glider – is preserved by the giant tree, and the island begins to rise into space. Sheeta, Pazu, and Dola's gang are able to escape, and briefly reunite before flying away.
Voice cast
Development
Beginnings of Studio Ghibli
Following the commercial success of Miyazaki's previous film, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (1984), he was eager to begin work on an old-fashioned adventure film that would be a "pleasure" to watch.Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki's first proposal for an animated feature film was based on a research trip to Yanagawa, tentatively titled "Blue Mountains".Шаблон:Sfn The film was never produced, but it inspired Miyazaki's longtime collaborator Isao Takahata to create The Story of Yanagawa's Canals (1987), a documentary on the environmental effects of industry on the local waterways.Шаблон:Sfn As Miyazaki was financing the project in large part through his personal office,Шаблон:Sfn Animage editor Toshio Suzuki recommended that he direct another film to recover the expense, to which Miyazaki immediately agreed. He quickly developed a concept for the film based on an idea he had in elementary school. In 2014, Suzuki reflected on the events, saying "If Takahata had made his movie on schedule, Laputa wouldn't have been born."Шаблон:Sfn
On June 15, 1985, Miyazaki and Takahata founded Studio Ghibli, with support from Suzuki and his publishing company Tokuma Shoten. Miyazaki chose the name himself,Шаблон:Sfn referencing both the Arabic term for a warm wind from the Sahara, as well as the Caproni Ca.309, an aircraft used by the Italian military during the Second World War.Шаблон:Sfnm Animation writer Dani Cavallaro notes that this choice is indicative of Miyazaki's love of both airplanes and Italy.Шаблон:Sfn The intent behind the creation of the studio was to "blow a whirlwind" into a stagnating Japanese animation industry by creating original, high-quality feature films.Шаблон:Sfn In a speech at the 1995 Annecy International Animation Film Festival, Suzuki said "The idea was to dedicate full energy into each piece of work with sufficient budget and time, never compromising on the quality or content."Шаблон:Sfn
Trips to Wales
Miyazaki first visited Wales on a research trip in 1985, when Castle in the Sky was in early stages of production. He decided to take inspiration from the architecture of the region, and as a result, some of the structures seen in the film resemble Welsh mining towns.Шаблон:Sfnm Miyazaki also witnessed the coal miners' strike in protest of mine closures in Britain. Their ultimate failure to preserve the industry left a lasting impact on Miyazaki, who viewed the event as an attack by those in power on the miners' way of life and the hard-working spirit of the people.Шаблон:Sfn His experiences reflect in several supporting characters in the film, who despite laboring through poverty in the mines, enthusiastically protect the protagonists from multiple aggressors. Susan J. Napier argues that this depiction reveals Miyazaki's yearning for a simpler way of life, and a desire to create a story based on optimism.Шаблон:Sfn Animation scholar Helen McCarthy writes "It seems that Castle in the Sky also contains echoes of the struggle of the Welsh people for nationhood and freedom."Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki would visit Wales once more in 1986, ahead of the release of the film. In 2005, he told The Guardian "I admired those men, I admired the way they battled to save their way of life, just as the coal miners in Japan did. Many people of my generation see the miners as a symbol; a dying breed of fighting men. Now they are gone."Шаблон:Sfn
Production
Cavallaro discusses the meticulous method of animating several distinct layers that the film employed – requiring significantly more labor before the use of digital tools – which she calls "a valuable testimony to Studio Ghibli's inveterate commitment".Шаблон:Sfn Certain special effects from the film use a combination of cel and film techniques.Шаблон:Sfn Takahata, who produced the film, insisted that the highest quality be maintained in spite of the production expense. Napier argues that the production of Castle in the Sky "established a new industry standard".Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki stated in the original project proposal that Шаблон:Nowrap is a project to bring animation back to its roots."Шаблон:Sfn
