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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{short description|Costume and fashion of the 1990s}}
[[File:Dejan Stojanovic, Chicago, 1994.jpg|thumb|Example of 1990s men's and women's fashion, 1994]]
[[File:Republica live at San Antonio, TX in Dec 1996.jpg|thumb|[[Bob cut]]s were favored by women. (''[[Saffron (singer)|Saffron]], 1996'')]]
'''Fashion in the 1990s''' was defined by a return to [[minimalism|minimalist]] [[fashion]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mower |first=Sarah |date=2010-09-09 |title=The return to 1990s minimalist fashion - Telegraph |url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG7977307/The-return-to-1990s-minimalist-fashion.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=fashion.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> in contrast to the more elaborate and flashy [[1980s in fashion|trends of the 1980s]]. One notable shift was the mainstream adoption of [[tattoo]]s,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.badfads.com/pages/fashion/tattoos.html |title=Bad fads: Tattoos |access-date=2011-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128054116/http://www.badfads.com/pages/fashion/tattoos.html |archive-date=2011-11-28 }}</ref> [[body piercing]]s aside from [[ear piercing]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.englisharticles.info/2011/04/14/body-piercing-and-tattoos/ |title=Body piercings and Tattoos |access-date=2011-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120424042506/http://www.englisharticles.info/2011/04/14/body-piercing-and-tattoos/ |archive-date=2012-04-24 }}</ref> and, to a much lesser extent, other forms of [[body modification]] such as [[Human branding|branding]].

In the early 1990s, several late 1980s fashions remained very stylish among both sexes. However, the popularity of [[grunge]] and [[alternative rock]] music helped bring the simple, unkempt grunge look to the mainstream by that period. This approach to fashion led to the popularization of the [[casual chic]] look that included [[T-shirt]]s, [[jeans]], [[hoodie]]s, and [[sneakers]], a trend which continued into the 2000s. Additionally, fashion trends throughout the decade recycled styles from previous decades,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Evans |first1=Caroline |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w9Uu3CzAllEC&q=1990s+recycle+historicism&pg=PA20 |title=Christo and Jeanne-Claude: On the Way to The Gates, Central Park, New York City |last2=Fineberg |first2=Jonathan David |date=2004 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-10138-6 |language=en}}</ref> notably the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s.

The 1990s is a time when fashion began to be valued as an intellectual form.<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369765904_Vasileva_EV_2018_Deconstruction_and_Fashion_Order_and_Disorder_Fashion_Theory_The_Journal_of_Dress_Body_and_Culture_no_4_50_pp_58-79 Vasileva E.V. (2018) Deconstruction and Fashion: Order and Disorder] // Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body and Culture, no. 4 (50), pp. 58–79.</ref> During this period, [[alternative fashion]] strategies become part of the commercial format.<ref>Mendes V. de La Hay A. 20th Century Fashion. London: Thames and Hudson, 1999.</ref>  Resistance to generally accepted [[fashion]] trends became one of the basic principles of fashion in the 1990s.<ref>Wilcox C. Radical Fashion. [Exhibition catalogue]. London: V & A Publications, 2001.</ref> Elements of [[Deconstruction (fashion)|deconstruction]] in costume are becoming an important element of commercial fashion.<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369765904_Vasileva_EV_2018_Deconstruction_and_Fashion_Order_and_Disorder_Fashion_Theory_The_Journal_of_Dress_Body_and_Culture_no_4_50_pp_58-79 Vasileva E.V. (2018)Deconstruction and Fashion: Order and Disorder] // Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body and Culture, no. 4 (50), pp. 58–79.</ref>

Due to increased availability of the Internet<ref>[http://insights.popsugar.com/Globalization-Fashion-Online-Offline-35577694 Popsugar insights]</ref> and satellite television outside the United States, plus the reduction of import tariffs under [[NAFTA]], fashion became more globalized<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rabine |first=Leslie W. |title=Globalization and the Fashion Industry |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/globalization-fashion-industry |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref> and homogeneous in the late 1990s<ref>[http://angelasancartier.net/globalization Globalisation of fashion]</ref> and early 2000s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Fashion: A Window into Globalization {{!}} Global Currents |url=http://publish.illinois.edu/globalcurrents/2015/05/19/global-fashion-a-window-into-globalization/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Molloy |first1=Maureen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8fkJKdkDRuQC&pg=RA3-PA2001-IA1 |title=Fashioning Globalisation: New Zealand Design, Working Women and the Cultural Economy |last2=Larner |first2=Wendy |date=2013-06-20 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-118-29576-2 |language=en}}</ref>

==Women's fashion==

=== Early 1990s (1990–1992) ===
[[File:Paula Abdul (2105865065).jpg|thumb|right|165px|Actress [[Paula Abdul]] wearing semi-transparent black dress, curled hair and smoky eye makeup, 1990.]]
[[File:Napoleon Avenue 1992 BH.jpg|thumb|right|165px|Young woman standing on sidewalk, Uptown New Orleans, 1992.]]

====Supermodels and high fashion====
* Throughout the 1990s, [[supermodel]]s dominated the fashion industry.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ulubay |first=Katie Attardo published Contributions from Gabrielle |date=2022-04-25 |title=The Supermodels Who Ruled the '90s |url=https://www.marieclaire.com/fashion/g2173/supermodels-of-the-90s/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Marie Claire Magazine |language=en}}</ref> The top models of the 1990s were [[Nadja Auermann]], [[Tyra Banks]], [[Christie Brinkley]], [[Carla Bruni]], [[Naomi Campbell]], [[Helena Christensen]], [[Cindy Crawford]], [[Karen Elson]], [[Linda Evangelista]], [[Yasmeen Ghauri]], [[Bridget Hall]], [[Shalom Harlow]], [[Eva Herzigova]], [[Michele Hicks]], [[Kirsty Hume]], [[Milla Jovovich]], [[Yasmin Le Bon]], [[Audrey Marnay]], [[Kristen McMenamy]], [[Kate Moss]], [[Karen Mulder]], [[Carolyn Murphy]], [[Nadège du Bospertus|Nadège]], [[Erin O'Connor]], [[Kirsten Owen]], [[Tatjana Patitz]], [[Maggie Rizer]], [[Claudia Schiffer]], [[Stephanie Seymour]], [[Tatiana Sorokko]], [[Stella Tennant]], [[Christy Turlington]], [[Amber Valletta]], [[Guinevere Van Seenus]], [[Alek Wek]], and [[Amy Wesson]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-16 |title=The 15 Sexiest Supermodels of the 1990s - Maxim |url=https://www.maxim.com/women/15-sexiest-supermodels-1990s-post/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=maxim.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*One of the most influential group of models during the early 1990s was the Big Five, whose fame and social power allegedly surpassed that of many movie stars. The Big Five consisted of supermodels Naomi Campbell, Cindy Crawford, Christy Turlington, Linda Evangelista and Tatjana Patitz. Whether booked as individuals or as an elite group, each supermodel gained worldwide success and had great influence on the fashion industry. Naomi Campbell was the first black woman to grace the cover of French ''Vogue'', ''Time'', and American ''Vogue'''s September issue. Cindy Crawford was the highest paid model on the planet in 1995 per Forbes. Christy Turlington was known for being a reliable model who garnered over 500 covers during her career and most notably, signed a contract with [[Maybelline]] for an annual fee of $800,000 for twelve days' work. Linda Evangelista was known as the industry's "chameleon" for her ability to suit a multitude of styles. Evangelista also infamously coined the phrase, "We don't wake up for less than $10,000 a day." Tatjana Patitz, the last of the Big Five, continues to be regarded as one of the "original supermodels" and even after her retirement, she remains in demand periodically by such designer houses as [[Jean-Paul Gaultier]] and Chanel. Later in the decade, Tatjana was replaced in the Big Five by supermodel Claudia Schiffer, who is one of the most successful supermodels in the world, holding the record for the most magazine covers according to [[The Guinness Book of World Records]].{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}
*Later in the decade, the rise of [[Kate Moss]] shifted the world of fashion when her entrance onto the scene turned the Big Five into the Big Six. Kate Moss became one of the Nineties' biggest phenomena when, at 14 years of age, she was discovered at [[JFK Airport]]. Her waif-like figure set a new fashion standard that became known as "[[heroin chic]]." This was a pale and ghostly look that called for a stick-thin stature and size zero body. Due to Kate's extremely skinny frame, she was often criticized for allegedly promoting [[eating disorder]]s as apparently evidenced by her shots for [[Calvin Klein]]. Reportedly, posters of Kate Moss were often defaced with graffiti that read "feed me".<ref>{{cite book|last=Steele|first=Valerie|title=Fifty years of fashion: new look to now|date=1997|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven|isbn=0-300-07132-9|edition=2. pr.}}</ref>
*For the 1994 Autumn/Winter issue of [[Arena Homme +]], a spin-off of the bi-monthly [[Arena (magazine)]], master fashion photographer [[Albert Watson (photographer)|Albert Watson]] photographed a new generation of top male models of the era, including [[Tyson Beckford]], [[Tim Boyce]] and [[Marcus Schenkenberg]] for the two-page fold-out cover proclaiming "High Five the New Supermodel Army - Malcom Tim, Marcus, In 1995 Gregg and Larry photographed by Albert Watson".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Worthington |first1=Christa |title=FASHION / Time for the men to try it: Are these the new supermodels? Can they achieve parity with their female counterparts? Yes, if men's magazines have anything to do with it. |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/fashion-time-for-the-men-to-try-it-are-these-the-new-supermodels-can-they-achieve-parity-with-their-1446630.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/fashion-time-for-the-men-to-try-it-are-these-the-new-supermodels-can-they-achieve-parity-with-their-1446630.html |archive-date=2022-05-01 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=3 August 2020 |agency=INDEPENDENT Limited |date=4 September 1994}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

