Английская Википедия:Guang'anmen

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Файл:Beijing city wall map vectorized.svg

Beijing City Walls

Guang'anmen, also known as the Шаблон:Nowrap, Guangningmen and Zhangyimen, was a city gate of old Beijing, constructed during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor (1521–1567) of the Ming Dynasty. This gate was part of Beijing's city wall, situated south-west of the city center and facing east. Guang'anmen served as a main entrance to Beijing.

History

The Records of the Capital at Yan Шаблон:Nowrap, written by the Qing historian Gu Sen Шаблон:Nowrap read: "Of the seven outer city gates, the one facing east is called Guangningmen. 15 li to the west of the gate is Lugou Bridge; if you cross the bridge and continue 20Шаблон:Nbsplis, you will find the seat of Liangxiang County. The gate is a strategic passage for ground traffic from the southern provinces and is of vital importance."Шаблон:Efn

The Guanganmen Incident of 26 July 1937 was part of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Chinese theatre of World War II. This ultimately resulted in the retreat of Chinese armies to the southern provinces, the fall of Beijing and Tianjing, and the Japanese occupation of the entire North China Plain later that year.

The gate was torn down for construction of Beijing's 2nd Ring Road, which led to the demolition of most of Beijing city fortifications. The original two-story tower with double eaves was Шаблон:Convert tall, Шаблон:Convert long and Шаблон:Convert wide. The tower and the wall combined had a height of Шаблон:Convert.

Etymology

Guang'anmen was known as "Guangningmen" during the Ming and early Qing Dynasty. It was renamed by the Daoguang Emperor, whose private name was Minning. Because the Chinese naming taboo forbid the use of characters in the given name of ancestors and emperors, the name was changed to a close synonym.

Neighbourhood

Guang'anmen is now the name of a Beijing neighbourhood in Xicheng District. After the completion of Guang'an Avenue Шаблон:Nowrap one of the main traffic arteries of modern Beijing, the area has become an important business district. It is also home to a few prestigious education institutes, including Central Conservatory of Music, Beijing Primary School Шаблон:Nowrap and Beijing No.Шаблон:Nbsp14 High School Шаблон:Nowrap

Line 7 of the Beijing Subway passes underneath Guang'an Avenue. The neighbourhood is also served by many public bus lines.

See also

• Beijing city fortifications
• Xicheng District