Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:1882 in the United States

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Yearbox US|1882}}
{{Year in U.S. states and territories|1882}}

Events from the year '''1882 in the United States'''.

== Incumbents ==
=== Federal government ===

{{see also|Federal government of the United States}}
* [[President of the United States|President]]: [[Chester A. Arthur]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]])
* [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]: ''vacant''
* [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]]: [[Morrison Waite]] ([[Ohio]])
* [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House of Representatives]]: [[J. Warren Keifer]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]])
* [[United States Congress|Congress]]: [[47th United States Congress|47th]]

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! [[Governor (United States)|Governor]]s and [[Lieutenant governor (United States)|lieutenant governor]]s
|-
|
=== Governors ===
{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* [[Governor of Alabama]]: [[Rufus W. Cobb]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until December 1), [[Edward A. O'Neal]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting December 1)
* [[Governor of Arkansas]]: [[Thomas James Churchill]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of California]]: [[George Clement Perkins]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Colorado]]: [[Frederick Walker Pitkin]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Connecticut]]: [[Hobart B. Bigelow]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Delaware]]: [[John W. Hall]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Florida]]: [[William D. Bloxham]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Georgia]]: [[Alfred H. Colquitt]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until November 4), [[Alexander H. Stephens]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting November 4)
* [[Governor of Illinois]]: [[Shelby Moore Cullom]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Indiana]]: [[Albert G. Porter]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]])
* [[Governor of Iowa]]: [[John H. Gear]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until January 12), [[Buren R. Sherman]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 12)
* [[Governor of Kansas]]: [[John St. John (American politician)|John P. St. John]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Kentucky]]: [[Luke P. Blackburn]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Louisiana]]: [[Samuel D. McEnery]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Maine]]: [[Harris M. Plaisted]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]])
* [[Governor of Maryland]]: [[William T. Hamilton]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Massachusetts]]: [[John Davis Long]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Michigan]]: [[David Jerome]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Minnesota]]: [[John S. Pillsbury]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until January 10), [[Lucius F. Hubbard]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 10)
* [[Governor of Mississippi]]: [[John M. Stone]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until January 29), [[Robert Lowry (governor)|Robert Lowry]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting January 29)
* [[Governor of Missouri]]: [[Thomas Theodore Crittenden]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Nebraska]]: [[Albinus Nance]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Nevada]]: [[John Henry Kinkead]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of New Hampshire]]: [[Charles H. Bell (politician)|Charles H. Bell]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of New Jersey]]: [[George C. Ludlow]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of New York]]: [[Alonzo B. Cornell]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until end of December 31)
* [[Governor of North Carolina]]: [[Thomas Jordan Jarvis]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Ohio]]: [[Charles Foster (Ohio politician)|Charles Foster]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Oregon]]: [[W. W. Thayer]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until September 13), [[Z. F. Moody]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting September 13)
* [[Governor of Pennsylvania]]: [[Henry M. Hoyt]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Rhode Island]]: [[Alfred H. Littlefield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of South Carolina]]: [[Johnson Hagood (governor)|Johnson Hagood]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until December 1), [[Hugh Smith Thompson]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting December 1)
* [[Governor of Tennessee]]: [[Alvin Hawkins]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Governor of Texas]]: [[Oran M. Roberts]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Vermont]]: [[Roswell Farnham]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until October 5), [[John L. Barstow]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting October 5)
* [[Governor of Virginia]]: [[Frederick W. M. Holliday]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until January 1), [[William E. Cameron]] ([[Readjuster Party|Re-adjuster]]) (starting January 1)
* [[Governor of West Virginia]]: [[Jacob B. Jackson]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Governor of Wisconsin]]: [[William E. Smith (politician)|William E. Smith]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until January 2), [[Jeremiah McLain Rusk]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 2)
}}