Many of Miyazaki's old colleagues as well as much of the production crew of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind were employed once again to work on Castle in the Sky at Studio Ghibli's inception.Шаблон:Sfnm The film had a reported production budget of Шаблон:¥, equivalent to Шаблон:US$ in 2023.Шаблон:Sfn Several animation studios such as Doga Kobo and Oh! Production provided support for the in-between animation.Шаблон:Sfn
Themes
Roles of nature and technology
Castle in the Sky contains a strong theme of environmentalism, questioning humanity's relationship with nature and the role of technology.Шаблон:Sfn McCarthy interprets the giant tree of Laputa as a "metaphor for the reviving and life-giving power of nature."Шаблон:Sfn However, in contrast with the more optimistic conclusions of Miyazaki's previous works, Napier notes that the film ends with an "unsettling view" of the castle flying away, suggesting that humanity may not deserve to exist in the natural world.Шаблон:Sfn Literary scholar Anthony Lioi interprets Laputa as an ecological utopia that demonstrates the peace that can be established between nature and advanced technology, but also serves as a criticism of modernity when "[the] peace is shattered by human violence."Шаблон:Sfn The characters of Muska and the army are used to criticize modern militarism in particular.Шаблон:Sfn Lioi notes that this outlook differs from dominant Western ideas, eschewing the extremes of capitalism and industrialism, as well as radical environmentalism and conservationism.Шаблон:Sfn
Critics note the philosophical ambiguity of the castle; while Laputa initially appears to be an ideal union of nature and technology, it is later revealed to have a much harsher and more oppressive underside.Шаблон:Sfn Napier writes that Laputa is "deeply paradoxical",Шаблон:Sfn and Cavallaro that "we are not presented with a univocally and undilutedly malevolent power but rather with an ambivalent admixture of good and evil."Шаблон:Sfn Lioi argues that Laputa is used as a means to comment on the ethics of contemporary culture,Шаблон:Sfn based on Ildney Cavalcanti's observation that such a utopia also "must contain an overtly dystopian element, such that the implicit critique in utopian discourse becomes explicit."[2] However, he interprets the ultimate destruction of the castle's weapons as a demonstration that "violence is not the heart of the city", and that the dystopic elements of modernity can be healed.Шаблон:Sfn
The film also presents an ambiguous view on the usage of technology.Шаблон:Sfn The robots from Laputa provide an example of this view, as they are introduced in the film as a violent force capable of extreme destruction.Шаблон:Sfn However, when the protagonists next meet a robot, it is entirely peaceful, tending to the gardens and fauna on Laputa.Шаблон:Sfn Lioi argues that the robots, as a representation of Laputan technology, are caretakers by default and only become destructive in response to human brutality.Шаблон:Sfn McCarthy argues that "this is not a comment on technology but on man's inability to use it wisely."Шаблон:Sfn Odell and Le Blanc conclude that "technologyШаблон:Nbsp... is not necessarily a bad thing, but we must consider how it's used and to what extent."Шаблон:Sfn The duality of nature and technology is further explored in Miyazaki's later film Princess Mononoke (1997).Шаблон:Sfnm
Innocence of children
Like many other films by Miyazaki, Castle in the Sky features young children as the protagonists.Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki values the portrayal of children as good-hearted, confident in their own agency, and resilient and upbeat in response to adversity.Шаблон:Sfnm He criticized reviewers of his television series Future Boy Conan (1978) who described the titular character as "too much of a goody-two-shoes", admitting he was tempted to retort "So you want to see 'bad characters', you fool?"[3] Film critics Colin Odell and Michelle Le Blanc argue that creating a film with a younger protagonist generates perspectives that an adult would not perceive, saying "the children in Ghibli's films are a liberating force that allows anything to be possible."Шаблон:Sfn
