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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|UK-related events during the year of 1884}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2013}}
{{Year in United Kingdom|1884 
|label1= Constituent countries of the United Kingdom
|data1 = [[1884 in England|England]] {{!}} [[1884 in Ireland|Ireland]] {{!}} [[1884 in Scotland|Scotland]] {{!}} [[1884 in Wales|Wales]]
|label2= Sport
|data2 = <div>
[[1884 English cricket season]]<br>
[[Football in the United Kingdom|Football]]: [[1883–84 in English football|England]]<br>
</div>
}}

Events from the year '''1884 in the United Kingdom'''.

==Incumbents==
* [[Monarch of the United Kingdom|Monarch]] – [[Queen Victoria|Victoria]]
* [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] – [[William Ewart Gladstone]] ([[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]])
* [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]] – [[List of MPs elected in the 1880 United Kingdom general election|22nd]]

==Events==
* 4 January – the [[Fabian Society]] is founded in [[London]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
* 5 January – [[Gilbert and Sullivan]]'s comic opera ''[[Princess Ida]]'' has its première at the [[Savoy Theatre]], London.
* 18 January – Dr [[William Price (doctor)|William Price]] attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, at [[Llantrisant]]. Later tried at Cardiff Assizes and acquitted on the grounds that [[cremation]] is not contrary to law, he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the U.K. in modern times) on 14 March.<ref>{{cite book|title=Blood and Mistletoe: The History of the Druids in Britain|author-link=Ronald Hutton|last=Hutton|first=Ronald|year=2009|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven|isbn=978-0-300-14485-7}}</ref>
* 26 January–29 March – the first [[British Home Championship]] is held between the Association football teams of [[England national football team|England]], [[Ireland national football team (IFA)|Ireland]], [[Scotland national football team|Scotland]] and [[Wales national football team|Wales]].
* 1 February – first fascicle of what will become the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' is published.<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/>
* 5 February – [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County Football Club]] is founded in England.
* 15 February – Emma Keyse is murdered and [[John 'Babbacombe' Lee]] is suspected.
* 26 February – [[Fenian dynamite campaign]]: A bomb explodes in the left-luggage office at [[London Victoria station]]; bombs left at other London railway stations are defused.<ref name=Porter>{{cite book|last=Porter|first=Bernard|title=The Origins of the Vigilant State: the London Metropolitan Police Special Branch before the First World War|edition=Repr.|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|location=Woodbridge|year=1991|isbn=085115283X}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NnzzDQAAQBAJ&q=fenian+dynamite+campaign+rebels|title=War in the Shadows: the Irish-American Fenians who bombed Victorian Britain|first=Shane|last=Kenna|location=Sallins|publisher=Merrion|year=2014|isbn=9781908928054}}</ref>
* 3 March – sisters Catherine Flannagan and Margaret Higgins, the "[[Black Widows of Liverpool]]", are [[hanged]] for poisoning Higgins' husband for an insurance payout; they are suspected of at least four other similar murders.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/liverpool-murders/2010/01/07/mersey-murders-black-widows-margaret-higgins-and-catherine-flannagan-100252-25541424/|title=Black widows Margaret Higgins and Catherine Flannagan|author=Rossington|first=Ben|date=2010-01-07|work=[[The Liverpool Echo]]|access-date=2023-12-17}}</ref>
* 13 March – the [[Siege of Khartoum]] begins in the [[Mahdist War]]: General [[Charles George Gordon|Charles Gordon]] is besieged in the [[Sudan]].<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=309–310|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
* 22 April – [[1884 Colchester earthquake|Colchester earthquake]]: four die in the UK's most destructive earthquake.
* 29 May – [[Oscar Wilde]] marries [[Constance Lloyd]] in London.