====Neon colors====
* In the US, [[Soviet fashion|USSR]],<ref name="90s Russian fashion">{{Cite web |last1=Fedorova |first1=Inna |last2=RBTH |first2=special to |date=2014-04-08 |title=The heady style of the heady 1990s |url=https://www.rbth.com/arts/2014/04/08/getting_it_right_and_getting_it_wrong_the_heady_style_of_the_heady_1990s_35759.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Russia Beyond |language=en-US}}</ref> [[African fashion|South Africa]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rovine |first=Victoria L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pdoMBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA198 |title=African Fashion, Global Style: Histories, Innovations, and Ideas You Can Wear |date=2015-01-12 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-01413-9 |language=en}}</ref> Egypt, and Japan popular trends included bold geometric-print clothing in [[electric blue (color)|electric blue]], orange, fluorescent pink, purple, turquoise<ref>[https://archive.org/details/pinkbluetellingb0000paol/page/95 <!-- quote=1990s neon clothing. --> Pink and Blue]</ref> and the acid green exercise wear<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-07-23 |title=What's in a Trainer's Gym Bag? |url=https://www.acefitness.org/resources/everyone/blog/3430/what-s-in-a-trainer-s-gym-bag/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=acefitness.org |language=en}}</ref> popularized by [[Lisa Lopes]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kardes |first1=Frank |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A-fKAgAAQBAJ&q=1990s+neon+clothing&pg=PA397 |title=Consumer Behavior |last2=Cronley |first2=Maria |last3=Cline |first3=Thomas |date=2014-01-01 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1-305-16168-9 |language=en}}</ref> of [[TLC (group)|TLC]]. Typical patterns included triangles, [[zigzag]] lightning bolts, diamonds, lozenges, rectangles, overlapping free-form shapes, simulated explosions inspired by comic book illustrations or [[pop art]], intricate grids,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kci.or.jp/archives/digital_archives/detail_286_e.html |title=1990s collection |access-date=2015-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913122634/http://www.kci.or.jp/archives/digital_archives/detail_286_e.html |archive-date=2015-09-13 }}</ref> and clusters of thin parallel lines in contrasting colors (for example, white, black and yellow on a cyan background). Many women wore denim button-down [[Western shirt]]s, colored [[jeans]] in medium and dark green, red, and purple, metallic [[Spandex]] leggings, halterneck [[crop top]]s, [[drainpipe jeans]], colored tights, bike shorts, black [[leather jacket]]s with shoulder pads, high waisted ankle length jeans (aka mom jeans) and pants both styled plain or pleated, baby-doll dresses over bike shorts or capri leggings, and skater dresses. Neon colored tops and [[leg warmers]] were popular, together with leopard print skirts<ref>[http://www.fashionbeans.com/2012/trending-era-the-90s/ Fashion Beans]</ref> shiny satin or rayon blouses, embroidered jeans covered in rhinestones,<ref name="90s Russian fashion"/> and black or white shirts, leggings and jackets printed with abstract red, blue, yellow and green geometric patterns. In America, popular accessories included [[court shoes]], [[cowboy boot]]s, [[headscarves]], [[slouch socks]], [[Keds]], ballet flats, and the [[penny loafers]] or [[boat shoes]] associated with the [[preppy]] look.

====Leggings and exercise-wear====
* From 1991 on, [[sports bra]]s, [[hoodies]], [[Overalls|shortalls]], [[leotards]] and [[bodysuit]]s worn as tops with jeans, a sweatshirt over a turtleneck with jeans rolled up to show off their [[slouch socks]] were popular with young girls, teens, college girls, and young women in the UK and Europe. A common outfit was to wear a skirt, dress shorts, [[babydoll]] or [[minidress]] with black opaque [[tights]]. It was not uncommon to see mothers dressed right along with their daughters in white slouch socks worn over black [[leggings]] or sweatpants, an oversized T-shirt, sweater or sweatshirt worn over a turtleneck, and Keds, [[Converse (shoe company)|Converse]] All Stars, or unisex aerobic, basketball or [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]] Air or gold [[Reebok]] hi-top running shoes.<ref name=":1"/> A dressed up leggings outfit was leggings with an oversized v-neck sweater over a turtleneck, slouch socks, Keds or [[Sperry Top-Sider]] boat shoes, and [[Bangs (hair)|bangs]] with a [[headband]] or [[ponytail]] and [[scrunchie]]. Leggings especially stirrup leggings worn over pantyhose or tights with a pair of [[Ballet flat|flats]] and oversized tops were also common. Leggings and slouch socks with oversized tops and casual sneakers especially Keds continued to be worn as lounge wear and everyday comfortable and fashionable casual wear until the late 1990s. In [[Israeli fashion|Israel]], Britain and the US, [[Gottex]] [[swimsuit]]s became popular among female celebrities [[Diana, Princess of Wales]], [[Brooke Shields]], and [[Elizabeth Taylor]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/doc/281980119.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr%2023,%201993&author=ANDREA%20HEIMAN&pub=Los%20Angeles%20Times%20(pre-1997%20Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=&desc=Good%20Gottex!%20Women%20Seeking%20Bold,%20Slimming%20Swimwear%20Make%20Israeli%20Company%20No.%201%20in%20America |title=Gottex Swimsuit |access-date=2017-07-05 |archive-date=2017-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040933/https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/doc/281980119.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr%2023,%201993&author=ANDREA%20HEIMAN&pub=Los%20Angeles%20Times%20(pre-1997%20Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=&desc=Good%20Gottex!%20Women%20Seeking%20Bold,%20Slimming%20Swimwear%20Make%20Israeli%20Company%20No.%201%20in%20America }}</ref>

====Grunge====
* In mid-1992, [[grunge fashion]] broke into the mainstream for both sexes. For younger American, Australian and Latina women, it consisted of flannel shirts, ripped jeans, hip hugger bell bottoms, wide leg jeans, [[Overalls|shortalls]], [[Doc Martens]], combat boots, band [[t-shirt]]s, small fitted [[sweater]]s, cap sleeved shirts, long and droopy skirts, ripped tights, [[Birkenstocks]], hiking boots,<ref name="1990sTrends">{{cite web|url=http://www.retrowaste.com/1990s/fashion-in-the-1990s/ |title=Fashion in the 1990s |access-date=9 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-04 |title=Must have; Embroidered Jeans.(Features) - Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland) {{!}} HighBeam Research |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60512081.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104232722/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60512081.html |archive-date=2012-11-04 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/smgpubs/access/60187503.html?dids=60187503:60187503&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+25%2C+1998&author=John+Davidson&pub=The+Herald&desc=gypsy+rose&pqatl=google |title=Gypsy Rose |access-date=2017-07-05 |archive-date=2012-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107202326/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/smgpubs/access/60187503.html?dids=60187503:60187503&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+25%2C+1998&author=John+Davidson&pub=The+Herald&desc=gypsy+rose&pqatl=google |url-status=dead }}</ref> and [[Environmentally friendly|eco-friendly]] clothing made from recycled textiles or [[fair trade]] organic cotton.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Muthu |first=Subramanian Senthilkannan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CqnIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA154 |title=Roadmap to Sustainable Textiles and Clothing: Eco-friendly Raw Materials, Technologies, and Processing Methods |date=2014-06-02 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-981-287-065-0 |language=en}}</ref> A prominent example of the popularity of grunge fashion is the teen drama television series "[[My So Called Life]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1998/may/31/entertainment/ca-54992 |title= The Rise and Fall of Grunge |website= [[Los Angeles Times]] |date= 31 May 1998 |access-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref> Grunge fashion peaked in late 1993 and early 1994.<ref name="1990sTrends"/><ref name="1994InReview">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/171387/Fashion-and-Dress-Year-In-Review-1994 |title=Fashion and Dress: Year In Review 1994 |access-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref><ref name="HitsNMisses94">{{cite web |url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1994-12-30/lifestyle/9412280708_1_short-skirts-dresses-and-skirts-slip-dresses |title=1994 Fashion Hits & Misses |access-date=March 17, 2015 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110707/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1994-12-30/lifestyle/9412280708_1_short-skirts-dresses-and-skirts-slip-dresses |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Mid 1990s (1993–1996) ===

