Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Bartow–Pell Mansion

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{short description|Historic house in the Bronx, New York}}
{{Use American English|date = January 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox NRHP
| name = Bartow–Pell Mansion and Carriage House
| nrhp_type = nhl
| designated_other2_name = New York City Landmark
| designated_other2_abbr = NYCL
| designated_other2_link = New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
| designated_other2_number = 0125, 0886
| designated_other2_color = #ffe978
| designated_other2_date = February 15, 1966 (exterior)<ref name="NYCL-0125E" /><br>May 27, 1975 (interior)
| locmapin = New York City
| image = Bartow-pell-mansion.jpg
| caption =
| location = 895 Shore Road North, [[Pelham Bay Park]], [[The Bronx|Bronx]], [[New York (state)|New York]]
| coordinates = {{coord|40|52|19|N|73|48|20|W|region:US-NY_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| area =
| built = 1836
| architect =
| architecture = [[Greek Revival architecture|Greek Revival]]
| designated_nrhp_type = December 8, 1976<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web |url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1457&ResourceType=Building |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion |date=September 8, 2007 |work=National Historic Landmark summary listing |publisher=National Park Service |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013101829/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1457&ResourceType=Building |archive-date=October 13, 2007}}</ref>
| added = December 30, 1974<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
| refnum = 74001220
| designated_other1 = New York State Register of Historic Places
| designated_other1_num_position = bottom
| designated_other1_number = 00501.000013
| designated_other1_abbr = NYSRHP
| designated_other1_date = June 23, 1980
}}

The '''Bartow–Pell Mansion''' is a [[historic house museum]] at 895 Shore Road in the northern section of [[Pelham Bay Park]] in [[the Bronx]] in [[New York City]]. The two-story building, designed in the mid-19th century by an unknown architect, has a [[Greek Revival architecture|Greek Revival]] facade and [[federal architecture|federal interiors]] and is the last surviving [[manor house]] in the Pelham Bay Park area. The grounds surrounding the mansion take up {{Convert|9|acre}} and include a three-story [[carriage house]]; terraced gardens overlooking [[Long Island Sound]] to the east; and a small burial plot for the Pell family, which once occupied the land.

The house sits on an estate that [[Thomas Pell]] purchased from the native [[Siwanoy]] in 1654; the Pell family built two previous residences on the grounds in both 1675 and 1790. Robert Bartow, a descendant of Thomas Pell, built the third and current house at some point between 1836 and 1842. Ownership of the house remained in the Bartow and Pell families until 1888, when the [[government of New York City]] bought it, and the house remained empty until 1914 when the International Garden Club, co-founded by [[Zelia Hoffman]] and Alice Martineau, leased it. The IGC renovated the home into a clubhouse and moved in during 1915. Mayor [[Fiorello La Guardia]] used the mansion as his summer residence during 1936. The IGC opened part of the house to the public as a museum in May 1946 while continuing to use it as a clubhouse. The mansion's carriage house was restored between 1987 and 1993.

The house is oriented on a north-south axis with wings on either side, and has a stone facade with balconies and large windows. The interior of the mansion's first floor is arranged around a square central hall with an elliptical staircase; it includes two parlors, a sitting room and a small dining room. The second floor contains bedrooms, while the cellar was used for storing wine. The carriage house, which contained a stable hand's home, vehicular storage, and the [[hayloft]], has served as an exhibition and educational space since 1993. Some of the furnishings include the desk of [[Aaron Burr]] and a [[Charles-Honoré Lannuier|Lannuier]] bed. The mansion's facade, interior, and surrounding grounds are designated as a [[New York City designated landmark]] and a [[National Historic Landmark]].

== Site ==
The Bartow–Pell Mansion is located in the northern section of [[Pelham Bay Park]] in [[the Bronx]] in [[New York City]].<ref name="park-map">{{Cite map |url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ddd936858f32e7b23f031d9/t/605b7e6477f59a562fd52c18/1616608868814/F-of-PBP-map.pdf |title=Pelham Bay Park Map |publisher=Friends of Pelham Bay Park |date=February 2014 |access-date=October 5, 2017 |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923232403/https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ddd936858f32e7b23f031d9/t/605b7e6477f59a562fd52c18/1616608868814/F-of-PBP-map.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Although its official address is 895 Shore Road, the house is within a wooded portion of the park<ref name="New York City Department of Parks & Recreation 2006 w242">{{cite web |date=September 29, 2006 |title=Pelham Bay Park Historic Houses : NYC Parks |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/facilities/historichouses |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708094516/https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/facilities/historichouses |url-status=live}}</ref> and is accessible only via a driveway extending {{Convert|200|yd}} off Shore Road.<ref name="p12374095212">{{cite news |last= |first= |date=June 26, 1936 |title='Summer City Hall' Set Up By Mayor on Pelham Bay: LaGuardia Shifts Office Wednesday to Bartow Home, 75 Minutes (or More) From Broadway |page=1 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1237409521}}}}</ref> There is a parking lot in front of the mansion, at the end of the driveway.<ref name="n136042686">{{Cite news |last=Thompson |first=Geoffrey |date=January 16, 1976 |title=Pell property was part of county |pages=35 |work=The Daily Item |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-item-pell-property-was-part-of/136042686/ |access-date=November 30, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Transportation 2023 m262">{{cite web |date=June 27, 2023 |title=Plan your Visit |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/visit/plan-your-visit/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |archive-date=March 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327122216/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/visit/plan-your-visit/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rhododendron]]s and [[Syringa|lilacs]] were planted along the driveway during the mid-20th century.<ref name="n136109292">{{Cite news |date=November 20, 1965 |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion: A Gracious Way |pages=5 |work=The Daily Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-bartow-pell-mansion-a-g/136109292/ |access-date=December 1, 2023}}</ref> The Bartow-Pell Woods and Pelham Bay Park's lagoon are to the east, while the Pelham Golf Course is to the northwest. [[Orchard Beach (Bronx)|Orchard Beach]] is across the lagoon.<ref name="park-map" /> A hiking path called the Siwanoy Trail loops around the estate.<ref name="n136047919">{{Cite news |last=Lewis |first=John |date=November 5, 1989 |title=Trails are wearing fall fashions |pages=337 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-trails-are-wearing-fall-fashi/136047919/ |access-date=November 30, 2023}}</ref> The nearest [[New York City Subway]] station is the [[Pelham Bay Park station]],<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /><ref name="bxbus">{{Cite NYC bus map|W}}</ref> located across the [[Hutchinson River]].<ref name="park-map" /> [[Bee-Line Bus System|Bee-Line Bus]]'s 45 route also stops outside the estate.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /><ref name="bxbus" />

