Английская Википедия:Interval signal
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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Expand German
An interval signal, or tuning signal, is a characteristic sound or musical phrase used in international broadcasting, numbers stations, and by some domestic broadcasters, played before commencement or during breaks in transmission, but most commonly between programmes in different languages.
It serves several purposes:
- It helps a listener using a radio with an analog tuner to find the correct frequency.
- It informs other stations that the frequency is in use.
- It serves as a station identifier even if the language used in the subsequent broadcast is not one the listener understands.
The practise began in Europe in the 1920s and 1930s and was carried over into shortwave broadcasts. The use of interval signals has declined with the advent of digital tuning systems, but has not vanished. Interval signals were not required on commercial channels in the United States, where jingles were used as identification.
List of interval signals by station
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radiodifusión Argentina al Exterior: First eight notes of "Mi Buenos Aires querido" by Carlos Gardel, followed by people saying the station's name in eight languages.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Bangladesh Betar: A tune composed by Samar Das.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Belarus: "Motherland, my dear" (Belarusian: Шаблон:Lang, Russian: Шаблон:Lang) by Шаблон:Ill and Ales Bachyla.
- China National Radio and China Radio International: Chime version of March of the Volunteers (Шаблон:Lang).
- Voice of the Strait News Radio: Bell version of "Three Rules of Discipline and Eight Points for Attention" (Шаблон:Lang).
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Habana Cuba: Melody of "March of the 26th of July" (Шаблон:Lang) by Agustín Díaz Cartaya.
- Шаблон:Flagicon DR P1: "Drømte mig en drøm i nat", played on xylophone.[1]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio France Internationale: Electronic-disco, culminating in the last 8 measures of "La Marseillaise".
- Шаблон:Flagicon Deutsche Welle: Celesta version of "Es sucht der Bruder seine Brüder" from Fidelio by Ludwig van Beethoven.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Voice of Greece: "The Little Shepherd" (Шаблон:Lang), played on floghera.[2]
- Шаблон:Flagicon All India Radio: A tune composed by Walter Kaufmann or Thakur Balwant Singh, used since 1936.[3]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Republik Indonesia: "Solace on Coconut Island" (Шаблон:Lang), composed by Ismail Marzuki. Interval signals may vary by province.
- Шаблон:Flagicon RTÉ Radio 1: Chime version of "O'Donnell Forever" (Шаблон:Lang).[4]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Japan:
- "Kazoe-uta" (Шаблон:Lang, counting-out game).
- "Sakura Sakura" (Шаблон:Lang, cherry blossoms).
- Voice of Korea: Melody of "Song of General Kim Il-sung" (Шаблон:Lang).
- Шаблон:Ill: Melody of "Song of General Kim Jong-il" (Шаблон:Lang).
- Шаблон:Flagicon KBS World Radio: "Dawn".
- Шаблон:Flagicon RTL Radio: "De Feierwon" by Michel Lentz, played on chimes.[5]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Voice of Mongolia: "Motherland" (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Citation needed
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio New Zealand International: The call of a New Zealand bellbird
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Pakistan: A tune composed by Khwaja Khursheed Anwar.
- Far East Broadcasting Company: "We Have Heard the Joyful Sound".
- Radio Veritas Asia: "O via, vita, veritas".
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Romania International: The first nine notes of “Pui de lei", lyrics by Ioan S. Nenițescu and song by Шаблон:Ill
- Шаблон:Flagu
- Radio Mayak: Vibraphone version of Moscow Nights.
- Radio Sakha: Excerpt from a Yakut folk song.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Slovenia: Electronically generated cuckoo chirping.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Ukraine International: "Шаблон:Ill" (Шаблон:Lang).
- Шаблон:Flagicon BBC World Service:
- English programme: "Bow Bells".
- Non-English programme, non-Europe: "Lillibullero", three notes tuned B–B–C.
- Non-English programme, to Europe: four notes tuned B–B–B–E.
- Trans World Radio: "What a Friend We Have in Jesus".
- Voice of America: Brass band version of "Yankee Doodle".
- WEWN, later EWTN Global Radio: "Salve Regina"
- Шаблон:Flagicon Vatican Radio: "Christus Vincit", played on celesta.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Nacional de Venezuela's Шаблон:Ill: Beginning of "Alma Llanera" by Pedro Elías Gutiérrez and Rafael Bolívar Coronado.
Formerly used
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Tirana: Këputa një gjethe dafine (transmission intro) and the trumpet version of With Pickaxe and Rifle.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Australia: Chimes version of Waltzing Matilda (chorus), Kookaburra call. News signature tune: Majestic Fanfare.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Österreich International: Orchestral version of An der schönen blauen Donau ("Blue Danube Waltz") by Johann Strauss.[6]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Ö1: Three notes signifying O–R–F by Werner Pirchner, played on viola.[7]
- Шаблон:Flagicon RTBF International: Шаблон:Ill.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Rádio Nacional: Luar do Sertão ("Hinterlands Moonlight").
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Canada International: First four notes of O Canada, played on piano or autoharp.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Peking (predecessor of China Radio International): Chimes version of 东方红 ("The East Is Red").
- Шаблон:Flagicon Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation: Avkoritsa by Andreas Mappouras, played on guitar
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Prague
- Trumpet version of Kupředu levá ("Forward, Left") by Jan Seidl
- Шаблон:Flagicon Yle Radio 1: Pim-pam-pulla by A. O. Väisänen.[8]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio France Internationale: Trumpet version of a popular song, Шаблон:Ill.[6]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk: The 4th symphony by Brahms.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Шаблон:Ill: Ending bars of Volk ans Gewehr, played on glockenspiel.