====Glamour wear====
[[File:Jane Leeves (1995).jpg|thumb|right|215px|[[Slip dress]]es first became widely worn in the mid-1990s, as part of the [[underwear-as-outerwear]] trend. (''[[Jane Leeves]], 1995'')]]
* In 1994, grunge clothing rapidly declined as fashion became more feminine and form-fitting. Young women in the UK and America wore tailored skirt and trouser suits, [[miniskirt|short skirts and dresses]], baby doll dresses, skater dresses, animal prints, [[hot pants]],<ref name="1995FashionReview">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/171386/Fashions-Year-In-Review-1995 Fashions: Year In Review 1995 (accessed 9 May 2014)]</ref> [[skinny jeans|slim pants]], low waisted bell bottoms, wide leg jeans and pants,  [[maxi dress|long]] and [[miniskirt|short skirts]], and high heels.<ref name="1995FashionTrends">{{cite web|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1995-12-28/features/1995362131_1_fashion-houses-dressing-martha-stewart |title=Shopping the Trends: Fashion: Another look at 1995, a year that threw the kitchen sink at the trend watchers. |date=28 December 1995 |access-date=9 May 2014}}</ref> High-shine fabrics, such as [[satin]], [[metallic color|metallics]], [[sequin]]s, [[microfiber]], [[PVC clothing|vinyl]], and [[silk]] became very prominent on both [[clubwear]] and [[work wear]].<ref name="1990sTrends" /><ref name="1994InReview" /><ref name="HitsNMisses94" /> The most common look among young women that year was the short black [[slip dress]] worn over a tight, undersized white T-shirt.<ref name="1994InReview" /> Loungewear generally consisted of black [[Lycra]] [[leggings]] or bike shorts,<ref name="1996FashionReview">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/171385/Fashions-Year-In-Review-1996 |title=Fashions: Year In Review 1996 |access-date=7 June 2014}}</ref> large [[T-shirt]]s, oversized [[sweatshirt]]s, [[turtleneck]]s, and baggy [[sweater]]s, slouch socks, Keds, white Sperry sneakers or athletic sneakers and hair in bangs and a ponytail with a scrunchie while at home running errands, at kids sporting events or other clubs and activities or relaxing during the weekends.<ref name="1990sTrends" />
* A very popular look among young women from 1994 to 1995<ref name="HitsNMisses94" /> was the "sexy school girl" look. This trend consisted of [[tartan]] [[miniskirt|minikilts]], sometimes with bike shorts underneath, undersized sweaters, short slip dresses, [[crop top|baby doll tees]], [[knee highs]], pulled all the way up or rolled or folded at the top, [[hold-ups|thigh highs]], miniature backpacks, [[overalls]], [[tights]], [[pantyhose]], shirts and dresses with peter pan style collars and chunky shoes, mary janes, [[ballet flat]]s, or boat shoes. Hair was down parted in the middle, or worn short and stacked in the back (stacked bob).<ref name="HitsNMisses94" /><ref name="Mid90sBackToSchool">{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/briangalindo/the-11-most-essential-mid-90s-back-to-school-teen-girls-fash |title=The 11 Most Essential Mid '90s Back-To-School Teen Girls Fashion |website=[[BuzzFeed]] |date=2 September 2014 |access-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref> The sexy school girl look was prominently portrayed in films with female leads such as ''[[Clueless (film)|Clueless]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/1/0 |title=Clueless |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/1/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefashionspot.com/style-trends/101950-cher-from-clueless-90s-style-icon/ |title=Cher from Clueless:90's Style Icon |date=29 June 2010 |access-date=26 May 2014}}</ref> ''[[Empire Records]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gurl.com/2013/09/30/favorite-style-iconic-outfits-from-90s-movies/#1 |title=Corey In Empire Records |access-date=March 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326183040/http://www.gurl.com/2013/09/30/favorite-style-iconic-outfits-from-90s-movies/#1 |archive-date=March 26, 2015 }}</ref> and ''[[The Craft (film)|The Craft]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gurl.com/2013/09/30/favorite-style-iconic-outfits-from-90s-movies/#5 |title=The Ladies From The Craft |access-date=March 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326183040/http://www.gurl.com/2013/09/30/favorite-style-iconic-outfits-from-90s-movies/#5 |archive-date=March 26, 2015 }}</ref>
* Among women over 30, 1950s ladylike fashions made a comeback in the United States. This included [[pencil skirt]]s, [[cardigan (sweater)|cardigan]]s, [[girdle]]s, [[petticoat]]s, satin or lace [[Wonderbra]] lingerie, and fitted suits.<ref name="90sAmerica50sFantasy">{{cite web|url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/1995/mar/02/90s-america-trying-so-hard-to-recreate-its/ |title='90s America Trying So Hard To Recreate Its Fantasy Of The '50s From TV To Fashion, Nation Embracing Ideas It Perceives As Representing A Simpler Time, Trend Watchers Say |access-date=26 May 2014}}</ref> Popular accessories that went hand-in-hand with this revival included [[brooch]]es, white gloves, sheer [[stocking]]s, [[diamond]]s, sequins, and red lipstick.<ref name="90sAmerica50sFantasy" /> For more casual occasions, women opted for lean [[capri pants]],<ref name="1995FashionTrends" /> [[polka dot]] blouses, belted [[trench coat]]s, 1940s style sandals, white canvas shoes especially Keds, leggings with oversized tops, slouch socks with leggings, stirrup leggings worn over tights or pantyhose with flats and an oversized top, rolled jeans or khakis or shorts or shortalls, [[Overalls|shortalls]], bell bottoms and wide leg jeans, sweaters, sweatshirts, tunic tops, shorts suit with dress shorts with tights underneath, [[ballet flats]] and a top and jacket, above the knee dresses sometimes worn with bike shorts underneath <ref name="1995FashionReview" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=1990-12-05|title=FASHION : The Midlife Mode: Something About Turning 40 Makes Women Question The Way They Dress|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-12-05-vw-5511-story.html|access-date=2021-03-25|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Popular shoes and accessories during the mid-1990s in Europe and North America included [[loafer]]s, [[Mary Janes]],<ref name="HitsNMisses94" /> [[suede]] sneakers,<ref name="1994InReview" /> [[mule (shoe)|mules]], [[clog]]s,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/leonoraepstein/the-22-ugliest-examples-of-90s-footwear-to-ever-meet-your-ey |title=The 22 Ugliest Examples Of '90s Footwear to Ever Meet Your Eyes |website=[[BuzzFeed]] |date=5 March 2013 |access-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref> [[knee high boots]],<ref name="1996FashionReview" /> [[jelly shoe]]s, [[go-go boot]]s,<ref name="1995FashionReview" /><ref name="Mid90sBackToSchool" /> black [[court shoe]]s, [[Keds]], [[ballet flat]]s, sperrys and other boat shoes, silver jewelry, dainty earrings and necklaces,<ref name="HitsNMisses94" /> [[conch shell]] necklaces, [[beret]]s, [[straw hat]]s, floppy hats, gold jewelry, and hipster belts.<ref name="1995FashionReview" /> [[Navel piercings]] had started to gain popularity around this time.

====Work wear====
*For much of the early and mid 1990s, [[power dressing]] was the norm for women in the workplace:<ref>{{Cite web |last=Turk |first=Rose-Marie |date=1992-06-05 |title=Strict Dress Codes Are Alive, Well in Laid-Back L.A. : Fashion: Dressing for success is still the norm in corporate America. Disney spells out the rules. IBM's are unspoken. Job counselors say in a recession, flamboyance is risky business. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-06-05-vw-646-story.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> navy blue, grey or pastel colored skirt suits with [[shoulder pad (fashion)|shoulder pad]]s,<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2815859.stm Dressing for success]</ref> [[pussy bow]] blouses, silk scarves, pointed shoes, stretchy [[miniskirt]]s,<ref>[http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-14_u-189_t-510_c-1893/fashion-in-the-1990s/nsw/fashion-in-the-1990s/australia-s-social-and-cultural-history-in-the-post-war-period/social-and-cultural-features-of-the-1990s 1990s Fashion in Australia]</ref> [[polka dot]] blouses, and brightly colored short dresses worn with a dark [[brocade]] blazer, [[bare legs]] and metallic open toed shoes. Other [[1980s fashion]]s such as chunky jewelry, gold [[hoop earrings]] with horn of life pendants, smoky eye make-up, hairspray, [[Alice band]]s,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Walsh |first=Alyson |date=2015-04-15 |title=The Hillary Clinton look: power hair, pantsuits and practicality |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/apr/15/the-hillary-clinton-look-power-hair-pantsuits-and-practicality |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and brightly painted nails remained common. Shorts suits were also very popular. They consisted of a regular suit top and jacket and dress shorts with tights underneath worn with [[ballet flats]]. Also stirrup leggings worn over tights or pantyhose with flats and an oversized top.
*By 1996, professional women in Britain, Australia and America wore more relaxed styles and muted colors,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fcs.uga.edu/tmi/historic-clothing-and-textile-collection-the-collection-1990s |title=University of Georgia |access-date=2015-08-15 |archive-date=2015-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602101612/http://www.fcs.uga.edu/tmi/historic-clothing-and-textile-collection-the-collection-1990s }}</ref> such as black floral print dresses, plain [[kaftan]] style blouses, [[Mary Jane (shoe)|Mary Janes]], maxi skirts, knee length dresses, boots, smart jeans, big floppy hats, [[culottes]], [[capri pants]] and chunky [[platform shoes]]. [[Trouser suit]]s began to replace skirts,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://excelle.monster.com/news/articles/5278-womens-work-wardrobes-through-the-decades?print=true |title=Work wardrobes through the decades |access-date=2015-08-15 |archive-date=2015-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920062240/http://excelle.monster.com/news/articles/5278-womens-work-wardrobes-through-the-decades?print=true }}</ref> black or white tights and nude [[pantyhose]] made a comeback.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damhorst |first=Mary Lynn |title=Casual Business Dress |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/casual-business-dress |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref>

=== Late 1990s (1997–1999) ===

====Asian influences====
[[File:India (Bengal), woman's costume, 1990s - Bunka Gakuen Costume Museum - DSC05303.JPG|thumb|right|Red and cream Indian woman's saree, late 1990s]]
*Beginning in 1997 and continuing into the mid-2000s,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2007-07-04 |title=Bollywood: The fashion guru |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/brand-ambassadors/bollywood-the-fashion-guru/articleshow/2220220.cms |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> Southeast Asian and [[Indian fashion]] began to influence and gain greater recognition from the global media<ref>[http://forbesindia.com/printcontent/41581 Forbes India Manish Arora]</ref> due to the establishment of the [[Fashion Design Council of India]], and the hosting of [[India Fashion Week]] in Delhi.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Biu0_e2oHyQC&pg=PA553 Fashion Reader]</ref> Inspired by [[Bollywood cinema]] and a resurgence of interest in [[1970s fashion]], designers in India adapted and repurposed the [[saree]], [[churidar]] and [[kurta]] into the Anarkali [[ballgown]] from the early 1990s onwards. By the late 1990s, [[kurta]] [[tunic]]s were turned into short dresses, and [[Manish Arora]] designed garish Hindu "God printed T-shirts"<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/Brunch/Brunch-Stories/Indian-fashion-s-greatest-hits/Article1-1098677.aspx Hindustan Times] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130803133051/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Brunch/Brunch-Stories/Indian-fashion-s-greatest-hits/Article1-1098677.aspx |date=August 3, 2013 }}</ref> for both locals and global tourists. British, Asian and American designers also incorporated [[ethnic chic]] fabrics, such as [[khadi]], [[Paisley (design)|paisley]], silk or Indonesian [[Batik]]<ref>[https://pabrikkaoskaki.id Nation as fashion in new order Indonesia]</ref> into Western-inspired clothing patterns such as shirts and blouses featuring traditional embroidery. This type of clothing was worn not only by the immigrant Bangladeshi, Pakistani and [[Indian diaspora]] in Britain, but also by many non-Indian women.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Gupta |first1=Mr Suman |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nr2724-bOfMC&pg=PA202 |title=The Cultures of Economic Migration: International Perspectives |last2=Omoniyi |first2=Mr Tope |date=2012-12-28 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |isbn=978-1-4094-9093-7 |language=en}}</ref>