The mansion and its garden take up {{Convert|9|acre|m2}} of Pelham Bay Park.<ref name="n136116027">{{Cite news |last=Sherman |first=Beth |date=November 14, 1986 |title=History Hopping |pages=[https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-history-hopping/136116027/ 197], 229 |work=Newsday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-history-hopping/136116469/ |access-date=December 1, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Chen 2020 b893">{{cite web |last=Chen |first=Stefanos |date=June 5, 2020 |title=Quarantined in a Museum |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/05/realestate/historic-house-caretaker-coronavirus.html |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=November 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125121828/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/05/realestate/historic-house-caretaker-coronavirus.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Northeast of the mansion itself is [[Bartow–Pell Mansion#Carriage house|the estate's carriage house]].<ref name="NYCL-0125E">{{cite report |url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0125E.pdf |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion, Expanded Landmark Site |date=January 10, 1978 |publisher=[[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] |page=2 |access-date=December 1, 2023}}</ref> To the east of the mansion is a formal [[Terrace garden|terraced garden]], which slopes down gently toward the lagoon and [[Long Island Sound]].<ref name="n136055984">{{Cite news |date=May 16, 1915 |title=New International Garden Club Becoming the Mecca of Motorists |pages=47 |work=The Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun-new-international-garden-club-be/136055984/ |access-date=November 30, 2023}}</ref><ref name="The New York Times 1915 c350">{{cite web |date=May 2, 1915 |title=Governor Plants a New Treaty Oak; Bartow Mansion in Pelham Bay Park Turned Over to the International Garden Club |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1915/05/02/archives/governor-plants-a-new-treaty-oak-bartow-mansion-in-pelham-bay-park.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> As built, the garden is composed of several levels, with a sunken square fountain in the center and a set of steps on either side.<ref name="NYCL-0125E" /> During the spring through fall, the fountain was surrounded by rose and tulip beds.<ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092">{{cite web |last=Phillips |first=McCandlish |date=November 7, 1964 |title=Stately Era Is Reflected In Bartow-Pell Mansion |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/11/07/archives/stately-era-is-reflected-in-bartowpell-mansion.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The other terraces were planted with [[petunia]]s and [[Yew|yew trees]],<ref name="p12374095212"/> as well as [[dahlia]]s, [[zinnia]]s, [[Aster (genus)|asters]], and [[chrysanthemum]]s.<ref name="p516109827">{{cite news |last=Scott Fisher |first=Barbara E. |date=August 5, 1947 |title=Rummaging Round New York |page=6 |work=The Christian Science Monitor |issn=0882-7729 |id={{ProQuest|516109827}}}}</ref> The garden is surrounded by a {{convert|7|ft|m|-tall|adj=mid}} wall,<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="NYCL-0125E" /><ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> which is made of locally sourced stone and was covered with wisteria.<ref name="n136109292" /><ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> There are iron gates in the wall,<ref name="n136116027" /><ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> as well as a wrought-iron fence above the wall on the eastern end of the garden.<ref name="NYCL-0125E" /> East of the fence was a lawn that overlooked the water,<ref name="p12374095212"/> although Long Island Sound was no longer visible from the mansion by the 20th century.<ref name="nyt-1987-05-29">{{Cite news |last=Shepard |first=Richard F. |date=May 29, 1987 |title=Landmark New York Dwellings Still Speak of Bucolic Times |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/29/arts/landmark-new-york-dewllings-still-speak-of-bucolic-times.html |access-date=November 24, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026171033/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/29/arts/landmark-new-york-dewllings-still-speak-of-bucolic-times.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Mellon 2010 pp. 8-9">{{Cite magazine |last=Mellon |first=Jonathan |date=Spring 2010 |title=Preserving Historic Landscapes |url=<!--https://twistedpreservation.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/hhtnewsspring10.pdf--> |magazine=Mind the Gap |publisher=[[Historic House Trust]] |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=8–9 |issn=1083-379X}}</ref> The Mary Ludington Herb Garden adjoins the terraced garden.<ref name="Gothamist 2014 o201">{{cite web |date=August 26, 2014 |title=The Six Best "Secret Gardens" Of NYC |url=https://gothamist.com/arts-entertainment/the-six-best-secret-gardens-of-nyc |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=Gothamist |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202140827/https://gothamist.com/arts-entertainment/the-six-best-secret-gardens-of-nyc |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Newsletter Summer 2011 pp. 1, 4">{{Cite book |last=Dean |first=Alice |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2011-Summer.pdf |title=Summer 2011 Newsletter |date=Summer 2011 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |pages=1, 4 |chapter=Gardens and Grounds Retrospective |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116222747/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2011-Summer.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>

