Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Arnold Schwarzenegger

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Austrian and American actor and politician (born 1947)}}
{{Redirect|Schwarzenegger|other people with the name|Schwarzenegger (surname)}}
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{{Pp-blp|small=yes}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Arnold Schwarzenegger
| image               = Arnold Schwarzenegger by Gage Skidmore 4.jpg
| caption             = Schwarzenegger at the 2019 [[San Diego Comic-Con]]
| order               = 38th
| office              = Governor of California
| lieutenant          = {{Plain list|
* [[Cruz Bustamante]]
* [[John Garamendi]]
* [[Mona Pasquil]] (acting)
* [[Abel Maldonado]]
}}
| term_start          = November 17, 2003
| term_end            = January 3, 2011
| predecessor         = [[Gray Davis]]
| successor           = [[Jerry Brown]]
| office1             = Chairman of the [[President's Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition|President's Council<br />on Physical Fitness and Sports]]
| president1          = {{Plain list|
* [[George H. W. Bush]]
* [[Bill Clinton]]
}}
| term_start1         = January 22, 1990
| term_end1           = May 27, 1993
| predecessor1        = [[Dick Kazmaier]]
| successor1          = {{Plain list|
*  [[Florence Griffith Joyner]] (co-chair)
* [[Tom McMillen]] (co-chair)
}}
| birth_name          = Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1947|7|30}}
| birth_place         = [[Thal, Styria]], Austria<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --><!-- DO NOT ADD "Allied-occupied Austria", it refers to the period, not the actual name of the country at that time, in spite of Austria not being de facto sovereign then -->{{Efn|Austria was [[Allied-occupied Austria|under the Allied occupation]] at the time of Schwarzenegger's birth.}}
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| spouse              = {{marriage|[[Maria Shriver]]|1986|2021|end=divorced}}
| children            = 5, including [[Katherine Schwarzenegger|Katherine]], [[Patrick Schwarzenegger|Patrick]] and [[Joseph Baena]]
| citizenship         = {{Hlist|Austria|United States}}
| father              = [[Gustav Schwarzenegger]]
| relatives           = [[Chris Pratt]] (son-in-law)
| signature           = Arnold Schwarzenegger Signature.svg
| occupation          = {{Flat list|
* Actor
* bodybuilder
* businessman
* filmmaker
* investor
* philanthropist
* politician
* writer}}
| website             = {{Official URL}}
| branch              = [[Austrian Armed Forces]]
| serviceyears        = 1965
| unit                = Belgier Barracks
| education           = {{Plain list|
* [[Santa Monica College]]
* [[UCLA Extension]]
* [[University of Wisconsin–Superior]] ([[Bachelor of Business Administration|BBA]])<ref>{{Cite web |last=Finkelmeyer |first=Todd |title=Campus Connection: Superior list of famous alumni? |url=https://captimes.com/news/local/education/campus_connection/campus-connection-superior-list-of-famous-alumni/article_13051f01-a8e0-5ab6-9af5-9b9ae15988be.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125014713/https://captimes.com/news/local/education/campus_connection/campus-connection-superior-list-of-famous-alumni/article_13051f01-a8e0-5ab6-9af5-9b9ae15988be.html |archive-date=January 25, 2023 |access-date=January 25, 2023 |website=The Cap Times |date=November 11, 2009 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Leeds |first1=Jeff |last2=Bates |first2=James |date=August 22, 2003 |title=A degree of fame for each |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-aug-22-et-bates22-story.html |access-date=January 25, 2023 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
{{Infobox bodybuilder | embed = yes
|image = Arnold Schwarzenegger 1974.jpg
|caption = As entrant to the 1974 [[Mr. Olympia]] competition at [[Madison Square Garden]]
|nickname = The Austrian Oak
|height = {{cvt|6|ft|2|in}}<ref name="ArnoldBio">{{cite web|url=https://www.bodybuilding.com/content/bodybuilders-arnold.html |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Pro Bodybuilding Profile |website=Bodybuilding.com |date=October 11, 2015}}</ref>
|weight = {{Plain list|
* {{convert|235|lb|kg|0}} (contest)<ref name="ArnoldBio"/>
* {{convert|260|lb|kg|0}} (off-season)}}<ref name="ArnoldBio"/>
|firstproshow = NABBA Mr. Universe
|firstproshowyear = 1968
|bestwin = IFBB Mr. Olympia
|bestwinyear = 1970–1975, 1980; seven times
|predecessor = [[Sergio Oliva]] ('69)<br>[[Frank Zane]] ('79)
|successor = [[Franco Columbu]] ('76, '81)
|yesorretiredyear = Retired 1980
|medaltemplates=
 {{CompetitionRecordSport | Men's [[bodybuilding]]}}
 {{CompetitionRecordCountry | {{flag|Austria}} }}
 {{CompetitionRecordCompetition|[[Universe Championships|Mr Universe (amateur)]]}}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1967| }}
 {{MedalCompetition|[[Universe Championships|Mr Universe (pro)]]}}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1968| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1969| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1970| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordCompetition|[[Mr. Olympia]]}}
 {{CompetitionRecordSecond| 1969| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1970| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1971| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1972| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1973| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1974| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1975| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1980| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordSport | [[Powerlifting]]<ref name="gmv.com.au" />}}
 {{CompetitionRecordCountry | {{flag|Austria}} }}
 {{CompetitionRecordCompetition|International Powerlifting Championships}}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1966|+80&nbsp;kg }}
 {{MedalCompetition|German Powerlifting Championships}}
 {{CompetitionRecordSecond| 1967|+80&nbsp;kg }}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1968|+80&nbsp;kg }}
 {{CompetitionRecordCompetition|Graz-Paradise Keller Powerlifting Championships}}
 {{CompetitionRecordSecond| 1967|+80&nbsp;kg }}
 {{CompetitionRecordSport | Men's [[Olympic weightlifting|Weightlifting]]<ref name="gmv.com.au">{{cite web |url=http://www.gmv.com.au/default.asp?pageid=HOME&template=CONTENT&sid=283 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger's competitive bodybuilding history 1963–1966 |publisher=GMV Productions |access-date=July 24, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506061017/http://www.gmv.com.au/default.asp?pageid=HOME&template=CONTENT&sid=283 |archive-date=May 6, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
 {{CompetitionRecordCountry | {{flag|Austria}} }}
 {{CompetitionRecordCompetition|Styrian Junior Weightlifting Championships}}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1964| }}
 {{CompetitionRecordCompetition|German Austrian Weightlifting Championships}}
 {{CompetitionRecordFirst| 1965| }}
}}
}}
}}
{{Arnold Schwarzenegger series}}

'''Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger''' (born July 30, 1947) is an Austrian and American actor, businessman, filmmaker, former politician, and former professional bodybuilder best known for his roles in high-profile action movies. He [[Political career of Arnold Schwarzenegger|served]] as the [[List of governors of California|38th governor of California]] from 2003 to 2011 and was among ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine's [[Time 100|100 most influential people in the world]] in 2004 and 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sullivan |first=Andrew |date=April 26, 2004 |title=The 2004 TIME 100 |magazine=Time |url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1970858_1970910_1972033,00.html |access-date=April 1, 2022 |issn=0040-781X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kennedy |first=Robert F. Jr. |date=May 3, 2007 |title=The 2007 TIME 100 |magazine=Time |url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1615513_1615451,00.html |access-date=April 1, 2022 |issn=0040-781X}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger began [[weight training|lifting weights]] at age 15 and won the [[Universe Championships|Mr. Universe]] title aged 20, and subsequently the [[Mr. Olympia]] title seven times. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest [[Bodybuilding|bodybuilders]] of all time,<ref>{{cite web |last=Heffernan |first=Conor |url=https://physicalculturestudy.com/2016/08/11/who-is-the-best-bodybuilder-ever-an-in-depth-analysis/ |title=Who is the Best Bodybuilder Ever? An In-Depth Analysis |publisher=Physicalculturestudy.com |date=August 11, 2016 |access-date=May 24, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Robson |first=David |url=http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/greatest-olympia-winner-of-all-time.htm |title=Who Is The Greatest Mr. Olympia Winner Of All Time? A Critical Review Of Past Mr. Olympia Champions! |publisher=Bodybuilding.com |date=April 10, 2015 |access-date=May 24, 2022}}</ref> and has written many books and articles about it.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/lift-heavy-to-build-muscle-like-arnold-schwarzenegger.html|title=Lift Heavy To Build Muscle Like Arnold Schwarzenegger|author=Gentilcore, Tony|publisher=Powerlifting.com|date=March 2, 2018|access-date=May 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715093657/https://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/lift-heavy-to-build-muscle-like-arnold-schwarzenegger.html|archive-date=July 15, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Arnold Sports Festival]], considered the second-most important bodybuilding event after Mr. Olympia, is named after him.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://muscleinsider.com/features/50-years-mr-olympia|title=50 years of the Mr Olympia |website=Muscle Insider |access-date=January 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006114723/https://muscleinsider.com/features/50-years-mr-olympia|archive-date=October 6, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> He appeared in the bodybuilding documentary ''[[Pumping Iron]]'' (1977). After retiring from bodybuilding, he gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action star, with his breakthrough in the [[sword and sorcery]] epic ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)|Conan the Barbarian]]'' (1982),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hibberd |first=James |date=2023-05-16 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Gets Candid on Career, Failures, Aging: 'My Plan Is to Live Forever' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-features/arnold-schwarzenegger-interview-netflix-fubar-terminator-conan-1235491977/ |access-date=2023-05-31 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref> a box-office hit with [[Conan the Destroyer|a sequel]] in 1984.<ref name="katzfilm" /> After playing the [[Terminator (character)|title character]] in the science fiction film ''[[The Terminator]]'' (1984), he starred in ''[[Terminator 2: Judgment Day]]'' (1991) and three other sequels. His other successful action films included ''[[Commando (1985 film)|Commando]]'' (1985), ''[[The Running Man (1987 film)|The Running Man]]'' (1987), ''[[Predator (film)|Predator]]'' (1987), ''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'' (1990), and ''[[True Lies]]'' (1994), in addition to comedy films such as ''[[Twins (1988 film)|Twins]]'' (1988), ''[[Kindergarten Cop]]'' (1990) and ''[[Jingle All the Way]]'' (1996).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/red-heat-1988 |title=Red Heat movie review & film summary (1988) |publisher=RogerEbert.com| date=June 17, 1988 |last=Ebert |first=Roger |access-date=March 2, 2021}}</ref> He is the founder of the film production company Oak Productions.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last1=Keslassy|first1=Elsa|date=October 14, 2019|title=Alibaba's Youku Boards 'Stan Lee's Superhero Kindergarten' With Arnold Schwarzenegger|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/global/alibaba-youku-stan-lees-superhero-kindergarten-arnold-schwarzenegger-mipcom-1203368897/|access-date=October 19, 2020|magazine=Variety}}</ref>

As a registered Republican, Schwarzenegger chaired the [[President's Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition|President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports]] during most of the [[George H. W. Bush administration]]. On October 7, 2003, he was elected [[Governor of California]] in [[2003 California gubernatorial recall election|a special recall election]] to replace then-Governor [[Gray Davis]]. He received 48.6% of the vote, 17 points ahead of [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] runner-up [[Cruz Bustamante]]. He was sworn in on November 17 to serve the remainder of Davis' term, and was reelected in the [[2006 California gubernatorial election]] with an increased vote share of 55.9% to serve a full term.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/05/AR2007010501386.html |title=Schwarzenegger Sworn in for Second Term |agency=Associated Press |access-date=April 23, 2008 |last=Kurtzman |first=Laura |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=January 5, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104192701/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/05/AR2007010501386.html |archive-date=November 4, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2011 he reached his [[term limit]] as governor and returned to acting.

Schwarzenegger was nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" or "Schwarzy" during his acting career,<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://time.com/4779796/arnold-schwarzenegger-university-of-houston-uh-commencement-graduation/|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger at University of Houston Commencement: 'None of Us Can Make It Alone'|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=May 15, 2017|access-date=March 2, 2021}}</ref> and "the Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "Terminator") during his political career. He married [[Maria Shriver]], a niece of President [[John F. Kennedy]], in 1986. They separated in 2011 after he admitted to having fathered a child with their housemaid in 1997; their divorce was finalized in 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver Officially Divorced |url=https://www.tmz.com/2021/12/28/arnold-schwarzenegger-maria-shriver-divorced-money-prenup/ |website=TMZ |access-date=December 29, 2021 |date=December 28, 2021}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==

[[File:Thal - Geburtshaus Arnold Schwarzenegger1.jpg|thumb|right|Schwarzenegger's birthplace]]
Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger was born in [[Thal, Styria|Thal]] on July 30, 1947,<ref name="lifeline">{{cite news |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger: Biography |url=http://schwarzenegger.com/bio |work=Schwarzenegger.com |access-date=December 31, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231002431/http://schwarzenegger.com/bio |archive-date=December 31, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> the second son of [[Gustav Schwarzenegger]] and his wife Aurelia (née Jadrny; 1922–1998). Gustav was the local chief of police, and after the [[Anschluss]] in 1938, joined the [[Nazi Party]] and, in 1939 the [[Sturmabteilung]] (SA). In [[World War II]], Gustav served as a military policeman in the invasions of Poland, France and the Soviet Union, including the [[siege of Leningrad]], rising to the title of ''[[Hauptfeldwebel]]''.<ref name="LAT">{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-aug-14-me-father14-story.html|title=Austrian Archives Reveal Nazi Military Role of Actor's Father|date=August 14, 2003 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|last1=Tracy Wilkinson|last2=Matt Lait}}</ref><ref name="nazi">{{cite news |title=Arnie: 'I was abused as child' |date=August 4, 2004 |url=http://news.scotsman.com/arnoldschwarzenegger/Arnie-I-was-abused-as.2551492.jp |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818225021/http://news.scotsman.com/arnoldschwarzenegger/Arnie-I-was-abused-as.2551492.jp |archive-date=August 18, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was wounded in the [[Battle of Stalingrad]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Surprised by Russia: 5 things that charmed Arnold Schwarzenegger in Moscow |url=https://www.rbth.com/lifestyle/327632-surprised-by-russia-schwarzenegger |work=Russia Beyond |date=February 20, 2018 |access-date=July 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718030522/https://www.rbth.com/lifestyle/327632-surprised-by-russia-schwarzenegger |archive-date=July 18, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> and was discharged in 1943 following a bout of [[malaria]]. According to Holocaust scholar [[Michael Berenbaum]], Gustav Schwarzenegger served "in theaters of the war where atrocities were committed. But there is no way to know from the documents whether he played a role."<ref name="LAT"/> Gustav's background received wide press attention during the [[2003 California gubernatorial recall election]] in which Schwarzenegger was elected.<ref>{{cite news|date=August 24, 2003|title=Records: Arnold's father was member of Nazi storm troops|work=USA Today|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/2003-08-24-arnold-father_x.htm|url-status=live|access-date=August 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522170405/http://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/2003-08-24-arnold-father_x.htm|archive-date=May 22, 2011}}</ref>

Gustav married Aurelia on October 20, 1945; he was 38 and she was 23. According to Schwarzenegger, his parents were very strict: "Back then in Austria it was a very different world [...] if we did something bad or we disobeyed our parents, the rod was not spared."<ref name="askarnold1" /> He grew up in a Catholic family.<ref name="tmas">{{cite book |last=Andrews |first=Nigel |title=True Myths of Arnold Schwarzenegger |year=2003 |publisher=Bloomsbury |isbn=978-1-58234-465-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/truemythslifetim0000andr }}</ref> Gustav preferred his elder son, Meinhard, over Arnold.<ref name="governG2">{{cite news |first=Xan |last=Brooks |title=The Governator |date=August 8, 2003 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2003/aug/08/usa.politicsandthearts |work=The Guardian |location=London |access-date=April 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827055648/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2003/aug/08/usa.politicsandthearts |archive-date=August 27, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> His favoritism was "strong and blatant", which stemmed from unfounded suspicion that Arnold was not his biological child.<ref name="wl">{{cite book |last=Leigh |first=Wendy |title=Arnold: An Unauthorized Biography |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-7207-1997-0 |publisher=Pelham}}</ref> Schwarzenegger has said that his father had "no patience for listening or understanding your problems".<ref name="tmas" /> He had a good relationship with his mother, with whom he kept in touch until her death.<ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger: Mr. Olympia&nbsp;– 1970–1975, 1980 |publisher=BodyBuild.com |url=http://www.bodybuildbid.com/articles/mrolympia/arnold-schwarzenegger.html |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421231324/http://www.bodybuildbid.com/articles/mrolympia/arnold-schwarzenegger.html |archive-date=April 21, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

At school, Schwarzenegger was reportedly academically average but stood out for his "cheerful, good-humored, and exuberant" character.<ref name="tmas"/> He struggled with reading and was later diagnosed as being [[Dyslexia|dyslexic]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=I could tell you I am fantastic at... - Arnold Schwarzenegger |url=https://www.facebook.com/arnold/posts/i-could-tell-you-i-am-fantastic-at-everything-but-id-be-lyingi-just-finished-rec/841497540670647/ |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=www.facebook.com |language=en}}</ref> Money was a problem in their household; Schwarzenegger recalled that one of the highlights of his youth was when the family bought a refrigerator.<ref name="wl" /> His father Gustav was an athlete, and wished for his sons to become champions in [[Bavarian curling]].<ref>{{cite web|date=August 14, 2003|title=Austrian Archives Reveal Nazi Military Role of Actor's Father|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-aug-14-me-father14-story.html|access-date=January 11, 2021|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> Influenced by his father, Schwarzenegger played several sports as a boy.<ref name="tmas"/>

Schwarzenegger began [[weight training]] in 1960 when his [[Association football|football]] coach took his team to a local gym.<ref name="lifeline" /> At age 14, he chose [[bodybuilding]] over football as a career.<ref name="katzfilm">{{cite book |last=Katz |first=Ephraim |title=Film Encyclopedia |year=2006 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-06-074214-0}}</ref><ref name="profilear">{{cite news |title=Profile: Arnold Schwarzenegger |date=August 31, 2004 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3131155.stm |publisher=BBC |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101220131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3131155.stm |archive-date=November 1, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> He later said, "I actually started weight training when I was 15, but I'd been participating in sports, like soccer, for years, so I felt that although I was slim, I was well-developed, at least enough so that I could start going to the gym and start [[Olympic weightlifting|Olympic lifting]]."<ref name="askarnold1" /> However, his official website biography claims that "at 14, he started an intensive training program with Dan Farmer, studied psychology at 15 (to learn more about the power of mind over body) and at 17, officially started his competitive career."<ref name="mrever">{{cite news |title=Mr. Everything |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/athlete/mreverything/index.asp?sec=athlete&subsec=mreverything |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416234020/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/athlete/mreverything/index.asp?sec=athlete&subsec=mreverything |archive-date=April 16, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> During a speech in 2001, he said, "My own plan formed when I was 14 years old. My father had wanted me to be a police officer like he was. My mother wanted me to go to trade school."<ref name="per">{{cite news |first=Arnold |last=Schwarzenegger |title=Arnold's "Perspectives" |date=October 3, 2001 |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/life/hiswords/words_en_sac_perspectives.asp?sec=life&subsec=hiswords |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523204808/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/life/hiswords/words_en_sac_perspectives.asp%3Fsec%3Dlife%26subsec%3Dhiswords |archive-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger 1971.jpg|thumb|Schwarzenegger in 1971]]
Schwarzenegger took to visiting a gym in [[Graz]], where he also frequented the local movie theaters to see films with bodybuilding idols such as [[Reg Park]], [[Steve Reeves]] and [[Johnny Weissmuller]].<ref name="askarnold1" /> When Reeves died in 2000, Schwarzenegger fondly remembered him: "As a teenager, I grew up with Steve Reeves. His remarkable accomplishments allowed me a sense of what was possible when others around me didn't always understand my dreams. Steve Reeves has been part of everything I've ever been fortunate enough to achieve." In 1961, Schwarzenegger met former Mr. Austria Kurt Marnul, who invited him to train at the gym in Graz.<ref name="lifeline" /> He was so dedicated as a youngster that he broke into the local gym on weekends to train even when it was closed. "It would make me sick to miss a workout... I knew I couldn't look at myself in the mirror the next morning if I didn't do it." When asked about his first cinema experience as a boy, he replied: "I was very young, but I remember my father taking me to the Austrian theaters and seeing some [[newsreels]]. The first real movie I saw, that I distinctly remember, was a [[John Wayne]] movie."<ref name="askarnold1">{{cite news |title=Ask Arnold |year=2000 |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/news/askarnold/news_askarnold_eng_legacy_444.asp?sec=news&subsec=askarnold |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523203926/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/news/askarnold/news_askarnold_eng_legacy_444.asp?sec=news&subsec=askarnold |archive-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Graz, he was mentored by Alfred Gerstl, who had Jewish ancestry and later became [[List of presidents of the Federal Council (Austria)|president of the Federal Council]], and befriended his son Karl.<ref>{{cite web |author=Tracy Wilkinson|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-sep-10-me-austria10-story.html |title=Schwarzenegger Is Still Their Hometown Hero |website=Los Angeles Times |date=September 10, 2003 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Seth Rogovoy |url=https://forward.com/culture/451703/on-his-73rd-birthday-arnold-schwarzeneggers-secret-jewish-history/ |title=On his 73rd birthday, Arnold Schwarzenegger's secret Jewish history |website=Forward |date=July 30, 2020 }}</ref>

Schwarzenegger's brother, Meinhard, died in a car crash on May 20, 1971.<ref name="lifeline" /> He was [[drunk driving|driving drunk]] and died instantly. Schwarzenegger did not attend his funeral. Meinhard was engaged to Erika Knapp, and they had a three-year-old son named [[Patrick M. Knapp Schwarzenegger|Patrick]]. Schwarzenegger paid for Patrick's education and helped him to move to the U.S.<ref name="wl"/> Schwarzenegger's father, Gustav, died of a stroke on December 13, 1972.<ref name="lifeline"/> In ''[[Pumping Iron]]'', Schwarzenegger claimed that he did not attend his father's funeral because he was training for a bodybuilding contest. Later, he and the film's producer said this story was taken from another bodybuilder to show the extremes some would go to for their sport and to make Schwarzenegger's image colder to create controversy for the film.<ref>Interview in ''Pumping Iron&nbsp;– 25th Anniversary Edition'' DVD extras</ref> However, Barbara Baker, his first serious girlfriend, recalled that he informed her of his father's death without emotion and that he never spoke of his brother.<ref name="DT2">{{cite news |title=The girl who can't escape Arnie |date=October 6, 2003 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/3603696/The-girl-who-cant-escape-Arnie.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |access-date=April 18, 2008 |first=Oliver |last=Poole |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410221914/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2003%2F10%2F02%2Fbfarni02.xml&page=1 |archive-date=April 10, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> Over time, he has given at least three versions of why he was absent from his father's funeral.<ref name="wl" />

In an interview with ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'' in 2004, Schwarzenegger told how he suffered what "would now be called [[child abuse]]" at the hands of his father: "My hair was pulled. I was hit with belts. So was the kid next door. It was just the way it was. Many of the children I've seen were broken by their parents, which was the German-Austrian mentality. They didn't want to create an individual. It was all about conforming. I was one who did not conform, and whose will could not be broken. Therefore, I became a rebel. Every time I got hit, and every time someone said, 'You can't do this,' I said, 'This is not going to be for much longer because I'm going to move out of here. I want to be rich. I want to be somebody.{{'"}}<ref name="nazi" />