====1970s revival====
*From 1997 onwards, many British and American designers started to take cues from the [[disco fashion]] of the [[1970s fashion|mid–late 1970]]s. Particularly common were black or dark red [[pleather]] pants,<ref name="90sFashionEra">{{cite web|url=http://www.fashion-era.com/the_1990s.htm |title=The 1990s Fashion History The Mood of the Millennium Part 1 |access-date=7 June 2014}}</ref> animal print clothing, halter tops,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/fashion_costume_culture/Modern-World-Part-II-1961-1979/Halter-Tops.html |title=Halter Tops |access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref> metallic clothing,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/3/0 |title=Romy and Michele's High School Reunion |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/3/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[crop top]]s, [[tube top]]s, maxi coats, [[maxi skirt]]s, knee boots sometimes with knee socks slouch at the top, and [[bell bottoms|boot-cut dress pants]].<ref name="1996FashionReview" /> By 2001, popular mainstream trends included tight shirts, [[bell bottoms]], [[platform shoes]],<ref name="1990sTrends" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/5/0 |title=Spice World |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/5/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Polar fleece|fleece]]s, [[crop top|cropped]] [[Sleeveless shirt|tank tops]], [[Union jack]] motifs inspired by the [[Cool Britannia]] movement,<ref>[http://www.cerium.ca/article944.html Whatever happened to Cool Britannia? The UK after eight years of Blair] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060905135339/http://www.cerium.ca/article944.html |date=2006-09-05 }} Thirty British, US, French and Canadian scholars assess Blair's policies and style after two terms, in May 2005. Links to papers and video.</ref> and military inspired clothing, such as [[flak jacket]]s with camouflage patterns.<ref name="90sFashionEra2" /><ref name="1997Garments">{{cite web|url=http://articles.philly.com/1997-12-31/living/25554793_1_halston-randolph-duke-fashion |title=Clothes-circuit Surveillance Fashion In 1997 Was Less About Garments Than About Tragic Deaths, Falling Fortunes And Sizzling New Personalities. |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> 
*In the late 1990s, bright colors began to make a comeback in mainstream fashion, as a backlash against the darker tones associated with the [[grunge]] and [[skater subculture]].<ref name="FashionIn1997">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/171384/Fashions-Year-In-Review-1997 |title=Fashions: Year In Review 1997 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="ColorReturns">{{cite web|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-03-06/business/9903060172_1_pantone-color-shades |title=Bloomingdale's Fanning Trend Back To Color |date=6 March 1999 |access-date=4 September 2014}}</ref> Popular colors included [[plum (color)|plum]], [[chocolate (color)|chocolate]], and [[navy (color)|navy]], all of which replaced black,<ref name="1996FashionReview" /> which had become ubiquitous.<ref name="90sFashionEra2">{{cite web|url=http://www.fashion-era.com/part_2_1990s.htm |title=The 1990s Fashion History Global Fashion Attitudes |access-date=7 June 2014}}</ref> Other fashion trends popular from 1997 to 1999 included glamour wear, high-waisted [[miniskirt]]s, plastic [[choker]]s, [[knee socks]] associated with the school girl look,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stringer |first=Mary |date=2015-03-17 |title=17 fashion trends that need to stay in the 90s |url=https://metro.co.uk/2015/03/17/17-fashion-trends-that-need-to-stay-in-the-90s-5106037/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Metro |language=en}}</ref> [[tight pants]], [[slip dress]]es, [[turtle-neck]] [[sweaters]], conservative chic, [[capri pants]], high-waisted [[trousers]], and cardigans.
*More formal styles intended for the workplace or special occasions (such as a [[cocktail party]]) included [[silk]] [[blouse]]s in neutral colors or animal prints,<ref name="1997Garments" /> tailored [[pantsuit]]s and skirt suits inspired by the 1980s,<ref name="FashionIn1997" /> collarless coats,<ref name="FashionIn1999" /> and the [[little black dress]], with or without subtle embroidery.<ref name="1990sTrends" />

====Casual chic====
[[File:Restlessculture.jpg|thumb|left|165px|Model wearing a midriff shirt, a silver necklace, low ponytail and straight-leg leggings, 1999.]]
* From 1998 to 2001, the unisex [[casual chic]] look gained mainstream appeal, with dark [[stonewash]] jeans, [[shortalls]], spaghetti strap [[crop top]]s, [[tracksuits]], [[sweatpants]], and other athletic clothing. Denim's popularity was at an all-time high in Europe, with designer denim jackets and matching jeans rocketing in prices. Other common, more affordable brands included [[Mudd]], [[JNCO]], and Evisu, a Japanese denim brand which launched in the 1980s.<ref name="FashionIn1999">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/171382/Fashions-Year-In-Review-1999 |title=Fashions: Year In Review 1999 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> The most popular trainers were white or black and manufactured by [[Adidas]], [[Skechers]], and [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]]. Running shoes with built in air pumps were popular among both sexes. Leather had largely replaced canvas, and soles were made of foam rather than solid rubber.
* In the US and Britain, popular accessories included large [[hoop earring]]s, shoes with rounded toes, [[flip flops]], [[jelly shoe]]s, [[rhinestone]]-encrusted hip belts, embellished slippers, beaded wristbands and lariats,<ref name="FashionIn1999" /> Alice bands, [[pashmina]]s,<ref name="90sFashionEra2" /> [[fascinator]]s, gold jewelry,<ref name="1990sTrends" /> [[moccasin]] [[loafers]],<ref name="FashionIn1999" /> [[running shoe]]s, [[Gel bracelet|jelly bracelet]]s,<ref name="SexBracelets">{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/risque/school/bracelet.asp |title=Sex Bracelets |date=14 November 2003 |access-date=9 June 2014}}</ref> bandanas, and novelty [[Wellington boots]] with leopard print or zebra stripe patterns.

==Men's fashion==

=== Early 1990s (1990–1992) ===

====Casual clothing====
* Continuing on from the late 1980s, many young men in the US, UK and Europe wore tapered and cuffed [[high waisted jeans]] or pants styled plain or pleated with matching denim jackets, [[Champion (sportswear)|Champion brand]], [[Stone Island]] or [[Ralph Lauren]] sweatshirts, [[polo shirt]]s with contrasting collars,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Football Casuals{{!}} 80s Casuals |url=http://www.football-hooligan.com/footballcasuals.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=football-hooligan.com}}</ref> short [[Harrington jacket]]s, grey [[Tommy Hilfiger]] sweaters with prominent logos,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Safdar |first=Khadeeja |date=2017-09-01 |title=Dad, I've Seen the Nutty Clothes You Wore in the '90s. May I Have Them? |language=en-US |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/dad-ive-seen-the-nutty-clothes-you-wore-in-the-90s-may-i-have-them-1504277520 |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref> oversized [[Guess (clothing)]] [[denim]] shirts, brightly colored [[windcheater]]s especially in yellow or green, [[Hush Puppies]] shoes,<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyxxA53zX54C&pg=PA217 |title=Psychological Foundations of Marketing |date=2012-11-12 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-18363-8 |language=en}}</ref> [[Sperry Top-Sider|Sperrys]] boat shoes, white Sperrys sneakers, V neck [[sweater]]s, [[soccer]] shorts, white [[athletic sock]]s worn with black or brown [[loafer]]s, triple striped tube socks usually folded over at the top, slouch socks, pastel colored three button [[sportcoat]]s, graphic print T-shirts,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.trendnstylez.com/10-greatest-mens-fashion-trends-inspired-in-the-golden-decade-of-the-90s/ |title=Golden Decade |access-date=2015-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225175122/http://www.trendnstylez.com/10-greatest-mens-fashion-trends-inspired-in-the-golden-decade-of-the-90s/ |archive-date=2015-02-25 }}</ref> [[tracksuit]] tops with a vertical contrasting stripe down the sleeve, [[sweatpants]], [[bomber jacket]]s,<ref>[http://www.asos.com/men/fashion-news/2017_01_27-fri/style-lessons-from-trainspotting-t2/ Trainspotting style lessons]</ref> [[pale denim]] [[drainpipe jeans]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-09-09 |title=Trainspotting Is Getting a Sequel—But Its '90s Looks Are Already Trending on the Runways |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/trainspotting-sequel-90s-fashion |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref> as worn by [[Ewan McGregor]] in ''[[Trainspotting (film)|Trainspotting]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cochrane |first=Lauren |date=2017-01-31 |title=From Spud to Slimane: how Trainspotting helped invent the skinny jean |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/jan/31/from-spud-to-slimane-how-trainspotting-helped-invent-the-skinny-jean |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> shiny red or blue [[rayon]] monkey jackets, grey or tan [[leather jacket]]s with [[shoulder pad (fashion)|shoulder pad]]s, and wool [[baseball jacket]]s with contrasting sleeves. Short shorts were popular in the early years of the decade,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-06-26 |title=FashionBeans Archives {{!}} FashionBeans |url=https://www.fashionbeans.com/archived-articles/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> but were replaced with looser and baggier [[basketball shorts]] in 1993 when [[hip-hop fashion]] went mainstream. [[Teva sandals]] were popular in 1993, its trend even endured to early 2000s.