Just south of the Bartow–Pell Mansion was a tree named [[Pelham Bay Park#Treaty Oak|Treaty Oak]].<ref name="Kazimiroff 2014 p. 5122" /><ref name="Jenkins p. 314">{{harvnb|Jenkins|1912|ps=.|p=314}}</ref> The [[Siwanoy]] Native American chief [[Wampage]] and English colonist [[Thomas Pell]] signed a treaty under the tree in 1654, in which Pell purchased all land east of the Bronx River in what was then [[Westchester County, New York]].<ref name="Kazimiroff 2014 p. 5122" /><ref name="Twomey p. 212">{{cite book |last=Twomey |first=Bill |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WeVTP3GyFH0C&pg=PA103 |title=The Bronx, in Bits and Pieces |publisher=Rooftop Publishing |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-60008-062-3 |access-date=October 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229181215/https://books.google.com/books?id=WeVTP3GyFH0C&pg=PA103 |archive-date=December 29, 2021 |url-status=live |page=212}}</ref><ref name="Barr p. 24">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|p=24}}</ref> The oak tree, which was surrounded by a fence, was destroyed in 1906<ref name="Jenkins p. 314" /><ref name="n7574740">{{Cite news |date=April 9, 1906 |title=Fire in the Pell Oak |pages=4 |work=The Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun/7574740/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222959/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun/7574740/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and replanted in 1915.<ref name="The New York Times 1915 c350" /><ref name="p575440317">{{cite news |date=May 2, 1915 |title=Whitman Sets Tree in Historic Soil: Artilleryman is Hurt by Horse Frightened at Firing of Salute |page=6 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|575440317}}}}</ref> Approximately {{Convert|100|yd}} south of the house<ref name="p571518528">{{cite news |date=December 6, 1903 |title=Where the Pells Lie: Bodies of Lords of Pelham Manor Not in Pelham Bay Park |page=A14 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|571518528}}}}</ref> and about {{Convert|400|ft}} from the tree,<ref name="n7574740" /> is a burial plot belonging to the Pell family, who had once occupied the site.<ref name="Kazimiroff 2014 p. 5122">{{cite book |last=Kazimiroff |first=Theodore L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHkdBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA5122 |title=If These Trees Could Only Talk: An Anecdotal History of New York City's Pelham Bay Park |publisher=Outskirts Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-4787-2190-1 |page=122 |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223003/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHkdBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA5122#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Inskeep 2000 p. 136">{{cite book |last=Inskeep |first=Carolee R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tIXZvYmOBGIC&pg=PA136 |title=The Graveyard Shift: A Family Historian's Guide to New York City Cemeteries |publisher=Ancestry |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-916489-89-2 |series=G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series |page=136 |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223100/https://books.google.com/books?id=tIXZvYmOBGIC&pg=PA136#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Cook pp. 175–176">{{harvnb|Cook|Kaplan|1913|ps=.|pp=175–176}}</ref> This plot contains headstones dating from between 1748 and 1790.<ref name="p571518528" /><ref name="Inskeep 2000 p. 136" /> Surrounding the plot are four granite posts with pelican motifs,<ref name="Pell Graves : NYC Parks 2006 p086">{{cite web |date=September 29, 2006 |title=Pelham Bay Park Monuments: Pell Graves |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/monuments/1173 |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=NYC Parks |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717054733/https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/monuments/1173 |url-status=live}}</ref> symbolizing the Pell family's coat of arms.<ref name="Cook pp. 175–176" /><ref name="Jenkins pp. 313–314">{{harvnb|Jenkins|1912|ps=.|pp=313–314}}</ref> There formerly may have been additional gravestones, but they were scattered throughout the grounds by the time the International Garden Club (IGC) took over in the early 20th century.<ref name="Inskeep 2000 p. 136" /> A path lined with [[Chestnut|chestnut trees]] connects the house to the burial plot and Long Island Sound's shoreline.<ref name="n136116027" /><ref name="p437441577">{{Cite news |date=September 30, 2001 |title=Country living Bartow-Pell Mansion returns visitors to a simpler time |page=E.7 |work=Asbury Park Press |id={{ProQuest|437441577}}}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Bartow Pell mansion.jpg|thumb|The main staircase in the mansion]]
In 1654, Thomas Pell purchased {{convert|50,000|acre|ha}} from the Siwanoy, comprising the land of the current Pelham Bay Park as well as the nearby town of [[Pelham, New York]],<ref name="Barr p. 24" /> and made his estate on {{convert|9188|acre|ha}} of that land.<ref name="nyt-war-record-1921">{{Cite news |date=August 14, 1921 |title=War Record of Pelham Bay Park; War Record of Pelham Bay Park |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1921/08/14/107024022.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=October 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508234713/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1921/08/14/107024022.pdf |archive-date=May 8, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="Pell1917">{{cite book |last=Pell |first=Howland |url=https://archive.org/stream/pellmanoraddress00pell#page/n5/mode/2up |title=The Pell manor : address prepared for the New York Branch of the Order of Colonial Lords of Manors in America |date=1917 |page=5 |access-date=October 2, 2017 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref name="Cook p. 173">{{harvnb|Cook|Kaplan|1913|ps=.|p=173}}</ref> Pell's land became known as Pelham Manor in 1666.<ref name="Pell1917" /> In the 17th and 18th centuries, during the [[Colonial history of the United States|colonial era of the United States]], various prominent families built houses within Pelham Manor, including the Bartow, Bayard, Burr, Fish, Leroy, Lorillard, and Pell families.<ref name="LoRusso p. 208">{{Cite report |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/portal/page/portal/content/delivery/region11/projects/X73127-Home/X73127-Repository/Bruckner-Hutch%20Project%20DDR-EA-D4f%20Appendix%20B.6%20-%20Historic%20Architecture%20and%20Archeological%20Cultural%20Resources.pdf |title=Bruckner-Hutch Mobility Improvement Project: Appendix B.6 Historic Architecture and Archeological Cultural Resources |last=LoRusso |first=Mark S. |date=December 2016 |publisher=[[New York State Department of Transportation]] |page=208 (report p. 6; PDF p. 17)}}</ref><ref name="NYCL p. 1">{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1975|ps=.|p=1}}</ref> By the 18th century, several members of the Pell family had married members of the Bartow family.<ref name="n136103401">{{Cite news |last=Cushman |first=Elizabeth |date=July 29, 1931 |title=Near Pelham Manor in New York Is Bartow Mansion, A House Which Holds Historical Importance Today |pages=3 |work=Mount Vernon Argus |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-near-pelham-manor-in/136103401/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223000/https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-near-pelham-manor-in/136103401/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Thomas's nephew John built a residence close to Long Island Sound around 1675, about a decade after Pelham Manor was created.<ref name="p437441577" /><ref name="n136110091">{{Cite news |date=February 17, 1967 |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion History Told to Club |pages=20 |work=The Standard-Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-star-bartow-pell-mansion-hi/136110091/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223001/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-star-bartow-pell-mansion-hi/136110091/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The house was located either east of Shore Road{{efn|In the early 20th century, Shore Road was known as Eastern Boulevard.<ref name="Cook p. 175"/>}} or at the extreme end of Pelham Neck (which is located between [[Eastchester Bay]] and the Long Island South).<ref name="Cook p. 175">{{harvnb|Cook|Kaplan|1913|ps=.|p=175}}</ref> This house was designed in an English style, with a facade of Holland brick.<ref name="p1112927922">{{cite news |date=June 28, 1925 |title=Pelham Acres Worth $50,000 Each Once Sold for Three Cents: Lord Pell Bought 10,000 of Them From Indians for Few Hundred Dollars; Worth $500,000,000 To-day; Apartments Plan for Site Near Manor |page=B2 |work=The New York Herald, New York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1112927922}}}}</ref> The first residence was occupied by three of Pelham Manor's [[Lord of the manor|lords of the manor]] before it burned in the [[American Revolutionary War]].<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="n136110091" /> The second house, occupied by John Bartow and his wife and cousin Ann Pell Bartow, was erected circa 1790.<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="Barr pp. 44–45">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|pp=44–45}}</ref> The second house may have reused the foundation of John Pell's first house; at the time, it was common for buildings to reuse the foundations of demolished structures on the same site.<ref name="Barr pp. 44–45" /> The Bartows sold the estate in 1813 to the merchant Herman Leroy.<ref name="Barr pp. 44–45" /><ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 w174">{{cite web |date=May 28, 2022 |title=History |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/about/history/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116195817/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/about/history/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The second house was likely demolished when the Leroys owned the estate.<ref name="n136175775">{{Cite news |last=Davis |first=Barbara |date=November 30, 1995 |title=Many local places-of-note strut their stuff |pages=4 |work=The Daily Item |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-item-many-local-places-of-note/136175775/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223057/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-item-many-local-places-of-note/136175775/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Use as residence ===
Robert Bartow, a descendant of Thomas Pell<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Sarah Harrison |date=2013 |title=Exploring Sand and Architecture at Pelham Bay Park |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/27/nyregion/exploring-sand-and-architecture-at-pelham-bay-park.html |url-status=live |access-date=October 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002120808/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/27/nyregion/exploring-sand-and-architecture-at-pelham-bay-park.html |archive-date=October 2, 2017 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="Kazimiroff 2014 p. 5122" /> and one of John Bartow's grandsons,<ref name="p437441577" /><ref name="Barr p. 41">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|p=41}}</ref> bought {{Convert|30|acre|ha}} of his ancestor's old estate in 1836.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28">{{Cite news |last=Gray |first=Christopher |date=April 28, 2002 |title=Streetscapes / the Bartow-Pell Mansion in the Bronx; 1842 Home, Now a Museum, in City's Largest Park |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/28/realestate/streetscapes-bartow-pell-mansion-bronx-1842-home-now-museum-city-s-largest-park.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003075245/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/28/realestate/streetscapes-bartow-pell-mansion-bronx-1842-home-now-museum-city-s-largest-park.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Barr p. 41" /> Robert Bartow and his wife Maria Lorillard Bartow built a mansion on the site, the third house to occupy the estate.<ref name="Inskeep 2000 p. 136" /><ref name="HMS p. 1">{{harvnb|Hopping|Matero|Studenroth|1980|ps=.|p=1}}</ref> Construction was complete on the Bartow Mansion and an adjacent carriage building by 1842,<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /><ref name="HMS p. 1" /> though the exact date of the house's construction is unknown.<ref name="Barr p. 42">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|p=42}}</ref>{{efn|Some sources erroneously claim that the house predated 1836.<ref name=n136115700/>}} Robert Bolton's ''Guide to New Rochelle'', published in 1842, stated that Robert Bartow "lately" constructed the mansion but did not specify further.<ref name="Barr p. 42" /> The house had cost $60,000 ({{Inflation|index=US|value=60000|start_year=1842|r=-3|fmt=eq}}).<ref name="Lounsbery p. 28">{{harvnb|Lounsbery|1915|ps=.|p=28}}</ref> When it was completed, the house was part of [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester County]],<ref name="n136103401" /> specifically in the town of [[Pelham, New York]].<ref name="Barr p. 42" /> The new mansion was sited to the southwest of the first manor house built in 1675.<ref name="Barr pp. 42–43">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|pp=42–43}}</ref>