The lack of parental oversight of the protagonists is an element Miyazaki feels to be important in promoting children's independence. The protagonists of his films are, like Sheeta and Pazu, often orphaned, or in some way parted from their parents.Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki believes that "one of the essential elements of most classical children's literature is that the children in the stories actually fend for themselves."[4] The presence of parents, in his opinion, would stifle the children's autonomy.Шаблон:Sfn The limitations that children have in their abilities are also explored in the film; Cavallaro observes that subtlety is added to this theme through the modulation between positive and negative traits.Шаблон:Sfn For example, Pazu comes close to forsaking Sheeta and his quest for Laputa,Шаблон:Sfn and Sheeta and Pazu struggle due to a lack of knowledge of the crystal and of Laputa.Шаблон:Sfnm Additionally, unlike Miyazaki's previous works, the protagonists do not succeed at convincing the antagonists of their wrongdoing, which offers a more pessimistic view on children's ability to educate others.Шаблон:Sfn
Napier proposes that Miyazaki's insistence on showing the freedom of children in Castle in the Sky can be credited to the influence of Panda and the Magic Serpent (1958).Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki first watched the film at age 17, and it moved him to pursue a career in animation.Шаблон:Sfn At a lecture given in 1982 at Waseda University, he said "When I saw Panda and the Magic Serpent, it was as if the scales fell from my eyes; I realized that I should depict the honesty and goodness of children in my work." He considers this a focal point in his endeavors.[1] The theme of innocence is explored more focally in Miyazaki's succeeding film My Neighbor Totoro (1988).Шаблон:Sfn
Style
Miyazaki's affinity for flight is repeatedly displayed in Castle in the Sky, a motif that continues throughout the feature films of his career.Шаблон:Sfn A variety of fictional flying machines appear across the film, including the island of Laputa, the airships, and the pirates' ornithopters; Sheeta's crystal also allows her to float through the air.Шаблон:Sfnm Laputa itself takes direct inspiration from the island of the same name from Gulliver's Travels (1726).[5] However, many of the other flying machines in the film are retrofuturistic, influenced by nineteenth-century stylistic approaches.Шаблон:Sfnm Additionally, Miyazaki was inspired by the literature of Jules Verne and Robert Louis Stevenson when considering the style of the film.Шаблон:Sfnm
Another stylistic trait that Miyazaki drew from nineteenth-century influences is the depiction of machines that "still possess the inherent warmth of handcrafted things."[6] Pazu is shown to enthusiastically build and work with flying machines,Шаблон:Sfn and literary scholars Jeff VanderMeer and S. J. Chambers argue that this gives the film's airships "a realistic physicality."Шаблон:Sfn Commenting on the mecha anime popular at the time, Miyazaki expressed his hatred for shows that glorified machines without portraying the characters struggling to build or maintain them.Шаблон:Sfnm As critic Eric Reinders puts it, "you can't just Шаблон:Em on a Miyazaki contraption."Шаблон:Sfn
Many of these elements have become major influences on the steampunk genre.Шаблон:Sfn Cavallaro writes that Castle in the Sky is like many other works of the genre in the way that it portrays retrofuturistic technology in contrast with fictional versions of electronic technology, such as the weapons system in the underside of Laputa.Шаблон:Sfn While the other machines are presented as joyful, Laputa's underside is used exclusively as an instrument of destruction.Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki stated that, as a child, he was attracted to the design and power of military planes, a view that has since been replaced with revulsion for the indiscriminate acts of violence that the machines have been used for.Шаблон:Sfn Miyazaki's love for flying machines, as well as their innate destructive potential, are highlighted in his later film The Wind Rises (2013).Шаблон:Sfn
Release
The film was released in Japan on August 2, 1986, by the Toei Company.Шаблон:Sfn At the Japanese box office, the film sold about 800,000 tickets,Шаблон:NoteTag which critics have noted to be somewhat lower than the performance of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind.Шаблон:Sfnm Miyazaki also expressed his disappointment with Castle in the SkyШаблон:'s "failure". The film later earned a significant additional amount through rereleases;Шаблон:Sfn as of 2021, it has grossed approximately Шаблон:US$ in box office, home video, and soundtrack sales.Шаблон:Sfn In the United Kingdom, it was 2019's eighth-best-selling foreign language film on home video, below five other Studio Ghibli films.Шаблон:Sfn The film has sold approximately 1.1Шаблон:Nbspmillion tickets in Europe as of 2023.Шаблон:Sfn Multiple international theatrical rescreenings between 2003 and 2023 have earned the film approximately Шаблон:US$.Шаблон:Sfn