=== Lieutenant governors ===
{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* [[Lieutenant Governor of California]]: [[John Mansfield (American politician)|John Mansfield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Colorado]]: [[Horace Austin Warner Tabor]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut]]: [[William H. Bulkeley]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Florida]]: [[Livingston W. Bethel]] (no political party) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Illinois]]: [[John Marshall Hamilton]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Indiana]]: [[Thomas Hanna (Indiana politician)|Thomas Hanna]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]])
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Iowa]]: [[Frank T. Campbell]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until January 12), [[Orlando H. Manning]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 12)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Kansas]]: [[David Wesley Finney]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky]]: [[James E. Cantrill]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana]]: [[George L. Walton]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until month and day unknown), vacant (starting month and day unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]]: [[Byron Weston]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]])
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Michigan]]: [[Moreau S. Crosby]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota]]: [[Charles A. Gilman]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi]]: [[William H. Sims (American politician)|William H. Sims]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until month and day unknown), [[G. D. Shands]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting month and day unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Missouri]]: [[Robert Alexander Campbell]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Nebraska]]: [[Edmund C. Carns]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Nevada]]: [[Jewett W. Adams]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]]: [[George Gilbert Hoskins]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until end of December 31)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina]]: vacant (until month and day unknown), [[James L. Robinson]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting month and day unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Ohio]]: [[Andrew Hickenlooper]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until January 9), [[Rees G. Richards]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 9)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania]]: [[Charles Warren Stone]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]])
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island]]: [[Henry Fay]] (political party unknown) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina]]: [[John D. Kennedy]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until December 1), [[John Calhoun Sheppard]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (starting December 1)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee]]: George H. Morgan ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Texas]]: Leonidas J. Storey ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) 
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Vermont]]: [[John L. Barstow]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until October 5), [[Samuel E. Pingree]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting October 5)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Virginia]]: [[James A. Walker]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]) (until January 1), [[John F. Lewis]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 1)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin]]: [[James M. Bingham]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (until January 2), [[Sam S. Fifield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]) (starting January 2)
}}
|}

==Events==
===January–March===
* January 2
** The [[Standard Oil]] [[Trust (monopoly)]] is secretly created to control multiple corporations set up by [[John D. Rockefeller]] and his associates.<ref>{{cite book|first1=David O.|last1=Whitten|first2=Bessie Emrick|last2=Whitten|title=Handbook of American Business History: Manufacturing|url=https://archive.org/details/extractivesmanuf00whit|url-access=limited|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1990|page=[https://archive.org/details/extractivesmanuf00whit/page/n196 182]}}</ref>
** [[Oscar Wilde]] arrives in the [[United States]] for an extended lecture tour.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oscarwildeinamerica.org |title=Oscar Wilde's 1882 American Lecture Tour |last=Cooper |first=John |work=Oscar Wilde in America |access-date=2018-11-12}}</ref>
* January 5 &ndash; [[Charles J. Guiteau]] is found guilty of the [[assassination of James A. Garfield]] ([[President of the United States]]), despite an [[insanity defense]] raised by his lawyer.<ref>{{cite book|first=John W.|last=Johnson|title=Historic U.S. Court Cases|publisher=Taylor & Francis|location=U.S.|year=2001|page=54}}</ref>
* March 18 &ndash; [[Morgan Earp]] is assassinated by [[outlaw]]s while playing billiards in [[Tombstone, Arizona]].
* March 22 &ndash; [[Polygamy]] is made a felony by the [[Edmunds Act]] passed by the [[United States Congress]].
* March 29 &ndash; The [[Knights of Columbus]], a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[Fraternal and service organizations|fraternal service organization]], is incorporated in [[New Haven, Connecticut]] by Father [[Michael J. McGivney]].

===April–June===
* April 3 &ndash; [[Old West]] outlaw [[Jesse James]] is shot in the back of the head and killed by fellow outlaw [[Robert Ford (outlaw)|Robert Ford]] in his home at [[St. Joseph, Missouri]] for reward.
* May 6 &ndash; The [[Chinese Exclusion Act]] is the first significant law that restricts immigration into the U.S.
* June 30 &ndash; [[Charles J. Guiteau]], the assassin of President [[James A. Garfield]], is hanged.