The Bartow and Pell families alternately owned the building for the next four decades.<ref name="arch-1595">{{Cite report |url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/arch_reports/1595.pdf |title=Phase IB Archaeological Monitoring Bartow-Pell Mansion – Pell Cemetery, Bronx, Bronx County, New York |last1=Loorya |first1=Alyssa |last2=Ricciardi |first2=Christopher |date=July 2014 |page=3 |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222959/http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/arch_reports/1595.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Initially, Robert, Maria, and their seven children lived in the house.<ref name="n136175775" /> Robert Bartow died in 1868,<ref name="Barr p. 41" /><ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> and the mansion first went to his widow, then to his sons.<ref name="Barr p. 41" /> The Bartow family occupied the mansion until at least 1883.<ref name="Fein Kugielski 1982 p.">{{cite book |last=Fein |first=Cheri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPopAQAAMAAJ |title=New York—open to the Public: A Comprehensive Guide to Museums, Collections, Exhibition Spaces, Historic Houses, Botanical Gardens, and Zoos |publisher=Stewart, Tabori & Chang |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-941434-00-3 |page=38 |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220427/https://books.google.com/books?id=PPopAQAAMAAJ |url-status=live}}</ref> In June 1884, Governor [[Grover Cleveland]] signed the [[New Parks Act]] into law, authorizing the creation of a system of parks in the Bronx, including Pelham Bay Park.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 15, 1884 |title=Gov. Cleveland and the Bills |pages=4 |work=The Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun-gov-cleveland-and-the-bills/136048955/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201155140/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun-gov-cleveland-and-the-bills/136048955/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Bartows wanted the city to give them $467,953 for their property, although the city government had concluded that the estate was worth only $131,000.<ref name="nyt-1886-03-06">{{Cite news |date=March 6, 1886 |title=Pelham Bay Park Lands.; Counsel for the City of New-york Pleads for Low Valuations. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1886/03/06/archives/pelham-bay-park-lands-counsel-for-the-city-of-newyork-pleads-for.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220347/https://www.nytimes.com/1886/03/06/archives/pelham-bay-park-lands-counsel-for-the-city-of-newyork-pleads-for.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