* 30 May – [[Fenian dynamite campaign]]: Three bombs explode in London: at the headquarters of the [[Criminal Investigation Department]] and the [[Metropolitan Police Service]]'s [[Special Branch (Metropolitan Police)|Special Irish Branch]]; in the basement of the [[Carlton Club]] (a [[gentlemen's club]] frequented by members of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]); and outside the home of Conservative MP [[Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 6th Baronet|Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn]]; ten people are injured. A fourth bomb planted at the foot of [[Nelson's Column]] fails to explode.<ref name=Porter/>
* 1 July – [[First International Forestry Exhibition]] opens in Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Forestry Exhibition|newspaper=[[The Morning Post]]|location=London|date=1884-07-02|page=3}}</ref>
* 8 July – the [[NSPCC]] is founded as the London Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/><ref>{{cite web|title=About the NSPCC|url=http://www.nspcc.org.uk/whatwedo/aboutthenspcc/aboutthenspcc_wda36522.html|access-date=2007-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070921160731/http://www.nspcc.org.uk/WhatWeDo/AboutTheNSPCC/aboutthenspcc_wda36522.html|archive-date=2007-09-21|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 16 July – a locomotive axle failure causes the [[Penistone rail accidents#Bullhouse Bridge accident, 1884|derailment of an express passenger train]] from Manchester for London at [[Penistone]]; twenty-four passengers are killed.<ref>{{cite news |title=Terrible Railway Accident. 24 Killed: 40 Injured |work=The Cornishman |issue=314 |date=24 July 1884 |page=7}}</ref>
* 22 September – {{HMS|Wasp|1880}} is wrecked on [[Tory Island]], [[County Donegal]], with the loss of 52 lives and only 6 survivors.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Disaster Off Tory Island|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/6926309/the_wreck_of_the_wasp/|accessdate=2016-10-07|work=[[Belfast Morning News]]|date=25 September 1884|page=8|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
* 28 September – the [[Marks & Spencer]] department store chain starts life as [[Michael Marks]]’ market stall in [[Leeds Kirkgate Market]], [[Yorkshire]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Beginning|url=http://marksintime.marksandspencer.com/Low/Era/TheBeginning|work=Marks in Time|publisher=Marks & Spencer Company Archive|access-date=2011-08-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/BUmarks.htm |title=Michael Marks |work=Spartacus |access-date=2010-07-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605081542/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/BUmarks.htm |archive-date=5 June 2011 }}</ref>
* 13 October – [[International Meridian Conference]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] fixes the [[Greenwich meridian]] as the world's prime meridian.<ref name="Pocket On This Day"/>
* 18 October – [[Bangor University|University College of North Wales, Bangor]] founded.
* 1 November – [[Leicester City F.C.]] play their first match, as Leicester Fosse Football Club.
* 2 November – the "[[Home Office Baby]]" is delivered to the [[Home Office]].
* 2 November – fourteen people are killed when some of the audience at the Star Theatre, Glasgow, panics following a false fire alarm.<ref>{{cite news |title=Terrible Panic in a Glasgow Theatre |work=The Cornishman |issue=329 |date=6 November 1884 |page=7}}</ref>
* 4 December – [[Tom Dudley]] and Edwin Stephens are convicted of [[murder]] in the survival [[cannibalism]] case of ''[[R v. Dudley and Stephens]]''.
* 6 December – [[Representation of the People Act 1884|Representation of the People Act]] ("Third Reform Act") extends the franchise uniformly across the U.K. to all male tenants paying a £10 rental or occupying land to that value, and restricts multiple voting.<ref name=CBH/>
* 9 December – Dudley and Stephens receive the mandatory [[death penalty]] with a recommendation for [[clemency]] and on 13 December are told that their penalties have been commuted to six months' [[imprisonment]].

==Publications==
* ''[[Oxford English Dictionary|A New English Dictionary on historical principles]], part 1'', edited by [[James Murray (lexicographer)|James A. H. Murray]].
* [[Arthur Conan Doyle]]'s (anonymous) story based on the disappearance of the ''[[Mary Celeste]]'', "[[J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement]]" (''[[Cornhill Magazine]]'', January).
* [[Arnold Toynbee (historian, born 1852)|Arnold Toynbee]]'s lectures (collected posthumously) ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182004/http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/toynbee/indrev Lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England]''.