Schwarzenegger served in the [[Austrian Armed Forces|Austrian Army]] in 1965 to fulfill the one year of service required at the time of all 18-year-old Austrian males.<ref name="lifeline" /><ref name="mrever" /> During his army service, he won the Junior Mr. Europe contest.<ref name="profilear" /> He went [[AWOL]] during basic training so he could take part in the competition and then spent a week in military prison: "Participating in the competition meant so much to me that I didn't carefully think through the consequences." He entered another bodybuilding contest in Graz, at Steirerhof Hotel, where he placed second. He was voted "best-built man of Europe", which made him famous in bodybuilding circles. "The [[Universe Championships|Mr. Universe]] title was my ticket to America—the land of opportunity, where I could become a star and get rich."<ref name="per" /> Schwarzenegger made his first plane trip in 1966, attending the [[Universe Championships#History|NABBA Mr. Universe]] competition in London.<ref name="mrever" /> He placed second in the Mr. Universe competition, not having the muscle definition of American winner [[Chester Yorton]].<ref name="mrever" />

Charles "Wag" Bennett, one of the judges at the 1966 competition, was impressed with Schwarzenegger and offered to coach him. As Schwarzenegger had little money, Bennett invited him to stay in his crowded family home above one of his two gyms in [[Forest Gate]], London. Yorton's leg definition had been judged superior, and Schwarzenegger, under a training program devised by Bennett, concentrated on improving his. Staying in the [[East End of London]] helped Schwarzenegger improve his rudimentary English.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article4862637.ece |location=London |work=The Times |title=Wag Bennett bodybuilder who helped Arnold Schwarzenegger |date=October 2, 2008 |first=Lindsay |last=McIntosh |access-date=October 3, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525033754/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article4862637.ece |archive-date=May 25, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Staff, [http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/777625?view=synopsis Arnold Schwarzenegger: Made in Britain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817080410/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/777625?view=synopsis |date=August 17, 2010 }}, [[British Film Institute]]. Retrieved October 3, 2008. "Wag and Dianne Bennett, an East End couple who gave Arnie a home for three years,"</ref> Living with the Bennetts also changed him as a person: "Being with them made me so much more sophisticated. When you're the age I was then, you're always looking for approval, for love, for attention and also for guidance. At the time, I wasn't really aware of that. But now, looking back, I see that the Bennett family fulfilled all those needs. Especially my need to be the best in the world. To be recognized and to feel unique and special. They saw that I needed that care and attention and love."<ref name="Park">{{cite news |title=An Austrian hick in London: Arnie's early years |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/terminator-genisys/arnold-schwarzenegger-early-life-bodybuilding/ |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=March 22, 2017 |access-date=April 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413024734/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/terminator-genisys/arnold-schwarzenegger-early-life-bodybuilding/ |archive-date=April 13, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Also in 1966, at Bennett's home, Schwarzenegger had the opportunity to meet childhood idol [[Reg Park]], who became his friend and mentor.<ref name="Park"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.regpark.net/ |title=A tribute by Arnold Schwarzenegger |publisher=Regpark.net |access-date=April 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514083332/http://www.regpark.net/ |archive-date=May 14, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> The training paid off and, in 1967, Schwarzenegger won the title for the first time, becoming the youngest ever Mr. Universe at age 20.<ref name="mrever" /> He would go on to win the title another three times.<ref name="profilear" /> He then returned to [[Munich]], where he attended business school and worked at Rolf Putziger's gym, where he worked and trained from 1966 to 1968 before returning to London in 1968 to win his next Mr. Universe title.<ref name="mrever" /> He frequently told [[Roger C. Field]], his English coach and friend in Munich at the time, "I'm going to become the greatest actor!"<ref name=spiegelonline>{{cite news |url=http://einestages.spiegel.de/static/authoralbumbackground/371/mit_schwarzenegger_durch_schwabing.html |title=Summer of '68: Mit Schwarzenegger durch Schwabing |language=de |date=October 8, 2007 |newspaper=Der Spiegel |access-date=May 4, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016062217/http://einestages.spiegel.de/static/authoralbumbackground/371/mit_schwarzenegger_durch_schwabing.html |archive-date=October 16, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Schwarzenegger, who dreamed of moving to the US since age ten, and saw bodybuilding as his avenue of opportunity,<ref name="LAWarn">{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Bradley |title=Mr. California |date=November 20, 2002 |url=http://www.laweekly.com/2002-11-28/news/mr-california/ |work=LA Weekly |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100816085006/http://www.laweekly.com/2002-11-28/news/mr-california/ |archive-date=August 16, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> realized his dream by moving to the US in October 1968 at age 21, speaking little English.<ref name="profilear" /><ref name="lifeline" /> There he trained at [[Gold's Gym]] in [[Venice, Los Angeles]], California, under [[Joe Weider]]'s supervision. From 1970 to 1974, one of Schwarzenegger's weight training partners was [[Ric Drasin]], a [[Professional wrestling|professional wrestler]] who designed the original Gold's Gym logo in 1973.<ref>Jennings, Randy (October 21, 2003). [https://web.archive.org/web/20031225065902/http://www.thearnoldfans.com/news/archives/2003/october/617.htm "Ric Drasin: Arnold's lifting partner!"] The Arnold Fans Website. Retrieved December 16, 2009.</ref> Schwarzenegger also became good friends with professional wrestler [[Superstar Billy Graham]]. In 1970, at age 23, Schwarzenegger captured his first [[Mr. Olympia]] title in New York, and would go on to win the title seven times.<ref name="mrever" />

The immigration law firm Siskind & Susser has stated that Schwarzenegger may have been an [[illegal immigrant]] at some point in the late 1960s or early 1970s because of violations in the terms of his [[visa (document)|visa]].<ref name="Possible Visa Violations">{{cite news |first=Siskind |last=Bland |title=Schwarzenegger May Have Violated Terms Of Non-Immigrant Visa |date=September 4, 2007 |url=http://www.visalaw.com/03sep4/15sep403.html |work=VISALAW.COM |access-date=April 18, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220094159/http://www.visalaw.com/03sep4/15sep403.html |archive-date=February 20, 2008}}</ref> ''[[LA Weekly]]'' said in 2002 that Schwarzenegger was "the most famous US immigrant", who "overcame a thick Austrian accent and transcended the unlikely background of bodybuilding to become the biggest movie star in the world in the 1990s".<ref name="LAWarn" />

In 1977, Schwarzenegger's autobiography and weight-training guide, ''Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder,'' was a huge success.<ref name="lifeline" /> In 1977, he posed for the gay magazine ''[[After Dark (magazine)|After Dark]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger A name to be reckoned with |url=http://www.rotten.com/library/bio/entertainers/actors/arnold-schwarzenegger/ |website=Rotten.com |access-date=April 9, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219083706/http://www.rotten.com/library/bio/entertainers/actors/arnold-schwarzenegger/ |archive-date=December 19, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Paslay |first1=Christopher |title=The Village Proposal: Education as a Shared Responsibility |date=September 1, 2011 |publisher=R&L Education |page=146 |url={{GBurl|id=g6rU59neX34C|q=schwarzenegger+%22after+dark%22|p=146}} |access-date=April 9, 2016|isbn=9781610480611 }}</ref> After taking an assortment of courses at [[Santa Monica College]] in California (including English classes), as well as further upper division classes at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] as part of UCLA's extension program, he accumulated enough credits to be "within striking distance" of graduation. In 1979, he enrolled in the [[University of Wisconsin–Superior]] as a distance education student, completing most of his coursework by correspondence and flying out to Superior to meet professors and take final exams. In May 1980, he formally graduated and earned his [[Bachelor of Business Administration|bachelor's degree]] in business administration and marketing. He received his [[Citizenship of the United States|United States citizenship]] in 1983.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://host.madison.com/ct/news/local/education/campus_connection/article_d8646d66-ce45-11de-ba14-001cc4c03286.html |work=[[Wisconsin State Journal]] |title=Campus Connection: Superior list of famous alumni? |date=November 11, 2009 |access-date=April 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907024535/http://host.madison.com/ct/news/local/education/campus_connection/article_d8646d66-ce45-11de-ba14-001cc4c03286.html |archive-date=September 7, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> He received an [[honorary degree]] from [[Stockton University]] in 2023.<ref>{{Citation |title=BOARD OF TRUSTEES MEETING |url=https://stockton.edu/board-of-trustees/documents/BOT-OS-02-22-23.pdf |publisher=Stockton University}}</ref>

== Bodybuilding career ==

Schwarzenegger is considered among the most important figures in the history of bodybuilding,<ref name=":0" /> and his legacy is commemorated in the [[Arnold Classic]] annual bodybuilding competition. He has remained a prominent face in bodybuilding long after his retirement, in part because of his ownership of gyms and fitness magazines. He has presided over numerous contests and awards shows.

For many years, he wrote a monthly column for the bodybuilding magazines ''[[Muscle & Fitness]]'' and ''[[Flex (magazine)|Flex]]''. Shortly after being elected governor, he was appointed the executive editor of both magazines, in a largely symbolic capacity. The magazines agreed to donate $250,000 a year to the Governor's various physical fitness initiatives. When the deal, including the contract that gave Schwarzenegger at least $1&nbsp;million a year, was made public in 2005, many criticized it as being a [[conflict of interest]] since the governor's office made decisions concerning regulation of [[dietary supplement]]s in California.<ref name="megerian">Megerian, Chris. (March 1, 2013). [https://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-schwarzenegger-20130302,0,1141770.story "Schwarzenegger to be executive editor of magazines"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302141955/http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-schwarzenegger-20130302,0,1141770.story |date=March 2, 2013 }} ''Los Angeles Times''.</ref> Consequently, Schwarzenegger relinquished the executive editor role in 2005.<ref name="megerian" /> American Media Inc., which owns ''Muscle & Fitness'' and ''Flex'', announced in March 2013 that Schwarzenegger had accepted their renewed offer to be executive editor of the magazines.<ref name="megerian" />

One of the first competitions he won was the Junior Mr. Europe contest in 1965.<ref name="lifeline" /> He won Mr. Europe the following year, at age 19.<ref name="lifeline" /><ref name="mrever" /> He would go on to compete in many bodybuilding contests, and win most of them. His bodybuilding victories included five Mr. Universe wins (4&nbsp;– [[National Amateur Body-Builders' Association|NABBA]] [England], 1&nbsp;– [[International Federation of BodyBuilders|IFBB]] [USA]), and seven Mr. Olympia wins, a record which would stand until [[Lee Haney]] won his eighth consecutive Mr. Olympia title in 1991.

Schwarzenegger continues to work out. When asked about his personal training during the 2011 [[Arnold Classic]] he said that he was still working out a half an hour with weights every day.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPEVHihgmHc |title=Ask Arnold Training Seminar – Arnold Schwarzenegger Talks Bodybuilding Advice – Part 1 |via=YouTube |date=March 6, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220212802/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPEVHihgmHc |archive-date=December 20, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Powerlifting/weightlifting ===

During Schwarzenegger's early years in bodybuilding, he also competed in several [[Olympic weightlifting]] and [[powerlifting]] contests. Schwarzenegger's first professional competition was in 1963<ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Pro Bodybuilding Profile |url=https://www.bodybuilding.com/content/bodybuilders-arnold.html |website=Bodybuilding.com |language=en |date=October 11, 2015 |access-date=July 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705212606/https://www.bodybuilding.com/content/bodybuilders-arnold.html |archive-date=July 5, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> and he won two weightlifting contests in 1964 and 1965, as well as two powerlifting contests in 1966 and 1968.<ref name="gmv.com.au" />

In 1967, Schwarzenegger won the [[Munich]] stone-lifting contest, in which a stone weighing 508 German pounds (254&nbsp;kg / 560&nbsp;lb) is lifted between the legs while standing on two footrests.

==== Personal records ====

* [[Clean and press]] – {{convert|264|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name="gmv.com.au" />
* [[Snatch (weightlifting)|Snatch]] – {{convert|243|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name="gmv.com.au" />
* [[Clean and jerk]] – {{convert|298|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name="gmv.com.au" />
* [[Squat (exercise)|Squat]] – {{convert|545|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name="gmv.com.au" />
* [[Bench press]] – {{convert|520|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hyson |first1=Sean |title=Interview With Arnold |url=http://www.seanhyson.com/blog/interview-with-arnold |website=Sean Hyson: Fitness Distilled |access-date=July 1, 2015 |date=September 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907071153/http://www.seanhyson.com/blog/interview-with-arnold |archive-date=September 7, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |people=Letterman, David |date=July 1994 |title=David Letterman: Arnold Schwarzenegger interview |medium=Television production }}</ref>
* [[Deadlift]] – {{convert|683|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name="gmv.com.au" />
[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger and Karyn Marshall.JPG|thumb|Schwarzenegger, pictured with 1987 world champion American [[Karyn Marshall]], presenting awards at the USA Weightlifting Hall of Fame in 2011 in [[Columbus, Ohio]]]]

=== Mr. Olympia ===

Schwarzenegger's goal was to become the greatest bodybuilder in the world, which meant becoming [[Mr. Olympia]].<ref name="lifeline" /><ref name="mrever" /> His first attempt was in 1969, when he lost to three-time champion [[Sergio Oliva]]. However, Schwarzenegger came back in 1970 and won the competition, making him the youngest ever Mr. Olympia at the age of 23, a record he still holds to this day.<ref name="mrever" />

He continued his winning streak in the 1971–1974 competitions.<ref name="mrever" /> He also toured different countries selling [[vitamin]]s, as in [[Helsinki]], Finland in 1972, when he lived at the [[YMCA]] Hotel Hospiz (nowadays Hotel Arthur<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotelarthur.fi/en/hotel/history/|title=History|website=Hotel Arthur}}</ref>) on Vuorikatu and presented vitamin pills at the [[Stockmann, Helsinki centre|Stockmann shopping center]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |year=2012 |title=Total Recall |location=New York |page=141 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-1-84983-971-6}}</ref><ref>[https://www.mtvuutiset.fi/artikkeli/kuvat-schwarzenegger-pullisteli-lihaksiaan-70-luvulla-helsingissa/4318554#gs.jxapzf KUVAT: Schwarzenegger pullisteli lihaksiaan 70-luvulla Helsingissä] (in Finnish)</ref> In 1975, Schwarzenegger was once again in top form, and won the title for the sixth consecutive time,<ref name="mrever" /> beating [[Franco Columbu]]. After the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, Schwarzenegger announced his retirement from professional bodybuilding.<ref name="mrever" />

Months before the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, filmmakers George Butler and Robert Fiore persuaded Schwarzenegger to compete and film his training in the bodybuilding documentary called ''[[Pumping Iron]]''. Schwarzenegger had only three months to prepare for the competition, after losing significant weight to appear in the film ''[[Stay Hungry (film)|Stay Hungry]]'' with [[Jeff Bridges]]. Although significantly taller and heavier, [[Lou Ferrigno]] proved not to be a threat, and a lighter-than-usual Schwarzenegger convincingly won the 1975 Mr. Olympia.

Schwarzenegger came out of retirement, however, to compete in the 1980 Mr. Olympia.<ref name="lifeline" /> Schwarzenegger was training for his role in ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)|Conan]]'', and he got into such good shape because of the running, horseback riding and sword training, that he decided he wanted to win the Mr. Olympia contest one last time. He kept this plan a secret in the event that a training accident would prevent his entry and cause him to lose face. Schwarzenegger had been hired to provide [[color commentary]] for network television when he announced at the eleventh hour that, while he was there, "Why not compete?" Schwarzenegger ended up winning the event with only seven weeks of preparation. Having been declared Mr. Olympia for a seventh time, Schwarzenegger then officially retired from competition. This victory (subject of the documentary ''[[The Comeback (1980 film)|The Comeback]]'') was highly controversial, though, as fellow competitors and many observers felt that his lack of muscle mass (especially in his thighs) and subpar conditioning should have precluded him from winning against a very competitive lineup that year.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=1980MrOlympia>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ironmanmagazine.com/the-1980-mr-olympia-controversy/|title=The 1980 Mr. Olympia Controversy |work=[[Iron Man Magazine]]|last=Hansen|first=John|date=December 27, 2011 |language=en-US|access-date=January 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131092902/https://www.ironmanmagazine.com/the-1980-mr-olympia-controversy/|archive-date=January 31, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mike Mentzer]], in particular, felt cheated and withdrew from competitive bodybuilding after that contest.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.getbig.com/results/e-mroly.htm|title=Mr. Olympia Contest Results|website=getbig.com|access-date=January 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605130530/http://www.getbig.com/results/e-mroly.htm|archive-date=June 5, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=1980MrOlympia />

=== Steroid use ===
Schwarzenegger has acknowledged using [[Performance-enhancing substance|performance-enhancing]] [[anabolic steroid]]s while they were legal, writing in 1977 that "steroids were helpful to me in maintaining muscle size while on a strict diet in preparation for a contest. I did not use them for muscle growth, but rather for muscle maintenance when [[Weight cutting|cutting up]]."<ref>{{cite web |title=Conan the Politician |publisher=[[ESPN]] |url=http://espn.go.com/columns/farrey_tom/1655597.html |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Farrey |first=Tom |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329223151/http://espn.go.com/columns/farrey_tom/1655597.html |archive-date=March 29, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> He has called the drugs "tissue building".<ref name="Arnold Steroids">{{cite web |title=Arnold & Steroids: Truth Revealed |publisher=get2net |url=http://hjem.get2net.dk/JamesBond/www/artikler/steroidemisbrug/arnoldandsteroids.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031008172601/http://hjem.get2net.dk/JamesBond/www/artikler/steroidemisbrug/arnoldandsteroids.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 8, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Theunissen |first=Steve }}</ref>

In 1999, Schwarzenegger sued Willi Heepe, a German doctor who publicly predicted his early death on the basis of a link between his steroid use and [[#Accidents, injuries, and other health problems|later heart problems]]. Since the doctor never examined him personally, Schwarzenegger collected a US$10,000 [[Defamation#Germany|libel]] judgment against him in a German court.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Schwarzenegger Wins German Lawsuit |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1P1-24150868.html |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia.com |agency=United Press International |date=December 1, 1999 |access-date=December 6, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418105938/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1P1-24150868.html |archive-date=April 18, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1999, Schwarzenegger also sued and settled with ''[[Globe (tabloid)|Globe]]'', a U.S. tabloid which had made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health.<ref>{{cite news |title=Arnie settles $50m libel case |work=[[BBC News]] |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/574902.stm |date=December 22, 1999 |access-date=December 6, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110412023333/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/574902.stm |archive-date=April 12, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== List of competitions ===

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+Arnold Schwarzenegger in bodybuilding competitions
|-  style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! scope="col"|Year
! scope="col"| Competition<ref name="Arnold Titles Won">{{Cite book |title=Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder – Arnold Schwarzenegger – Google Books |url={{GBurl|id=UgzrogOX_gcC|p=10}} |date=1977 |access-date=October 11, 2016 |isbn=9781451697117 |last1=Schwarzenegger |first1=Arnold |publisher=Simon and Schuster }}</ref>
! scope="col"| Location
! scope="col"| Result and notes
|-
| 1965
! scope="row"| Junior Mr. Europe
| Germany || 1st
|-
| 1966
! scope="row"| Best Built Man of Europe
| Germany || 1st
|-
| 1966
! scope="row"| Mr. Europe
| Germany || 1st
|-
| 1966
! scope="row"|International Powerlifting Championship
| Germany || 1st
|-
| 1966
! scope="row"| NABBA Mr. Universe amateur
| London || 2nd to [[Chet Yorton]]
|-
| 1967
! scope="row"|NABBA Mr. Universe amateur
| London|| 1st
|-
| 1968
! scope="row"|NABBA Mr. Universe professional
| London|| 1st
|-
| 1968
! scope="row"|German Powerlifting Championship
| Germany || 1st
|-
| 1968
! scope="row"|IFBB Mr. International
| Mexico || 1st
|-
| 1968
! scope="row"|IFBB Mr. Universe
| Florida || 2nd to [[Frank Zane]]
|-
| 1969
! scope="row"|IFBB Mr. Universe amateur
| New York || 1st
|-
| 1969
! scope="row"|NABBA Mr. Universe professional
| London || 1st
|-
| 1969
! scope="row"|[[Mr. Olympia]]
| New York || 2nd to [[Sergio Oliva]]
|-
| 1970
! scope="row"|NABBA Mr. Universe professional
| London || 1st (defeated his idol [[Reg Park]])
|-
| 1970
! scope="row"|AAU [[Amateur Athletic Union|Mr. World]]
| [[Columbus, Ohio]] || 1st (defeated [[Sergio Oliva]] for the first time)
|-
| 1970
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| New York || 1st
|-
| 1971
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| Paris || 1st
|-
| 1972
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| [[Essen]], Germany || 1st
|-
| 1973
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| New York || 1st
|-
| 1974
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| New York || 1st
|-
| 1975
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| [[Pretoria]], South Africa || 1st (subject of the documentary ''[[Pumping Iron]]'')
|-
| 1980
! scope="row"|Mr. Olympia
| Sydney || 1st (subject of the documentary ''[[The Comeback (1980 film)|The Comeback]]'')
|}

== Statistics ==

* Height: {{cvt|6|ft|2|in}}
* Contest weight: {{cvt|235|lb|kg}}—the lightest in 1980 Mr. Olympia: around {{cvt|225|lb|kg}}, the heaviest in 1974 Mr. Olympia: around {{cvt|250|lb|kg}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.getbig.com/boards/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=249251.0;attach=291526;image|title=Image|website=Getbig.com|access-date=January 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924110751/http://www.getbig.com/boards/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=249251.0;attach=291526;image|archive-date=September 24, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Off-season weight: {{cvt|260|lb|kg|0}}
* Chest: {{cvt|57|in}}
* Waist: {{cvt|33|in}}
* Arms: {{cvt|22|in}}
* Thighs: {{cvt|29.5|in}}
* Calves: {{cvt|20|in}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/bodybuilders-arnold.htm|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Pro Bodybuilding Profile|date=July 29, 2013|website=Bodybuilding.com|access-date=October 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011060933/http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/bodybuilders-arnold.htm|archive-date=October 11, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Acting career ==
{{Main|Arnold Schwarzenegger filmography}}

=== 1970-1980: Early roles ===

Schwarzenegger wanted to move from bodybuilding into acting, finally achieving it when he was chosen to play the title role in ''[[Hercules in New York]]'' (1970). Credited under the stage name "Arnold Strong", his accent in the film was so thick that his lines were [[dubbing (filmmaking)|dubbed]] after production.<ref name="profilear" /> His second film appearance was as a mob hitman in ''[[The Long Goodbye (film)|The Long Goodbye]]'' (1973), which was followed by a much more significant part in the film ''[[Stay Hungry (film)|Stay Hungry]]'' (1976), for which he won the [[Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor]]. Schwarzenegger has discussed his early struggles in developing his acting career: "It was very difficult for me in the beginning&nbsp;– I was told by agents and casting people that my body was 'too weird', that I had a funny accent, and that my name was too long. You name it, and they told me I had to change it. Basically, everywhere I turned, I was told that I had no chance."<ref name="askarnold1" />
[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger being filmed for Pumping Iron.jpg|thumb|Schwarzenegger during filming for ''Pumping Iron'' in 1975]]
Schwarzenegger drew attention and boosted his profile in the [[bodybuilding]] film ''Pumping Iron'' (1977),<ref name="katzfilm" /><ref name="profilear" /> elements of which were dramatized. In 1991, he purchased the rights to the film, its outtakes, and associated still photography.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web |title=The Smoking Gun: Archive |publisher=TheSmokingGun |url=http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/arnoldpump1.html |access-date=May 11, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100427071904/http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/arnoldpump1.html |archive-date=April 27, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1977, he made guest appearances in single episodes of the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] sitcom ''[[The San Pedro Beach Bums]]'' and the ABC [[police procedural]] ''[[The Streets of San Francisco]]''. Schwarzenegger auditioned for the title role of ''[[The Incredible Hulk (1978 TV series)|The Incredible Hulk]]'', but did not win the role because of his height. Later, [[Lou Ferrigno]] got the part of Dr. David Banner's alter ego. Schwarzenegger appeared with [[Kirk Douglas]] and [[Ann-Margret]] in the 1979 comedy ''[[The Villain (1979 film)|The Villain]]''. In 1980, he starred in a biographical film of the 1950s actress [[Jayne Mansfield]] as Mansfield's husband, [[Mickey Hargitay]].