====Grunge look====
[[File:Jonathan Brandis Wiki.jpg|thumb|right|165px|[[Jonathan Brandis]] in a [[Grunge]]-style flannel shirt and [[curtained hair]] in 1993]]
* From 1991 until 1996, [[flannel]] shirts became very popular in the US and Australia, due to their use among the [[skater subculture]] and [[grunge]] bands including [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]] or [[Mudhoney]].<ref>[http://www.idahostatesman.com/2015/05/21/3814289/michael-deeds-ticketmaster-rolls.html Michael Deeds]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-14_u-189_t-510_c-1893/fashion-in-the-1990s/nsw/history/australia-s-social-and-cultural-history-in-the-post-war-period/social-and-cultural-features-of-the-1990s |title=Australian 90s fashion |access-date=2015-05-21 |archive-date=2015-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629191322/http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-14_u-189_t-510_c-1893/fashion-in-the-1990s/nsw/history/australia-s-social-and-cultural-history-in-the-post-war-period/social-and-cultural-features-of-the-1990s |url-status=dead }}</ref> Unlike the fitted [[Western shirt]]s of the 1970s which fastened with pearl snaps, the [[flannel shirt]]s of the 1990s were padded and loose-fitting for optimum warmth.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lim |first=Paige |date=2015-06-04 |title=10 things to know about the 90s |language=en |work=The Straits Times |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/10-things-to-know-about-the-90s |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0585-3923}}</ref> Men also wore [[Stone washing|acid wash]] jeans, patterned wool [[sweater]]s with [[turtlenecks]] underneath, black [[Schott Perfecto]] [[leather jacket]]s, [[sheepskin]] coats, [[olive green]] [[anorak]]s, [[corduroy]] [[sportcoat]]s, grey [[sweatpants]] and [[fingerless glove]]s.
* In the US, popular accessories included [[Chuck Taylor All-Stars|Converse All Stars]], hi-top [[Nike, Inc.|Nike's]], [[trapper hat]]s, bucket hats, [[baseball caps]], baggy, graphic [[T-shirts]], oversized [[sweatshirts]], [[tuque]]s, [[combat boot]]s, [[Dr. Martens]], and [[Ray-Ban Aviator|Aviator sunglasses]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=RAYBAN MADE IN USA {{!}} RAYBAN AVIATOR TORTUGA SIZE 62 |url=http://rbcollector.blogspot.com/2011/04/rayban-made-in-usa-rayban-aviator.html |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref>

=== Mid 1990s (1993–1996) ===

====Cool Britannia and 1970s revival====
* Around 1995/1996, 1960s [[mod (subculture)|mod]] clothing and longer hair were popular in Britain, Canada, and the US due to the success of [[Britpop]]. Men wore [[Aloha shirt]]s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/14 |title=Romeo + Juliet |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> brown leather jackets, [[velvet]] [[blazer]]s, [[paisley (design)|paisley]] shirts, [[throwback style|throwback]] pullover [[baseball jersey]]s, and graphic-print T-shirts (often featuring [[dragon]]s, athletic logos or numbers). Real fur went out of fashion and fake fur became the norm.<ref name="1995FashionTrends" />
* The 1970s became a dominant theme for inspiration on men's apparel in 1996. Among these clothing styles were coats with fur- or faux fur-trimmings, jackets with bold shoulders and wide lapels, and boot-cut slacks.<ref name="1996FashionReview" /> This continued into the 2000s (decade). Casual clothes such as trousers, sweaters, and denim jackets were worn with shirts made of [[satin]], [[PVC]], and terry cloth. Both [[pastel color]]s and bold patterns were popular and successfully replaced black.<ref name="1995FashionReview" />
* Desirable accessories during the mid-1990s included [[loafers]], [[desert boots]], [[chelsea boots]], gold jewellery, [[boat shoes]], chunky [[digital watch]]es, solid colored ties, shoulder bags, and black/neon colored high-top sneakers replaced combat boots.<ref name="1995FashionTrends" />
[[File:NeutrinosOZSign1995.jpg|thumb|Trio in 1995 wearing neutral-colored tops and relaxed-fit, slim-leg pants and jeans.]]

====Modern preppy====
* [[Preppy]] clothing was popular in the US,<ref name="wallace">{{cite news|last=Wallace|first=Carol McD.|title=We're All Preppies Now |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/24/opinion/24hamlin.html|work=The New York Times|date=24 October 2005| access-date= 19 June 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> where wealthy young men wore khaki [[Trousers|slacks]], canvas<ref name="colman">{{cite news|last=Colman|first=David|title=The All-American Back From Japan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/fashion/18codes.html|work=The New York Times|date=17 June 2009| access-date= 19 June 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> [[boat shoes]], and navy blue [[blazer]]s with breast-pocket [[monogram]] or gold buttons bearing a [[family crest]].<ref name="colman" /> In general, 1990s preppy was more casual than the almost [[dandy|dandified]] look of the 1980s as young men abandoned [[ascot tie|ascots]] and [[Oxford shoe]]s in favor of [[Nantucket Reds]], nautical-striped T-shirts, boat shoes i.e. [[Sperry Top-Sider|Sperrys]], [[loafers]], white style casual sneakers, slouch socks, and [[madras cloth]] or [[gingham]] short-sleeved shirts.<ref>[http://www.mensflair.com/style-advice/the-roots-of-american-preppy.php Roots of preppy]</ref> Desirable brands included [[Gap Inc.|Gap]], [[Old Navy]] and [[Abercrombie & Fitch]].

====Hip-Hop====
* In Europe and North America, [[hip-hop fashion]] went mainstream in 1992, with oversized [[baseball jacket]]s, [[baggy jeans]], [[bomber jacket]]s, [[Baja Jacket]]s, and [[tracksuits]] popular among young men as casual wear.<ref>{{cite book |last=Keyes |first=Cheryl |title=Rap Music and Street Consciousness (Music in American Life) |year=2004 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0-252-07201-7 |page=[https://archive.org/details/rapmusicstreetco0000keye/page/152 152] |url=https://archive.org/details/rapmusicstreetco0000keye/page/152 }}</ref> Simultaneously, industrial and military styles crept into mainstream fashion, with machinery pieces becoming accessories.<ref name="1990sTrends" /> Baseball caps started being worn forwards again.<ref name="1995FashionTrends" />
* The [[eight-ball jacket]] created by designer [[Michael Hoban (designer)|Michael Hoban]] became popular in hip-hop fashion, particularly the [[East Coast hip hop]] scene of New York City. The style is characterized by bright [[color-blocking]] and large black and white decals on the back and sleeves, made to look like the [[Glossary of cue sports terms#8 ball|eight ball]] used in some [[cue sports]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|last=Detrick|first=Ben|date=2014-12-24|title=A '90s Jacket Comes Back Into Fashion|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/25/style/a-90s-jacket-comes-back-into-fashion.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308090650/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/25/style/a-90s-jacket-comes-back-into-fashion.html|archive-date=March 8, 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[Southern hip hop]] provided a platform for [[fashion designers]] and musical artists to collaborate forming an influential [[subculture]] of [[anti fashion]] and [[alternative fashion]] designs, especially the popular recycled clothing worn by [[Arrested Development (group)|Arrested Development]] and [[Goodie Mob]].
* Due to its association with rappers, [[Sportswear (fashion)|sportswear]] became acceptable to wear in public throughout the mid to late 1990s, especially oversized T-shirts, [[baseball cap]]s and sweaters bearing the [[New York Yankees]] logo, tennis shoes, [[hoodies]], jean shorts,<ref name="1990sTrends" /> khaki [[cargo pants]],<ref name="FashionIn1999" /> baggy [[basketball shorts]], [[chinos]],<ref name="FashionIn1999" /> [[tracksuit]]s and black [[bomber jacket]]s with orange linings. From 1995 onwards, men wore overalls, straight leg jeans, plaid pants,<ref name="1990sTrends" /> flat-front chinos, khaki pants,<ref name="1995FashionTrends" /> and camouflage pants worn ironically by anti-war protesters.<ref name="1990sTrends" />
* In the late 1990s ski goggles became a popular accessory in hip hop fashion.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Finnell|first1=Janice|title=Skiing Magazine, "Skiing Scene"|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ko7bLsXaVLEC&q=%22ski%20goggles%22%20%22hip%20hop%22%20fashion&pg=PA21|website=Google Books|date=January 1996|access-date=22 February 2016}}</ref>

=== Late 1990s (1997–1999) ===

====African fashion====
*During the mid and late 1990s,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://gq.co.za/2013/12/the-madiba-shirt/ |title=GQ South Africa |access-date=2016-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605092706/http://gq.co.za/2013/12/the-madiba-shirt/ |archive-date=2016-06-05 }}</ref> the silk [[Madiba shirt]] became popular in South Africa and the wider global community.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gover |first=Dominic |date=2013-12-07 |title=Nelson Mandela Dies: Madiba's 10 Craziest Shirts |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/nelson-mandela-shirts-style-madiba-death-528285 |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=International Business Times UK |language=en}}</ref> From 1996 to 1998, traditional [[African clothing]] began to face serious competition<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ek9DL4XP_RMC&pg=PT12 |title=Kenya National Assembly Official Record (Hansard) |date=1996-06-19 |language=en}}</ref> from cheap imported [[mitumba clothing]]<ref>{{Cite web |title= AFRICA {{!}} Suspicions aroused over Nairobi fires |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/916185.stm |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=BBC News }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sommers |first=Marc |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zKc_qgOuGjUC&pg=PA108 |title=Fear in Bongoland: Burundi Refugees in Urban Tanzania |date=2001 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-57181-331-2 |language=en}}</ref> as a consequence of the Kenyan and Tanzanian government's easing of trade restrictions during the early to mid 1990s.<ref>[http://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/123456789/1074/wp521-322347.pdf?sequence=1 Women's And Men's Second-Hand Clothes Business In Two Secondary Towns In Kenya]</ref> By the end of the decade, the [[safari jacket]] associated with [[kleptocrat]] dictator [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] of the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] and the previous South African [[Apartheid]] regime had declined in popularity, and was replaced as formal wear by the [[dashiki suit]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=2994 |title=Monuments culture and heritage in democratic SA |access-date=2016-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422110259/http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=2994 |archive-date=2016-04-22 }}</ref> Variants in green, yellow and black were worn as an alternative to the [[business suit]] by many African-Americans<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1990-03-04/features/9001270573_1_black-politics-african-americans-african-clothing |title=Wear the right thing |access-date=2016-06-19 |archive-date=2016-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601080715/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1990-03-04/features/9001270573_1_black-politics-african-americans-african-clothing }}</ref> for [[Kwanzaa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://teacherlink.ed.usu.edu/tlresources/units/byrnes-celebrations/kwanzaa.html |title=Lesson plan Kwanzaa |access-date=2016-04-21 |archive-date=2016-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205002756/http://teacherlink.ed.usu.edu/tlresources/units/Byrnes-celebrations/kwanzaa.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> African art began to influence and gain greater recognition on account of the Festival de la Mode Africaine (FIMA). These influences started to make their way into fashion shows all over, for reference [[New York fashion week]], 1998. In this show models were wearing sheath-like dresses made of loosely knitted yarn and [[denim jackets]] with large fake fur collars. Loose threads dangled from some of the garment's seams and other garments had the labels sewn on the outside of the collars.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rovine|first=Victoria L.|title=African Fashion, Global Style: Histories, Innovations, and Ideas You Can Wear|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-253-01409-2|location=Indiana|pages=158}}</ref>