English dubs
The first English dub of Castle in the Sky was produced by an unknown partyШаблон:NoteTag commissioned by Tokuma Shoten in 1988 for viewing on international flights on Japan Airlines; this dub was licensed between 1989 and 1991 by the then-new Streamline Pictures for distribution in North American markets.Шаблон:Sfn An edited version of this dub briefly aired on UK television.Шаблон:NoteTag Carl Macek, the head of Streamline, was disappointed with this dub, deeming it "adequate, but clumsy".Шаблон:Sfn In addition to distribution rights, Streamline would go on to dub two other Studio Ghibli films in-house: My Neighbor Totoro and Kiki's Delivery Service (1989).Шаблон:Sfn
The English dub produced by Disney was recorded in 1998 and planned for release on video in 1999, but the release was canceled after Princess Mononoke did not perform well in North American theaters.Шаблон:Sfn The film premiered at the New York International Children's Film Festival on February 2, 2000.Шаблон:Sfn It was released on home video in North America on April 15, 2003, alongside a rerelease of Kiki's Delivery Service and Spirited Away (2001).Шаблон:Sfn Due to the possible confusion of the title with the Spanish phrase Шаблон:Lang – literally 'the whore' – the film was released as simply Castle in the Sky in North America.Шаблон:Sfn The film was released by Buena Vista on Blu-ray in North America on May 22, 2012.Шаблон:Sfn Shout! Factory and GKIDS re-issued the film on Blu-ray and DVD on October 31, 2017.Шаблон:Sfn Both the original Japanese version and the 2003 Disney dub were made available for streaming when the rights to Studio Ghibli's filmography were acquired by Netflix in 2020.Шаблон:Sfn
Music
As with Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Joe Hisaishi composed the soundtrack of Castle in the Sky. Miyazaki and Hisaishi went on to become close collaborators, and Hisaishi has since provided the music for all of Miyazaki's feature films.Шаблон:Sfn Three months before the film's theatrical release, the image album – a collection of demos and musical sketches that serve as a precursor to the finished score – was published by Tokuma on compact disc. A third version of the soundtrack, rearranged for full symphony orchestra and recorded by the Tokyo City Philharmonic, released in 1987 on compact disc.Шаблон:Sfn
For the English dub produced by Disney in 1998, Hisaishi was called upon to rewrite the soundtrack to be more suitable for audiences in America. The new soundtrack was recorded by the Seattle Symphony and featured in the 2003 English dub released by Buena Vista.Шаблон:Sfn Hisaishi was advised by Disney staff that non-Japanese audiences prefer comparatively more music in films. As a result, the American soundtrack is much longer, while the original Japanese version featured just an hour of music for a film exceeding two hours in length. Though Hisaishi felt that American film scores used an overly simplistic compositional approach, he commented "But when I redid the music of Laputa this way, I learned a lot."Шаблон:Sfn
The credits sequence of the film features an original vocal song titled "Carrying You" performed by Azumi Inoue, with music by Hisaishi and lyrics by Miyazaki. The song was released in 1988 as a compact disc single, featuring an additional chorus version performed by the Suginami Children's Choir.Шаблон:Sfn
| Release date | English title | Japanese title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 25, 1986 | Laputa: Castle in the Sky Image Album ~The Girl Who Fell From the Sky~ | 天空の城ラピュタ イメージアルバム 〜空から降ってきた少女〜 | |
| August 25, 1986 | Laputa: Castle in the Sky Soundtrack ~The Mystery of the Levitation Stone~ | 天空の城ラピュタ サウンドトラック 〜飛行石の謎〜 | |
| January 25, 1987 | Laputa: Castle in the Sky Symphony Version ~Huge Tree~ | 天空の城ラピュタ シンフォニー編 〜大樹〜 | |
| March 25, 1988 | "Carrying You" | 君をのせて | Azumi Inoue single |
| February 25, 1989 | Laputa: Castle in the Sky Drama Version ~Revive the Light!~ | 天空の城ラピュタ ドラマ編 〜光よ甦れ!〜 | |
| November 25, 1989 | Laputa: Castle in the Sky Hi-Tech Series | 天空の城ラピュタ ハイテックシリーズ | |