=== 1982-2003: Action superstar ===

Schwarzenegger's breakthrough film was the [[sword and sorcery]] epic ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)|Conan the Barbarian]]'' in 1982, which was a box-office hit.<ref name="katzfilm" /> This was followed by a sequel, ''[[Conan the Destroyer]]'', in 1984, although it was not as successful as its predecessor.<ref name="tessay">{{cite news |first=Clark |last=Collis |title=Empire Essay: The Terminator |url=https://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=132648 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235924/http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=132648 |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |work=Empire |access-date=April 18, 2008}}</ref> In 1983, Schwarzenegger starred in the promotional video ''[[Rio Carnival|Carnival]] in Rio''.<ref>{{cite magazine | url= https://ew.com/article/1992/06/12/carnival-rio/ | title= Carnival in Rio | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | first=Steve | last=Daly | date=June 12, 1992 | access-date=January 21, 2022}}</ref> In 1984, he made his first appearance as the eponymous character in [[James Cameron]]'s science fiction action film ''[[The Terminator]]''.<ref name="katzfilm" /><ref name="profilear" /><ref name="fanleam" /> It has been called his acting career's signature role.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/schwarzenegger-s-back-as-terminator-2275459.html | title= Schwarzenegger's back as Terminator | work=[[The Independent]] | date=April 27, 2011 | access-date=January 21, 2022}}</ref> Following this, Schwarzenegger made another sword and sorcery film, ''[[Red Sonja (1985 film)|Red Sonja]]'', in 1985.<ref name="tessay" /> During the 1980s, audiences had an appetite for action films, with both Schwarzenegger and [[Sylvester Stallone]] becoming international stars.<ref name="profilear" /> During the [[Schwarzenegger-Stallone rivalry]] they attacked each other in the press, and tried to surpass the other with more on-screen killings and larger weapons.{{r|pearson20171009}} Schwarzenegger's roles reflected his sense of humor, separating him from more serious action hero films. He made a number of successful action films in the 1980s, such as ''[[Commando (1985 film)|Commando]]'' (1985), ''[[Raw Deal (1986 film)|Raw Deal]]'' (1986), ''[[The Running Man (1987 film)|The Running Man]]'' (1987), ''[[Predator (film)|Predator]]'' (1987), and ''[[Red Heat (1988 film)|Red Heat]]'' (1988).

[[File:Chth arnold schwarzenegger.jpg|thumb|Footprints and handprints of Arnold Schwarzenegger in front of the [[Grauman's Chinese Theatre]], with his catchphrase "[[I'll be back]]" written in]]
''[[Twins (1988 film)|Twins]]'' (1988), a comedy with [[Danny DeVito]], also proved successful. ''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'' (1990) netted Schwarzenegger $10&nbsp;million (equivalent to ${{inflation|US|10|1990|r=1|fmt=c}} million today) and 15% of the film's gross. A science fiction script, the film was based on the [[Philip K. Dick]] short story "[[We Can Remember It for You Wholesale]]". ''[[Kindergarten Cop]]'' (1990) reunited him with director [[Ivan Reitman]], who directed him in ''Twins''. Schwarzenegger had a brief foray into directing, first with a 1990 episode of the TV series ''[[Tales from the Crypt (TV series)|Tales from the Crypt]]'', entitled "[[List of Tales from the Crypt episodes#Season 2 (1990)|The Switch]]",<ref>{{cite news |first=Jerry |last=Buck |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger directs |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1876&dat=19900422&id=xdIpAAAAIBAJ&pg=5765,1660751 |newspaper=Spartanburg Herald-Journal |agency=Associated Press |date=April 22, 1990 |access-date=October 19, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150903182833/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1876&dat=19900422&id=xdIpAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Ms4EAAAAIBAJ&pg=5765,1660751 |archive-date=September 3, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> and then with the 1992 [[telemovie]] ''[[Christmas in Connecticut (1992 film)|Christmas in Connecticut]]''.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Endrst |title='Connecticut' could use more of Arnold's muscle |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19920412&id=m1ZWAAAAIBAJ&pg=6719,2774672 |newspaper=The Register-Guard |date=April 12, 1992 |access-date=October 19, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150903182833/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19920412&id=m1ZWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=oesDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6719,2774672 |archive-date=September 3, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> He has not directed since.

Schwarzenegger's commercial peak was his return as the title character in ''[[Terminator 2: Judgment Day]]'' (1991), which was the highest-grossing film of the year. Film critic [[Roger Ebert]] commented that "Schwarzenegger's genius as a movie star is to find roles that build on, rather than undermine, his physical and vocal characteristics."<ref>{{cite news| date = July 3, 1991| work = Chicago Sun-Times| title = 'Terminator 2: Judgment Day' review by Roger Ebert| url = http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19910703/REVIEWS/107030301/1023| last=Ebert |first=Roger| access-date = August 24, 2010| author-link = Roger Ebert| url-status=live| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110606140553/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19910703%2FREVIEWS%2F107030301%2F1023| archive-date = June 6, 2011}}</ref> In 1993, the [[National Association of Theatre Owners]] named him the "International Star of the Decade".<ref name="lifeline" /> His next film project, the 1993 self-aware action comedy [[parody|spoof]] ''[[Last Action Hero]]'', was released opposite ''[[Jurassic Park (film)|Jurassic Park]]'', and did not do well at the box office. His next film, the comedy drama ''[[True Lies]]'' (1994), was a popular spy film and saw Schwarzenegger reunited with James Cameron.

That same year, the comedy ''[[Junior (1994 film)|Junior]]'' was released, the last of Schwarzenegger's three collaborations with Ivan Reitman and again co-starring Danny DeVito. This film brought him his second Golden Globe nomination, this time for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy|Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy]]. It was followed by the action thriller ''[[Eraser (film)|Eraser]]'' (1996), the Christmas comedy ''[[Jingle All The Way]]'' (1996), and the comic book-based ''[[Batman & Robin (film)|Batman & Robin]]'' (1997), in which he played the [[supervillain]] [[Mr. Freeze]]. This was his final film before taking time to recuperate from a back injury. Following the critical failure of ''Batman & Robin'', his film career and box office prominence went into decline. He returned with the supernatural thriller ''[[End of Days (film)|End of Days]]'' (1999), later followed by the action films ''[[The 6th Day]]'' (2000) and ''[[Collateral Damage (2002 film)|Collateral Damage]]'' (2002), both of which failed to do well at the box office. In 2003, he made his third appearance as the title character in ''[[Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines]]'', which went on to earn over $150&nbsp;million domestically (equivalent to ${{inflation|US|150|2003|r=0|fmt=c}} million today).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=terminator3.htm |title=Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003) |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=December 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208093821/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=terminator3.htm |archive-date=December 8, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.jpeg|thumb|Arnold Schwarzenegger's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame]]
In tribute to Schwarzenegger in 2002, Forum Stadtpark, a local cultural association, proposed plans to build a {{convert|25|m|ft|adj=mid|-tall|-1|sp=us}} ''Terminator'' statue in a park in central [[Graz]]. Schwarzenegger reportedly said he was flattered, but thought the money would be better spent on social projects and the [[Special Olympics]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold wants 'Terminator' statue killed |publisher=Killoggs |url=http://www.killoggs.com/news/?news=609 |date=September 27, 2002 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090223210646/http://www.killoggs.com/news/?news=609 |archive-date=February 23, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== 2004-2010: Retirement ===

His film appearances after becoming Governor of California included a three-second cameo appearance in ''[[The Rundown]]'' and the 2004 remake of ''[[Around the World in 80 Days (2004 film)|Around the World in 80 Days]]''. In 2005, he appeared as himself in the film ''[[The Kid & I]]''. He voiced [[Baron von Steuben]] in the ''[[Liberty's Kids]]'' episode "[[Valley Forge]]". He had been rumored to be appearing in ''[[Terminator Salvation]]'' as the original T-800; he denied his involvement,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://scifiwire.com/2009/03/arnold-confirms-but-downp.php |title=Arnold downplays a Terminator Salvation cameo |publisher=SCI FI Wire |access-date=March 11, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313234133/http://scifiwire.com/2009/03/arnold-confirms-but-downp.php |archive-date=March 13, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> but he ultimately did appear briefly via his image being inserted into the movie from stock footage of the first ''Terminator'' movie.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://movies.tvguide.com/Movie-News/Arnold-Schwarzenegger-Terminator-1005894.aspx |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger (Virtually) Back in Terminator Salvation |work=TV Guide |access-date=May 8, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520083012/http://movies.tvguide.com/Movie-News/Arnold-Schwarzenegger-Terminator-1005894.aspx |archive-date=May 20, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reelzchannel.com/person/176340/mcg |title=McG Talks Terminator Salvation |publisher=reelzchannel.com |access-date=May 11, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501190521/http://www.reelzchannel.com/person/176340/mcg |archive-date=May 1, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Schwarzenegger appeared in Sylvester Stallone's ''[[The Expendables (2010 film)|The Expendables]]'' (2010), where he made a [[cameo appearance]].

=== 2011-present: Return to acting ===

In January 2011, just weeks after leaving office in California, Schwarzenegger announced that he was reading several new scripts for future films, one of them being the World War II action drama ''With Wings as Eagles'', written by [[Randall Wallace]], based on a true story.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.krone.at/Welt/Schwarzenegger_Ich_lese_gerade_drei_Drehbuecher-Krone-Interview-Story-240860 |title=Schwarzenegger: "Ich lese gerade drei Drehbücher" – "Krone"-Interview – Welt |publisher=krone.at |date=January 16, 2011 |access-date=April 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119035212/http://www.krone.at/Welt/Schwarzenegger_Ich_lese_gerade_drei_Drehbuecher-Krone-Interview-Story-240860 |archive-date=January 19, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thearnoldfans.com/news/1741.html |title=Arnold's Big Comeback Film May Soar with "Wings"! Schwarzenegger is Considering 3 Movie Scripts! |publisher=TheArnoldFans.com |date=January 16, 2011 |access-date=April 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406131322/http://www.thearnoldfans.com/news/1741.html |archive-date=April 6, 2011}}</ref>

On March 6, 2011, at the Arnold Seminar of the Arnold Classic, Schwarzenegger revealed that he was being considered for several films, including sequels to ''[[The Terminator]]'' and remakes of ''[[Predator (film)|Predator]]'' and ''[[The Running Man (1987 film)|The Running Man]]'', and that he was "packaging" a comic book character.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thearnoldfans.com/news/1767.html |title=TAFs Exclusive: 15 Scripts and 1 Superhero! TAFs Q&A with Arnold at the 2011 Arnold Classic! |publisher=TheArnoldFans.com |date=March 6, 2011 |access-date=April 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110421231211/http://www.thearnoldfans.com/news/1767.html |archive-date=April 21, 2011}}</ref> The character was later revealed to be the Governator, star of the comic book and animated series of the same name. Schwarzenegger inspired the character and co-developed it with [[Stan Lee]], who would have produced the series. Schwarzenegger would have voiced the Governator.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/article/2011/03/30/arnold-schwarzenegger-the-governator-exclusive/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger is back as 'The Governator' |first=Benjamin |last=Svetkey |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019165010/http://popwatch.ew.com/2011/03/30/arnold-schwarzenegger-the-governator-exclusive/ |archive-date=October 19, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-governator-arnold-schwarzenegger_n_842921 |title='The Governator': Arnold Schwarzenegger Developing New Cartoon, Comic Book |work=HuffPost |access-date=December 29, 2021|first=Jordan |last=Zakarin |date=March 31, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903070342/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/31/the-governator-arnold-schwarzenegger_n_842921.html |archive-date=September 3, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-12918406 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger to make superhero show |publisher=BBC |date=March 31, 2011 |access-date=June 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218082309/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-12918406 |archive-date=February 18, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/showtracker/2011/03/arnold-schwarzenegger-teams-up-with-stan-lee-on-cartoon-series-the-governator.html |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger teams with Stan Lee on 'The Governator' |first=Melissa |last=Maerz |work=Los Angeles Times |date=March 31, 2011 |access-date=April 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404010256/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/showtracker/2011/03/arnold-schwarzenegger-teams-up-with-stan-lee-on-cartoon-series-the-governator.html |archive-date=April 4, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On May 20, 2011, Schwarzenegger's entertainment counsel announced that all film projects currently in development were being halted: "Schwarzenegger is focusing on personal matters and is not willing to commit to any production schedules or timelines."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20496056,00.html |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Halts All Acting Projects – Including Terminator |first=Sara |last=Hammel |work=People |access-date=October 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902054617/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20496056,00.html |archive-date=September 2, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> On July 11, 2011, it was announced that Schwarzenegger was considering a comeback film, despite legal problems related to his divorce.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Finke |first=Nikki |url=https://www.deadline.com/2011/07/arnold-schwarzenegger-books-last-stand-western-will-test-his-post-scandal-popularity/ |title=Arnold Books 'Last Stand': Studio To Test Schwarzenegger's Post-Scandal Popularity – |magazine=Deadline |access-date=October 9, 2011 |date=July 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019084025/http://www.deadline.com/2011/07/arnold-schwarzenegger-books-last-stand-western-will-test-his-post-scandal-popularity/ |archive-date=October 19, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> He starred in ''[[The Expendables 2]]'' (2012) as Trench Mauser,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Fleming |first=Mike |title='Expendables 2' Sets Action Dream Trio: Arnold Schwarzenegger, Bruce Willis Join Sly Stallone |url=https://www.deadline.com/2011/09/expendables-2-sets-action-dream-trio-arnold-schwarzenegger-bruce-willis-join-sly-stallone/ |magazine=Deadline |access-date=October 18, 2011 |date=September 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020044920/http://www.deadline.com/2011/09/expendables-2-sets-action-dream-trio-arnold-schwarzenegger-bruce-willis-join-sly-stallone/ |archive-date=October 20, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> and starred in ''[[The Last Stand (2013 film)|The Last Stand]]'' (2013), his first leading role in 10 years, and ''[[Escape Plan (film)|Escape Plan]]'' (2013), his first co-starring role alongside Sylvester Stallone. He starred in ''[[Sabotage (2014 film)|Sabotage]]'', released in March 2014, and returned as Trench Mauser in ''[[The Expendables 3]]'', released in August 2014. He starred in the fifth Terminator film ''[[Terminator Genisys]]'' in 2015,<ref name="katzfilm" /><ref name="profilear" /><ref name="fanleam">{{cite book |last=Leamer |first=Laurence |title=Fantastic: The life of Arnold Schwarzenegger |year=2005 |publisher=St Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-33338-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/fantasticlifeofa00leam }}</ref><ref>[https://screenrant.com/arnold-schwarzenegger-terminator-5/ Arnold Schwarzenegger Confirmed for 'Terminator 5'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130807205307/http://screenrant.com/arnold-schwarzenegger-terminator-5/ |date=August 7, 2013 }}. Screenrant.com (January 22, 2013). Retrieved September 27, 2013.</ref> and would reprise his role as [[Conan the Barbarian]] in ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)#Sequels|The Legend of Conan]]'',<ref name="abcnews.go.com">{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/arnold-schwarzenegger-file-revised-divorce-papers-denying-spousal/story?id=14142207 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger to File Revised Divorce Papers, Not Denying Spousal Support |work=ABC News |date=July 23, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723223016/http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/arnold-schwarzenegger-file-revised-divorce-papers-denying-spousal/story?id=14142207 |archive-date=July 23, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Fleming, Mike (October 25, 2012). "[https://www.deadline.com/2012/10/arnold-and-conan-the-barbarian-reunited-universal-reboots-action-franchise-with-schwarzenegger/ Arnold And 'Conan The Barbarian' Reunited: Universal Reboots Action Franchise With Schwarzenegger] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028195611/http://www.deadline.com/2012/10/arnold-and-conan-the-barbarian-reunited-universal-reboots-action-franchise-with-schwarzenegger/ |date=October 28, 2012 }}." Deadline.com. Retrieved October 30, 2012.</ref> later renamed ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)#Sequels|Conan the Conqueror]].''<ref name="ew.com Schwarzenegger Conan Sequel January 28, 2016">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.ew.com/article/2016/01/28/arnold-schwarzenegger-conan-sequel-title-plot |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger reveals new title, plot details about Conan sequel (by Jonathan Dornbush) |date=January 28, 2016 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=August 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818062640/http://www.ew.com/article/2016/01/28/arnold-schwarzenegger-conan-sequel-title-plot |archive-date=August 18, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, in April 2017, producer Chris Morgan stated that Universal had dropped the project, although there was a possibility of a TV show. The story of the film was supposed to be set 30 years after the first, with some inspiration from [[Clint Eastwood]]'s ''[[Unforgiven]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/arnold-schwarzeneggers-the-legend-of-conan-may-not-happen-after-all/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger's 'The Legend of Conan' May Not Happen After All |publisher=slashfilm.com |date=April 6, 2017 |access-date=April 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407061650/http://www.slashfilm.com/arnold-schwarzeneggers-the-legend-of-conan-may-not-happen-after-all/ |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In August 2016, his filming of action-comedy ''[[Killing Gunther]]'' was temporarily interrupted by bank robbers near the filming location in [[Surrey, British Columbia]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Robber tries pulling bank heist during Schwarzenegger movie shoot |url=http://bc.ctvnews.ca/robber-tries-pulling-bank-heist-during-schwarzenegger-movie-shoot-1.3035508 |work=CTV News Vancouver |date=August 19, 2016 |access-date=August 22, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822164057/http://bc.ctvnews.ca/robber-tries-pulling-bank-heist-during-schwarzenegger-movie-shoot-1.3035508 |archive-date=August 22, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> The film was released in September 2017. He was announced to star and produce in a film about the ruins of [[Sanxingdui]] called ''The Guest of Sanxingdui'' as an ambassador.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/1578850/arnold-schwarzenegger-making-a-3d-blockbuster-in-china-and-it-sounds-massive |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger to play ambassador in The Guest of Sanxingdui |last=Libbey |first=Dirk |date=October 28, 2016 |website=Cinemablend |access-date=October 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029044745/http://www.cinemablend.com/news/1578850/arnold-schwarzenegger-making-a-3d-blockbuster-in-china-and-it-sounds-massive |archive-date=October 29, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On February 6, 2018, [[Amazon Studios]] announced they were working with Schwarzenegger to develop a new series entitled ''Outrider'' in which he will star and executive produce. The western-drama set in the Oklahoma Indian Territory in the late 19th century will follow a deputy (portrayed by Schwarzenegger) who is tasked with apprehending a legendary outlaw in the wilderness, but is forced to partner with a ruthless Federal Marshal to make sure justice is properly served. The series will also mark as Schwarzenegger's first major scripted TV role.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://deadline.com/2018/02/arnold-schwarzenegger-outrider-western-event-series-amazon-development-1202278941/|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger To Topline 'Outrider' Western TV Series In Works At Amazon|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|magazine=Deadline|date=February 6, 2018|access-date=February 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206211034/http://deadline.com/2018/02/arnold-schwarzenegger-outrider-western-event-series-amazon-development-1202278941/|archive-date=February 6, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger returned to the ''Terminator'' franchise with ''[[Terminator: Dark Fate]]'', which was released on November 1, 2019. It was produced by the series' co-creator James Cameron, who directed him previously in the first two films in the series and in ''True Lies''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/film/james-cameron-terminator-6-will-sequel-terminator-2-2145507|title=James Cameron: 'Terminator 6 will be a sequel to Terminator 2'|first=Larry|last=Bartleet|date=September 28, 2017|website=NME|access-date=January 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301220535/https://www.nme.com/news/film/james-cameron-terminator-6-will-sequel-terminator-2-2145507|archive-date=March 1, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/terminator-6-schwarzenegger-human-t-800-robot/|title=Terminator 6: Schwarzenegger Will Be the Human Basis for the T-800|date=August 10, 2017|website=ScreenRant|access-date=January 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204023052/https://screenrant.com/terminator-6-schwarzenegger-human-t-800-robot/|archive-date=February 4, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> It was shot in [[Almería]], Hungary and the US.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cárceles |first=Miguel |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger rodará Terminator 6 en Almería |url=http://www.ideal.es/almeria/almeria/arnold-schwarzenegger-rodara-20180307211551-nt.html |date=March 7, 2018 |access-date=May 30, 2018 |newspaper=[[Ideal (newspaper)|Ideal]] |language=es |publisher=Vocento |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612062314/http://www.ideal.es/almeria/almeria/arnold-schwarzenegger-rodara-20180307211551-nt.html |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== 2015-2017: ''The Celebrity Apprentice'' ===

In September 2015, the media announced that Schwarzenegger was to replace [[Donald Trump]] as host of ''[[The New Celebrity Apprentice]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/09/14/media/arnold-schwarzenegger-apprentice-nbc/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger is the next host of NBC's 'Celebrity Apprentice' |author=Brian Stelter and Frank Pallotta |date=September 14, 2015 |work=CNNMoney |access-date=September 14, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916224406/https://money.cnn.com/2015/09/14/media/arnold-schwarzenegger-apprentice-nbc |archive-date=September 16, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> This show, the 15th season of ''The Apprentice'', aired during the 2016–2017 TV season. In the show, he used the phrases "you're terminated" and "get to the choppa", which are quotes from some of his famous roles (''[[The Terminator]]'' and ''[[Predator (film)|Predator]]'', respectively), when firing the contestants.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/arnold-schwarzenegger-celebrity-apprentice-catchphrase-get-to-the-chopper-predator-a7506741.html|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger has revealed his cheesy firing catchphrase for Celebrity Apprentice|date=January 3, 2017|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=December 13, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/03/arts/television/schwarzenegger-celebrity-apprentice-donald-trump.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/03/arts/television/schwarzenegger-celebrity-apprentice-donald-trump.html |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |url-access=limited|title=With Schwarzenegger as Host, 'Celebrity Apprentice' Lacks Old Bite|last=Hale|first=Mike|date=January 3, 2017|work=The New York Times|access-date=December 13, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In March 2017, following repeated criticisms from Trump, Schwarzenegger announced that he would not return for another season on the show. He also reacted to Trump's remarks in January 2017 via Instagram: "Hey, Donald, I have a great idea. Why don't we switch jobs? You take over TV because you're such an expert in ratings, and I take over your job, and then people can finally sleep comfortably again."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2017/03/03/arnold-quits-apprentice-before-he-can-fired/98700892/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger leaves 'Apprentice,' Trump says he was fired |website=[[USA Today]] |access-date=March 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412023719/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2017/03/03/arnold-quits-apprentice-before-he-can-fired/98700892/ |archive-date=April 12, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Political career ==

{{Main|Political career of Arnold Schwarzenegger}}

=== Early politics ===

[[File:Arnold-Cheney.jpg|thumb|Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] meets with Schwarzenegger for the first time at the [[White House]].]]
[[File:Reagan+Schwarzenegger1984.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Schwarzenegger with President [[Ronald Reagan]] in 1984]]
Schwarzenegger has been a registered [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] for many years. When he was an actor, his political views were always well known as they contrasted with those of many other prominent Hollywood stars, who are generally considered to be a left-wing and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]-leaning community. At the [[2004 Republican National Convention]], Schwarzenegger gave a speech and explained that he was a Republican because he believed the Democrats of the 1960s sounded too much like [[Social Democratic Party of Austria|Austrian socialists]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/08/31/gop.schwarzenegger.transcript/ |date=August 31, 2004 |title=Schwarzenegger: No country more welcoming than the USA |publisher=CNN|access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408110102/http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/08/31/gop.schwarzenegger.transcript/ |archive-date=April 8, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{blockquote|I finally arrived here in 1968. What a special day it was. I remember I arrived here with empty pockets but full of dreams, full of determination, full of desire. The [[1968 United States presidential election|presidential campaign]] was in full swing. I remember watching the [[Richard Nixon|Nixon]]–[[Hubert Humphrey|Humphrey]] presidential race on TV. A friend of mine who spoke German and English translated for me. I heard Humphrey saying things that sounded like socialism, which I had just left.