====Streetwear====
[[File:Jughead's Revenge (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Typical late 1990s fashions, 1997.]]
* By the late 1990s, the grunge look became unfashionable, and there was a revival of interest in streetwear clothing, with name brand designers such as [[Calvin Klein]] and [[Ralph Lauren]] making a comeback.<ref name="1990sTrends" /> In Europe, jeans were more popular than ever before.<ref name="FashionIn1999" /> From 1997 to 1998 brighter colors came into style, including [[Plum (color)|plum]], [[charcoal (color)|charcoal]], [[olive (color)|olive]], [[wine (color)|wine]],<ref name="FashionIn1997" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uomoclassico.com/ads/Bloomingdale%27s/1999/Spring-Summer/main-line |title=Bloomingdale's I Spring/Summer 1999 |access-date=5 September 2014}}</ref> and shades such as "camellia rose", "blazing orange", "whisper pink", "hot coral", and a light-grayish blue called "wind chime".<ref name="ColorReturns" />
* Much of men's fashion in 1997 was inspired by the 1996 film [[Swingers (1996 film)|Swingers]],<ref name="FashionIn1997" /> leading to the popularization of the "dressy casual" look. Such apparel included blazers, black or red leather jackets and [[bowling shirt]]s in either a variety of prints or a solid color, and loose-fitting flat-front or pleated khaki chinos or jeans. Around this time it became fashionable to leave shirts untucked.

====Business wear====
* In Europe, single-breasted three and four button [[notch lapel]] suits in grey or navy blue, together with leather jackets based on the same cut as [[blazer]]s, began to replace the double breasted 1980s power suits. The wide neckties of the early 1990s remained the norm, but the colors became darker and stripes and patterns were less common. In [[Fashion in India|India]] and [[Chinese fashion|China]], the [[Nehru suit]] and [[Mao suit]] declined in popularity in favor of conventional Western business wear.<ref>[https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/nehru-jacket-guide-mao-suit/ Gentlemen's Gazette]</ref> [[Tweed cloth]] and [[houndstooth]] [[sportcoat]]s went out of fashion due to their association with older men.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/character/ch0004927/bio |title=Anthony Head |website=[[IMDb]] |access-date=2018-07-01 |archive-date=2016-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910210814/http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0004927/bio }}</ref> Dress shoes (usually in black) included [[chelsea boot]]s with rounded or square toes, [[Brogue shoe|wingtips]], and monkstraps.<ref name="FashionIn1997" />
* In America, an increasing number of men began to dress [[smart-casual]] and [[business casual]], a trend kickstarted by [[Bill Gates]] of [[Microsoft]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Six Categories |publisher=Casualpower.com |url=http://www.casualpower.com/business_casual_tips/six_categories.html |access-date=27 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705041602/http://www.casualpower.com/business_casual_tips/six_categories.html |archive-date=5 July 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> At more formal events such as weddings or proms, men often wear boxy three<ref>[http://www.blacktieguide.com/History/14-Millennium.htm 90s and Millennial black tie]</ref> or four button, single-breasted suits with a brightly colored [[Necktie|tie]] and an often matching dress shirt. Another trend was to wear black shirts, black ties, and black suits.<ref name="1997Garments" /> Black leather [[reefer jacket]]s and [[trenchcoat]]s were also fashionable in the late 1990s, the latter inspired by [[The Matrix]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/12/0 |title=The Matrix |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/12/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Youth fashion==
===General trends===
[[File:Track suit.tif|thumb|upright|Tracksuit]]
* For much of the 1990s, particularly the middle years, teenage boys and girls bought and wore very simple clothes, such as shortalls, flannel shirts, athletic shorts, dress shorts, track suits, high-waisted ankle length jeans and pants, plain or pleated, leggings, bike shorts, stretch pants and stirrup pants, oversized shirts, sweaters and sweatshirts, slouch socks, striped tube socks somtimes folded down at the top, bodysuits as tops, jogger pants and turtlenecks. Popular shoe brands or styles included [[Keds]], Converse [[Chuck Taylor All-Stars]], [[ballet flats]], and [[boat shoes]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/4/0 |title=10 Things I Hate About You |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/4/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Popular stores selling these items included [[Gap Inc.|Gap]], [[Urban Outfitters]], [[JCPenney]] and [[Kohl's|Kohls]]. .<ref name="1995FashionReview" /> 
*The 1990s was the [[Disney Renaissance|Golden Age]] of [[Disney]] films. T-shirts and sweaters featuring characters such as [[Simba]], [[Mickey Mouse]], [[Belle (Disney)|Belle]], [[Aladdin (Disney character)|Aladdin]], and [[Winnie the Pooh (character)|Winnie the Pooh]] were popular among young children.

==Subcultures of the 1990s==
=== Grunge ===
[[File:Customised cut-off denim shorts with peace symbols and slogans, American, 1990s.jpg|thumb|right|Acid washed jean shorts with grunge and hippie inspired DIY slogans and pictures.]]
{{Main|Grunge fashion}}
* The [[New wave music|new wave]] and [[heavy metal fashion]] of the 1980s lasted until 1992, when [[Grunge]] and [[hip hop fashion]] took over in popularity.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nelson |first=Chris |date=2003-01-13 |title=MEDIA; Nine Years After Cobain's Death, Big Sales for All Things Nirvana |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/13/business/media-nine-years-after-cobain-s-death-big-sales-for-all-things-nirvana.html |access-date=2023-05-20 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> By the mid-1990s the grunge style had gone mainstream in Britain and the US, and was dominated by [[tartan]] [[flannel]] shirts and stonewashed blue [[jeans]].
* Grunge fashion remained popular among the [[skater subculture]] until the late 1990s as the hard-wearing, loose-fitting clothing was cheap and provided good protection.<ref name=":0"/> Members of the subculture were nicknamed grebos or [[moshing|moshers]] and included those who did not skate.

=== Psychobilly, punk and skater ===
{{Main|Punk fashion}}
* [[hardcore punk|Hardcore]] [[punk fashion]], which began in the 1970s, was very popular in the 1990s,<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last=Peterson |first=Brian |title=Burning Fight: The Nineties Hardcore Revolution in Ethics, Politics, Spirit, and Sound |publisher=Revelation Books |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-889703-02-2}}</ref> especially among the [[skater subculture]]. Common items for [[pop punk]] and [[nu metal]] fans included [[bright colored/blond tipped spiky hair]], long under sleeves, black hoodies, and [[baggy pants]] in black, mint blue, or red [[Royal Stewart tartan]].
[[File:1er FherFest 1997.jpg|thumb|[[Garage punk]] band, 1997]]
* In the US, [[psychobilly]] bands [[Reverend Horton Heat]] and [[Rocket from the Crypt]] popularized [[brothel creepers]], [[gas station]] [[shirt]]s and dark-colored bowling shirts during the late 1990s.

=== Rave culture and clubwear ===
{{Main|Rave}}
* Popular fashion themes of the rave subculture during the early 1990s included plastic aesthetics, various [[fetish fashion]]s especially [[PVC]] miniskirts and tops, [[DIY]] and [[tie dye]] outfits, vintage 1970s clothing, second-hand optics, [[Retro style#Fashion design|retro]] sportswear (such as Adidas tracksuits), and outfits themed around sex (showing much skin and nudity, e.g. wearing transparent or crop tops), war (e.g. in the form of combat boots or camouflage trousers), postmodernism and science fiction themes. In the early 1990s the first commercial rave fashion trends developed from the underground scene, which were quickly taken up by the fashion industry and marketed under the term ''clubwear''.<ref name="rave_culture_and_clubwear">{{cite magazine |last=Sack |first=Adriano |url=https://032c.com/rave-before-streetwear-there-was-clubwear |title=RAVE: Before Streetwear There Was Clubwear |magazine=[[032c]] |date=21 February 2019 |access-date=5 February 2020}}</ref> Common raver fashion styles of the 1990s included tight-fitting nylon shirts, tight nylon quilted vests, [[bell-bottoms]], neoprene jackets, studded belts, [[platform shoe]]s, jackets, scarves and bags made of [[flokati]] fur, [[Fluffy (footwear)|fluffy boots]] and [[phat pants]], often in bright and [[neon color]]s.