Despite Pelham residents' opposition to the park, the New York City government acquired the land for Pelham Bay Park in 1887, and it officially became a park in 1888.<ref name="Legislature 1888">{{cite book |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433090742036?urlappend=%3Bseq=710 |title=Laws of the State of New York: Passed at the Session of the Legislature |date=1888 |publisher=New York State Legislature |series=Laws of New York |page=693 |hdl=2027/nyp.33433090742036?urlappend=%3Bseq=710 |access-date=October 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508234737/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433090742036;seq=710;a=zoom:1 |archive-date=May 8, 2022 |url-status=live |via=HathiTrust}}</ref> The same year, the New York City government obtained the house from descendants of the Bartow family.<ref name="NYCL p. 1" /><ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 w174" /> The city paid $63,000 for the ground immediately surrounding the mansion, $33,000 for the mansion itself, and $94,625 for fourteen adjacent land lots, for a total of $190,625.<ref name="Barr p. 41" /> The mansion was vacant for over two decades;<ref name="NYCL p. 1" /><ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> during this time, the house fell into a severe state of neglect, and the grounds became overgrown.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 28" /> Although the house was owned by the New York City government, it was still part of Westchester County until 1894<ref name="n136109292" /> or 1895,<ref name="Barr p. 42" /><ref name="n136115700">{{Cite news |date=June 20, 1975 |title=Pell mansion a museum |pages=35 |work=Mount Vernon Argus |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-pell-mansion-a-museum/136115700/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220348/https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-pell-mansion-a-museum/136115700/ |url-status=live}}</ref> when the boundary between Westchester and the Bronx was moved northward.<ref name="n136109292" /><ref name="Barr p. 42" /> The Home for Crippled Children occupied the mansion for a short period in the early 20th century.<ref name="Cook p. 173" /><ref name="n136175775" /> The carriage house on the property was used for various purposes after being sold and was ultimately turned into storage.<ref name="n136118431">{{Cite news |last=Lewis |first=John |date=August 4, 1988 |title=Restoring a landmark |pages=455 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-restoring-a-landmark/136118431/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220400/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-restoring-a-landmark/136118431/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Use as clubhouse ===

==== Renovation and reopening ====
[[File:Bartow-Pell Garden View.jpg|alt=A terraced garden to the east of the house, which has a square fountain in the center|thumb|The mansion's terraced garden was added in the 1910s.]]
The [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]] (NYC Parks) leased the building to the International Garden Club in 1914.<ref name="Castellucci 1977">{{Cite news |last=Castellucci |first=John |date=March 18, 1977 |title=Garden club's mansion official landmark now |page=A5 |work=The Daily News |location=[[Tarrytown, New York]] |url=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%2023/Tarrytown%20Ny%20Daily%20News/Tarrytown%20NY%20Daily%20News%201977/Tarrytown%20NY%20Daily%20News%201977%20-%202593.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=October 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508234714/https://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%2023/Tarrytown%20Ny%20Daily%20News/Tarrytown%20NY%20Daily%20News%201977/Tarrytown%20NY%20Daily%20News%201977%20-%202593.pdf |archive-date=May 8, 2022 |via=[[Fultonhistory.com]]}}</ref><ref name="Barr pp. 38–39">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|pp=38–39}}</ref> The IGC had been co-founded by [[Zelia Hoffman]] and Alice Martineau the previous year to promote formal gardens,<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> and they wished to create an educational garden on the estate.<ref name="n136050860">{{Cite news |date=May 10, 1914 |title=Women Are Gardeners on Own Estates |pages=30 |work=New-York Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-york-tribune-women-are-gardeners-on/136050860/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220355/https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-york-tribune-women-are-gardeners-on/136050860/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="p97580943">{{cite news |date=March 15, 1914 |title=Dr. Butler to Head New Garden Club: International Horticultural Body Modeled After British Society. |page=8 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/03/15/archives/dr-butler-to-head-new-garden-club-international-horticultural-body.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |id={{ProQuest|97580943}} |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220429/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/03/15/archives/dr-butler-to-head-new-garden-club-international-horticultural-body.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, the club wished to host exhibits and lectures, and it planned to curate a library in the mansion.<ref name="p97580943" /><ref name="Lounsbery p. 28" /> The IGC agreed to lease the house and grounds for three years, landscape the grounds with their own funds, and return the property to the city after three years.<ref name="n136056388">{{Cite news |date=July 9, 1918 |title=Garden Club Stays in Bartow Mansion |pages=4 |work=New York Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-york-herald-garden-club-stays-in-bar/136056388/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220349/https://www.newspapers.com/article/new-york-herald-garden-club-stays-in-bar/136056388/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="The New York Times 1918 k793">{{cite web |date=July 9, 1918 |title=Garden Club Enjoins City; Justice Ottinger Says It Must Not Be Ousted Before Trial. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1918/07/09/archives/garden-club-enjoins-city-justice-ottinger-says-it-must-not-be.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111174859/https://www.nytimes.com/1918/07/09/archives/garden-club-enjoins-city-justice-ottinger-says-it-must-not-be.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The firm of [[Delano & Aldrich]] was hired to restore the home.<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="p910570846">{{Cite magazine |date=December 1, 1917 |title=Photograph 11 – No Title |magazine=Architecture |volume=36 |issue=6 |page=244P |id={{ProQuest|910570846}}}}</ref> The exterior was renovated, and the formal gardens were constructed from 1914 to 1917.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 9, 1918 |title=Garden Club Enjoins City; Justice Ottinger Says It Must Not Be Ousted Before Trial. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1918/07/09/archives/garden-club-enjoins-city-justice-ottinger-says-it-must-not-be.html |access-date=January 11, 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111174859/https://www.nytimes.com/1918/07/09/archives/garden-club-enjoins-city-justice-ottinger-says-it-must-not-be.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Club |first=International Garden |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4AsDAAAAYAAJ&q=international+garden+club |title=Constitution and By-laws of the International Garden Club |date=1915 |publisher=The Club |language=en |access-date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220335/https://books.google.com/books?id=4AsDAAAAYAAJ&q=international+garden+club#v=snippet&q=international%20garden%20club&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref> The interior was also renovated to accommodate the clubhouse's functions, although the house's architectural details were preserved as much as possible.<ref name="Lounsbery pp. 28–29">{{harvnb|Lounsbery|1915|ps=.|pp=28–29}}</ref> A designer identified only as Miss Swift redesigned the first floor, while Hoffman selected furnishings and decorations for the second floor.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29">{{harvnb|Lounsbery|1915|ps=.|p=29}}</ref> Sources disagree on whether the renovations cost $25,000 ({{Inflation|index=US|value=25000|start_year=1915|r=-3|fmt=eq}})<ref name="p575440317" /><ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> or $100,000 ({{Inflation|index=US|value=100000|start_year=1915|r=-3|fmt=eq}}).<ref name="n136175775" /><ref name="Barr pp. 38–39" />