But then I heard Nixon speak. He was talking about free enterprise, getting the government off your back, lowering the taxes and strengthening the military. Listening to Nixon speak sounded more like a breath of fresh air. I said to my friend, I said, "What party is he?" My friend said, "He's a Republican." I said, "Then I am a Republican." And I have been a Republican ever since.}}

[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger on Capitol Hill (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|Arnold Schwarzenegger on Capitol Hill in 1991 for an event related to the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports]]
In 1985, Schwarzenegger appeared in "[[Stop the Madness]]", an anti-drug music video sponsored by the [[Presidency of Ronald Reagan|Reagan administration]]. He first came to wide public notice as a Republican during the [[1988 United States presidential election|1988 presidential election]], accompanying then–Vice President [[George H. W. Bush]] at a campaign rally.<ref name="Noonan">{{cite book |last=Noonan |first=Peggy |author-link=Peggy Noonan |title=What I Saw at the Revolution: A Political Life in the Reagan Era |publisher=Random House |date=October 14, 2003 |location=New York |page=384 |isbn=978-0-8129-6989-4}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger famously introduced the first episode of the 1990 [[Milton Friedman]] hosted [[PBS]] series ''[[Free to Choose]]'' stating: {{blockquote|I truly believe that the series has changed my life, and when you have such a powerful experience as that, I think you shouldn't keep it to yourself, so I wanted to share it with you. Being 'Free to choose' for me means being free to make your own decisions, free to live your own life, pursue your own goals, chase your own rainbow without the government breathing down on your neck or standing on your shoes. For me that meant coming here to America, because I came from a socialistic country where the government controls the economy. It's a place where you can hear 18-year-old kids already talking about their pension. But me, I wanted more. I wanted to be the best. Individualism like that is incompatible with socialism. So I felt I had to come to America.<ref name="Financial Post, Foster, Jan. 25th, 2011">{{cite news |last1=Foster |first1=Peter |title=Peter Foster: Whatever happened to muscular capitalism? |url=https://financialpost.com/opinion/peter-foster-whatever-happened-to-muscular-capitalism |newspaper=Financial Post |date=January 26, 2011 |access-date=15 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="Hoover Institution, Schwarzenegger, 1990">{{cite web |last1=Schwarzenegger |first1=Arnold |title=A clip from episode Volume 1 of the 1990 Free to Choose television series |url=https://digitalcollections.hoover.org/objects/56646 |website=digitalcollections.hoover.org |publisher=Hoover Institution: Library & Archives |access-date=November 15, 2022}}</ref>}} Schwarzenegger goes on to tell of how he and his then wife Maria Shriver were in [[Palm Springs, California|Palm Springs]] preparing to play a game of [[mixed doubles]] when Milton Friedman's famous show came on the television. Schwarzenegger recalls that while watching Friedman's ''Free to Choose'', Schwarzenegger, "...recognized Friedman from the study of my own degree in economics, but I didn't know I was watching Free to Choose... it knocked me out. Dr. Friedman expressed, validated and explained everything I ever thought or experienced or observed about the way the economy works, and I guess I was really ready to hear it."<ref name="Hoover Institution, Schwarzenegger, 1990" /> Numerous critics state that Schwarzenegger strayed from much of Friedman's economic ways of thinking in later years, especially upon being elected Governor of California from 2003 through 2011.<ref name="Reason, Passatino, Feb. 9th, 2007">{{cite web |last1=Passantino |first1=George |title=Schwarzenegger Goes From Milton Friedman to Big Government |url=https://reason.org/commentary/schwarzenegger-goes-from-milto/ |work=Reason |date=February 9, 2007 |access-date=November 15, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Meyerson |first1=Harold |title=Arnold Meets His Match |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2005/05/25/arnold-meets-his-match/6d87ac3e-eeed-441e-8cb0-393a85c368ae/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=November 15, 2022}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger's first political appointment was as chairman of the [[President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports]], on which he served from 1990 to 1993.<ref name="lifeline"/> He was nominated by the then-President Bush, who dubbed him "[[Conan the Barbarian|Conan]] the Republican". He later served as chairman for the California Governor's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports under Governor [[Pete Wilson]].

Between 1993 and 1994, Schwarzenegger was a [[Red Cross]] ambassador (a ceremonial role fulfilled by celebrities), recording several television and radio [[public service announcement]]s to donate blood.

In an interview with ''[[Talk (magazine)|Talk]]'' magazine in late 1999, Schwarzenegger was asked if he thought of running for office. He replied, "I think about it many times. The possibility is there because I feel it inside." ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' claimed shortly after that Schwarzenegger sought to end speculation that he might run for [[governor of California]]. Following his initial comments, Schwarzenegger said, "I'm in show business&nbsp;– I am in the middle of my career. Why would I go away from that and jump into something else?"<ref>{{cite news |title=Arnold cast as Governor? |date=October 4, 1999 |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/news.asp?id=90 |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523203946/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/news.asp%3Fid%3D90 |archive-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Governor of California ===

{{Main|First term of Arnold Schwarzenegger as governor of California|Second term of Arnold Schwarzenegger as governor of California}}
{{redirect|Governator|the song|American Idiot}}
[[File:A. Schwarzenegger.jpg|thumb|upright|Schwarzenegger's official portrait as Governor of California, 2003]]
Schwarzenegger announced his candidacy in the [[California recall election, 2003|2003 California recall election]] for Governor of California on the August 6, 2003, episode of ''[[The Tonight Show with Jay Leno]]''.<ref name="profilear" /> Schwarzenegger had the most name recognition in a crowded field of candidates, but he had never held public office and his political views were unknown to most Californians. His candidacy immediately became national and international news, with media outlets dubbing him the "Governator" (referring to ''The Terminator'' movies, see above) and "[[The Running Man (1987 film)|The Running Man]]" (the name of another one of his films), and calling the recall election "[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]" (yet another movie starring Schwarzenegger). Schwarzenegger declined to participate in several debates with other recall replacement candidates, and appeared in only one debate on September 24, 2003.<ref name="FirstDebate">{{cite news |last=Grey |first=Barry |title=First debate in California recall election: Snapshot of a political system in crisis |date=November 6, 2003 |url=http://www.wsws.org/articles/2003/sep2003/cali-s06.shtml |publisher=wsws.org |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508191758/http://www.wsws.org/articles/2003/sep2003/cali-s06.shtml |archive-date=May 8, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Schwarzenegger Bush.jpg|thumb|President [[George W. Bush]] meets with Schwarzenegger after his successful election to the California Governorship.]]
On October 7, 2003, the recall election resulted in Governor [[Gray Davis]] being removed from office with 55.4% of the ''Yes'' vote in favor of a recall. Schwarzenegger was elected Governor of California under the second question on the ballot with 48.6% of the vote to choose a successor to Davis. Schwarzenegger defeated Democrat [[Cruz Bustamante]], fellow Republican [[Tom McClintock]], and others. His nearest rival, Bustamante, received 31% of the vote. In total, Schwarzenegger won the election by about 1.3&nbsp;million votes. Under the regulations of the [[California Constitution]], no runoff election was required. Schwarzenegger was the second foreign-born governor of California after Irish-born Governor [[John G. Downey]] in 1862.

Schwarzenegger is a [[Rockefeller Republican|moderate Republican]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/us/california-today-arnold-schwarzenegger-republican-party.html|title=California Today: Schwarzenegger's Republican Manifesto|access-date=July 28, 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728071358/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/us/california-today-arnold-schwarzenegger-republican-party.html|archive-date=July 28, 2018|url-status=live|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 22, 2018 |last1=Nagourney |first1=Adam |last2=Fuller |first2=Thomas }}</ref> He says he is fiscally conservative and socially liberal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/03/schwarzenegger-kasich-promote-moderate-gop-in-california.html|title=Schwarzenegger, Kasich Are Going to Try to Pull the California GOP to the Middle|last=Kilgore|first=Ed|work=Intelligencer|access-date=December 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728071127/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/03/schwarzenegger-kasich-promote-moderate-gop-in-california.html|archive-date=July 28, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> On the issue of abortion, he describes himself as [[pro-choice]], but supports parental notification for minors and a ban on partial-birth abortion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/08/27/schwarzenegger.views/index.html|publisher=CNN|title=Schwarzenegger on abortion, gays, environment|date=August 28, 2003|access-date=July 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916190026/http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/08/27/schwarzenegger.views/index.html|archive-date=September 16, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> He has supported gay rights, such as domestic partnerships, and he performed a same-sex marriage as governor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/arnold-schwarzenegger-married-gay-couples-same-sex-marriage-republican-governor-california_n_1927215|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Married Two Gay Couples As Republican Governor Of California|last=Sieczkowski|first=Cavan|date=September 30, 2012|work=HuffPost|access-date=December 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417064827/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/30/arnold-schwarzenegger-married-gay-couples-same-sex-marriage-republican-governor-california_n_1927215.html|archive-date=April 17, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> However, Schwarzenegger vetoed bills that would have legalized [[same-sex marriage]] in California in 2005 and 2007.<ref>{{cite news |last=Buchanan |first=Wyatt |date=September 13, 2005 |url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/SAN-FRANCISCO-Gay-rights-advocates-still-trying-2608851.php |title=Gay rights advocates still trying to change Schwarzenegger's mind |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|access-date=December 29, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/07-08/bill/asm/ab_0001-0050/ab_43_vt_20071012.html|title=AB 43 Assembly Bill - Veto|website=leginfo.ca.gov}}</ref> He additionally vetoed two bills that would have implemented a [[single-payer health care]] system in California in 2006<ref name="ncbi34">{{Cite journal |last=Korcok |first=Milan |date=October 10, 2006 |title=Schwarzenegger vetoes single-payer bill |journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal |volume=175 |issue=8 |page=860 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.061200 |pmid=17030932 |pmc=1586096 }}</ref><ref name="caassembly19">{{Cite web|url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=200520060SB840|title=Bill Status|website=leginfo.legislature.ca.gov}}</ref> and 2008,<ref name="veto2008">{{Cite web |last=Rojas |first=Aurelio |date=September 30, 2008 |title=Gov. Schwarzenegger again vetoes single payer bill |url=http://www.pnhp.org/news/2008/october/gov_schwarzenegger_.php |access-date=April 9, 2021 |website=Physicians for a National Health Program}}</ref> respectively.

Schwarzenegger was entrenched in what he considered to be his mandate in cleaning up [[Gridlock (politics)|political gridlock]]. Building on a catchphrase from the sketch "[[Hans and Franz]]" from ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' (which partly parodied his bodybuilding career), Schwarzenegger called the Democratic State politicians "[[girlie men]]".<ref name="SFGirlieMen">{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger deems opponents 'girlie-men' |date=July 18, 2004 |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/07/18/MNGH57NKAF1.DTL |work=The San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=April 18, 2008 |first=Peter |last=Nicholas |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080504060359/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fchronicle%2Farchive%2F2004%2F07%2F18%2FMNGH57NKAF1.DTL |archive-date=May 4, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:ArnoldSchwarzeneggerSDJun10.jpg|thumb|upright|Arnold Schwarzenegger in June 2010]]
Schwarzenegger's early victories included repealing an unpopular increase in the vehicle registration fee as well as preventing driver's licenses from being given out to illegal immigrants, but later he began to feel the backlash when powerful state unions began to oppose his various initiatives. Key among his reckoning with political realities was a [[California special election, 2005|special election]] he called in November 2005, in which four ballot measures he sponsored were defeated. Schwarzenegger accepted personal responsibility for the defeats and vowed to continue to seek consensus for the people of California. He would later comment that "no one could win if the opposition raised 160&nbsp;million dollars to defeat you". The U.S. Supreme Court later found the public employee unions' use of compulsory fundraising during the campaign had been illegal in ''[[Knox v. Service Employees International Union, Local 1000]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotusblog.com/2012/06/opinion-analysis-knox-knocks-unions-on-mid-year-assessment-for-non-members/ |title=Opinion analysis: Knox knocks unions on mid-year assessment for non-members |work=SCOTUSblog |date=June 25, 2012 |access-date=April 18, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415065401/http://www.scotusblog.com/2012/06/opinion-analysis-knox-knocks-unions-on-mid-year-assessment-for-non-members/ |archive-date=April 15, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Dmitry Medvedev in the United States 23 June 2010-5.jpeg|thumb|right|Schwarzenegger with Russian President [[Dmitry Medvedev]] and [[Cisco Systems|Cisco]] CEO [[John T. Chambers|John Chambers]]]]
Schwarzenegger, against the advice of fellow Republican strategists, appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. He gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election.

Schwarzenegger ran for re-election against Democrat [[Phil Angelides]], the [[California State Treasurer]], in the [[2006 California gubernatorial election|2006 elections]], held on November 7, 2006. Despite a poor year nationally for the Republican party, Schwarzenegger won re-election with 56.0% of the vote compared with 38.9% for Angelides, a margin of well over 1 million votes.<ref>{{cite web |title=General Election&nbsp;– Governor |publisher=California Secretary of State |url=http://vote.ss.ca.gov/Returns/gov/00.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219111658/http://vote.ss.ca.gov/Returns/gov/00.htm |archive-date=February 19, 2007 |access-date=April 18, 2008}}</ref> Around this time, many commentators saw Schwarzenegger as moving away from the right and towards the center of the political spectrum. After hearing a speech by Schwarzenegger at the 2006 [[Martin Luther King Jr. Day]] breakfast, in which Schwarzenegger said, in part "How wrong I was when I said everyone has an equal opportunity to make it in America [...] the state of California does not provide (equal) education for all of our children", San Francisco mayor & future governor of California [[Gavin Newsom]] said that "[H]e's becoming a Democrat [... H]e's running back, not even to the center. I would say center-left".<ref>{{cite news|url = https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/New-Schwarzenegger-gets-surprisingly-warm-2543455.php|title = 'New' Schwarzenegger gets surprisingly warm welcome / His talk at King Day breakfast has a Democratic sound|last = Marinucci|first = Carla|date = January 17, 2006|work = [[San Francisco Chronicle]]|access-date = June 30, 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190630050329/https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/New-Schwarzenegger-gets-surprisingly-warm-2543455.php|archive-date = June 30, 2019|url-status = live}}</ref>

Some speculated that Schwarzenegger might run for the [[United States Senate]] in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. Such rumors turned out to be false.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/22/AR2006122201476.html |title=Schwarzenegger Remakes Himself as Environmentalist |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=July 13, 2008 |first=John |last=Pomfret |date=December 23, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010215332/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/22/AR2006122201476.html |archive-date=October 10, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2009/03/22/MNJH16KC5G.DTL |title=Predictions for Schwarzenegger's Next Big Role |author=Marinucci, Carla |date=March 22, 2009 |access-date=March 23, 2009 |work=San Francisco Chronicle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326025246/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2009%2F03%2F22%2FMNJH16KC5G.DTL |archive-date=March 26, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Visit wildfires 2007.jpg|thumb|With Schwarzenegger and Senator [[Dianne Feinstein]] behind him, President [[George W. Bush]] comments on [[October 2007 California wildfires|wildfires and firefighting efforts]] in California, October 2007.]]
Wendy Leigh, who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger, claims he plotted his political rise from an early age using the movie business and bodybuilding as the means to escape a depressing home.<ref name="governG2" /> Leigh portrays Schwarzenegger as obsessed with power and quotes him as saying, "I wanted to be part of the small percentage of people who were leaders, not the large mass of followers. I think it is because I saw leaders use 100% of their potential&nbsp;– I was always fascinated by people in control of other people."<ref name="governG2" /> Schwarzenegger has said that it was never his intention to enter politics, but he says, "I married into a political family. You get together with them and you hear about policy, about reaching out to help people. I was exposed to the idea of being a public servant and Eunice and [[Sargent Shriver]] became my heroes."<ref name="LAWarn" /> Eunice Kennedy Shriver was the sister of [[John F. Kennedy]], and mother-in-law to Schwarzenegger; Sargent Shriver is husband to Eunice and father-in-law to Schwarzenegger.

Schwarzenegger cannot run for U.S. president as he is not a [[natural-born citizen of the United States]]. Schwarzenegger is a [[Multiple citizenship|dual]] Austrian and United States citizen.<ref name="DamageAustria">{{cite news |title=BBC News: Schwarzenegger 'damages Austria' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4198633.stm |work=BBC News |date=January 22, 2005 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |quote=He said Mr Schwarzenegger, who has dual nationality... |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408114325/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4198633.stm |archive-date=April 8, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> He has held [[Austrian nationality law|Austrian citizenship]] since birth and [[United States nationality law|U.S. citizenship]] since becoming naturalized in 1983. Being Austrian and thus European, he was able to win the 2007 [[European Voice]] campaigner of the year award for taking action against climate change with the California [[Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006]] and plans to introduce an emissions trading scheme with other US states and possibly with the EU.<ref name="EV50">{{cite web |title=Schwarzenegger wins European Voice campaigner of the year award |publisher=European Voice |url=http://www.europeanvoice.com/page/the-evawards-europeans-of-the-year/784.aspx |date=November 27, 2007 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919214944/http://www.europeanvoice.com/page/the-evawards-europeans-of-the-year/784.aspx |archive-date=September 19, 2008 }}</ref>

[[File:US Navy 100729-N-0208R-156 California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger speaks with Hospital Corpsman 3rd Class Anthony Ameen, center, and Marine Sgt. Maj. Patrick A. Wilkinson.jpg|thumb|Governor Schwarzenegger during his visit to [[Naval Medical Center San Diego|Naval Medical Center]] in San Diego, July 2010]]
Because of his personal wealth from his acting career, Schwarzenegger did not accept his governor's salary of $175,000 per year.<ref name="Taxformsre">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Soraya |title=News: Schwarzenegger releases tax returns |publisher=OCRegister.com |url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/news/atoz/article_1102616.php |date=April 15, 2006 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413151328/http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/news/atoz/article_1102616.php |archive-date=April 13, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger's endorsement in the [[Republican Party presidential primaries, 2008|Republican primary]] of the [[2008 U.S. presidential election]] was highly sought; despite being good friends with candidates [[Rudy Giuliani]] and Senator [[John McCain]], Schwarzenegger remained neutral throughout 2007 and early 2008. Giuliani dropped out of the presidential race on January 30, 2008, largely because of a poor showing in Florida, and endorsed McCain. Later that night, Schwarzenegger was in the audience at a Republican debate at the [[Ronald Reagan Presidential Library]] in California. The following day, he endorsed McCain, joking, "It's Rudy's fault!" (in reference to his friendships with both candidates and that he could not make up his mind). Schwarzenegger's endorsement was thought to be a boost for Senator McCain's campaign; both spoke about their concerns for the environment and economy.<ref>{{cite web |work=The Baltimore Sun |url=http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/news/politics/blog/2008/01/arnold_opens_flood_of_mccain_e.html |title=Arnold opens 'flood' of McCain endorsements |access-date=May 7, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307072727/http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/news/politics/blog/2008/01/arnold_opens_flood_of_mccain_e.html |archive-date=March 7, 2008 }}</ref>

In its April 2010 report, [[Progressivism|Progressive]] ethics watchdog group [[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]] named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the United States because of various ethics issues throughout Schwarzenegger's term as governor.<ref>{{cite news |last=Vogel |first=Ed |title=Gibbons named on list of worst governors |newspaper=[[Las Vegas Review-Journal]] |date=April 21, 2010 |url=http://www.lvrj.com/news/gibbons-named-on-list-of-worst-governors-91723774.html |access-date=May 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100424192548/http://www.lvrj.com/news/gibbons-named-on-list-of-worst-governors-91723774.html |archive-date=April 24, 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Crew's Worst Governors |publisher=[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]] |url=http://www.citizensforethics.org/worstgovernors#Gibbons |access-date=May 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100424212401/http://www.citizensforethics.org/worstgovernors#Gibbons |archive-date=April 24, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Governor Schwarzenegger played a significant role in opposing [[California Proposition 66 (2004)|Proposition 66]], a proposed amendment of the Californian [[Three Strikes Law]], in November 2004. This amendment would have required the third felony to be either violent or serious to mandate a 25-years-to-life sentence. In the last week before the ballot, Schwarzenegger launched an intense campaign<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7F6PBldQxZc |title=TV-commercial of Arnold Schwarzenegger against Proposition 66 |via=YouTube |date=April 7, 2008 |access-date=March 8, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328232600/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7F6PBldQxZc |archive-date=March 28, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> against Proposition 66.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://articles.latimes.com/2004/nov/01/local/me-campaign1 |first1=Megan |last1=Garvey |first2=Robert |last2=Salladay |title=Prop. 66 in Tough Fight |work=Los Angeles Times |date=November 1, 2004 |access-date=March 8, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123000753/http://articles.latimes.com/2004/nov/01/local/me-campaign1 |archive-date=January 23, 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref> He stated that "it would release 26,000 dangerous criminals and rapists".<ref name=npr>{{cite web |last=Jaffe |first=Ina |title=Two Torn Families Show Flip Side Of 3 Strikes Law |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=114219922 |publisher=NPR |date=October 28, 2009 |access-date=March 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303152234/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=114219922 |archive-date=March 3, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Although he began his tenure as governor with record high approval ratings (as high as 65% in May 2004),<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Schwarzenegger-a-big-hit-with-voters-polls-2755624.php Schwarzenegger a big hit with voters, polls report / Soaring popularity cuts across party, geographical lines] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102144704/http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Schwarzenegger-a-big-hit-with-voters-polls-2755624.php |date=January 2, 2018 }}; San Francisco Chronicle; May 27, 2004</ref> he left office with a near-record low 23%<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2011/01/03/132445643/no-hollywood-ending-to-schwarzeneggers-term|title=No Hollywood Ending To Schwarzenegger's Term|work=NPR|first=Ina|last=Jaffe|date=January 3, 2011|access-date=June 16, 2023}}</ref> only one percent higher than that of Gray Davis, when he was recalled in October 2003.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/blogs/politi-cal/story/2010-03-22/approval-for-schwarzenegger-legislature-at-record-lows |title=Approval for Schwarzenegger, Legislature at record lows |work=Los Angeles Times |date=March 22, 2010 |access-date=June 16, 2023 }}</ref>