[[File:1995-04-08 Vibe Tribe 04 (10937546).jpg|thumb|Crowd of rave-goers, 1995.]]
* Common unisex hairstyles included neon colored [[spiky hair]], natural dreadlocks, [[undercut hairstyle]]s, and synthetic hairpieces, and many ravers in the US and Europe wore tattoos and [[body piercing]]s. Widespread accessories included wristbands and collars, [[whistle]]s, [[pacifier]]s, [[feather boa]]s, [[cyberpunk]] inspired [[goggles]], [[glow stick]]s, and record bags made of truck tarpaulins.<ref name="spiegel_special">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/spiegelspecial/d-7441075.html |title=Jung ist die Nacht: CLUB-TIPS |trans-title=Young is the night: club tips |magazine=[[Der Spiegel|Spiegel Special]] |date=1 August 1998 |page=6 |access-date=20 June 2019 |archive-date=2017-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111164157/http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/spiegelspecial/d-7441075.html }} [http://magazin.spiegel.de/EpubDelivery/spiegel/pdf/7441075 (PDF version)]</ref><ref name="Muri_1999">{{cite book |last1=Muri |first1=Gabriela |title=Aufbruch ins Wunderland?: Ethnographische Recherchen in Zürcher Technoszenen 1988–1998 |trans-title=Departure into wonderland?: Ethnographic research in Zurich techno scenes 1988–1998 | publisher=Chronos Verlag |date=1999 |isbn=9783034011785 |language=de}}</ref>

=== Hip-Hop ===
{{Main|Hip-hop fashion}}
[[File:Chuck D. Slakthuset i Malmö 1991.jpg|thumb|right|Swedish hip-hop fans watch [[Public Enemy (group)|Public Enemy]] perform in 1991.]]
* The early 1990s saw widespread interest in [[hip hop]] and [[gangsta rap]] due to the influences of [[MC Hammer]], [[Tupac Shakur]], [[Eazy-E]], [[Dr. Dre]], [[N.W.A]], [[Wu-Tang Clan]], and [[Public Enemy (group)|Public Enemy]]. The [[sagging (fashion)|sagging]] trend began in the early 1990s and continued until the [[2010s in fashion|2010s]]. [[Wide leg jeans]], [[Full plaid|Plaid]], [[Khakis]], [[Locs glasses]], [[bomber jacket]]s, [[tracksuits]] and [[baseball cap]]s and [[snapback hat]]s worn backwards became popular among [[hip hop]] fans together with gold chains, [[sovereign ring]]s, and [[FUBU]] T-shirts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baggy Jeans - Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decorations, and Footwear through the Ages |url=http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/fashion_costume_culture/Modern-World-1980-2003/Baggy-Jeans.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=fashionencyclopedia.com}}</ref> By the end of the decade, [[hip hop fashion]] had influenced many global subcultures, especially the British [[chav]]s with their tracksuits and white trainers, the [[sneakerhead]]s of America and Asia, and the [[Insane Clown Posse|ICP]] fans known as [[Juggalo]]s<ref>{{Cite news |last=Itzkoff |first=Dave |date=2014-01-08 |title=Insane Clown Posse Defends Fans, With F.B.I. Lawsuit |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/09/arts/music/insane-clown-posse-defends-fans-with-f-bi-lawsuit.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> with their all-black outfits and [[evil clown]] [[corpse paint]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-08-12 |title=Violent J of Insane Clown Posse |url=https://www.avclub.com/violent-j-of-insane-clown-posse-1798227342 |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=The A.V. Club |language=en}}</ref>

=== Britpop ===
{{Main|Cool Britannia}}
* In the mid-1990s, [[indie rock]], [[Madchester]], and [[Britpop]] bands [[Blur (band)|Blur]], [[Stone Roses]], and [[Oasis (band)|Oasis]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=2005-08-15 |title=Highlights from the Britpop year |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4136296.stm |access-date=2023-07-15}}</ref> resulted in a revival of 1970s fashions, including [[Mod haircut]]s, [[aviator sunglasses]], [[denim]] jackets, green [[parka]]s, [[harrington jacket]]s, [[velvet]] [[sportcoat]]s, striped shirts, [[Ben Sherman]] [[polo shirt]]s, T-shirts bearing the [[RAF roundel]],<ref>Harris, John. Britpop!: Cool Britannia and the Spectacular Demise of English Rock. Da Capo Press, 2004. Pg. 202. {{ISBN|0-306-81367-X}}.</ref> and [[Union Jack]] motifs including the [[Union Jack dress|dress]] worn by the [[Spice Girls]]' [[Geri Halliwell]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-01-21 |title=Spice Girls to get the Mamma Mia! treatment |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/spice-girls-to-get-the-mamma-mia-treatment-1874980.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

=== Goth ===
[[File:Ladygoth.jpg|right|thumb|165px|Example of late 1990s [[gothic fashion]].]]
*During the mid to late 1990s, [[gothic fashion]] peaked in popularity among American, German and British teenagers seeking to break from the mainstream.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Goodlad |editor-first=Lauren M. E.|editor2-last=Bibby |editor2-first=Michael |year=2007|title=Goth: Undead Subculture |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-3921-2 }}</ref> Black leather [[trenchcoat]]s, frilly [[poet shirt]]s, [[winklepickers]], velvet blazers, long black hair, [[fetish clothing]], and [[tight pants]] were a common sight on both sexes, and girls often wore Victorian inspired [[corset]]s, lace gloves, [[Demonia (brand)|Demonia]] boots, and short leather skirts.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hodkinson |first=Paul |title=Goths and Fashion |url=https://www.lovetoknow.com/life/style/goths-fashion |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=LoveToKnow |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Goth Movement - a look back... |url=http://www.cjromer.com/essays/goth.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=cjromer.com}}</ref>

=== Preppy ===
{{Main|Preppy}}
* The conservative [[preppy]] look of the 1980s remained popular among wealthy teenagers in the Eastern US until the late 1990s, when [[Ghetto prep|many members of the subculture]] began adopting elements of [[hip hop fashion]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-01-10 |title=Under the Boards : Jeffrey Lane : Excerpts |url=http://www.undertheboards.com/excerpts.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110062908/http://www.undertheboards.com/excerpts.html |archive-date=2010-01-10 }}</ref> Typical clothing for preppies of the 1990s included [[khaki]] [[chinos]], and high waisted ankle length jeans and pants plain or pleated. [[Navy blue]] [[blazer]]s, [[Oxford shirt]]s, [[brogues]], [[Keds]] worn with everything especially [[leggings]], with slouch socks,  oversized sweatshirts, oversized sweaters or oversized tees, stirrup leggings worn over tights or pantyhose with flats and an oversized top, sweaters and tees, [[boat shoes]], [[ballet flats]], [[coach jacket]]s, [[baseball jacket]]s, [[mom jeans]], [[Overalls|shortalls]], jeans worn with a [[leotard]] or [[bodysuit]] as a top, shorts or skirts worn with blazers (for girls), shorts suit with dress shorts with tights underneath, [[ballet flats]] and a top and jacket, sweater over a [[turtleneck]], and [[Champion (sportswear)|Champion]] crew neck sweatshirts worn over a [[turtleneck]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Colman |first=David |date=2009-06-17 |title=The All-American Back From Japan |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/17/fashion/18codes.html |access-date=2023-07-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A typical outfit included [[leggings]] with an oversized v neck sweater over a turtleneck, [[slouch socks]], and [[Keds (shoes)|Keds]], [[Sperry Top-Sider|Sperrys]] boat shoes or Sperrys white sneakers. Also plaid or plain short dresses and skirts with pastel or white knee socks worn over the knee or folded at the top of the knee with ballet flats or boat shoes. Neat, well-groomed hairstyles were popular among upper elementary, middle school, high school and college age girls, including the [[bangs (hair)|bangs]], straightened [[hime cut]] side [[bunches]], or high regular [[ponytails]] worn with [[scrunchies]] and [[headbands]] many times in combination with bangs.

==Hairstyles of the 1990s==
===Women's hairstyles===
[[File:Bay Affleck Tyler at JFK Space Center Armageddon premiere (cropped) (cropped).jpg|thumb|140px|Actress [[Liv Tyler]] sporting a [[pixie cut]], 1998]]
Women's hair in the early 1990s continued in the big, curly style of the 1980s. High and high sided [[ponytail]]s continued through most of the decade, especially when playing sports and at the gym. These were worn with a [[scrunchie]] until the mid-1990s, when they were replaced by [[hair tie]]s. [[Bangs (hair)|Bangs]] remained big throughout the decade, especially the poofy "mall bangs" style associated with the early 1990s. From 1994 and through 2000s they got smaller and somewhat flatter and laid closer to the forehead.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}

The [[pixie cut]] and [[Rachel haircut]], based on the hairstyles of [[Jennifer Aniston]] in ''[[Friends]]'' and [[Marlo Thomas]] in ''[[That Girl]]'', were popular in America from 1995 onwards.<ref>{{cite magazine|editor-last=Mock|editor-first=Janet |editor2-last=Wang |editor2-first=Julia |url=http://www.people.com/people/jennifer_aniston/biography |title=Jennifer Aniston Biography|magazine=People.com |access-date=27 February 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110228141006/http://www.people.com/people/jennifer_aniston/biography| archive-date= 28 February 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> Around the same time red hair also became a desirable color for women, as well as feathered bangs,<ref name="1995FashionTrends" /> and mini hair-buns.<ref name="90sHairstylesWomen">{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/leonoraepstein/the-19-most-important-womens-hairstyles-of-the-90s |title=The 19 Most Important Women's Hairstyles Of The '90s |website=[[BuzzFeed]] |date=18 April 2013 |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> From 1995 until 2008, dark-haired women tended to dye their hair a lighter color with blonde highlights (popularized by [[Jennifer Aniston]]).

In the late 1990s, the [[Bob cut]] was well-desired, popularized and rejuvenated by [[Victoria Beckham]] of the [[Spice Girls]]. This late 1990s style bob cut featured a center, side, or zig-zag part, as opposed to the thick bangs of the early 1990s. The [[feathered hair|Farrah Fawcett hairstyle]] made a comeback, with [[Hair highlighting|highlights]] going hand-in-hand with this revival.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/fashion_costume_culture/Modern-World-Part-II-1961-1979/Farrah-Fawcett-Look.html |title=Farrah Fawcett Look |access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref> Other late 1990s haircuts included "Felicity curls" (popularized by [[Keri Russell]] in the hit TV show ''[[Felicity (TV series)|Felicity]]''), the Fishtail Half-Up, and pigtails,<ref name="90sHairstylesWomen" /> as well as the continuation of mid 1990s hairdos.

===Children's and teenager's hairstyles===
[[File:Butterfly and floral hair clips.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Barrette|Butterfly]] and [[Barrette|floral clips]], worn in the mid and late 1990s.]]
For teenage boys, longer hair was popular in the early to mid-1990s, including collar-length [[curtained hair]], long and unkempt [[grunge hair]], the blond [[surfer hair]] popular among some [[Britpop]] fans, and [[dreadlocks]]. During the mid-1990s, the much-ridiculed [[bowl cut]] became a fad among skaters, while hip-hop fans wore a variant of the [[flattop]] known as the [[hi-top fade]]. In the late 1990s, hair was usually [[Buzz cut|buzzed]] very short for an athletic look, although a few grunge fans grew their hair long in reaction to this.

