Английская Википедия:Istrian dialect

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox language This article uses Logar transcription. Шаблон:South Slavic languages sidebar The Istrian dialect (Шаблон:Lang-sl Шаблон:IPA-sl,[1] Шаблон:Lang-sl[2]) is a Slovene dialect spoken in Slovene Istria, as well as some settlements in Italy[3] and Croatia.[4] The dialect borders the Inner Carniolan dialect to the north and northeast, the Southern Chakavian and Buzet dialects to the south, the Southwestern Istrian dialect to the southeast, and the Čičarija dialect to the east. The dialect belongs to the Littoral dialect group, and it evolved from Lower Carniolan dialect base.[5][6]

Geographical distribution

The dialect is spoken in Slovene Istria in most of the rural areas of the municipalities of Koper (Шаблон:Lang-it), Izola (Шаблон:Lang), Ankaran (Шаблон:Lang), and Piran (Шаблон:Lang), as well as by the Slovenes living in the Italian municipalities of Muggia (Шаблон:Lang-sl) and San Dorligo della Valle (Шаблон:Lang), in the southern suburbs of Trieste (Шаблон:Lang)—Servola (Шаблон:Lang) and Cattinara (Шаблон:Lang)[3][7]—and the Croatian villages of Slum and Brest.[4] Notable settlements include Koper, Izola, Ankaran, Strunjan (Шаблон:Lang-it), Piran, Portorož (Шаблон:Lang), Dragonja (Шаблон:Lang), Vanganel, Marezige, Dekani, Spodnje Škofije, and Črni Kal in Slovenia, and Muggia, Stramare (Шаблон:Lang-sl), San Dorligo della Valle, and Trieste in Italy.

Accentul changes

The Istrian dialect has lost pitch accent on both long and short vowels, and the Šavrin Hills subdialect has lost differentiation between long and short vowels completely, whereas the Rižana subdialect is in the late stages of losing differentiation.[8] It has undergone the Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang,[9] and (partially) Шаблон:Lang / Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang / Шаблон:Lang (e.g., Шаблон:Lang) shifts.[10]

Phonology

The dialect's phonology is in many aspects very close to the Inner Carniolan dialect, but in some features it barely shows similarities with other dialects from the Lower Carniolan dialect base. The greatest change happened to Шаблон:Lang and non-final Шаблон:Lang, which in the Lower Carniolan dialect base diphthongized into Шаблон:Lang, but then monophthongized into Шаблон:Lang in some dialects. In the Istrian dialect, however, it diphthongized again, this time into Шаблон:Lang. Stressed Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang. Stressed Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang. Short Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang in all positions and Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang. The vowels Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang, and in the south also into Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang, or Шаблон:Lang. In the Šavrin Hills subdialect, diphthongs have monophthongized for a second time; Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang.[8]

Newly accented Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang in the north and into Шаблон:Lang/Шаблон:Lang in the south, and newly accented Шаблон:Lang remained Шаблон:Lang in the north, but turned into Шаблон:Lang/Шаблон:Lang in the south. Newly accented Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang in the south. Short accented Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang, or if before the accented syllable, turned into Шаблон:Lang. Final Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang, or Шаблон:Lang, final Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang, and final Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang.[8]

Velar Шаблон:Lang remained velar before central and back vowels. The second Slavic palatalization is still present for dorsal consonants in the north: Шаблон:Lang →Шаблон:Lang/Шаблон:Lang/Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang, Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang/Шаблон:Lang. Syllabic Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang. The consonant Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang in the north and palatal sounds remained, except that Шаблон:Lang might have changed into Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang. Final Шаблон:Lang turned into Шаблон:Lang.[8]

In the villages of Kubed, Gračišče, Hrastovlje, Dol pri Hrastovljah, and Zazid, the dialects lack the first monophthongization for Шаблон:Lang, and so it is still pronounced as Шаблон:Lang, and Шаблон:Lang → Шаблон:Lang.[11]

Morphology

The preposition pri is used with the genitive instead of the locative.[12] Apart from that, the morphology is poorly researched, but it is probably close to the Inner Carniolan dialect.

Subdivision

Шаблон:Main articles The Istrian dialect is split into two subdialects: the northern, more archaic Rižana subdialect and the southern Šavrin Hills subdialect, which is more influenced by Croatian. The main differences are monophthongization and the loss of length differentiation in the Šavrin Hills dialect.

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Languages of Slovenia Шаблон:Languages of Italy

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  1. ↑ Smole, Vera. 1998. "Slovenska narečja." Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 12, pp. 1–5. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, p. 2.
  2. ↑ Rigler, Jakob. 2001. Zbrani spisi: Jezikovnozgodovinske in dialektološke razprave. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, p. 232.
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
  7. ↑ Toporišič, Jože. 1992. Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, pp. 63, 257, 321.
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Harvcoltxt
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Istrian_dialect&oldid=15464088