===July–September===
* August 3 &ndash; The [[U.S. Congress]] passes the [[1882 Immigration Act]].
* August 5 &ndash; [[Standard Oil of New Jersey]] is established.
* September 4 &ndash; [[Thomas Edison]] starts the U.S.'s first commercial electrical power plant, lighting one square mile of [[lower Manhattan]].<ref>In January he opened the [[Holborn Viaduct power station]] in London.</ref>
* September 5 &ndash; The first United States [[Labor Day]] parade is held in [[New York City]].
* September 30 &ndash; The [[Vulcan Street Plant]], the first [[hydroelectric]] central station to serve a system of private and commercial customers in North America, comes on stream in [[Appleton, Wisconsin]].
* September &ndash; Redpath's McGee Illustrated Weekly newspaper changes its name to ''[[Redpath's Illustrated Weekly]]''.<ref>[http://digital.library.villanova.edu/Catholica Collection/American Catholic Historical Society/Newspapers and Magazines/Redpath Weekly/RedpathWeekly-00001.xml "Redpath's Illustrated Weekly"], July 22, 1882.  Retrieved 2011-2-17.</ref>

===October–December===
* October 5 &ndash; The Society for Ethical Culture of [[Chicago]] (the modern-day Ethical Humanist Society of Chicago) is founded by [[Felix Adler (Society for Ethical Culture)|Felix Adler]].
* October 16 &ndash; The [[New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad]] ("Nickel Plate Road") runs its first trains over the entire system between [[Buffalo, New York]], and [[Chicago]]. Nine days later the [[Seney Syndicate]] sells the road to [[William Henry Vanderbilt]] for US$7.2 million.
* November 14 &ndash; [[Franklyn Leslie]] shoots [[Billy Claiborne]] dead in the streets of [[Tombstone, Arizona]].
* December 22 &ndash; First string of [[Christmas lights]] created by [[Thomas Edison]].

===Undated===
* [[Carolyn Merrick]] is elected president of the [[Woman's Christian Temperance Union]].

===Ongoing===
* [[Gilded Age]] (1869–c. 1896)
* [[Depression of 1882–85]] (1882–1885)

== Sport ==
*October 7 – The [[Chicago White Stockings (1870–89)|Chicago White Stockings]] even their series with the [[Cincinnati Red Stockings (AA)|Cincinnati Red Stockings]] with a 2–0 victory.  Cincinnati will drop out of the series under threats of expulsion by the [[American Association (19th century)|American Association]].
*December 6 – The [[National League (baseball)|National League]] formally admits the [[New York Gothams]] and the [[Philadelphia Quakers (NL)|Philadelphia Quakers]].

==Births==
[[File:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1936 june.jpg|thumb|125x125px|[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]]]
* January 6 &ndash; [[Sam Rayburn]], Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives (died [[1961 in the United States|1961]])
* January 12 &ndash; [[Milton Sills]], stage and film actor (died [[1930 in the United States|1930]])
* January 30 &ndash; [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], 32nd [[president of the United States]], served from 1933 to 1945 (died [[1945 in the United States|1945]])<ref>{{cite book|last= Burns |first= James MacGregor |year= 1956 |title= Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox |publisher= Easton Press |isbn= 978-0-15-678870-0 |url= https://archive.org/details/rooseveltliont00jame|page=7 }}</ref>
* February 8 &ndash; [[Thomas Selfridge]], United States Army officer, first person killed in airplane crash (died [[1908 in the United States|1908]])
* February 18 &ndash; [[Sonora Smart Dodd]], founder of Father's Day (died [[1978 in the United States|1978]])
* February 28 &ndash; [[Geraldine Farrar]], operatic soprano and film actress (died [[1967 in the United States|1967]])
* May 9 &ndash; [[George Barker (painter)|George Barker]], painter (died [[1965 in the United States|1965]])
* May 23 &ndash; [[James Gleason]], American actor, playwright, and screenwriter (died [[1959 in the United States|1959]])
* July 22 &ndash; [[Edward Hopper]], painter (died [[1967 in the United States|1967]])
* July 24 &ndash; [[Lynn Thorndike]], historian of medieval science and alchemy (died [[1965 in the United States|1965]])
* July 26 &ndash; [[Dixie Bibb Graves]], U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1937 to 1938 (died [[1965 in the United States|1965]])
* September 1 &ndash; [[Georgina Jones (tennis)|Georgina Jones]], American tennis player (died [[1955 in the United States|1955]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Olympedia – Georgina Jones |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/2735 |website=www.olympedia.org |access-date=20 July 2021}}</ref>
* September 12 &ndash; [[George L. Berry]], U.S. Senator from Tennessee from 1937 to 1938 (died [[1948 in the United States|1948]])
* October 5 &ndash; [[Robert Goddard (scientist)|Robert Goddard]], rocket scientist (died [[1945 in the United States|1945]])
* October 14 &ndash; [[Éamon de Valera]], third president of Ireland (died [[1975 in Ireland]])
* November 20 &ndash; [[Ethel May Halls]], actress (died [[1967 in the United States|1967]])
* November 29 &ndash; [[Cattle Annie]], outlaw with [[Little Britches (outlaw)|Little Britches]] (died [[1978 in the United States|1978]])