==Births==
* 18 January – [[Arthur Ransome]], children's author and journalist (died 1967)
* 10 February – [[Frederick Hawksworth]], mechanical engineer (died 1976)
* 12 February – [[Norman Jewson]], Arts and Crafts architect (died 1975)
* 19 February – [[Clement Davies]], Welsh politician, leader of the Liberal Party (died 1962)
* 6 March – [[R. Williams Parry]], Welsh poet (died 1956)
* 13 March – Sir [[Hugh Walpole]], novelist (died 1941)
* 1 April – [[J. C. Squire]], writer and critic (died 1958)
* 10 May – [[Olga Petrova]], English-born actress (died 1977)
* 5 June – [[Ivy Compton-Burnett]], novelist (died 1969)
* 13 June – [[Gerald Gardner]], founder of the Wiccan religion (died 1964)
* 21 June
** [[Claude Auchinleck]], field marshal (died 1981)
** [[Gordon Lowe]], British tennis player (died 1972)
* 29 June
** [[William Whitworth (Royal Navy officer)|William Whitworth]], admiral (died 1973)
** [[Francis Brett Young]], novelist (died 1954)
* 19 July 
** [[Maurice Nicoll]], psychiatrist (died 1953)
** [[Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Charles Edward, Duke of Albany]], grandson of Queen Victoria (died 1954)
* 23 July – [[Dilly Knox]], cryptanalyst (died 1943)
* 10 August – [[Douglas Macmillan]], founder of Macmillan Cancer Support (died 1969)
* 6 October – [[MacDonald Gill]], designer (died 1947)
* 18 October – [[Manny Shinwell]], politician (died 1986)
* 24 November – [[Frank Foley]], Secret Intelligence Service officer and humanitarian (died 1958)
* 25 November – [[Alexander Cadogan]], diplomat (died 1968)
* 17 December – [[Alison Uttley]], children's writer (died 1976)
* 19 December – [[Stanley Unwin (publisher)|Stanley Unwin]], publisher (died 1968)

==Deaths==
* 8 January – [[Eugenius Birch]], pier engineer (born 1818)
* 4 February –  [[Lord Edward Thynne]], politician and aristocrat (born 1807)
* 8 February – [[Montagu Bertie, 6th Earl of Abingdon]], politician and aristocrat (born 1808)
* 11 February – [[John Hutton Balfour]], botanist (born 1808)
* 17 February – [[Charles Stuart Calverley]], poet and wit (born 1831)
* 1 March – [[Isaac Todhunter]], mathematician (born 1820)
* 10 March – [[William Blanchard Jerrold]], journalist (born 1826)
* 28 March – [[Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany]], member of the royal family (born 1853)
* 1 April – [[Marie Litton]], actress (born 1847)
* 5 April – [[John Wisden]], cricketer, creator of ''[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack]]'' (born 1826)
* 11 April – [[Charles Reade]], novelist (born 1814)
* 29 April – Sir [[Michael Costa (conductor)|Michael Costa]], conductor (born 1808 in Italy)
* 29 May – Sir [[Henry Bartle Frere]], colonial administrator (born 1815)
* 15 July – [[Henry Wellesley, 1st Earl Cowley]], diplomat (born 1804)
* 23 July – [[Anna Mary Howitt]], writer, painter and feminist (born 1822)
* 6 August – [[Robert Spear Hudson]], English businessman and philanthropist (born 1812)
* 10 September – [[George Bentham]], botanist (born 1800)
* 6 November
** [[Henry Fawcett]], statesman, economist and Postmaster General (born 1833)
** [[George Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry]], industrialist (born 1884)
* 3 December – [[Jane C. Bonar]], Scottish hymnwriter (born 1821)
* 4 December – [[Alice Mary Smith]], composer (born 1839)
* 20 December – [[William Lindsay Alexander]], church leader (born 1808)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{UK year nav}}
{{Year in Europe|1884}}

[[Category:1884 in the United Kingdom| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1884 by country]]
[[Category:1880s in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1884 in Europe]]
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