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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
|_noautocat             = no
|native_name            = 
|conventional_long_name = Barony of Geraki
|common_name            = Geraki
|subdivision            = Barony
|nation                 = the [[Principality of Achaea]]
|status_text            = 
|government_type        = Feudal lordship
<!-- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies -->
|title_leader           = Baron 
|leader1                = 
|year_leader1           = 
<!-- General information -->
|capital                = [[Geronthres|Geraki]]
|coordinates            = {{Coord|36|59|N|22|42|E|display=inline,title}}
|year_start             = 1209
|year_end               = 1260s
|event_start            = 
|event_end              = [[Byzantine]] reconquest
|life_span              = 
|era                    = [[Middle Ages]]
|image_flag             = 
|flag_type              = 
|flag                   = 
|image_coat             = 
|symbol_type            = 
|symbol                 = 
|image_map              = Peloponnese Middle Ages map-en.svg
|image_map_caption      = Map of the Peloponnese with its principal locations during the late Middle Ages
|p1                     = 
|flag_p1                = 
|s1                     = Despotate of the Morea
|flag_s1                = Byzantine imperial flag, 14th century, square.svg
|footnotes              = 
}}
The '''Barony of Geraki''' was a medieval [[Frankokratia|Frankish]] fiefdom of the [[Principality of Achaea]], located on the western slopes of [[Mount Parnon]] in [[Laconia]], of the [[Peloponnese]] peninsula in [[Greece]], and centred on the castle of [[Geronthres|Geraki]] ({{lang-el|Γεράκι, Ἰεράκιον}}; {{lang-fr|Le Gi[e]rachy}}; {{lang-it|Zirachi, Zerachi}}).<ref>Bon (1969), p. 510</ref> After the fall of Geraki to the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]], the ruling family, the Nivelets, retained their baronial title and were compensated with new lands in Messenia, as the '''Barony of Nivelet'''.

== History ==
The Barony of Geraki was established ca. 1209, after the conquest of the [[Peloponnese]] by the [[Fourth Crusade|Crusaders]], and was one of the original twelve secular [[feudal barony|baronies]] within the [[Principality of Achaea]]. The barony, with six knight's fiefs attached to it, was given to [[Guy of Nivelet]], who built the fortress of Geraki near ancient [[Geronthrae]].<ref>Miller (1921), pp. 71–72</ref><ref>Bon (1969), pp. 112, 510</ref> Like the [[Barony of Passavant]] in western Laconia, Geraki was built as a stronghold in an unruly border region. It was not until ca. 1248, with the fall of the last [[Byzantine]] fortress, [[Monemvasia]], that Laconia was fully pacified, and Geraki's  purpose was to keep watch over the rebellious [[Tsakones]] who inhabited the northern [[Parnon]].<ref>Miller (1921), p. 72</ref><ref>Bon (1969), pp. 73, 112, 113</ref>

Guy of Nivelet, who is securely attested ca. 1228/30, was succeeded as baron by [[John of Nivelet]], perhaps his son.<ref>Bon (1969), pp. 112–113</ref> In the 1260s, Geraki fell to the resurgent Byzantines, but it is unclear exactly when. [[George Pachymeres]] mentions it as one of the fortresses (along with [[Grand Maigne]], [[Mystras]] and Monemvasia) that Prince [[William II of Villehardouin]] agreed to hand over as ransom for his release from captivity. In reality, although Geraki was most probably not immediately surrendered, its exposed position made it vulnerable and it likely fell, if not in the first Byzantine offensives of 1263–64, then certainly by ca. 1268/70.<ref>Bon (1969), pp. 113, 123, 125–126, 135</ref>

Following the loss of Geraki, the Nivelet family was compensated with new lands in [[Messenia]]. They kept their baronial title, but the new "Barony of Nivelet" was no longer a distinct geographical entity, but apparently an assemblage of dispersed fiefs tied to the family.<ref>Bon (1969), pp. 113, 135, 510</ref> The Nivelets survived until 1316, when the family was dispossessed due to the firm support of the then baron ([[Karl Hopf (historian)|Karl Hopf]] hypothetically names him [[John II of Nivelet|John II]]) to the [[Battle of Manolada|unsuccessful venture]] of [[Ferdinand of Majorca]] to seize the Principality. After defeating Ferdinand, Prince [[Louis of Burgundy]] had the last Nivelet baron executed and gave his lands to one of his own followers, [[Dreux of Charny]].<ref>Bon (1969), pp. 113 note 2, 192–193</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Sources==
* {{La Morée franque}}
* {{Essays on the Latin Orient}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Geraki, Barony of}}
[[Category:States and territories established in 1209]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in the 1260s]]
[[Category:Medieval Laconia]]
[[Category:Baronies of the Principality of Achaea]]
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