For teenage girls and younger children, hair was worn long with heavily teased bangs called "mall bangs" which were long fringes covering the forehead. From 1994 through the 2000s they got smaller, somewhat flatter, and laid closer to the forehead. [[Alice band]]s, [[headband]]s and [[scrunchie]]s of various styles and colors (especially red, navy blue polka dot, plaid and neon) were popular with American girls throughout the early and mid-1990s, and they frequently wore them with twin [[pigtails]], or high or high side [[ponytail]]s and [[bangs (hair)|bangs]]. Beginning in the late 1990s and continuing into the 2010s, straightened hair and variants of the [[French braid]] became popular in Europe.

===Men's hairstyles===
[[File:Seattle - Pain in the Grass - 1995 - audience member 02.jpg|thumb|175px|Young man in 1995, sporting a short undercut hairstyle.]]
The 1990s generally saw the continued popularity of longer hair on men, especially in the United States, Scandinavia and Canada. In the early 1990s, [[curtained hair]], [[Mullet (haircut)|mullets]], and [[ponytail]]s were popular. Other trends included [[flattop]]s, [[hi-top fade]]s, and [[cornrows]].<ref name="Crucial'90sMensDos">{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/leonoraepstein/the-15-most-important-mens-hairstyles-of-the-90s |title=The 15 Most Important Men's Hairstyles Of The '90s |website=[[BuzzFeed]] |date=23 April 2013 |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref>

In the mid-1990s, men's hairstyle trends<ref name="90soutfits">[https://www.90soutfits.com/ 90s Outfits]</ref> went in several different directions. Younger men who were more amenable had adopted the [[Caesar cut]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/style/2013/01/the-50-most-stylish-celebrities-of-the-90s/george-clooney |title=The 50 Most Stylish Celebrities of the '90s |website=[[Complex Networks]] |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> either natural or dyed. This style was popularized by [[George Clooney]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gq.com/style/blogs/the-gq-eye/2013/10/george-clooney-hair-evolution.html |title=George Clooney's Hair Evolution |date=4 October 2013 |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> on the hit TV show [[ER (TV series)|ER]] in season two, which premiered in mid 1995. More rebellious young men went for longer, unkempt "grunge" hair,<ref name="Crucial'90sMensDos" /> often with a center part. The curtained hairstyle was at its peak in popularity, and [[sideburns]] went out of style.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/01/studying-the-history-of-ryan-goslings-hair-part.html |title=Analyzing the History of Ryan Gosling's Ever-Moving Hair Part |date=11 January 2013 |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> Meanwhile, most professional men over 30 had conservative 1950s style [[bouffant]] haircuts, [[regular haircut]]s, or the Caesar cut.<ref name="Crucial'90sMensDos" />

In the late 1990s, it was considered unstylish and unattractive for men and boys to have longer hair. As a result, short hair completely took over. From 1997 onwards, aside from [[curtained hair]] (which was popular throughout the decade), [[spiky hair]],<ref name="Crucial'90sMensDos" /> bleached hair,<ref name="Crucial'90sMensDos" /> [[crew cuts]], and variants of the [[quiff]] became popular among younger men. Dark haired men dyed their spikes blonde or added wavy blonde streaks, a trend which continued into the 2000s. Variants of the [[surfer hair]] were popular among rock musicians during that time period. For African-American men, the [[cornrows]] (popularized by former NBA player [[Allen Iverson]]) and [[buzz cut]] were a popular trend that continued into the 2000s.

==Makeup and cosmetic trends==
[[File:Fran Drescher mirror.jpg|thumb|140px|Nude and darker shades of [[lipstick]] seemed popular throughout the decade. (''[[Fran Drescher]], 1996'')]]

Women's makeup in the early 1990s primarily consisted of dark red lipstick and neutral eyes.<ref name="MakeupHistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.carefair.com/skincare/history_of_cosmetics_621.html |title=A Brief History of Cosmetics |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> Around 1992 the "grunge look" came into style among younger women and the look was based on dark red lipstick and smudged eyeliner and [[eyeshadow]]. Both styles of makeup continued into 1994,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/13/0 |title=Pulp Fiction |access-date=17 September 2014 |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921202450/http://www.suggest.com/movies/522/14-movies-that-defined-1990s-fashion#slide/13/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> but went out of style the next year.

The trends in makeup shifted in the mid-1990s. In 1995, nude shades became desirable and women had a broader color palette in brown. Another makeup trend that emerged was matte lipsticks, with deep shades of red and dark wine colors worn as part of night makeup.<ref name="90sOutfits">{{cite web|url=https://www.90soutfits.com/ |title=90s Outfits |access-date=30 July 2014}}</ref> Blue-frosted eye shadow became fashionable,<ref name="1995FashionTrends" /> and was eventually integrated into the Y2K makeup of the late 1990s/early 2000s (decade). Gothic makeup had broken into the mainstream, having been made up of vamp lipstick (or even black lipstick), heavy mascara and eyeliner, often purple-tinted eye shadow (or else very dark blue), and extremely pale foundation. The Gothic makeup remained relevant in the later years of the decade.

By 1999, glittery, sparkling makeup had come into style.<ref name="MakeupFor2000">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/make-up-for-the-year-2000/ |title=Make-Up For The Year 2000 |website=[[CBS News]] |date=8 June 1999 |access-date=25 July 2014}}</ref> This was called "Y2K makeup", consisting of facial glitter and lip gloss. Blue-frosted eye shadow remained a staple of late 1990s makeup, although silver was ideal look. Dark eyeliner was considered bodacious. Pale, shiny lips became desirable, as lip gloss largely replaced lipstick.<ref name="MakeupHistory" /> An alternative for those who did not like metallics were purples and browns.<ref name=" MakeupFor2000" /> Goth makeup and Y2K makeup continued into the early [[2000s (decade)|2000s]].

==Gallery==
A selection of images related to the period.

<gallery>
File:Hans Stefanson 1991.jpg|Swedish teenager with [[mullet haircut]] and abstract jumper, 1991.
File:Nirvana around 1992.jpg|Grunge clothing, popular from 1991 to 1996. ([[Kurt Cobain]], 1992)
File:Red catsuit.jpg|The [[catsuit]] became a trend in the late 1990s. Normally made of [[latex]], [[PVC]], or [[spandex]], it was often worn with high-heeled boots.
File:Snoqualmie Moondance dancers 03.jpg|Dancers at [[United States|America's]] Snoqualmie Moondance Festival in 1992
File:Dasich.jpg|The German [[electronic rock]] duo [[Das Ich]], 1993. Their aspect shows the influence of the [[gothic fashion|goth look]] which returned in the 1990s.
File:Hi-top fade.jpg|[[African-American]] teenager with Hitop fade, popular in the early 1990s.
File:Galafoto.jpg|Dutch high school prom, 1994
File:Choker.jpg|[[Choker]]s, popular in the mid and late-1990s
File:Lois McMaster Bujold (1996).jpg|[[Lois McMaster Bujold]] with [[pixie cut]] and denim [[western shirt]], 1996
File:Hawaii Gov Cayetano and Hillary Clinton, September 1995.JPEG|US First Lady [[Hillary Clinton]] wearing straw hat, 1995
File:Slapbracelet.jpg|[[Slap bracelet]] worn by young girls in the early-1990s
File:A classic Black pair of Converse All Stars resting on the Black & White Ed. Shoebox (1998-2002).JPG|Converse All Stars, popular in the early 1990s
File:James Lavelle 1997.jpg|Electronic musician and DJ [[James Lavelle]] dressed in [[nightclub|club attire]], 1997.
File:MA-1 Jacket in petrol.jpg|[[Bomber jacket]] with orange lining, popular from the mid-late 1990s
File:Lots of high school friends.jpg|Group of high school students, 1997
File:IngridStandingInBlack.jpg|Woman dressed in black [[maxi skirt]], top and hat, 1995.
File:Hip-Hop Mode Beispiel 1.jpg|[[Baseball jacket]]s were popular among hip-hop fans in the mid-1990s
File:Dress Loafers Women's Mid '90s.JPG|Women's side [[gusset]] shoes popular during the mid and late 1990s among preppy and hip-hop subculture.
File:Mid '90s Go-go Boot.jpg|Go-go boots became fashionable again in 1995. They were worn by women of the hip-hop, alternative, and dance subcultures.
File:Heavy shoe style 1997.JPG|Block-heeled shoes, popular from 1995 until 2001.
File:Black Barbour bucket hat.jpg|Black Barbour [[bucket hat]].
File:Aintzane Esther and Estitxu (cropped).jpg|Woman wearing [[cropped top]] and [[bell-bottom]]ed pants, 1997.
File:Sallie Ann Glassman wall.jpg|Woman with [[Rachel haircut]], late 1990s.
File:Eduardo Frei 1998.jpg|[[Double breasted]] [[Office suit|power suit]] with large [[shoulder pad (fashion)|shoulder pad]]s worn in the European workplace, 1998
File:Assyrian youth, 1998.jpg|Group of young children displaying various fashion trends, [[Amman]], 1998
File:Amman evangelical church, 1999.jpg|Church members exhibiting assorted fashion trends, Amman, 1998
File:TwoWomeninGlassesandBandanas.jpg|Two women wearing [[bandana]]s, 1999.
File:Cargo pants 002.jpg|[[Cargo pants]].
File:Spijkerbroek van gebleekt blauw katoenen denim met scheuren bij het zitvlak en omgeslagen pijpen “Levi’s”, objectnr 25677(1).JPG|Blue [[wide-leg jeans]].
File:British Knights.JPG|A pair of [[British Knights]]
File:Pinkpolo.jpg|[[Polo shirt]] with [[popped collar]].
File:1970s maxi skirt in Liberty print, with tooled leather shoulder bag and black T-shirt (cropped).jpg|Long [[maxi skirt]] in a Liberty floral print.
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|1990s|Fashion}}
* [[Deconstruction (fashion)]]
*[[2000s in fashion]]
*[[1980s in fashion]]

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Timeline of clothing and fashion}}
{{1990s}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1990s In Fashion}}
[[Category:1990s fashion| ]]
[[Category:1990s decade overviews]]
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