==Deaths==
* January 3 &ndash; [[Clement Claiborne Clay]], [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[Alabama]] from 1853 to 1862, [[Congress of the Confederate States|Confederate States Senator]] from [[Alabama]] from 1862 to 1864 (born [[1816 in the United States|1816]])
* January 30 &ndash; [[Henry Whitney Bellows]], clergyman of the Unitarian Church (born [[1814 in the United States|1814]])
* February 25 &ndash; [[James Bates (Maine politician)|James Bates]], [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Maine]] from 1831 to 1833 (born [[1789 in the United States|1789]])
* March 4 &ndash; [[Milton Latham]], U.S. Senator from California from 1860 to 1863 (born [[1827 in the United States|1827]])
* March 24 &ndash; [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]], poet and professor, dies of [[peritonitis]] in his [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] home (born [[1807 in the United States|1807]])
* April 27 &ndash; [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], essayist and poet (born [[1803 in the United States|1803]])
* June 30 &ndash; [[Charles Guiteau]], assassin of President James A. Garfield (hung) (born [[1841 in the United States|1841]])
* July 16 &ndash; [[Mary Todd Lincoln]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (born [[1818 in the United States|1818]])
* July 19 &ndash; [[George N. Stearns]], founder of [[E. C. Stearns & Company]] (born [[1812 in the United States|1812]])
* August 8 &ndash; [[Gouverneur K. Warren]], civil engineer and [[Union Army]] general in the [[American Civil War]] (born [[1830 in the United States|1830]])
* August 16 &ndash; [[Benjamin Harvey Hill]], U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1877 to 1882 (born [[1823 in the United States|1823]])
* September 27 &ndash; [[Fernando C. Beaman]], teacher, lawyer and politician from Michigan (born [[1814 in the United States|1814]])
* November 5 &ndash; [[Robert Woodward Barnwell]], U.S. Senator from South Carolina from 1862 to 1865 (born [[1801 in the United States|1801]])
* November 8 &ndash; [[Richard Arnold (general)|Richard Arnold]], [[Union Army]] brigadier general (born [[1828 in the United States|1828]])
* December 10 &ndash; [[Alexander Gardner (photographer)|Alexander Gardner]], Scottish-born Civil War photographer (born [[1821 in the United States|1821]])
* December 12 &ndash; [[Robert Morris (lawyer)|Robert Morris]], abolitionist and one of the first African American lawyers (born [[1823 in the United States|1823]])

==See also==
*[[Timeline of United States history (1860–1899)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline}}

{{US year nav}}
{{Timeline of United States history}}
{{Year in North America|1882}}

[[Category:1882 in the United States| ]]
[[Category:1880s in the United States]]
[[Category:1882 by country|United States]]
[[Category:1882 in North America|United States]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in the United States]]
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