The mansion opened as the IGC's headquarters on May 1, 1915, with a ceremony attended by New York governor [[Charles Seymour Whitman|Charles Whitman]].<ref name="The New York Times 1915 c350" /><ref name="p575440317" /> As part of its lease with the city, the club had to open the mansion's gardens to the public.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> In its first three years at the mansion, the IGC spent over $70,000 on the house and often held public speeches. Initially, the house was open seven days a week; although the house was usually free to enter, the club collected admission fees on two days to pay for maintenance.<ref name="n136056388" /><ref name="The New York Times 1918 k793" /> The IGC was responsible for maintaining the house's interior and garden, while the city government oversaw the facade and the rest of the grounds.<ref name="Castellucci 1977" /> The club did not meet there during the summer.<ref name="p12374095212"/><ref name="nyt-1936-06-26">{{Cite news |date=June 26, 1936 |title=Summer City Hall' is Chosen in Bronx; Mayor and Staff to Move to Bartow Mansion, in Pelham Bay Park, on Wednesday |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/06/26/archives/summer-city-hall-is-chosen-in-bronx-mayor-and-staff-to-move-to.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220902/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/06/26/archives/summer-city-hall-is-chosen-in-bronx-mayor-and-staff-to-move-to.html |url-status=live}}</ref> All of the other mansions nearby were gradually destroyed, leaving the Bartow Mansion as the only remaining mansion in Pelham Bay Park.<ref name="Barr pp. 122–123">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|pp=122–123}}</ref><ref name="Smith 2013 p133">{{cite web |last=Smith |first=Sarah Harrison |date=January 26, 2013 |title=Exploring Sand and Architecture at Pelham Bay Park |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/27/nyregion/exploring-sand-and-architecture-at-pelham-bay-park.html |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002120808/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/27/nyregion/exploring-sand-and-architecture-at-pelham-bay-park.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Mid-1910s through early 1940s ====
The IGC started hosting summertime outdoor flower shows in June 1916.<ref name="n136058921">{{Cite news |date=June 2, 1916 |title=First Open Air Summer Flower Show |pages=5 |work=The Standard Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-first-open-air-summer/136058921/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220953/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-first-open-air-summer/136058921/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, Hoffman hired the landscape design firm [[Olmsted Brothers]] to discuss the possibility of adding a wide variety of gardens and a greenhouse. None of these ideas were ever implemented.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> The club renewed its contract with the city government in 1917 for five years.<ref name="The New York Times 1918 k793" /> The following year, Bronx parks commissioner Joseph T. Hennessy unsuccessfully tried to evict the IGC from the mansion because of how they were using the grounds.<ref name="n136056388" /><ref name="The New York Times 1918 k793" /> The IGC had additional plans for the property, including a rock and rose garden and a painting collection, though these were delayed by World War I.<ref name="p1115121956">{{cite news |date=March 15, 1931 |title=Pelham Center Of International Garden Clubs: Study of National Horticulture and Preservation of Trees Aim of Organization |page=A11 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1115121956}}}}</ref> In the 1920s and 1930s, the IGC continued to host its annual "garden parties" at the mansion,<ref name="The New York Times 1928 e139">See, for example:

{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|1112958337}} |title=Garden Club Has Annual Party in Pelham Bay Park: Members of the International Organization Enjoy Outing at Bartow Mansion |date=May 15, 1924 |page=15 |work=The New York Herald, New York Tribune |issn=1941-0646}}|{{cite web |title=Garden Party Held in Pelham Bay Park; Old Bartow Mansion Is Scene of Annual Event of International Garden Club. |website=The New York Times |date=May 15, 1928 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1928/05/15/archives/garden-party-held-in-pelham-bay-park-old-bartow-mansioin-is-scene.html |access-date=November 30, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317114706/https://www.nytimes.com/1928/05/15/archives/garden-party-held-in-pelham-bay-park-old-bartow-mansioin-is-scene.html |url-status=live}}|{{Cite news |date=May 16, 1934 |title=Garden Club's Party Given at Pelham Bay; Reception at Barstow Mansion Is Held in Setting of Dogwood and Cherry Blossoms. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/05/16/archives/garden-clubs-party-given-at-pelham-bay-reception-at-barstow-mansion.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220954/https://www.nytimes.com/1934/05/16/archives/garden-clubs-party-given-at-pelham-bay-reception-at-barstow-mansion.html |url-status=live}}}}</ref> and it also hosted "distinguished foreigners" such as a member of the [[French Academy of Sciences]].<ref name="nyt-1932-03-03">{{Cite news |date=March 3, 1932 |title=Andre Chevrillon Garden Club's Guest; Reception Held for Him at the Old Bartow Mansion in Pel- ham Bay Park. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/03/03/archives/andre-chevrillon-garden-clubs-guest-reception-held-for-him-at-the.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220916/https://www.nytimes.com/1932/03/03/archives/andre-chevrillon-garden-clubs-guest-reception-held-for-him-at-the.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The mansion's driveway was modified in the 1930s, when a parking lot was added in front of the mansion.<ref name="Mellon 2010 pp. 8-9"/>