==== Death of Luis Santos ====

{{Main|Death of Luis Santos}}
In May 2010, Esteban Núñez pleaded guilty to voluntary manslaughter and was sentenced to 16 years in prison for the [[death of Luis Santos]]. Núñez is the son of [[Fabian Núñez]], then [[California Assembly]] Speaker of the House and a close friend and staunch political ally of then governor Schwarzenegger.<ref name="thereporter1">{{cite web |url=http://www.thereporter.com/article/zz/20120908/NEWS/120907396 |title=Judge: Former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger's sentence cutting of Esteban Nunez was legal |date=March 10, 2006 |publisher=Thereporter.com |access-date=October 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011223803/http://www.thereporter.com/article/zz/20120908/NEWS/120907396 |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailynews.com/article/ZZ/20110105/NEWS/110108106 |title=Dan Walters: Schwarzenegger leaves a foul stench |publisher=Dailynews.com |date=May 7, 2013 |access-date=October 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013105720/http://www.dailynews.com/article/ZZ/20110105/NEWS/110108106 |archive-date=October 13, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nydailynews1">{{cite news |last=Dillon |first=Nancy |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/calif-pol-son-killed-college-student-prison-article-1.2596545 |title=Calif. pol's son who killed college student out of prison |newspaper=Daily News|location=New York |date=April 11, 2016 |access-date=October 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011060905/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/calif-pol-son-killed-college-student-prison-article-1.2596545 |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author-link1=Christopher Goffard |last=Goffard |first=Christopher |url=http://graphics.latimes.com/nunez-santos-part-2/ |title=On the eve of a murder trial, a deal is struck. But will it stick? |work=Los Angeles Times |date=December 23, 2014 |access-date=October 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905151052/http://graphics.latimes.com/nunez-santos-part-2/ |archive-date=September 5, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

As a personal favor to "a friend", just hours before he left office, and as one of his last official acts, Schwarzenegger [[Commutation of sentence|commuted]] Núñez's sentence by more than half, to seven years.<ref name="nydailynews1"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/04/us/04pardon.html |title=Schwarzenegger Commutes Sentence of Politician's Son |first=Ian |last=Lovett |date=January 3, 2011 |access-date=March 13, 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730204846/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/04/us/04pardon.html |archive-date=July 30, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |last=Lah |first=Kyung |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/07/us/arnold-schwarzenegger-clemency/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger's last act as governor follows him |publisher=CNN |date=July 8, 2015 |access-date=October 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011142512/http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/07/us/arnold-schwarzenegger-clemency/ |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> He believed that Núñez's sentence was "excessive" in comparison with the same prison term imposed on Ryan Jett, the man who fatally stabbed Santos.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dobuzinskis |first=Alex |date=January 4, 2011 |title=Schwarzenegger criticized after commuting Nunez sentence |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-schwarzenegger-commutation-idUSTRE7030DC20110104 |access-date=June 8, 2022}}</ref> Against protocol, Schwarzenegger did not inform Santos' family or the San Diego County prosecutors about the commutation. They learned about it in a call from a reporter.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

The Santos family, along with the San Diego district attorney, sued to stop the commutation, claiming that it violated [[Marsy's Law]]. In September 2012, Sacramento County superior court judge Lloyd Connelly stated, "Based on the evidentiary records before this court involving this case, there was an abuse of discretion...This was a distasteful commutation. It was repugnant to the bulk of the citizenry of this state." However, Connelly ruled that Schwarzenegger remained within his executive powers as governor.<ref name="thereporter1"/> Subsequently, as a direct result of the way the commutation was handled, Governor [[Jerry Brown]] signed a bipartisan bill that allows offenders' victims and their families to be notified at least 10 days before any commutations.<ref>{{cite web |last=McGreevy |first=Patrick |url=https://articles.latimes.com/2011/oct/04/local/la-me-brown-legislation-20111004 |title=Gov. Jerry Brown signs notification bill on reducing sentences |work=Los Angeles Times |date=October 4, 2011 |access-date=October 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011223323/http://articles.latimes.com/2011/oct/04/local/la-me-brown-legislation-20111004 |archive-date=October 11, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Núñez was released from prison after serving less than six years.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-esteban-nunez-released-from-prison-20160410-story.html |title=Esteban Nuñez is released from prison after his sentence was drastically reduced by Schwarzenegger |work=Los Angeles Times |agency=Associated Press |date=April 10, 2016 |access-date=March 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012035352/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-esteban-nunez-released-from-prison-20160410-story.html |archive-date=October 12, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Drug use and allegations of sexual misconduct ===

[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger sexual harassment protestors750.jpg|thumb|[[Code Pink]] protesting against Schwarzenegger]]
During his [[2003 California gubernatorial recall election|initial campaign for governor in 2003]], allegations of sexual and personal misconduct were raised against Schwarzenegger.<ref name="grope1">{{cite news |title=Sex scandal draws Arnie apology |date=March 10, 2004 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3159122.stm |publisher=BBC |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218154557/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3159122.stm |archive-date=December 18, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> Within the last five days before the election, news reports appeared in the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' recounting decades-old allegations of sexual misconduct from six individual women.<ref name="behaving badly">{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger sorry for behaving 'badly' toward women |publisher=CNN|url=http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/10/02/recall.schwarzenegger/index.html |date=October 3, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408110108/http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/10/02/recall.schwarzenegger/index.html |archive-date=April 8, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="grope1" /> Schwarzenegger responded to the allegations in 2004 admitting that he has "behaved badly sometimes" and apologized, but also stated that "a lot of [what] you see in the stories is not true".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/oct/03/usa.filmnews|title= Schwarzenegger admits behaving badly after groping claims|website= The Guardian|date= October 3, 2003|access-date= January 11, 2021}}</ref> One of the women who came forward was British television personality [[Anna Richardson]], who settled a libel lawsuit in August 2006 against Schwarzenegger; his top aide, Sean Walsh; and his publicist, Sheryl Main.<ref name="AR">{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger libel 'settled' |date=August 26, 2006 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/5288194.stm |publisher=BBC |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070909074501/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/5288194.stm |archive-date=September 9, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> A joint statement read: "The parties are content to put this matter behind them and are pleased that this legal dispute has now been settled."<ref name="AR" /><ref name="AR2">{{cite news |title=UK judge allows Arnie libel case |date=March 23, 2005 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/4375679.stm |publisher=BBC |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070821025435/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/4375679.stm |archive-date=August 21, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2023, Schwarzenegger revisited the issue while promoting his new three-part biographical documentary on Netflix called ''[[Arnold (TV series)|Arnold]]''. Schwarzenegger stated that he was "totally wrong".<ref>{{Cite news |first=Catherine |last=Shoard |date=2023-06-06 |title='Forget all the excuses': Arnold Schwarzenegger expresses regret over groping claims |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/jun/06/arnold-schwarzenegger-expresses-regret-over-groping-claims |access-date=2023-06-06}}</ref>

During this time a 1977 interview in adult magazine ''[[Oui (magazine)|Oui]]'' gained attention, in which Schwarzenegger discussed using substances such as [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Schwarzenegger's Sex Talk |publisher=The Smoking Gun |url=http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/celebrity/schwarzeneggers-sex-talk |access-date=July 23, 2012 |date=May 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704170517/http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/celebrity/schwarzeneggers-sex-talk |archive-date=July 4, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger is shown smoking a marijuana joint after winning Mr. Olympia in 1975 in the documentary film ''[[Pumping Iron]]'' (1977). In an interview with ''[[GQ]]'' magazine in October 2007, Schwarzenegger said, "[Marijuana] is not a drug. It's a leaf. My drug was pumping iron, trust me."<ref name="Cannabis">{{cite news |url=https://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/29/local/me-arnold29 |title=Governor says marijuana is not a drug, 'it's a leaf' |date=October 29, 2007 |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=October 7, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220144632/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/oct/29/local/me-arnold29 |archive-date=December 20, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> His spokesperson later said the comment was meant to be a joke.<ref name="Cannabis" />

=== Citizenship ===

[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger 2004-01-30.jpg|thumb|right|Schwarzenegger in 2004]]
Schwarzenegger became a [[naturalized U.S. citizen]] on September 17, 1983.<ref>{{cite news |agency=[[United Press International]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/17/us/actor-becomes-us-citizen.html |title=Actor Becomes U.S. Citizen |work=The New York Times |date=September 17, 1983 |access-date=January 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122051700/http://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/17/us/actor-becomes-us-citizen.html |archive-date=January 22, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> Shortly before he gained his citizenship, he asked the Austrian authorities for the right to keep his [[Austrian citizenship]], as Austria does not usually allow [[dual citizenship]]. His request was granted, and he retained his Austrian citizenship.<ref>Leamer, p. 199-200</ref> In 2005, [[Peter Pilz]], a member of the [[Austrian Parliament]] from the [[Austrian Green Party]], unsuccessfully advocated for Parliament to revoke Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship due to his decision not to prevent the executions of [[Donald Beardslee]] and [[Stanley Williams]]. Pilz argued that Schwarzenegger caused damage to Austria's reputation in the international community because Austria abolished the death penalty in 1968. Pilz based his argument on Article 33 of the Austrian Citizenship Act, which states: "A citizen, who is in the public service of a foreign country, shall be deprived of his citizenship if he heavily damages the reputation or the interests of the Austrian Republic."<ref name="DamageAustria" /> Pilz claimed that Schwarzenegger's actions in support of the death penalty (prohibited in Austria under Protocol 13 of the [[European Convention on Human Rights]]) had damaged Austria's reputation. Schwarzenegger explained his actions by pointing out that his only duty as Governor of California with respect to the death penalty was to correct an error by the justice system by pardon or clemency if such an error had occurred.

=== Environmental record ===

On September 27, 2006, Schwarzenegger signed the [[Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006]], creating the nation's first cap on [[greenhouse gas emissions]]. The law set new regulations on the amount of emissions utilities, refineries, and manufacturing plants are allowed to release into the atmosphere. Schwarzenegger also signed a second global warming bill that prohibits large utilities and corporations in California from making long-term contracts with suppliers who do not meet the state's greenhouse gas emission standards. The two bills are part of a plan to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels by 2020. In 2005, Schwarzenegger issued an executive order calling to reduce greenhouse gases to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/27/AR2006092700174.html |access-date=May 15, 2008 |newspaper=The Washington Post |title=Schwarzenegger Signs Global Warming Bill |first=Samantha |last=Young |date=September 27, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105054329/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/27/AR2006092700174.html |archive-date=November 5, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Schwarzenegger signed another executive order on October 17, 2006, allowing California to work with the Northeast's [[Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative]]. They plan to reduce [[carbon dioxide]] emissions by issuing a limited amount of carbon credits to each power plant in participating states. Any power plants that exceed emissions for the number of carbon credits will have to purchase more credits to cover the difference. The plan took effect in 2009.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2006Oct17/0,4670,GlobalWarmingSchwarzenegger,00.html |access-date=May 15, 2008 |publisher=Fox News |title=Cal Joins Northeast Global Warming Fight |first=Karen |last=Matthews |date=October 17, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525191041/http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2006Oct17/0,4670,GlobalWarmingSchwarzenegger,00.html |archive-date=May 25, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition to using his political power to fight global warming, the governor has taken steps at his home to reduce his personal carbon footprint. Schwarzenegger has adapted one of his [[Hummer H1|Hummers]] to run on hydrogen and another to run on biofuels. He has also installed solar panels to heat his home.<ref>[https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/04/02/8403410/index.htm "The Governator's green agenda"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106005149/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/04/02/8403410/index.htm |date=November 6, 2013 }} ''Fortune''. March 23, 2007. Retrieved May 15, 2008.</ref>

In respect for his contribution to the direction of the US motor industry, Schwarzenegger was invited to open the 2009 [[Society of Automotive Engineers|SAE]] World Congress in Detroit on April 20, 2009.<ref>[http://www.sae.org/servlets/pressRoom?OBJECT_TYPE=PressReleases&PAGE=showRelease&RELEASE_ID=970 "SAE 2009 World Congress Special Opening Ceremonies to Feature Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403143304/http://www.sae.org/servlets/pressRoom?OBJECT_TYPE=PressReleases&PAGE=showRelease&RELEASE_ID=970 |date=April 3, 2016 }} ''[[SAE International|SAE]]''. March 10, 2009. Retrieved April 6, 2009.</ref>

In 2011, Schwarzenegger founded the [[R20 Regions of Climate Action]] to develop a sustainable, [[low-carbon economy]].<ref>{{cite web |work=The Global Journal |url=http://theglobaljournal.net/article/view/410/ |title=A New Obsession |access-date=May 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501054335/http://theglobaljournal.net/article/view/410/ |archive-date=May 1, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, he joined French President [[Emmanuel Macron]] in calling for the adoption of a [[Global Pact for the Environment]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 24, 2017|title=Macron, Schwarzenegger back global pact on environment|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20170624-macron-launches-global-environment-pact-paris|access-date=September 24, 2020|publisher=France 24|language=en}}</ref>
In 2017, Schwarzenegger launched the Austrian World Summit,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/climate-and-environment/schwarzenegger-climate-activists-should-focus-on-pollution-1.5493128|title=Schwarzenegger: Climate activists should focus on pollution|date=July 2021}}</ref> an international climate conference that is held annually in Vienna, Austria. The Austrian World Summit is organized by the Schwarzenegger Climate Initiative and aims is to bring together representatives from politics, civil society and business to create a broad alliance for climate protection and to identify concrete solutions to the climate crisis.

=== Electoral history ===

{{Election box begin no change|title=[[2003 California gubernatorial recall election]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
  |party      = California Republican Party
|candidate = Arnold Schwarzenegger
|votes = 4,206,284
|percentage = 48.6

}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = [[Cruz Bustamante]]
|votes = 2,724,874
|percentage = 31.5
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = [[Tom McClintock]]
|votes = 1,161,287
|percentage = 13.5
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Green Party of the United States
|candidate = [[Peter Camejo]]
|votes = 242,247
|percentage = 2.8
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=[[2006 California gubernatorial election]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
  |party      = California Republican Party
  |candidate  = Arnold Schwarzenegger (incumbent)
  |votes      = 4,850,157
  |percentage = 55.9
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
  |party      = California Democratic Party
  |candidate  = [[Phil Angelides]]
  |votes      = 3,376,732
  |percentage = 38.9
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
  |party      = Green Party of California
  |candidate  = [[Peter Camejo]]
  |votes      = 205,995
  |percentage = 2.4
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
  |party      = Libertarian Party of California
  |candidate  = [[Art Olivier]]
  |votes      = 114,329
  |percentage = 1.3
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== Presidential ambitions ===

Presidential aspirations by the Austrian-born Schwarzenegger would be blocked by a [[United States Constitution|constitutional]] hurdle; [[Natural-born-citizen clause|Article II, Section I, Clause V]] prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. The [[Equal Opportunity to Govern Amendment]] in 2003 was widely accredited as the "Amend for Arnold" bill, which would have added an [[List of amendments to the United States Constitution|amendment]] to the U.S. Constitution allowing his run. In 2004, the "Amend for Arnold" campaign was launched, featuring a website and TV advertising promotion.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Amend-for-Arnold-campaign-launched-Web-site-2635267.php "'Amend for Arnold' campaign launched / Web site, TV spot promote change to Constitution"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525192620/http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Amend-for-Arnold-campaign-launched-Web-site-2635267.php |date=May 25, 2017 }}, John Wildermuth. San Francisco Chronicle. November 18, 2004. Retrieved February 8, 2017</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-arnold-amendment/|title= The 'Arnold Amendment'|date= October 24, 2003|publisher= CBS News|access-date= January 21, 2020}}</ref>

In June 2007, Schwarzenegger was featured on the cover of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine with [[Michael Bloomberg]], and subsequently, the two joked about a presidential ticket together.<ref>[http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2007/06/19/bloomberg-schwarzenegger-ponder-presidential-ticket/ "Bloomberg, Schwarzenegger ponder presidential ticket"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075312/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2007/06/19/bloomberg-schwarzenegger-ponder-presidential-ticket/ |date=February 11, 2017 }}, CNN. June 19, 2007. Retrieved February 8, 2017</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/my-conversation-with-mich_b_97778|title= My Conversation with Michael Bloomberg and Arnold Schwarzenegger|website= Huffpost|date= April 21, 2008|access-date= January 10, 2021}}</ref>

== Business career ==
Schwarzenegger has also enjoyed a highly successful business career.<ref name="governG2"/><ref name="LAWarn"/> Following his move to the United States, Schwarzenegger became a "prolific goal setter" and would write his objectives at the start of the year on index cards, like starting a mail order business or buying a new car&nbsp;– and succeed in doing so.<ref name="DT2"/> As a result of his early business and investment success, Schwarzenegger became a millionaire by the age of 25, well before making a name for himself in Hollywood. His path to financial independence came as a result of his success as a proactive businessman and investor involved with a series of lucrative business ventures and real estate investments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elkins |first=Kathleen |title=The way Arnold Schwarzenegger made his first million had nothing to do with acting |date=February 6, 2017 |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/06/the-way-arnold-schwarzenegger-made-his-first-million.html |access-date=November 14, 2022 |publisher=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>

===Early ventures===
In 1968, Schwarzenegger and fellow bodybuilder [[Franco Columbu]] started a bricklaying business. The business flourished thanks to the pair's marketing savvy and an increased demand following the [[1971 San Fernando earthquake]].<ref name="Millionaire Magazine">{{cite web |title=Real Life Action Hero |work=Millionaire Magazine |url=http://www.millionaire.com/interviews_schwarzenegger.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041212192915/http://www.millionaire.com/interviews_schwarzenegger.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 12, 2004 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Morgan |first=Kay }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title="Working" Out |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/life/didyouknow/life_didyouknow_eng_legacy_257.asp?sec=life&subsec=didyouknow |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523204758/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/life/didyouknow/life_didyouknow_eng_legacy_257.asp%3Fsec%3Dlife%26subsec%3Ddidyouknow |archive-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> When signs of profitability emerged as business began to pick up, Schwarzenegger and Columbu rolled over the profits from their bricklaying venture to go on and start their own mail-order business that sold bodybuilding and fitness-related equipment and instructional tapes.<ref name="lifeline" /><ref name="Millionaire Magazine" />

=== Investments ===
Schwarzenegger transferred profits from the mail-order business and his bodybuilding-competition winnings by rolling the proceeds into his first real estate investment: an apartment building he purchased for $10,000. Capitalizing on the evergreen profits and bountiful experience that he has gained in over the years in real estate investing following the acquisition of his initial residential complex, Schwarzenegger later went on to make millions of dollars by astutely investing in a variety of real estate holding companies both domestically within the United States and around the world.<ref>{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger reveals pumped-up finances |work=San Francisco Chronicle |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/chronicle/archive/2003/08/10/ARNOLD.TMP |date=August 10, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Williams |first=Lance |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318192048/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fchronicle%2Farchive%2F2003%2F08%2F10%2FARNOLD.TMP |archive-date=March 18, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Best Salesman in America? |publisher=Selling Power |url=https://www.sellingpower.com/2010/02/02/6660/the-best-salesman-in-america |access-date=December 29, 2021 |last=Fleschner |first=Malcolm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224112746/http://www.sellingpower.com/article/display.asp?aid=SP4182687 |archive-date=February 24, 2008}}</ref> Schwarzenegger and fellow Hollywood veteran actor and industry adversary [[Sylvester Stallone]] [[Burying the hatchet|brought their long-storied industry rivalry to an end]] by both investing in the [[Planet Hollywood]]<ref name="pearson20171009">{{Cite web |last=Pearson |first=Ben |date=October 9, 2017 |title=Schwarzenegger Orchestrated a Legendary Hollywood Troll |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/arnold-schwarzenegger-beyond-fest/ |access-date=July 27, 2020 |website=/Film |language=en-US}}</ref> chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the [[Hard Rock Cafe]]) along with [[Bruce Willis]] and [[Demi Moore]]. However, Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the chain in early 2000.<ref name="planetbbc">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/619317.stm |title=Arnie's Planet Hollywood split |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=January 26, 2000 |access-date=April 1, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531075351/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/619317.stm |archive-date=May 31, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://articles.latimes.com/2000/jan/26/business/fi-57832 |title=It's Hasta la Vista, Planet Hollywood |first=Paul |last=Lieberman |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=January 26, 2000 |access-date=April 1, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514174355/http://articles.latimes.com/2000/jan/26/business/fi-57832 |archive-date=May 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Schwarzenegger remarked that the restaurant did not achieve the success that he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his then-burgeoning acting career.<ref name="planetbbc" />

Schwarzenegger also made a private commercial real estate investment in the [[Easton Town Center]], a shopping mall based in [[Columbus, Ohio]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cieply |first1=Michael |last2=Cohn |first2=Gary |last3=Eller |first3=Claudia |last4=Vincent |first4=Roger |date=August 10, 2003 |title=Schwarzenegger Built a Vast Business Empire |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-aug-10-me-arnoldbiz10-story.html |work=Los Angeles Times |accessdate=February 22, 2023}}</ref> He has talked about some of the mentors who have helped him over the years in business: "I couldn't have learned about business without a parade of teachers guiding me... from [[Milton Friedman]] to [[Donald Trump]]... and now, [[Les Wexner]] and [[Warren Buffett]]. I even learned a thing or two from Planet Hollywood, such as when to get out! And I did!"<ref name="per" /> He has significant equity ownership in [[Dimensional Fund Advisors]], an Austin-based investment firm.<ref name="DoggedPath">{{cite news |last=Weinraub |first=Bernard |title=Schwarzenegger's Next Goal On Dogged, Ambitious Path |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/17/us/schwarzenegger-s-next-goal-on-dogged-ambitious-path.html |date=August 17, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530084234/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B06E5D81230F934A2575BC0A9659C8B63 |archive-date=May 30, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> Schwarzenegger is also the owner of Arnold's Sports Festival, a sports and fitness festival which he started in 1989 and is held annually in Columbus, Ohio. It is a festival that hosts thousands of international health and fitness professionals which has also expanded into a three-day expo. He also owns a film production company called Oak Productions, Inc. and Fitness Publications, a joint book publishing venture partnered with [[Simon & Schuster]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/7-self-made-immigrant-millionaires.html?pt=BureoF4GVB?date=10410705&page=3 |title=7 self-made immigrant millionaires |publisher=Yahoo Canada |date=November 9, 2012 |access-date=November 17, 2012 |author=Andrea N. Browne |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030052654/http://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/7-self-made-immigrant-millionaires.html?pt=BureoF4GVB%3Fdate%3D10410705&page=3 |archive-date=October 30, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2018, Schwarzenegger partnered with basketball player [[LeBron James]] to establish Ladder, a company that developed nutritional supplements to help athletes with severe cramps. The pair sold Ladder to Openfit for an undisclosed amount in 2020 after reporting more than $4&nbsp;million in sales for that year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Jabari |date=December 2, 2020 |title=LeBron James, Arnold Schwarzenegger's Sports Nutrition Company Sells to Fitness Platform Openfit |url=https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/business/money-report/lebron-james-arnold-schwarzeneggers-sports-nutrition-company-sells-to-fitness-platform-openfit/2475117/ |access-date=February 7, 2021 |website=NBC Los Angeles |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Restaurant ===
In 1992, Schwarzenegger and his wife opened a restaurant in [[Santa Monica]] called Schatzi On Main. ''Schatzi'' literally means "little treasure", and colloquially "honey" or "darling" in German. In 1998, he sold his restaurant.<ref>{{cite web |title=The foundation for taxpayer and consumer rights is in the wrong in its junk fax lawsuit where it falsely blames Arnold Schwarzenegger for faxes sent to promote a restaurant he doesn't own |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/news/uptotheminute/news_uptotheminute_eng_legacy_16.asp?sec=news&subsec=uptotheminute |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523204836/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/news/uptotheminute/news_uptotheminute_eng_legacy_16.asp%3Fsec%3Dnews%26subsec%3Duptotheminute |archive-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Wealth ===
{{See also|List of richest American politicians}}