| October 2, 2002 | Laputa: Castle in the Sky USA Version Soundtrack | Castle in the Sky 〜天空の城ラピュタ USA ヴァージョンサウンドトラック〜 | The extended soundtrack written for the 2003 Disney dub |
Reception
Critical response
Castle in the Sky has been generally acclaimed by film critics in the years since its release.Шаблон:Sfnm In 2001, Animage ranked Castle in the Sky 44th in their list of top 100 anime.Шаблон:Sfn Animation critic and writer Raz Greenberg calls Castle in the Sky "one of the greatest adventure films ever made",Шаблон:Sfn and critic Manabu Murase names it "quite possibly the most entertaining anime that Miyazaki ever made".[7]
While The New York TimesШаблон:'s Caryn James and Deseret NewsШаблон:'s Chris Hicks felt that the film's two-hour runtime would turn audiences away,Шаблон:Sfnm The Washington PostШаблон:'s Richard Harrington and IGNШаблон:'s Jeremy Conrad argued that the film had the appeal to entertain audiences of all ages.Шаблон:Sfnm Conrad felt the characters were "so likable that you never get bored, you always want to see what adventure is next for them".Шаблон:Sfn
Hicks did not think highly of the 1988 English dub, calling the children's voices "shrill",Шаблон:Sfn but James felt the dubbing into English had been done "gracefully".Шаблон:Sfn The 2003 dub similarly received mixed reviews, with The A.V. ClubШаблон:'s Tasha Robinson calling Disney's recordings "almost comically bland",Шаблон:Sfn and Conrad expressing his appreciation for Anna Paquin as Sheeta and Mark Hamill's performance as Muska.Шаблон:Sfn
Most reviewers highlighted the imaginative capacity that Miyazaki displays in the film.Шаблон:Sfnm SlantШаблон:'s Chuck Bowen noted the subtle details included in the film, which he felt lends it "texture and originality".Шаблон:Sfn Several reviewers praised the use of color, which made the film "a joy to watch" according to James.Шаблон:Sfnm Both Harrington and Bowen noted the film's strong ecological theme, with Harrington appreciating the "moral duality" of Laputa's technology.Шаблон:Sfnm
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rate of 96% from 28 critics, with an average rating of 7.6 out of 10. The site's critic consensus reads, "With a storytelling palette as rich and brilliant as its animation, Castle in the Sky thrillingly encapsulates Studio Ghibli's unique strengths."Шаблон:Sfn At Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 78 out of 100 based on 7 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".Шаблон:Sfn
Audience response
Castle in the Sky was the second-place winner in the Reader's Choice award category hosted by Animage in 1986.Шаблон:Sfn In a 2006 poll by Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs conducted at the 2006 Japan Media Arts Festival, the film was rated the third-best animation of all time, after Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind and Neon Genesis Evangelion (1995).Шаблон:Sfn In a 2008 audience poll conducted by Oricon in Japan, Castle in the Sky was voted the best animation of all time.Шаблон:Sfn
Accolades
| Year | Award / Publication | Category | Result | Recipient(s) | Шаблон:Refh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Mainichi Film Awards | Ōfuji Noburō Award | rowspan="2" Шаблон:Won | Hayao Miyazaki | Шаблон:Sfn |
| Tokuma Shoten | |||||
| Animage | Anime Grand Prix | Шаблон:Won | Castle in the Sky | Шаблон:Sfn | |
| Kinema Junpo | Best Ten | data-sort-value="Won 8" Шаблон:Draw | Castle in the Sky | Шаблон:Sfn | |
| Readers' Choice | data-sort-value="Won 2" Шаблон:Runner up | Castle in the Sky | Шаблон:Sfn | ||
| Eiga Geijutsu | Movie Art | Шаблон:Won | Castle in the Sky | ||
| Osaka Film Festival | Best Ten | data-sort-value="Won 1" Шаблон:Won | Castle in the Sky |
Legacy
Castle in the Sky is considered a keystone work of the modern steampunk and dieselpunk styles.Шаблон:Sfnm Along with Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Philip Boyes of Eurogamer considers Castle in the Sky a major contributor to the genres' popularity in Japan, introducing audiences to stylistic features such as airships which were otherwise mostly prevalent in Europe.Шаблон:Sfn According to McCarthy, "its mix of epic action-adventure and techno-ecological theme has since earned [Castle in the Sky] cult status."Шаблон:Sfn