- Berliner Rundfunk: Motif from the opera Regina by Albert Lortzing, played by trumpets.
- Radio Berlin International: Beginning of Auferstanden aus Ruinen ("Risen from Ruins"), played on chimes.
-
Файл:Radio NTS 1972.ogg Interval signal for Radio NTS
-
Файл:Deutscher Freiheitssender 904.ogg Interval signal for DFS 904
- Шаблон:Flagicon Deutschlandfunk: Celesta version of Dir, Land voll Lieb' und Leben from "Ich hab' mich ergeben" by Hans Ferdinand Maßmann.[9]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Budapest: Excerpts from the suite 1848 by T.K. Polgar played on three trumpets and two cornets.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Kol Yisrael: Trumpet and drum version of Hatikvah.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Rai Italia Radio: Mechanically generated canary chirping.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Trans World Radio: Hymne Monégasque
- NPO: First seven notes of Wilhelmus, played on clarinet (Radio 1 and Radio 5), synthesizer (Radio 3), spinet (Radio 4) and flute (Radio 2).[10]Шаблон:Better source needed
- Radio Netherlands: Carillon version of the Eighty Years' War song Merck toch hoe sterck.
- NRK P1: Motif from Sigurd Josarfal by Edvard Grieg.[11]
- Radio Norway International (Шаблон:Ill Шаблон:Inlang, former international service of NRK): Ancient folk tune from the Hallingdal region.[12]
- Radio Katowice: Sound of a hammer striking an anvil.[13]
- Шаблон:Ill: Excerpt from O Warmio moja miła by Feliks Nowowiejski, played on barrel organ.
- Polish Radio External Service: Excerpt from Prząśniczka by Stanisław Moniuszko, played on piano.[14]
- Radio Polonia: Piano version of Etude No. 12 ("Revolutionary Etude") by Frédéric Chopin.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Bucharest 1 and Radio Bucharest External Service (pre 1989): Fragment from Cantata anilor luminǎ by Anatol Vieru
- Шаблон:Flagicon Voice of Russia: "Majestic" chorus from the "Great Gate of Kiev" portion of Pictures at an Exhibition by Mussorgsky.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Serbia: Bože pravde.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Slovakia International: Kto za pravdu horí.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio RSA (former international service of Apartheid-era South African Broadcasting Corporation): Bokmakierie chirping and first bars of Ver in die Wereld, Kittie, played on guitar.[6][15]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Sweden: Chime version of Ut i vida världen ("Out in the Wide World"), composed by Ralph Lundsten and the opening notes of Carl Michael Bellman's Storm och böljor tystna r'en.[6][16]
- Шаблон:Flagu
- Шаблон:Ill: D' Zit isch do, played on music box.
- Swiss Radio International: Lueget, vo Berg und Tal.
- Шаблон:Flagicon Voice of Turkey: Turkish makam, played on piano.
Файл:Voice of Turkey Interval Signal.ogg Interval signal of Voice of Turkey as heard in 2013
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Moscow (former international service of the Soviet Union):
- Подмосковные вечера ("Moscow Nights"), played on vibraphone.
- Песня о Родине ("Wide Is My Motherland")
- Шаблон:Flagicon BBC World Service: Trumpet version of Oranges and Lemons, first four notes of Symphony No. 5 by Beethoven, played on timpani; Lillibullero (signature tune, played on trumpet).[17]
- Шаблон:Flagicon WYFR: First two bars of To God Be the Glory by William Howard Doane played by a brass band
- Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Yugoslavia (1980–1989): First bar of Druže Tito, ljubićice bjela anonymous Partisan song, in various orchestral renditions.[18]
- Шаблон:Flagicon Шаблон:Flagicon Radio Yugoslavia, later International Radio of Serbia and Montenegro: Jugoslavijo by Nikola Hercigonja.
Classical radio station WQXR-FM in New York City, during its ownership by The New York Times Company, played different variations of a classical infused gong with the ID read at the same time as "The Classical Station of the New York Times, WQXR, New York (And WQXR.com 2000–2009) Шаблон:Citation needed
Numbers station interval signals
Numbers stations are often named after their interval signals, such as The Lincolnshire Poacher or Magnetic Fields after "Magnetic Fields Part 1" by Jean-Michel Jarre.
References
Further reading
External links
- Interval Signals Online
- Nobuyuki Kawamura's Interval Signal Library
- IntervalSignal DataBase (German) English version
- Uwe Volk's Sound Library (available both in English and in German)
- Kurzwelle-Historisch
- Interval signals on Live-Radio.net
- ↑ Archived at GhostarchiveШаблон:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineШаблон:Cbignore: Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore
- ↑ Archived at GhostarchiveШаблон:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineШаблон:Cbignore: Шаблон:Cite AV mediaШаблон:Cbignore
- ↑ Tuning into broadcast history. The Hindu BusinessLine, 15 October 2015.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ nl:Pauzeteken
- ↑ http://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Articles/The_Interval_Signal.pdf Шаблон:Bare URL PDF
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Archived at GhostarchiveШаблон:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineШаблон:Cbignore: Шаблон:Cite AV mediaШаблон:Cbignore
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Radio Sweden interval signal Retrieved 2011-11-24.
- ↑ BBC World Service (Europe) interval signal Retrieved 2013-10-09.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