Schwarzenegger's net worth had been conservatively estimated at $100&nbsp;million to $200&nbsp;million.<ref name="100million">{{cite news |last=Williams |first=Lance |title=Schwarzenegger worth $100&nbsp;million, experts say |date=August 17, 2003 |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2003/08/17/TAXES.TMP |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328121715/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2003%2F08%2F17%2FTAXES.TMP |archive-date=March 28, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> After separating from his wife, [[Maria Shriver]], in 2011, it was estimated that his net worth had been approximately $400&nbsp;million, and even as high as $800&nbsp;million, based on tax returns he filed in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://extratv.warnerbros.com/2011/05/arnold_and_marias_surprise_split_how_much_is_at_stake_in_divorce.php |title=Arnold and Maria's Surprise Split: How Much is at Stake in Divorce? |publisher=Extratv.warnerbros.com |date=May 10, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905045222/http://extratv.warnerbros.com/2011/05/arnold_and_marias_surprise_split_how_much_is_at_stake_in_divorce.php |archive-date=September 5, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Over the years, he shrewdly invested his bodybuilding and film earnings outright in an extensive array of stocks, bonds, privately controlled companies, and income-producing investment-grade real estate across the United States and worldwide, making his net worth difficult to accurately calculate, particularly in light of declining real estate values owing to [[2007 financial crisis|economic recessions]] in the [[Great Recession in the United States|United States]] and [[Eurozone crisis|Europe]] that occurred during the late 2000s. In June 1997, he spent $38&nbsp;million of his own money on a private Gulfstream jet.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fleming |first=Charles |title=High concept: Don Simpson and the Hollywood Culture of Excess |publisher=Bloomsbury |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-7475-4262-9|title-link=High concept: Don Simpson and the Hollywood Culture of Excess }}</ref> Regarding his private fortune, Schwarzenegger once quipped: "Money doesn't make you happy. I now have $50&nbsp;million, but I was just as happy when I had $48&nbsp;million."<ref name=governG2/>

=== Commercial advertisements ===
Schwarzenegger has also appeared in a series of commercials for the [[Machine Zone]] game ''Mobile Strike'' as a military commander and spokesman.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Takahashi |first1=Dean |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger stars in Machine Zone's modern warfare game Mobile Strike (updated) |url=https://venturebeat.com/2015/11/11/arnold-schwarzenegger-is-the-star-of-machine-zones-new-mobile-strike-modern-warfare-game/ |access-date=October 17, 2016 |work=VentureBeat |date=November 11, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113022946/http://venturebeat.com/2015/11/11/arnold-schwarzenegger-is-the-star-of-machine-zones-new-mobile-strike-modern-warfare-game/ |archive-date=November 13, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Personal life ==

=== Early relationships ===

[[File:Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver-mod.jpg|thumb|right|Schwarzenegger with then-wife [[Maria Shriver]] at the 2007 [[Special Olympics]] in Shanghai]]
In 1969, Schwarzenegger met Barbara Outland (later Barbara Outland Baker), an English teacher with whom he lived until 1974.<ref name="arniememoir">{{cite news |title=Arnie's ex-girlfriend pens memoir |date=September 9, 2003 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/3092740.stm |publisher=BBC |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422031941/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/3092740.stm |archive-date=April 22, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> Schwarzenegger said of Baker in his 1977 memoir, "Basically it came down to this: she was a well-balanced woman who wanted an ordinary, solid life, and I was not a well-balanced man, and hated the very idea of ordinary life."<ref name="arniememoir" /> Baker has described Schwarzenegger as a "joyful personality, totally charismatic, adventurous, and athletic" but claims that towards the end of the relationship he became "insufferable—classically conceited—the world revolved around him".<ref name=autogenerated3>{{cite news |title=Actor's old flame says he's a great guy |date=September 15, 2003|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/09/15/MN272943.DTL |work=The San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=April 19, 2007 |first=Lance |last=Williams |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526031215/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2003%2F09%2F15%2FMN272943.DTL |archive-date=May 26, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Baker published her memoir in 2006, entitled ''Arnold and Me: In the Shadow of the Austrian Oak''.<ref name="bakes">{{cite news |first=Catherine |last=Elsworth |title=Arnie puts his weight behind ex-lover's tell-all memoir |date=September 14, 2006 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1528857/Arnie-puts-his-weight-behind-ex-lover%27s-tell-all-memoir.html |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080610113917/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1528857/Arnie-puts-his-weight-behind-ex-lover%27s-tell-all-memoir.html |archive-date=June 10, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although Baker painted an unflattering portrait of her former lover at times, Schwarzenegger actually contributed to the [[tell-all]] book with a foreword, and also met with Baker for three hours.<ref name="bakes" />

Baker claims that she only learned of his being unfaithful after they split, and talks of a turbulent and passionate love life.<ref name="bakes" /> Schwarzenegger has made it clear that their respective recollection of events can differ.<ref name="bakes" /> The couple first met six to eight months after his arrival in the U.S. Their first date was watching the [[Apollo 11|first Apollo Moon landing]] on television.<ref name="DT2" /> They shared an apartment in [[Santa Monica, California]], for three and a half years, and having little money, they would visit the beach all day or have barbecues in the back yard.<ref name="DT2" /> Although Baker claims that when she first met Schwarzenegger, he had "little understanding of polite society" and she found him a turn-off, she says, "He's as much a [[self-made man]] as it's possible to be—he never got encouragement from his parents, his family, his brother. He just had this huge determination to prove himself, and that was very attractive ... I'll go to my grave knowing Arnold loved me."<ref name="DT2" />

Schwarzenegger met his next lover, [[Beverly Hills]] hairdresser's assistant Sue Moray, on [[Venice, Los Angeles#Venice Beach|Venice Beach]] in July 1977. According to Moray, the couple led an [[open relationship]]: "We were faithful when we were both in LA... but when he was out of town, we were free to do whatever we wanted."<ref name="wl" /> Schwarzenegger met television journalist Maria Shriver, niece of President [[John F. Kennedy]], at the Robert F. Kennedy Tennis Tournament in August 1977. He went on to have a relationship with both Moray and Shriver until August 1978 when Moray (who knew of his relationship with Shriver) issued an ultimatum.<ref name="wl" />

=== Marriage and family ===

On April 26, 1986, Schwarzenegger married Shriver in [[Hyannis, Massachusetts]].<ref name="MariaOwings">{{cite news |title=Maria Owings Shriver Wed To Arnold Schwarzenegger |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/27/style/maria-owings-shriver-wed-to-arnold-schwarzenegger.html |date=April 27, 1986 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528091553/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE3DF103DF934A15757C0A960948260 |archive-date=May 28, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> They have four children, including [[Katherine Schwarzenegger]] and [[Patrick Schwarzenegger]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE0DD1E3DF937A15754C0A967958260 |title=Chronicle |work=The New York Times |date=July 24, 1991 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |first=Eric |last=Pace}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/21/style/chronicle-924193.html |title=Chronicle |work=The New York Times |date=September 21, 1993 |access-date=December 29, 2021 |first=Nadine |last=Brozan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver's Children Face Trauma, Say Experts |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/arnold-schwarzenegger-love-child-emotional-911-maria-shriver/story?id=13630130 |website=ABC News |access-date=February 9, 2019 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209232244/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/arnold-schwarzenegger-love-child-emotional-911-maria-shriver/story?id=13630130 |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> All of their children were born in Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/30/nyregion/chronicle-367451.html |title=Chronicle |work=The New York Times |date=September 30, 1997 |access-date=December 29, 2021 |first=Nadine |last=Brozan}}</ref> The family lived in an {{convert|11000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} home in the [[Brentwood, Los Angeles|Brentwood]] neighborhood of Los Angeles, California,<ref>{{cite news |title=Next Stop&nbsp;– Governor's Mansion? |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/2003/06/27/cx_bs_0627movers.html |date=June 27, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Schiffman |first=Betsy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411195942/http://www.forbes.com/2003/06/27/cx_bs_0627movers.html |archive-date=April 11, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Mind Behind the Muscles |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,474589,00.html |date=August 10, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Lacayo |first=Richard |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930044742/http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,474589,00.html |archive-date=September 30, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> with vacation homes in [[Sun Valley, Idaho]], and [[Hyannis Port, Massachusetts]].<ref name="CatchingUp">{{cite web |title=Catching Up With Maria Shriver |work=Sacramento Magazine |url=http://www.sacmag.com/media/Sacramento-Magazine/May-2004/Catching-Up-With-Maria-Shriver/ |date=May 2004 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Dunteman |first=Dayna |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421233026/http://www.sacmag.com/media/Sacramento-Magazine/May-2004/Catching-Up-With-Maria-Shriver/ |archive-date=April 21, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> They attended [[St. Monica Catholic Church (Santa Monica, California)|St. Monica's Catholic Church]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Maria Shriver Ends Her Silence On Husband's Campaign |publisher=NBC |url=http://www.knbc.com/politics/2463270/detail.html |date=September 8, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==== Divorce ====

[[File:Arnoldandson.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Schwarzenegger and his son [[Patrick Schwarzenegger|Patrick]] at [[Edwards Air Force Base]] in December 2002]]

On May 9, 2011, Shriver and Schwarzenegger ended their relationship after 25 years of marriage with Shriver moving out of their Brentwood mansion.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-mew-arnold-maria-separate-20010510,0,2542211.story |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger, Maria Shriver announce separation |work=Los Angeles Times |date=May 9, 2011 |author=Mark Z. Barabak |access-date=May 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513232123/http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-mew-arnold-maria-separate-20010510,0,2542211.story |archive-date=May 13, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/arnold-schwarzenegger-and-wife-of-25-years-maria-shriver-say-theyre-separating/2011/05/10/AF16qwdG_story.html |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger and wife of 25 years, Maria Shriver, say they're separating |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=May 10, 2011 |agency=Associated Press |first=Steve |last=Hendrix |access-date=August 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715143420/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/arnold-schwarzenegger-and-wife-of-25-years-maria-shriver-say-theyre-separating/2011/05/10/AF16qwdG_story.html |archive-date=July 15, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-schwarzenegger-idUSTRE7490PP20110510 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger, wife Maria Shriver separate |work=Reuters |date=May 10, 2011 |author=Dan Whitcomb |access-date=June 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924152934/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/10/us-schwarzenegger-idUSTRE7490PP20110510 |archive-date=September 24, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> On May 16, 2011, the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than 14 years earlier with an employee in their household, Mildred Patricia "Patty" Baena.<ref name="son">{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2011/05/17/2011-05-17_mildred_baena_50_identified_as_mother_of_arnold_schwarzeneggers_love_child_tmz_r.html |title=Mildred 'Patty' Baena, 50, identified as the mother of Arnold Schwarzenegger's out of wedlock child: reports |first=Nancy |last=Dillon |work=Daily News |location=New York |access-date=October 18, 2011 |date=May 17, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521072834/http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2011/05/17/2011-05-17_mildred_baena_50_identified_as_mother_of_arnold_schwarzeneggers_love_child_tmz_r.html |archive-date=May 21, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/05/17/report-schwarzenegger-fathered-child-household-employee |title=Schwarzenegger Fathered Child with Household Staff Member |publisher=Fox |date=May 17, 2011 |access-date=May 17, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518140201/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/05/17/report-schwarzenegger-fathered-child-household-employee/ |archive-date=May 18, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/147401/20110518/mildred-patricia-baena-mother-of-arnold-schwarzenegger-s-out-of-wedlock-child-revealed-photos.htm |title=Mildred Patricia Baena, Mother of Arnold Schwarzenegger's Out of Wedlock Child Revealed (PHOTOS) |work=International Business Times |access-date=October 18, 2011 |date=May 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903055900/http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/147401/20110518/mildred-patricia-baena-mother-of-arnold-schwarzenegger-s-out-of-wedlock-child-revealed-photos.htm |archive-date=September 3, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> "After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger said to the ''Times''. In the statement, Schwarzenegger did not mention that he had confessed to his wife only after she had confronted him with the information, which she had done after confirming with the housekeeper what she had suspected about the child.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/people/how-maria-found-out-arnies-wife-reportedly-confronted-lover-about-child-20110520-1evji.html |title=How Maria found out: Arnie's wife reportedly confronted lover about child |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=May 20, 2011 |access-date=May 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522152717/http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/people/how-maria-found-out-arnies-wife-reportedly-confronted-lover-about-child-20110520-1evji.html |archive-date=May 22, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Baena is of [[Guatemalans|Guatemalan]] origin. She was employed by the family for 20 years and retired in January 2011.<ref name="split2">{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-me-0517-arnold-20110517,0,312678.story |title=Schwarzenegger fathered a with child his mistress, longtime member of the household staff |work=Los Angeles Times |first1=Mark Z. |last1=Barabak |first2=Victoria |last2=Kim |date=May 17, 2011 |access-date=May 17, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519084305/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-me-0517-arnold-20110517,0,312678.story |archive-date=May 19, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> The pregnant Baena was working in the home while Shriver was pregnant with the youngest of the couple's four children.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/us/18schwarzenegger.html |title=Schwarzenegger Whispers Become an Admission |work=The New York Times |first1=Adam |last1=Nagourney |first2=Jennifer |last2=Steinhauer |date=May 17, 2011 |access-date=February 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207163912/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/us/18schwarzenegger.html |archive-date=December 7, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Baena's son with Schwarzenegger was born days after Shriver gave birth.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/chi-0518-cnn-arnold-child,0,7850501.story |title=Schwarzenegger's son with housekeeper born days after Shriver gave birth |work=Chicago Tribune |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617053809/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/chi-0518-cnn-arnold-child,0,7850501.story |archive-date=June 17, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/05/18/california.schwarzenegger/index.html |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger's two sons born days apart |first=Alan |last=Duke |publisher=CNN|date=May 19, 2011 |access-date=May 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518220615/http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/05/18/california.schwarzenegger/index.html |archive-date=May 18, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger said that it took seven or eight years before he found out that he had fathered a child with his housekeeper. It was not until the boy "started looking like [him] ... that [he] put things together".<ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20634896,00.html Arnold Schwarzenegger: The Boy 'Started Looking Like Me'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202181700/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20634896,00.html |date=February 2, 2014 }} ''People'', October 1, 2012</ref> Schwarzenegger has taken financial responsibility for the child "from the start and continued to provide support".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/43057177 |title=Schwarzenegger: I fathered a secret child |publisher=NBC News |date=May 17, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011}}</ref> [[KNX (AM)|KNX 1070]] radio reported that, in 2010, he bought a new four-bedroom house with a pool for Baena and their son in [[Bakersfield, California]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2011/05/18/schwarzenegger-reportedly-bought-housekeeper-4-bedroom-home |title=Schwarzenegger Reportedly Fired Housekeeper 4 Weeks Ago |publisher=CBS |access-date=October 18, 2011 |date=May 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814031518/http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2011/05/18/schwarzenegger-reportedly-bought-housekeeper-4-bedroom-home/ |archive-date=August 14, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Baena separated from her husband, Rogelio, a few months after [[Joseph Baena|Joseph]]'s birth. She filed for divorce in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/248741/Ex-husband-of-Schwarzenegger-mistress-speaks-out |title=Exhusband of Schwarzenegger's mistress speaks out |work=Daily Express |date=May 25, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111181259/http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/248741/Ex-husband-of-Schwarzenegger-mistress-speaks-out |archive-date=January 11, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Rogelio said that the child's birth certificate was falsified and that he planned to sue Schwarzenegger for engaging in conspiracy to falsify a public document, a serious crime in California.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-05-29 |title=Ex-husband of Arnie's lover plans to sue |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-05-30/ex-husband-of-arnies-lover-plans-to-sue/2736790 |access-date=2023-07-02}}</ref>

Pursuant to the divorce judgment, Schwarzenegger kept the Brentwood home, while Shriver purchased a new home nearby so that the children could travel between their parents' homes. They shared custody of the two youngest children.<ref>{{cite news |last=Reich |first=Ashley |title=Schwarzenegger–Shriver Divorce: Settlement Decides Who Gets House, Kids |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/schwarzenegger-shriver-divorce_n_893470 |work=HuffPost |date=July 8, 2011 |access-date=December 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710045526/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/08/schwarzenegger-shriver-divorce_n_893470.html |archive-date=July 10, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger came under fire after the initial petition did not include spousal support and a reimbursement of attorney's fees.<ref name="abcnews.go.com" /> However, he claims this was not intentional and that he signed the initial documents without having properly read them.<ref name="abcnews.go.com" /> He filed amended divorce papers remedying this.<ref name="abcnews.go.com" /><ref>{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/gossip/2011/07/christopher-schwarzenegger-maria-shriver-arnold.html |work=Los Angeles Times |title=Ministry of Gossip |access-date=October 18, 2011 |date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104182734/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/gossip/2011/07/christopher-schwarzenegger-maria-shriver-arnold.html |archive-date=November 4, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger and Shriver finalized their divorce in 2021, ten years after separating.<ref name="AD">{{cite news | url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/arnold-schwarzenegger-and-maria-shriver-are-house-hunting-for-their-kids | work=Architectural digest | title=Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver are house-hunting for their kids | last=chen | first=joyce | access-date=June 1, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602021319/http://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/arnold-schwarzenegger-and-maria-shriver-are-house-hunting-for-their-kids | archive-date=June 2, 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref>

In June 2022, a jury ruled that Maria Shriver was entitled to half of her ex-husband's post-divorce savings that he earned from 1986 to 2011, including a pension.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/maria-shriver-arnold-schwarzenegger-divorce-settlement-details/|title=Maria Shriver Entitled to Half of Arnold Schwarzenegger's Retirement Money After Finalizing Divorce|website=Us Weekly|date=June 22, 2022}}</ref>

After the scandal, Danish-Italian actress [[Brigitte Nielsen]] came forward and stated that she too had an affair with Schwarzenegger during the production of ''[[Red Sonja (1985 film)|Red Sonja]]'', while he had just started his relationship with Shriver.<ref name="heraldsun1">{{cite web |last=Zervos |first=Cassie |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/world/love-rat-arnold-arnold-schwarzenegger-cheated-with-me-brigitte-nielsen/story-e6frf7lf-1226069058271 |title=Love rat Arnold Schwarzenegger cheated on me: Brigitte Nielsen |work=Herald Sun |location=Australia |date=June 4, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110704082938/http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/world/love-rat-arnold-arnold-schwarzenegger-cheated-with-me-brigitte-nielsen/story-e6frf7lf-1226069058271 |archive-date=July 4, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> When asked in January 2014, "Of all the things you are famous for ... which are you least proud of?" Schwarzenegger replied, "I'm least proud of the mistakes I made that caused my family pain and split us up."<ref name="ama20140121">{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/1vshw2/iamarnold_ama_20/ |title=IamArnold. AMA 2.0. |publisher=Reddit |access-date=January 21, 2014 |author=Schwarzenegger, Arnold |date=January 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122024028/http://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/1vshw2/iamarnold_ama_20/ |archive-date=January 22, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[https://site.people.com/?p=2585145&preview_id=2585145]{{Dead link|date=March 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/brigitte-nielsen-arnold-schwarzeneggers-saucy-22364336|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger 'tried every sex act' with Brigitte Nielsen in saucy fling|first=Tamara|last=Davison|date=July 16, 2020|website=mirror}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/arnold-schwarzenegger-affair-brigitte-nielsen-maria-shriver-memoir_n_1925688|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Admits To Affair With Brigitte Nielsen|first=Cavan|last=Sieczkowski|date=September 29, 2012|website=HuffPost}}</ref>

=== Accidents, injuries, and other health problems ===

==== Health problems ====

Schwarzenegger was born with a [[bicuspid aortic valve]], an aortic valve with only two leaflets, where a normal aortic valve has three.<ref>{{cite news |title=Surgery Leaves Star Undimmed |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/NEWS+LITE+:+SURGERY+LEAVES+STAR+UNDIMMED-a083864140 |work=The Free Library |publisher=Farlex |date=April 18, 1997 |access-date=July 29, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024054528/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/NEWS+LITE+:+SURGERY+LEAVES+STAR+UNDIMMED-a083864140 |archive-date=October 24, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Surgery">{{cite web |last=Starnes |first=Dr. Vaughn A. |title=Renowned Cardiac Surgeon Proclaims Medical "Facts" In Article "Represent No Facts At All" |date=March 8, 2001 |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/news/uptotheminute/news_uptotheminute_eng_legacy_18.asp?sec=news&subsec=uptotheminute |access-date=March 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523203941/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/en/news/uptotheminute/news_uptotheminute_eng_legacy_18.asp%3Fsec%3Dnews%26subsec%3Duptotheminute |archive-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> He opted in 1997 for a replacement heart valve made from his own [[pulmonic valve]], which itself was replaced with a cadaveric pulmonic valve, in a [[Ross procedure]]; medical experts predicted he would require pulmonic heart valve replacement surgery within the next two to eight years because his valve would progressively degrade. Schwarzenegger apparently opted against a mechanical valve, the only permanent solution available at the time of his surgery, because it would have sharply limited his physical activity and capacity to exercise.<ref name="ElectHeart">{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger Has Elective Heart Surgery |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/18/us/schwarzenegger-has-elective-heart-surgery.html |date=April 18, 1997 |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530084553/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E6D9113FF93BA25757C0A961958260 |archive-date=May 30, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On March 29, 2018, Schwarzenegger underwent emergency open-heart surgery for replacement of his replacement pulmonic valve.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.sky.com/story/arnold-schwarzenegger-undergoes-emergency-open-heart-surgery-11310002 |title='I'm back': Arnold Schwarzenegger in stable condition after heart surgery |publisher=[[Sky News]] |date=March 30, 2018 |access-date=March 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330161050/https://news.sky.com/story/arnold-schwarzenegger-undergoes-emergency-open-heart-surgery-11310002 |archive-date=March 30, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> He said about his recovery: "I underwent open-heart surgery this spring, I had to use a walker. I had to do breathing exercises five times a day to retrain my lungs. I was frustrated and angry, and in my worst moments, I couldn't see the way back to my old self."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/12/11/opinions/arnold-schwarzenegger-fitness-takes-work-dont-give-up/index.html|title=Schwarzenegger: How I fought my way back to fitness|last=Schwarzenegger|first=Arnold|date=December 12, 2018|publisher=CNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212161636/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/12/11/opinions/arnold-schwarzenegger-fitness-takes-work-dont-give-up/index.html|archive-date=December 12, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2020, 23 years after his first surgery, Schwarzenegger underwent a surgery for a new aortic valve.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=McNary|first1=Janet W. Lee, Dave|last2=Lee|first2=Janet W.|last3=McNary|first3=Dave|date=October 24, 2020|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger in 'Fantastic' Condition Following Heart Surgery|url=https://variety.com/2020/film/news/arnold-schwarzenegger-heart-surgery-2-1234814637/|access-date=November 18, 2021|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref>