Several notable artists in the anime and manga industries have cited Castle in the Sky as a major influence on their works. Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water (1990), by Neon Genesis Evangelion director Hideaki Anno, is noted for its similarities in premise with Castle in the Sky; Anno had previously worked with Miyazaki on the production of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, and has stated that Nadia was based in part on one of Miyazaki's concepts.Шаблон:Sfn D.Gray-man (2004) author Katsura Hoshino was moved to pursue a career in animation after watching the film, ultimately becoming a manga artist.Шаблон:Sfn Ghost in the Shell (1995) director Mamoru OshiiШаблон:Sfn and Your Name (2016) director Makoto Shinkai named Castle in the Sky among their favorite animations.Шаблон:Sfn Additionally, VanderMeer and Chambers argue that Castle in the Sky forms the stylistic foundation for several of Miyazaki's later films, including Porco Rosso (1992) and Howl's Moving Castle (2004).Шаблон:Sfn
John Lasseter, former chief creative officer at Pixar and Disney Animation, often cited Miyazaki and his works to be his "greatest inspiration".Шаблон:Sfn When asked about some of his favorite films, Lasseter expressed his admiration for Castle in the Sky.Шаблон:Sfn Lasseter has worked with Miyazaki on the English dubs of several of his films, and notes this as an influence on his work with his colleagues. At a speech delivered at the 2014 Tokyo International Film Festival, Lasseter said "Whenever we get stuck at Pixar or Disney, I put on a Miyazaki film sequence or two, just to get us inspired again."Шаблон:Sfn Napier argues that the protagonist of Pixar's WALL-E (2008), a robot left to care for a world abandoned by humans, "may have its roots in LaputaШаблон:'s nurturing robot."Шаблон:Sfn
Castle in the Sky has influenced numerous video games, particularly in Japan, with its success leading to a wave of steampunk video games.Шаблон:Sfn Game designer Hironobu Sakaguchi cited Castle in the Sky as an inspiration behind his Final Fantasy video game series, particularly citing it as an influence on the series' airships.Шаблон:Sfn Castle in the Sky also influenced the airships in the Mario and Civilization franchises.Шаблон:Sfn The Iron Golem from Minecraft (2011) takes inspiration from the robots in the film.Шаблон:Sfn Several games from The Legend of Zelda series are noted to have been influenced by Castle in the Sky, particularly Tears of the Kingdom (2023), which features a flying castle and several thematic parallels with the film.Шаблон:Sfn
On December 9, 2011, during an airing of Castle in the Sky on Japanese television, fans posting to Twitter set a new record for the platform by causing a peak of 25,088 tweets per second.Шаблон:Sfn The record was later surpassed during another airing on August 2, 2013, with a figure of 143,199 per second.Шаблон:Sfnm
Notes
References
Citations
Book and journal sources
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
Online sources
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite video
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite magazine
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite magazine
- Шаблон:Cite web
External links
- Шаблон:Official website
- Шаблон:IMDb title
- Шаблон:Anime News Network
- Шаблон:AllMovie title
- Шаблон:Rotten Tomatoes
- Шаблон:Metacritic film
- Laputa: Castle in the Sky at Nausicaa.net
- 天空の城ラピュタ (Tenkū no Shiro Rapyuta) at the Japanese Movie Database (Japanese)
Шаблон:Hayao Miyazaki Шаблон:Studio Ghibli Шаблон:Anime Grand Prix Шаблон:Ōfuji Noburō Award Шаблон:Portalbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, cited in Шаблон:Harvnb.
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 1986 films
- 1980s children's animated films
- 1980s children's fantasy films
- 1980s Japanese films
- 1980s Japanese-language films
- 1986 anime films
- 1986 children's films
- 1986 fantasy films
- 1986 in Japanese cinema
- Adventure anime and manga
- Fiction about airships
- Animated adventure films
- Animated films about aviation
- Animated films about friendship
- Animated films about orphans
- Animated films about robots
- Anime with original screenplays
- Dieselpunk films
- Fictional fortifications
- Films directed by Hayao Miyazaki
- Films scored by Joe Hisaishi
- Films set in abandoned buildings and structures
- Animated films set in castles
- Films with screenplays by Hayao Miyazaki
- Japanese animated fantasy films
- Japanese fantasy adventure films
- Japanese robot films
- Anime and manga about pirates
- Steampunk anime and manga
- Steampunk films
- Studio Ghibli animated films
- Toei Company films
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