New York City mayor [[Fiorello La Guardia]] announced in June 1936 that the mansion would be used as the city's first-ever "Summer City Hall";<ref name="n136106932">{{Cite news |date=June 26, 1936 |title=Complete Plans on LaGuardia's Bronx City Hall |pages=5 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-complete-plans/136106932/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220844/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-complete-plans/136106932/ |url-status=live}}</ref> this allowed him to be close to his family in [[Westport, Connecticut]].<ref name="nyt-1936-06-26" /><ref name="n136101352">{{Cite news |date=June 26, 1936 |title=Summer City Hall to Be in Pelham Park |pages=221 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-summer-city-hall-to-be-in-pel/136101352/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220842/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-summer-city-hall-to-be-in-pel/136101352/ |url-status=live}}</ref> La Guardia and several aides officially moved into the house on July 2, 1936.<ref name="p1330794458">{{cite news |last=Crandell |first=Richard F. |date=July 5, 1936 |title=Summer City Hall Is Rooted In Rich Tradition of Early City: Caleb Heathcote, an Original Bronx Booster and New York's 30th Mayor, Developed Bartow Area and Tackled Traffic Problems of Old B'way |page=B2 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1330794458}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1936-07-03">{{Cite news |date=July 3, 1936 |title=Mayor Occupies Summer City Hall; Bronx Gives Warm Welcome as He Crosses Harlem River to Pelham Bay Park. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/07/03/archives/mayor-occupies-summer-city-hall-bronx-gives-warm-welcome-as-he.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311114816/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/07/03/archives/mayor-occupies-summer-city-hall-bronx-gives-warm-welcome-as-he.html |url-status=live}}</ref> A temporary telephone line and a [[teleprinter]] were added to ease communication with people at [[New York City Hall|City Hall]] in Manhattan.<ref name="p1237410916">{{cite news |date=July 1, 1936 |title=Mayor to Give Oath to 4 at New City Hall: Swears In Delaney, Sullivan, Kozicke and Gen. Robb at Pelham Bay Tomorrow The Bronx Prepares to Welcome the Mayor to the Summer City Hall |page=21 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1237410916}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1936-07-01">{{Cite news |date=July 1, 1936 |title=City Hall' Dooms Old Bronx Marker; 135-Year-Old Milestone Dug Up to Make Way for New One Pointing Other Way |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/07/01/archives/city-hall-dooms-old-bronx-marker-135yearold-milestone-dug-up-to.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220847/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/07/01/archives/city-hall-dooms-old-bronx-marker-135yearold-milestone-dug-up-to.html |url-status=live}}</ref> A temporary bus service to the [[New York City Subway]]'s [[Pelham Bay Park station]] was established to transport people to the house,<ref name="p1237410916" /> and officials even replaced a 135-year-old "10 Miles to City Hall" sign five miles away so that it directed visitors to the mansion, rather than to City Hall.<ref name="nyt-1936-07-01" /> Policemen on motorcycles traveled between the mansion and City Hall several times a day, although the mansion received relatively few visitors during La Guardia's time there.<ref name="n136103704">{{Cite news |date=August 30, 1936 |title=City Hall Gets Dusted Off to Greet Mayor |pages=12 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-city-hall-gets/136103704/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203220844/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-city-hall-gets/136103704/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Although staffers and newspaper reporters alike complained because of the mansion's remoteness,<ref name="n136158344">{{Cite news |last=Sullivan |first=Charles F. |date=July 25, 1990 |title=One Mayor's Summer Place |pages=58, [https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-summer-city-halls/136158597/ 60] |work=Newsday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-one-mayors-summer-place/136158344/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223528/https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-one-mayors-summer-place/136158344/ |url-status=live}}</ref> La Guardia liked the house so much that he decided to stay for a week longer than he originally anticipated.<ref name="nyt-1936-08-07">{{Cite news |date=August 7, 1936 |title=Mayor to Extend Stay At Summer City Hall |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/08/07/archives/mayor-to-extend-stay-at-summer-city-hall.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323125515/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/08/07/archives/mayor-to-extend-stay-at-summer-city-hall.html |url-status=live}}</ref> La Guardia and his staff left on September 4.<ref name="nyt-1936-09-05">{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{Cite news |date=September 5, 1936 |title=Summer City Hall Closed by Mayor; Desks and Supplies Moved Back Downtown for a Reopening Tuesday. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/09/05/archives/summer-city-hall-closed-by-mayor-desks-and-supplies-moved-back.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223533/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/09/05/archives/summer-city-hall-closed-by-mayor-desks-and-supplies-moved-back.html |url-status=live}}|{{Cite news |date=September 5, 1936 |first=Hilbert |last=Elson |title=LaGuardia and Reporters All Sad as They Abandon Idyllic Summer City Hall |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Citizen |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-laguardia-and-repor/136101404/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221409/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-laguardia-and-repor/136101404/ |url-status=live}}|{{Cite news |date=September 5, 1936 |title=Summer City Hall Closes on Tuesday |pages=7 |work=Times Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-summer-city-hall-closes-on-t/136103996/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221500/https://www.newspapers.com/article/times-union-summer-city-hall-closes-on-t/136103996/ |url-status=live}}}}</ref>

La Guardia used the Bartow Mansion as a summer City Hall only in 1936; during the next several years, he moved his summertime offices to [[Queens]].<ref name="nyt-1939-10-26">{{Cite news |date=October 26, 1939 |title=Mayor for Staying at Fair City Hall; Reveals He Would Like to Keep Present Headquarters Till His Term Ends |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1939/10/26/archives/mayor-for-staying-at-fair-city-hall-reveals-he-would-like-to-keep.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314061914/https://www.nytimes.com/1939/10/26/archives/mayor-for-staying-at-fair-city-hall-reveals-he-would-like-to-keep.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="p1256599657">{{cite news |date=June 26, 1936 |title='Summer City Hall' Set Up By Mayor on Pelham Bay: LaGuardia Shifts Office Wednesday to Bartow Home, 75 Minutes (or More) From Broadway |page=1 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1256599657}}}}</ref> His successors did not use summertime City Halls.<ref name="n136158344" /> The IGC continued to use the building. The Manville family hosted a party to raise money for the mansion in 1937,<ref name="nyt-1937-05-30">{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{Cite news |date=May 30, 1937 |title=Party at H.E. Manville Estate on June 15 Will Benefit International Garden Club |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1937/05/30/archives/party-at-he-manville-estate-on-june-15-will-benefit-international.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310182320/https://www.nytimes.com/1937/05/30/archives/party-at-he-manville-estate-on-june-15-will-benefit-international.html |url-status=live}}|{{Cite news |date=June 15, 1937 |title=Garden Party |pages=5 |work=The Daily Item |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-item-garden-party/136101713/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221407/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-item-garden-party/136101713/ |url-status=live}}}}</ref> and the club hosted a tour of the house in 1941 to raise money for the British during World War II.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 18, 1941 |title=Visits to Historic Houses and Gardens Wednesday Will Help British War Relief |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/18/archives/visits-to-historic-houses-and-gardens-wednesday-will-help-british.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221409/https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/18/archives/visits-to-historic-houses-and-gardens-wednesday-will-help-british.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Use as museum ===