==== Accidents, injuries ====

On December 9, 2001, he broke six ribs and was hospitalized for four days after a motorcycle crash in Los Angeles.<ref name="MotorAccident">{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Schwarzenegger, son get in motorcycle accident |work=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-01-09-schwarzenegger-accident_x.htm |date=January 9, 2006 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414021558/http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-01-09-schwarzenegger-accident_x.htm |archive-date=April 14, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Schwarzenegger saved a drowning man in 2004 while on vacation in Hawaii by swimming out and bringing him back to shore.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/2004-04-10-arnold-swimmer_x.htm |title=Schwarzenegger helped swimmer in Maui, according to his office |work=USA Today |date=April 12, 2004 |access-date=January 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318034452/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/2004-04-10-arnold-swimmer_x.htm |archive-date=March 18, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On January 8, 2006, while Schwarzenegger was riding his [[Harley Davidson]] motorcycle in Los Angeles with his son Patrick in the sidecar, another driver backed into the street he was riding on, causing him and his son to collide with the car at a low speed. While his son and the other driver were unharmed, Schwarzenegger sustained an injury to his lip requiring 15 stitches. "No citations were issued," said Officer Jason Lee, a Los Angeles Police Department spokesman.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/10811025 |title=No Charges Against Schwarzenegger |date=January 12, 2006 |publisher=NBC News |access-date=July 13, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106010926/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/10811025/ |archive-date=November 6, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger did not obtain his motorcycle license until July 3, 2006.<ref>{{cite news |last=Navarro |first=Mireya |title=Schwarzenegger Finally Gets a License |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/07/us/07arnold.html |access-date=February 2, 2011 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 7, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212235616/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/07/us/07arnold.html |archive-date=February 12, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Schwarzenegger tripped over his ski pole and broke his right [[femur]] while skiing in [[Sun Valley, Idaho]], with his family on December 23, 2006.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Calif. Gov. Schwarzenegger Breaks Leg in Skiing Accident in Idaho |publisher=Fox News |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/calif-gov-schwarzenegger-breaks-leg-in-skiing-accident-in-idaho |date=December 24, 2006 |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414041257/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,238562,00.html |archive-date=April 14, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> On December 26, he underwent a 90-minute operation in which cables and screws were used to wire the broken bone back together. He was released from [[St. John's Health Center]] on December 30, 2006.<ref>{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger cleared to resume duties after surgery |work=Los Angeles Times |date=December 26, 2006}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger's private jet made an emergency landing at [[Van Nuys Airport]] on June 19, 2009, after the pilot reported smoke coming from the cockpit, according to a statement released by his press secretary. No one was harmed in the incident.<ref>{{cite news |first=Nicole |last=Santa Cruz |title=Governor's plane makes emergency landing in Van Nuys |date=June 19, 2009 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2009/06/governors-plane-makes-emergency-landing-in-van-nuys.html |access-date=June 20, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090623225503/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2009/06/governors-plane-makes-emergency-landing-in-van-nuys.html |archive-date=June 23, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On May 18, 2019, while on a visit to South Africa, Schwarzenegger was attacked and [[dropkick]]ed from behind by an unknown malefactor while giving autographs to his fans at one of the local schools. Despite the surprise and unprovoked nature of the attack, he reportedly suffered no injuries and continued to interact with fans. The attacker was apprehended and Schwarzenegger declined to press charges against him.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48322307|title=Schwarzenegger 'will not press charges' over South Africa attack|publisher=BBC|date=May 19, 2019|access-date=May 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519001508/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48322307|archive-date=May 19, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2019/05/18/im-just-glad-idiot-didnt-interrupt-my-snapchat-schwarzenegger-says-after-guy-drop-kicks-him/|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger unhurt after taking a flying kick in the back from a 'mischievous fan'|newspaper=The Washington Post|first=Orion|last=Donovan-Smith|date=May 19, 2019|access-date=May 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518205517/https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2019/05/18/im-just-glad-idiot-didnt-interrupt-my-snapchat-schwarzenegger-says-after-guy-drop-kicks-him/|archive-date=May 18, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/arnold-schwarzenegger-charges-assault-arnold-sports-africa|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger won't press charges against attacker|last=Sager|first=Jessica|date=May 19, 2019|publisher=Fox News|language=en-US|access-date=May 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520120044/https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/arnold-schwarzenegger-charges-assault-arnold-sports-africa|archive-date=May 20, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger was involved in a multi-vehicle collision on the afternoon of Friday, January 21, 2022. Schwarzenegger was driving a black [[GMC Yukon]] SUV near the intersections of [[Sunset Boulevard|Sunset Blvd]] and Allenford Ave in the [[Brentwood, Los Angeles|Brentwood]] neighborhood of Los Angeles, when his vehicle collided with a red [[Toyota Prius]]. The driver of the Prius was transported to the hospital for injuries sustained to her head. Schwarzenegger was uninjured.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2022/01/22/arnold-schwarzenegger-involved-in-car-crash-on-sunset-boulevard/|title = Arnold Schwarzenegger Involved in Car Crash on Sunset Boulevard That Sent 1 to Hospital|date = January 22, 2022|work = losangeles.cbslocal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tmz.com/2022/01/21/arnold-schwarzenegger-car-accident-prius-suv-injuries/|title = Arnold Schwarzenegger Involved in Bad Car Accident with Injuries |work = tmz.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abc7.com/arnold-schwarzenegger-car-crash-brentwood-sunset-boulevard/11496858/|title = Arnold Schwarzenegger involved in multi-car crash in Brentwood, LAPD says|date = January 22, 2022 |work = abc7.com}}</ref>

=== Height ===

Schwarzenegger's official height of {{cvt|6|ft|2|in}} has been brought into question by several articles. During his bodybuilding days in the late 1960s, it was claimed that he measured {{cvt|6|ft|1.5|in}}. However, in 1988, both the ''Daily Mail'' and ''Time Out'' magazine mentioned that Schwarzenegger appeared noticeably shorter.<ref name="Andrews, N page 157">Andrews, N: ''True Myths: The Life and Times of Arnold Schwarzenegger'', page 157. Bloomsbury, 2003</ref> Prior to running for governor, Schwarzenegger's height was once again questioned in an article by the ''[[Chicago Reader]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Poor Recall |work=Chicago Reader |url=http://www.chicagoreader.com/hottype/2003/030919_1.html |date=September 23, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Miner |first=Michael |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423133904/http://www.chicagoreader.com/hottype/2003/030919_1.html |archive-date=April 23, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> As governor, Schwarzenegger engaged in a light-hearted exchange with Assemblyman [[Herb Wesson]] over their heights. At one point, Wesson made an unsuccessful attempt to, in his own words, "settle this once and for all and find out how tall he is" by using a tailor's tape measure on the Governor.<ref>{{cite news |title=Incoming governor's mantra: 'Action' |work=San Francisco Chronicle |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2003/10/23/MNG2C2HG8R1.DTL |date=October 23, 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Salladay |first=Robert |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328131723/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2003%2F10%2F23%2FMNG2C2HG8R1.DTL |archive-date=March 28, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger retaliated by placing a pillow stitched with the words "Need a lift?" on the {{convert|5|ft|5|in|adj=on|spell=in}} Wesson's chair before a negotiating session in his office.<ref>{{cite web |title=Schwarzenegger Blinked |publisher=National Conference of State Legislators |url=https://www.ncsl.org/programs/pubs/slmag/2004/04SLDec_Schwarzenegger.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070604204415/https://www.ncsl.org/programs/pubs/slmag/2004/04SLDec_Schwarzenegger.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 4, 2007 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Weintraub |first=Daniel }}</ref> Democrat [[Bob Mulholland]] also claimed Schwarzenegger was {{cvt|5|ft|10|in}} and that he wore risers in his boots.<ref name="Arnoldwatch.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.arnoldwatch.org/articles/articles_000488.php3 |title=The Governator II: At first it seemed like a bad joke |publisher=Arnoldwatch.org |date=October 7, 2004 |access-date=March 8, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525190758/http://www.arnoldwatch.org/articles/articles_000488.php3 |archive-date=May 25, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1999, ''[[Men's Health (magazine)|Men's Health]]'' magazine stated his height was {{cvt|5|ft|10|in}}.<ref name="fiveten">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/wh2000/stories/tall080399.htm |title=The Shrinking Field |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=August 3, 1999 |access-date=July 23, 2012 |author=Mathews, Jay |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103200448/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/wh2000/stories/tall080399.htm |archive-date=November 3, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Autobiography ===

Schwarzenegger's autobiography, ''Total Recall'', was released in October 2012. He devotes one chapter called "The Secret" to his extramarital affair. The majority of his book is about his successes in the three major chapters in his life: bodybuilder, actor, and Governor of California.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=news/national_world&id=8829291 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger talks scandal, new book with '60 Minutes' |publisher=Abclocal.go.com |date=September 28, 2012 |access-date=January 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106004755/http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=news%2Fnational_world&id=8829291 |archive-date=November 6, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Vehicles ===

Growing up during the [[Allied occupation of Austria]], Schwarzenegger commonly saw heavy military vehicles such as tanks as a child.<ref>{{cite web |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger: My army tank mistake |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lyw6mJhb090 |via=YouTube |language=en |access-date=May 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626192439/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lyw6mJhb090 |archive-date=June 26, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> As a result, he paid $20,000 to bring his Austrian Army [[M47 Patton]] tank (331) to the United States,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/07/26/arnold-schwarzenegger-gives-kids-rides-in-his-old-war-tank.html|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger paid $20,000 to ship his old tank to the US and now uses it to help kids|publisher=CNBC|date=July 26, 2018|access-date=October 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821234116/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/07/26/arnold-schwarzenegger-gives-kids-rides-in-his-old-war-tank.html|archive-date=August 21, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> which he previously operated during his mandatory service in 1965. However, he later obtained his vehicle in 1991/2,<ref name="yahoo">{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bp/arnold-schwarzenegger-takes-own-personal-tank-spin-000359471.html?guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAALoKyAD8BfAszlUAjxNz_uk2llg7ejHjx-wQ89VcnbTIeM53qfabjtlwM8rkuhFeUN2dnZLXkxfJvpk5qh8d9mqvI4VmbJc7YQVcOUMV1kNVY7LyXl0Q7YN6Jr_-UAWC8lkqZROH4JdW_axEr9P-s7jBKa2Ctrd4epa-aMwZZg-4|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger takes his own personal tank out for a spin|website=yahoo!|date=January 5, 2013}}</ref> during his tenure as the Chairmen of the President's Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6njdZO_sCcI&list=RD6njdZO_sCcI&start_radio=1&t=277|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Crushes Things with Tanks|website=The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon – YouTube|date=March 25, 2014}}</ref> and now uses it to support his charity.<ref name="yahoo"/> His first car ever was an [[Opel Kadett]] in 1969 after serving in the Austrian army, then he rode a [[Harley-Davidson Fat Boy]] in 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.driving.co.uk/news/arnold-schwarzenegger-and-his-m47-patton-tank-i-really-like-crushing-things/|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger and his tank: "I like crushing things"|website=driving.co.uk|date=March 28, 2014|access-date=October 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102083537/https://www.driving.co.uk/news/arnold-schwarzenegger-and-his-m47-patton-tank-i-really-like-crushing-things/|archive-date=November 2, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Moreover, he came to develop an interest in large vehicles and became the first civilian in the U.S. to purchase a [[Humvee]]. He was so enamored by the vehicle that he lobbied the Humvee's manufacturer, [[AM General]], to produce a [[street-legal vehicle|street-legal]], civilian version, which they did in 1992; the first two [[Hummer H1]]s they sold were also purchased by Schwarzenegger. In 2010, he had one regular and three running on non-fossil power sources; one for [[hydrogen]], one for [[vegetable oil]], and one for [[biodiesel]].<ref>{{cite news |title=The Hummer and Schwarzenegger: They probably won't be back |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 28, 2010 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/26/AR2010022603248.html |access-date=October 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151102212601/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/26/AR2010022603248.html |archive-date=November 2, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger was in the news in 2014 for buying a rare [[Bugatti Veyron]] Grand Sport Vitesse. He was spotted and filmed in 2015 in his car, painted silver with bright aluminium forged wheels. His Bugatti has its interior adorned in dark brown leather.<ref>{{cite web |title=Terminator acelera no seu Bugatti Veyron |url=http://www.maismotores.net/2015/08/terminator-acelera-no-seu-bugatti-veyron/ |access-date=August 11, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812001907/http://www.maismotores.net/2015/08/terminator-acelera-no-seu-bugatti-veyron/ |archive-date=August 12, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, Schwarzenegger acquired a [[Mercedes-Benz G-Class|Mercedes G-Class]] modified for [[battery electric vehicle|all-electric]] drive.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://electrek.co/2017/01/23/arnold-schwarzenegger-all-electric-mercedes-g-class-kreisel-electric/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger will now drive a new custom all-electric Mercedes G-Class made by Kreisel Electric |first=Fred |last=Lambert |date=January 23, 2017 |work=Electrek |access-date=January 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201102212/https://electrek.co/2017/01/23/arnold-schwarzenegger-all-electric-mercedes-g-class-kreisel-electric/ |archive-date=February 1, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought in 1992 are so large—each weighs {{convert|6300|lb|kg|abbr=on}} and is {{convert|7|ft|m}} wide—that they are classified as large trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign, he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about $21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the [[California Hydrogen Highway]] Network, and gained a [[U.S. Department of Energy]] grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost.<ref>{{cite web |title=Thanks to Arnold, California, to Pave the Hydrogen Highway |publisher=BMW World |url=http://www.usautoparts.net/bmw/hydrogen/schwarzenegger.htm |access-date=April 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080316051803/http://www.usautoparts.net/bmw/hydrogen/schwarzenegger.htm |archive-date=March 16, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004.<ref>{{cite web |title=HUMMER H2H Hydrogen Powered Experimental Vehicle |publisher=About.com |url=http://trucks.about.com/od/hybridcar/a/hummer_h2h.htm |access-date=April 18, 2008 |last=Wickell |first=Dale |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525024014/http://trucks.about.com/od/hybridcar/a/hummer_h2h.htm |archive-date=May 25, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Public image and legacy ==

[[File:Марьяна Наумова и легендарный спортсмен, актер и экс-губернатор Арнольд Шварценеггер..jpg|thumb|upright|Schwarzenegger with Russian powerlifter [[Maryana Naumova]] at the [[Arnold Sports Festival]], 2013]]
[[File:2562670 Arnold Schwarzenegger in Kuwait 2016.jpg|thumb|Schwarzenegger at [[Camp Buehring]] in Kuwait in 2016]]
Schwarzenegger has been involved with the [[Special Olympics]] for many years after they were founded by his ex-mother-in-law [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/2006/05/04/cx_me_0505featslide_8.html |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Charity: Special Olympics, After-School All-Stars |access-date=March 22, 2012 |work=Forbes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828123849/http://www.forbes.com/2006/05/04/cx_me_0505featslide_8.html |archive-date=August 28, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2007, Schwarzenegger was the official spokesperson for the Special Olympics held in Shanghai, China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/12-arnold-schwarzenegger |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Charity Work, Events and Causes |access-date=March 22, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113203057/http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/12-arnold-schwarzenegger |archive-date=January 13, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger believes that quality school opportunities should be made available to children who might not normally be able to access them.<ref name=asas>{{cite web |url=http://www.afterschoolallstars.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=enJJKMNpFmG&b=854711&ct=1126543 |title=Board of Directors |access-date=March 22, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315162614/http://www.afterschoolallstars.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=enJJKMNpFmG&b=854711&ct=1126543 |archive-date=March 15, 2012 }}</ref> In 1995, he founded the Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) which provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth. ICG is active in 15 cities around the country and serves over 250,000 children in over 400 schools countrywide.<ref name=asas /> He has also been involved with After-School All-Stars and founded the Los Angeles branch in 2002.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.la-allstars.org/index.php/about-joomla |title=After-School All-Stars, Los Angeles |access-date=March 22, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305070742/http://www.la-allstars.org/index.php/about-joomla |archive-date=March 5, 2012 }}</ref> ASAS is an after school program provider, educating youth about health, fitness and nutrition.

On February 12, 2010, Schwarzenegger took part in the [[2010 Winter Olympics torch relay|Vancouver Olympic Torch relay]]. He handed off the flame to the next runner, [[Sebastian Coe]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://olympics.thestar.com/2010/article/764519--how-vancouver-almost-lost-the-2010-olympics |title=How Vancouver almost lost the 2010 Olympics&nbsp; – Vancouver 2010 Olympics |work=Toronto Star |date=February 12, 2010 |access-date=March 8, 2010 |location=Toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215071318/http://olympics.thestar.com/2010/article/764519--how-vancouver-almost-lost-the-2010-olympics |archive-date=February 15, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Schwarzenegger had a collection of Marxist busts, which he requested from Russian friends during the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]], as they were being destroyed. In 2011, he revealed that his wife had requested their removal, but he kept the one of [[Vladimir Lenin]] present, since "he was the first".<ref>[http://www.newshub.co.nz/entertainment/schwarzenegger-gives-up-soviet-statue-collection-2011040412 "Schwarzenegger gives up Soviet statue collection"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211141704/http://www.newshub.co.nz/entertainment/schwarzenegger-gives-up-soviet-statue-collection-2011040412 |date=February 11, 2017 }}, WENN. NewsHub. March 4, 2011. Retrieved February 8, 2017</ref> In 2015, he said he kept the Lenin bust to "show losers."<ref>[https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/features/the-unkillable-arnold-schwarzenegger-20150507 "The Unkillable Arnold Schwarzenegger"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819103931/http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/features/the-unkillable-arnold-schwarzenegger-20150507 |date=August 19, 2017 }}, Jonah Weiner. Rolling Stone. May 7, 2015. Retrieved February 8, 2017</ref>

Schwarzenegger is a supporter of Israel, and has participated in a Los Angeles pro-Israel rally<ref>{{cite web |title=Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger at L.A.'s Pro-Israel rally |via = YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqjZzgvz1-A |access-date=December 28, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140216184232/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqjZzgvz1-A |archive-date=February 16, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> among other similar events.<ref name="ynetnews">{{cite news |last=Benhorin |first=Yitzhak |title=Schwarzenegger: I love Israel |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4067508,00.html |access-date=December 28, 2013 |newspaper=[[Ynet]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203162324/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4067508,00.html |archive-date=December 3, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2004, Schwarzenegger visited Israel to break ground on [[Simon Wiesenthal Center]]'s [[Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem]], and to lay a wreath at the [[Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial]], he also met with Prime Minister [[Ariel Sharon]] and President [[Moshe Katsav]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.4828736 |title=Schwarzenegger, in Israel, Pays Tribute to Holocaust Victims |website=Haaretz |date=April 30, 2004 }}</ref> In 2011, at the [[Independence Day (Israel)|Independence Day]] celebration hosted by the Israeli Consulate General in Los Angeles, Schwarzenegger said: "I love Israel. When I became governor, Israel was the first country that I visited. When I had the chance to sign a bill calling on California pension funds to divest their money from companies that do business with [[Iran]], I immediately signed that bill", then he added, "I knew that we could not send money to these crazy dictators who hate us and threaten Israel any time they have a bad day."<ref name="ynetnews"/>

[[File:2017 Wahlkampf-Tour- Oberösterreich (37342740665).jpg|thumb|Schwarzenegger with former Chancellor of Austria, [[Christian Kern]] in September 2017]]
Schwarzenegger supported the [[2003 invasion of Iraq]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Schwarzenegger rejects California vote on Iraq war |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-usa-california/schwarzenegger-rejects-california-vote-on-iraq-war-idUSN1146037520070912 |work=Reuters |date=September 12, 2007 |access-date=July 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717154053/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-usa-california/schwarzenegger-rejects-california-vote-on-iraq-war-idUSN1146037520070912 |archive-date=July 17, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger also expressed support for the [[2011 military intervention in Libya]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger rallies to defence of David Cameron on Libya |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/wintour-and-watt/2011/mar/30/davidcameron-arnold-schwarzenegger |work=The Guardian |date=March 30, 2011 |access-date=July 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717154111/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/wintour-and-watt/2011/mar/30/davidcameron-arnold-schwarzenegger |archive-date=July 17, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, Schwarzenegger released a video message in support of the [[Euromaidan]] protests against Ukraine's pro-Russian President [[Viktor Yanukovych]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Releases Message Supporting Ukrainian Protestors (VIDEO) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/video-arnold-schwarzenegger-supports-ukrainian-674402 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=January 27, 2014 |access-date=August 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826112134/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/video-arnold-schwarzenegger-supports-ukrainian-674402 |archive-date=August 26, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2022, Schwarzenegger released another video message condemning the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]. Schwarzenegger's Twitter account is one of the 22 accounts that the [[president of Russia]]'s Twitter account follows.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/world/europe/arnold-schwarzenegger-video-putin.html |title=Why Arnold Schwarzenegger taped an impassioned video to Russia, telling Putin: 'Stop this war.' |first=Shawn |last=Hubler |date=March 17, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 20, 2022}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger, who played football as a boy, grew up watching [[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]] and [[SK Sturm Graz|Sturm Graz]].<ref name="bbc19"/> He also expressed his admiration of [[Jürgen Klopp]]'s [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] in October 2019.<ref name="bbc19">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/50160816|title=Premier League predictions: Lawro v 'Terminator: Dark Fate' star Arnold Schwarzenegger|website=BBC Sport|date=October 26, 2019|access-date=October 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191027012627/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/50160816|archive-date=October 27, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger inspired many actors to become [[action hero]]es, including [[Dwayne Johnson]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/jul/14/lets-rock-why-dwayne-johnson-is-the-new-schwarzenegger|title=Let's rock! Why Dwayne Johnson is the new Schwarzenegger|work=[[TheGuardian.com|The Guardian]]|date=July 14, 2018|access-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://hypebeast.com/2017/7/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-arnold-schwarzenegger-comparison|title=Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson Is This Generation's Much-Needed Arnold Schwarzenegger|work=Hypebeast|date=July 11, 2017|access-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref> [[Matt McColm]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1454&dat=19961130&id=FWhSAAAAIBAJ&pg=6818,6314399|title=Movie Trends / What's happened to all the shoot-'em-up films? Who's the next Sly or Jean-Claude?|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref> [[Christian Boeving]],<ref name="mvroom">{{cite web|url=http://moviesroom.pl/ranking-gwiazdy-kina-akcji-ktore-zgasly-predzej-niz-rozblysly/|title=Ranking. Gwiazdy kina akcji, które zgasły prędzej niż rozbłysły|first=Albert|last=Nowicki|work=Movies Room|language=pl|date=December 6, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114231508/http://moviesroom.pl/ranking-gwiazdy-kina-akcji-ktore-zgasly-predzej-niz-rozblysly/|access-date=January 5, 2021|archive-date=January 14, 2016}}</ref> [[Vidyut Jamwal]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/vidyut-jamwal-wants-to-be-the-indian-arnold-schwarzenegger-631217|title=Vidyut Jamwal wants to be the Indian Arnold Schwarzenegger|work=[[NDTV]] Movies|date=January 18, 2013|access-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref> and [[Daniel Greene (actor)|Daniel Greene]].<ref name="mvroom"/> Boeving's character in the 2003 action film ''[[When Eagles Strike]]'' was based on Schwarzenegger's image from the late 1980s: mostly on [[Dutch Schaefer|Major "Dutch" Schaefer]] from ''[[Predator (film)|Predator]]'' (1987) and Colonel John Matrix from ''[[Commando (1985 film)|Commando]]'' (1985).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0369795/trivia?ref_=tt_ql_2|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200317145122/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0369795/trivia?ref_=tt_ql_2|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 17, 2020|title=Operation Balikatan (2003) − Trivia − IMDb|publisher=[[IMDb]]. [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]]|access-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref>

=== Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy ===

In 2012, Schwarzenegger helped to found the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy, which is a part of the [[USC Price School of Public Policy]] at the [[University of Southern California]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.schwarzenegger.com/issues/post/usc-schwarzenegger-institute-for-state-and-global-policy |title=USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy &#124; Politics & Issues – Arnold Schwarzenegger |publisher=Schwarzenegger.com |access-date=January 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122051826/http://www.schwarzenegger.com/issues/post/usc-schwarzenegger-institute-for-state-and-global-policy |archive-date=January 22, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> The institute's mission is to "[advance] post-partisanship, where leaders put people over political parties and work together to find the best ideas and solutions to benefit the people they serve" and to "seek to influence public policy and public debate in finding solutions to the serious challenges we face".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://schwarzenegger.usc.edu/about-the-institute/mission |title=About the Institute &#124; USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy |publisher=Schwarzenegger.usc.edu |access-date=January 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122053351/http://schwarzenegger.usc.edu/about-the-institute/mission |archive-date=January 22, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> Schwarzenegger serves as chairman of the institute.<ref name="schwarzenegger.usc.edu">{{cite web |url=http://schwarzenegger.usc.edu/about-the-institute/about-the-institute-leadership |title=Leadership &#124; USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy |publisher=Schwarzenegger.usc.edu |access-date=January 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122053059/http://schwarzenegger.usc.edu/about-the-institute/about-the-institute-leadership |archive-date=January 22, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== 2016 presidential election ===

For the [[Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016|2016 Republican Party presidential primaries]], Schwarzenegger endorsed fellow Republican [[John Kasich presidential campaign, 2016|John Kasich]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unionleader.com/Arnold_Schwarzenegger_calls_Kasich_The_Terminator |title=Schwarzenegger calls Kasich the 'Terminator' |work=New Hampshire Union Leader |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215071504/http://www.unionleader.com/Arnold_Schwarzenegger_calls_Kasich_The_Terminator%26source%3DRSS |archive-date=February 15, 2016 }}</ref> However, he announced in October that he would not vote for the Republican presidential candidate [[Donald Trump]] in [[2016 United States presidential election|that year's United States presidential election]], with this being the first time he did not vote for the Republican candidate since becoming a citizen in 1983.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://people.com/politics/arnold-schwarzenegger-will-not-be-voting-for-donald-trump-choose-your-country-over-your-party/ |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Will Not Be Voting For Donald Trump |date=October 8, 2016 |newspaper=People |language=en-US |access-date=October 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009104158/http://people.com/politics/arnold-schwarzenegger-will-not-be-voting-for-donald-trump-choose-your-country-over-your-party/ |archive-date=October 9, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-09/robert-de-niro-says-he-would-like-to-punch-trump/7916292 |title='I want to punch him': De Niro launches scathing attack on Trump |date=October 9, 2016 |newspaper=ABC News |language=en-AU |access-date=October 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009083618/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-09/robert-de-niro-says-he-would-like-to-punch-trump/7916292 |archive-date=October 9, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/arnold-schwarzenegger-john-mccain-wont-vote-for-donald-trump-w444040 |title=Schwarzenegger, McCain, More Drop Support of Trump |newspaper=Us Weekly |access-date=October 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009104008/http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/arnold-schwarzenegger-john-mccain-wont-vote-for-donald-trump-w444040 |archive-date=October 9, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Post-2016 activism===

[[File:California Governors - Your Action Saves Lives campaign video.ogg|thumb|Schwarzenegger participating in a video promoting wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. The video features appearances of all the living governors of California.]]

In 2017, Schwarzenegger condemned [[white supremacists]] who were seen carrying Nazi and Confederate flags by calling their heroes "losers."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/arnold-schwarzenegger-trump-the-united-states-no-place-for-nazi-flags-2017-8|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger to white supremacists: 'Your heroes are losers'|website=Business Insider|date=August 18, 2017|access-date=October 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026142949/https://www.businessinsider.com/arnold-schwarzenegger-trump-the-united-states-no-place-for-nazi-flags-2017-8|archive-date=October 26, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2019, while at the "Arnold Classic Africa" sports competition as an official, Schwarzenegger was attacked by an assailant in a flying kick. The assailant was arrested.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48322307|title=No charges over attack, says Schwarzenegger|date=May 19, 2019|access-date=May 29, 2019|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518183702/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48322307|archive-date=May 18, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Following the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack]] by supporters of President Donald Trump, Schwarzenegger posted a video address on social media in which he likened the insurrection to [[Nazi Germany]]'s [[Kristallnacht]], which he described as "a night of rampage against the Jews carried out [by] the Nazi equivalent of the [[Proud Boys]]." He spoke of [[Gustav Schwarzenegger|his father]]'s alcoholism, domestic violence, and abuse, and how it was typical of other former Nazis and [[Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy|collaborators]] in the [[post-war]] era; and described Trump as "a failed leader. He will go down in history as the worst president ever."<ref name=riotvideo>{{Cite tweet|last=Schwarzenegger|first=Arnold|user=Schwarzenegger |number=1348249481284874240|date=January 10, 2021 |title=(Video) My message to my fellow Americans and friends around the world following this week's attack on the Capitol}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Schwarzenegger rebukes Trump and compares Capitol riot to Kristallnacht |last=Pengelly |first=Martin |work=The Guardian |date=January 10, 2021 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/10/capitol-riot-schwarzenegger-rebukes-trump-kristallnacht}}</ref>

In late March 2021, Schwarzenegger was interviewed by ''[[Politico]]'' about the upcoming [[2021 California gubernatorial recall election|recall election in California]] in which he said that "it's pretty much the same atmosphere today as it was then,"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/31/arnold-schwarzenegger-newsom-california-recall-478575|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger has a warning for Gavin Newsom|date=March 31, 2021|work=[[Politico]]|last=Marinucci|first=Carla}}</ref> and when he was asked about Newsom's claim of this being a "Republican recall" he responded that "this recall effort is sparked by ordinary folks," and that this was not a power grab by Republicans.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/arnold-schwarzenegger-newsom-recall-governor-republican|title=Newsom recall effort is sparked by 'ordinary people,' not Republican 'power grab': Arnold Schwarzenegger|date=March 31, 2021|publisher=Fox News|last=Fordham|first=Evie}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2021/04/01/former-california-gov-schwarzenegger-warns-newsom-to-take-looming-recall-election-seriously/|title=Former California Gov. Schwarzenegger Warns Newsom To Take Looming Recall Election Seriously|date=April 1, 2021|website=sacramento.cbslocal.com|publisher=[[CBS Sacramento]]|last=Haefeli|first=Laura}}</ref>

Schwarzenegger has spoken out about [[COVID-19]], urging Americans to wear masks and practice social distancing. In August 2021, he said: "There is a virus here. It kills people and the only way we prevent it is: get vaccinated, wear masks, do social distancing, washing your hands all the time, and not just to think about, 'Well my freedom is being kind of disturbed here.' No, screw your freedom."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2021/08/12/arnold-schwarzenegger-anti-maskers-screw-your-freedom/8106562002/|title = 'Screw your freedom': Arnold Schwarzenegger calls anti-maskers 'schmucks' in powerful rant|website = [[USA Today]]}}</ref>

On January 17 2024, Schwarzenegger was detained by German authorities after failing to claim an item to customs agents after landing in [[Munich]]. A spokesperson for the customs agency said that Schwarzenegger would face criminal tax proceedings because he failed to declare an item that originated in a country that is not a part of the European Union. The item in question was a watch manufactured by [[Audemars Piguet]], a [[Switzerland|Swiss]] company. A spokesperson for Schwarzenegger said that he was never asked to fill out a declaration form and he was compliant with officials upon his detainment. Schwarzenegger was held for three hours and was released after pre-paying potential taxes. The watch was subsequently auctioned off at a dinner in [[Kitzbühel]] to raise funds for the Schwarzenegger Climate Initiative the next day, fetching €270,000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Engels |first=Elizabeth Wagmeister, Chris Stern, Jorge |date=2024-01-17 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger held at Munich airport after failing to declare expensive watch |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/17/europe/arnold-schwarzenegger-munich-airport-watch-intl/index.html |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogunbayo |first=Morayo |date=2024-01-19 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger's undeclared watch fetches $294K at climate auction |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/19/entertainment/arnold-schwarzeneggers-undeclared-watch-fetches-usd294k-at-climate-auction/index.html |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

===Diet, health, and climate change===
At a 2015 security conference, Schwarzenegger called [[climate change]] the issue of our time,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/schwarzenegger-climate-change-the-issue-our-time |title=Schwarzenegger: Climate change is 'the issue of our time' |year=2015 |publisher=MSNBC |access-date=February 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203180454/http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/schwarzenegger-climate-change-the-issue-our-time |archive-date=February 3, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> and urged politicians to stop treating it as a political issue.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/schwarzenegger-on-climate-change-2015-12|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger: Republicans need to stop treating climate change like a political issue|website=Business Insider|date=December 9, 2015|access-date=October 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026151428/https://www.businessinsider.com/schwarzenegger-on-climate-change-2015-12|archive-date=October 26, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Next, in 2016, he collaborated on a campaign by [[WildAid]], starring in the [[Public service announcement|PSA]], "Less Meat, Less Heat,"<ref name=less2>{{cite web
|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3q-7ish6vk
|title='Less Meat Less Heat' starring Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger
|access-date=2023-11-26
|last=
|first=
|date=2016
|work=[[WildAid]]
}}</ref> that encourages people to eat less meat as a means of combating climate change.<ref name=less>{{cite web
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jun/23/arnold-schwarzenegger-james-cameron-eat-less-meat-china
|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger and James Cameron urge people to eat less meat
|access-date=2023-11-26
|last=Shoard
|first=Catherine
|date=2016-06-23
|work=[[The Guardian]]
}}</ref> 

In 2018, he appeared in, and served as an executive producer (alongside [[James Cameron]] et al.) for, the documentary ''[[The Game Changers]]''.  This film explores the rise of [[plant-based diets]] in professional sports.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gamechangersmovie.com |title=The Game Changers |access-date=July 10, 2019 |language=en-GB |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004181842/https://gamechangersmovie.com/ |archive-date=October 4, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February, 2022  he said that he has “been about 80% plant-based for the past five years of my life.”<ref name=eightypercent>{{cite web
|url=https://people.com/health/arnold-schwarzenegger-has-been-80-plant-based-for-5-years-feels-healthier-and-younger-overall/
|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Has Been 80% Plant-Based for 5 Years, Feels 'Healthier and Younger Overall'
|access-date=2023-11-26
|last=Maziotta
|first=Julie
|date=2022-02-24
|work=People Magazine
}}</ref> He also says that while he occasionally still consumes smaller amounts of animal products, following a mostly [[plant-based diet]] is better for his “overall-health,” and that [[James Cameron]] helped him to understand that it is better for the environment.<ref name=eightypercent/>

== Filmography ==

{{Main|Arnold Schwarzenegger filmography}}
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|
* ''[[Hercules in New York]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Stay Hungry]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Pumping Iron]]'' (1977)
* ''[[The Villain (1979 film)|The Villain]]'' (1979)
* ''[[The Comeback (1980 film)|The Comeback]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)|Conan the Barbarian]]'' (1982)
* ''[[Conan the Destroyer]]'' (1984)
* ''[[The Terminator]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Red Sonja (1985 film)|Red Sonja]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Commando (1985 film)|Commando]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Raw Deal (1986 film)|Raw Deal]]'' (1986)
* ''[[Predator (film)|Predator]]'' (1987)
* ''[[The Running Man (1987 film)|The Running Man]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Red Heat (1988 film)|Red Heat]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Twins (1988 film)|Twins]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'' (1990)
* ''[[Kindergarten Cop]]'' (1990)
* ''[[Terminator 2: Judgment Day]]'' (1991)
* ''[[Last Action Hero]]'' (1993)
* ''[[True Lies]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Junior (1994 film)|Junior]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Eraser (film)|Eraser]]'' (1996)
* ''[[Jingle All the Way]]'' (1996)
* ''[[Batman & Robin (film)|Batman & Robin]]'' (1997)
* ''[[End of Days (film)|End of Days]]'' (1999)
* ''[[The 6th Day]]'' (2000)
* ''[[Collateral Damage (2002 film)|Collateral Damage]]'' (2002)
* ''[[Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines]]'' (2003)
* ''[[The Expendables (2010 film)|The Expendables]]'' (2010)
* ''[[The Expendables 2]]'' (2012)
* ''[[The Last Stand (2013 film)|The Last Stand]]'' (2013)
* ''[[Escape Plan (film)|Escape Plan]]'' (2013)
* ''[[The Expendables 3]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Sabotage (2014 film)|Sabotage]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Maggie (film)|Maggie]]'' (2015)
* ''[[Terminator Genisys]]'' (2015)
* ''[[Aftermath (2017 film)|Aftermath]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Killing Gunther]]'' (2017)
* ''[[Terminator: Dark Fate]]'' (2019)
* ''[[Viy 2: Journey to China|Iron Mask]]'' (2019)
* ''[[FUBAR (TV series)|Fubar]]'' (2023)
* ''[[Kung Fury 2]]'' (TBA)
}}

== Awards and honors ==

{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Arnold Schwarzenegger}}
'''Bodybuilding'''
* Seven-time [[Mr. Olympia]] winner
* Four-time [[Universe Championships|Mr. Universe]] winner
* 1969 World Amateur Bodybuilding Champion

'''Entertainment'''
* 1977 [[Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe Award]] winner
* 2012 [[Inkpot Award]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot|title=Inkpot Award|date=December 6, 2012|website=Comic-Con International: San Diego}}</ref>
* 2014 [[Primetime Emmy Awards|Primetime Emmy Award]] winner for producing the documentary series ''[[Years of Living Dangerously]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/arnold-schwarzenegger|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger {{pipe}} Emmy Awards|publisher=[[Academy of Television Arts & Sciences]]|access-date=January 24, 2023}}</ref>

'''Halls of Fame'''
*[[International Sports Hall of Fame]] (class of 2012)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ishof.net/#!bio-arnold-schwarzenegger.csui |title=International Sports Hall of Fame |access-date=March 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228033534/http://www.ishof.net/#!bio-arnold-schwarzenegger.csui |archive-date=February 28, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[WWE Hall of Fame]] ([[WWE Hall of Fame (2015)|class of 2015]])<ref>{{Citation|title=WWE Hall of Fame 2015, every inductee!|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bfIn_ykLy0|url-status=dead|language=en|access-date=January 27, 2020|archive-date=December 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221205216/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bfIn_ykLy0}}</ref><ref name="WWE HOF" />
*Medal for Humanitary Merit of the Austrian [[Albert Schweitzer]] Society (2011)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oeasg.org/ReportCanUSA.htm|title=ReportCanada-USA|website=oeasg.org|access-date=July 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916022554/http://www.oeasg.org/ReportCanUSA.htm|archive-date=September 16, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]

'''State/local'''
*Public art mural portrait "Arnold Schwarzenegger" (2012) by Jonas Never, Venice, Los Angeles<ref name="Calif Geog">{{cite journal |last1=Salim |first1=Zia |title=The Contours of Creativity: Public Art, Cultural Landscapes, and Urban Space in Venice, California |journal=The California Geographer/The California Geographical Society |year=2019 |volume=58 |url=http://scholarworks.csun.edu/bitstream/handle/10211.3/211188/CAGeo58-42-79-Salim.pdf?sequence=1 |access-date=September 22, 2020}}</ref>
* Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy (part of the [[USC Price School of Public Policy]] at the [[University of Southern California]]) named in his honor.<ref name="schwarzenegger.usc.edu" />
* Arnold's Run ski trail at [[Sun Valley, Idaho|Sun Valley]] Resort named in his honor.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtexpress.com/2001/01-12-05/01-12-05arnoldsrun.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011207105112/http://www.mtexpress.com/2001/01-12-05/01-12-05arnoldsrun.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 7, 2001 |title=And … here's Arnold's Run |access-date=July 13, 2008 }}</ref> The trail is categorized as a [[Double black diamond|black diamond]], or most difficult, for its terrain.

'''International'''
* [[Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria|Grand Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria]] in Gold (1993)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bildarchivaustria.at/Pages/ImageDetail.aspx?p_iBildID=15217485|title=Österreichische Nationalbibliothek – Goldenes Ehrenzeichen für Arnold Schwarzenegger|website=bildarchivaustria.at|access-date=July 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927113219/http://www.bildarchivaustria.at/Pages/ImageDetail.aspx?p_iBildID=15217485|archive-date=September 27, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Cavalier (2011) and Commander (2017) of the French [[Legion of Honour|Legion of Honor]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2011/05/19/lyons_male_species/|title=A bad week for the males of our species|date=May 19, 2011|website=Salon|language=en|access-date=September 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102183101/https://www.salon.com/2011/05/19/lyons_male_species/|archive-date=November 2, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/movies/arnold-schwarzenegger-awarded-for-environmental-work/|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger Receives France's Highest Honor for his Environmental Work|website=People|language=en|access-date=September 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331164736/http://people.com/movies/arnold-schwarzenegger-awarded-for-environmental-work/|archive-date=March 31, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Honorary Ring of the [[Styria|Federal State of Styria]] (Austria, June 2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.meinbezirk.at/steiermark/c-leute/arnold-schwarzenegger-erhielt-ehrenring-des-landes-steiermark_a2166212|title=Arnold Schwarzenegger erhielt Ehrenring des Landes Steiermark|last=Wutti|first=Kerstin|date=June 22, 2017 |publisher=meinbezirk.at|language=de|access-date=July 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729105511/https://www.meinbezirk.at/steiermark/c-leute/arnold-schwarzenegger-erhielt-ehrenring-des-landes-steiermark_a2166212|archive-date=July 29, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
* "A Day for Arnold" on July 30, 2007, in [[Thal, Austria]]. For his 60th birthday, the mayor sent Schwarzenegger the enameled address sign (Thal 145) of the house where Schwarzenegger was born, declaring "This belongs to him. No one here will ever be assigned that number again".<ref name="WWE HOF">{{cite web |url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/arnold-schwarzenegger |title=Schwarzenegger's WWE HOF bio |publisher=[[WWE]] |access-date=January 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211010752/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/arnold-schwarzenegger |archive-date=February 11, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Strudel, schnitzel shower Schwarzenegger at 60th birthday bash |work=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-07-30-schwarzenegger_N.htm |access-date=April 18, 2008 |agency=Associated Press |date=July 30, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705114202/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-07-30-schwarzenegger_N.htm |archive-date=July 5, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* "Honor et Gloria" White Cross (No.179) – 2023; Ukrainian non-state decoration bestowed by the VGO "Kraina" ([[Non-governmental organization|NGO]]) at the request of Mr Anatoliy Ostapenko (member of the [[Verkhovna Rada]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vto-orden.com.ua/catalog/award/bilij-hrest-chest-ta-slava |title=Білий хрест "HONOR ET GLORIA" |publisher=vto-orden.com.ua |access-date=September 1, 2023 |language=uk }}</ref>

== Books ==

* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |year=1977 |title=Arnold: Developing a Mr. Universe Physique |publisher=Schwarzenegger |oclc=6457784}}
* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |author2=Douglas Kent Hall |year=1977 |title=Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder |url=https://archive.org/details/arnoldeducationo00schw |url-access=registration |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-671-22879-8|author2-link=Douglas Kent Hall }}
* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |author2=Douglas Kent Hall |year=1979 |title=Arnold's Bodyshaping for Women |url=https://archive.org/details/arnoldsbodyshapi00schw |url-access=registration |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-671-24301-2|author2-link=Douglas Kent Hall }}
* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |author2=Bill Dobbins |year=1981 |title=Arnold's Bodybuilding for Men |url=https://archive.org/details/arnoldsbodybuild00schw |url-access=registration |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-671-25613-5|author2-link=Bill Dobbins }}
* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |author2=Bill Dobbins |year=1998 |title=The New Encyclopedia of Modern Bodybuilding |edition=Rev. |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-684-84374-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |year=2012 |title=Total Recall |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-1-84983-971-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/totalrecallmyunb0000schw |url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book |last=Schwarzenegger |first=Arnold |year=2023 |title=Be Useful: Seven Tools for Life |location=London |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-59365-595-5 }}

== See also ==
{{Portal|California|Austria|Biography}}
* [[Template:Kennedy family tree|Kennedy family tree]]
* [[List of U.S. state governors born outside the United States]]

== References ==

=== Footnotes ===
{{Notelist}}

=== Citations ===
<!-- {{[[Template:Scroll box|scroll box]]}} should not be used in main article space, as it renders any content obscured within the template unprintable, according to a [[Wikipedia:Templates for deletion/Log/2007 June 11#Template:Scrollref|June 2007 discussion]]. -->
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book |last=Andrews |first=Nigel |title=True Myths: The Life and Times of Arnold Schwarzenegger: From Pumping Iron to Governor of California |year=2003 |edition=rev. |publisher=Bloomsbury |location=New York |isbn=978-1-58234-465-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/truemythslifetim0000andr }}
* {{cite AV media |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger: Hollywood Hero |date=November 11, 1999 |medium=Television production (special) |people=Baker, Todd (director)}}
* {{cite book |last=Blitz |first=Michael |author2=Louise Krasniewicz |title=Why Arnold Matters: The Rise of a Cultural Icon |year=2004 |publisher=Basic Books |location=New York |isbn=978-0-465-03752-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Borowitz |first=Andy |author-link=Andy Borowitz |title=Governor Arnold: A Photodiary of His First 100 Days in Office |year=2004 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York |isbn=978-0-7432-6266-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Brandon |first=Karen |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger |year=2004 |publisher=Lucent Books |location=San Diego |isbn=978-1-59018-539-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/arnoldschwarzene00bran }}
* {{cite book |last=Saunders |first=Dave |title="Arnie": Schwarzenegger and the Movies |year=2008 |publisher=I. B. Tauris |location=London}}
* {{cite book |last=Sexton |first=Colleen A. |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger |year=2005 |publisher=Lerner Publications |location=Minneapolis |isbn=978-0-8225-1634-7 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/arnoldschwarzene0000sext }}
* {{cite book |last=Zannos |first=Susan |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger |year=2000 |publisher=Mitchell Lane |location=Childs, Md. |isbn=978-1-883845-95-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/arnoldschwarzene00zann }}

== External links ==
{{Sister project links|voy=no|Arnold Schwarzenegger|wikt=no|b=no|s=Arnold Schwarzenegger|v=no|author=yes|d=Q2685}}

* {{Official website}}
* [https://arnieslife.com/Arnold Schwarzenegger Museum]
* {{Sports links}}
* {{curlie|Arts/People/S/Schwarzenegger,_Arnold}}
* {{C-SPAN}}
* {{IMDb name}}
* {{TCMDb name}}
* {{British pathe|v=c7Iaz_r2t-g&list=PLF6DFF20B9F98951B|d=Schwarzenegger competing in Mr. Universe|year=1969}}

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{{Arnold Schwarzenegger|state=expanded}}
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