==== 1940s to 1970s ====
[[File:20140921-1-Pelham Bay Park (41) (15323916656).jpg|thumb|The orangery at the south end of the house]]
Following World War II, the IGC was no longer allowed to export or import plants, so it turned its efforts to renovating the house.<ref name="n136109292" /> The club renovated the mansion into a historic house museum, which opened in May 1946.<ref name="n136110091" /><ref name="p1284524027">{{cite news |date=June 26, 1936 |title=Bartow Home Opens Tuesday As a Museum: 4-Rooms of House in Pelham Bay Park Are Furnished in the Fashion of 1830s |page=1 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1284524027}}}}</ref> NYC Parks, the [[Museum of the City of New York]], [[Brooklyn Museum]], and the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] assisted with the renovation.<ref name="p1318017252">{{cite news |date=May 8, 1947 |title=Parks Award Goes To Mrs. Tuckerman: Honored for Restoration of Bartow Mansion |page=22 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1318017252}}}}</ref> Initially, the Bartow Mansion Museum consisted of only four rooms: the entrance hall, dining room, parlor, and second-floor master bedroom. The IGC re-furnished the house with the assistance of the three larger museums' staff.<ref name="p1284524027" /> A former president of the IGC, Mrs. Eliot Tuckerman, received an award in 1947 for her role in restoring the mansion.<ref name="p1318017252" /><ref name="nyt-1947-05-08">{{Cite news |date=May 8, 1947 |title=Park Group Award to Mrs. Tuckerman; Ex-Head of the International Garden Club Is Honored for Restoring Bartow Mansion |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/05/08/archives/park-group-award-to-mrs-tuckerman-exhead-of-the-international.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221408/https://www.nytimes.com/1947/05/08/archives/park-group-award-to-mrs-tuckerman-exhead-of-the-international.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Initially, the house was open as a museum only on Tuesdays and Saturdays.<ref name="p516109827" /><ref name="p1284524027" /> Club members, who could visit at any time,<ref name="p516109827" /> had to cover their shoes with rubber covers to avoid damaging the rugs.<ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" />

The house was renamed the Bartow–Pell Mansion in 1959, in honor of the original landowners.<ref name="n136175775" /> By the 1960s, the house invited visitors three days a week, although the garden was open every day. The IGC continued to lease the house from the city government in the 1960s, paying $1 a year and taking responsibility for maintenance. In 1963, the club upgraded the kitchen and pantry at a cost of $14,000.<ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> During the late 20th century, the mansion comprised either 10,<ref name="The New York Times 1973 k100" /><ref name="n136122545">{{Cite news |last=Redell |first=Holly M. |date=December 18, 1992 |title=Homes Out of History |pages=110 |work=Newsday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-homes-out-of-history/136122545/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202020135/https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-homes-out-of-history/136122545/ |url-status=live}}</ref> 11,<ref name="n136114433">{{Cite news |date=July 1, 1979 |title=Pell Bartow Mansion |pages=66 |work=Mount Vernon Argus |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-pell-bartow-mansion/136114433/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221415/https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-pell-bartow-mansion/136114433/ |url-status=live}}</ref> or 12 rooms.<ref name="n136042686" />

The Bartow–Pell Mansion Museum was still open to the public three days a week in the 1970s.<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="The New York Times 1973 k100">{{cite web |last=Peck |first=Richard |date=December 2, 1973 |title=In the Bronx, the Gentry Live On |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/02/archives/in-the-bronx-the-gentry-live-on-the-gentry-live-on.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=April 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418130654/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/12/02/archives/in-the-bronx-the-gentry-live-on-the-gentry-live-on.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The museum saw few visitors because of its remoteness (a ''Los Angeles Times'' article from 1975 wrote that "the building is largely deserted"<ref name="p158004606">{{cite news |last=Goldman |first=John J. |date=June 5, 1976 |title=Mugger Nature: a Tree Grows in N.Y.--Against Odds |page=A1 |work=Los Angeles Times |issn=0458-3035 |id={{ProQuest|158004606}}}}</ref>), but its proximity to population centers made the estate vulnerable to trespassers.<ref name="n136042686" /> The IGC continued to use the mansion as its headquarters,<ref name="The New York Times 1973 k100" /> and it renovated one of the rooms during the mid-1970s.<ref name="n136042686" /> The museum received $6,000 in 1977 to renovate the carriage house after it raised [[matching funds]].<ref name="Castellucci 1977" /> The next year, the New York state government provided $1.3 million for repairs and upgrades to 58 historical buildings across New York state, including the Bartow–Pell Mansion.<ref name="p123798082">{{cite news |date=March 1, 1978 |title=Metropolitan Briefs: Historic Places Get Aid Union Activist Stabbed Rape Suspect Seized |page=B3 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |id={{ProQuest|123798082}}}}</ref> Mary Means Huber, the mansion's curator in the late 20th century, refurbished a second-floor sitting room after joining the museum in the late 1970s. Under Huber's tenure, the museum, whose collection largely consisted of items borrowed from other museums, began buying its own furnishings.<ref name="Newsletter Summer 2013 p. 5">{{Cite book |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2013-Summer.pdf |title=Summer 2013 Newsletter |date=Summer 2013 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |pages=5 |chapter=Mary Means Huber: BPMM's Curator Emerita in Her Own Words |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117123439/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2013-Summer.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>

==== 1980s and 1990s ====
The museum began hosting educational programs {{Circa|1984}}, which attracted 1,500 students annually within three years.<ref name="n136117981">{{Cite news |last=Glatzer |first=Randi |date=September 25, 1988 |title=Fund-raisers try to keep pace with mansion repairs |pages=3 |work=The Herald Statesman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-fund-raisers-try-to/136117981/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221500/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-fund-raisers-try-to/136117981/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The brickwork and wooden floors of the mansion's carriage house had become degraded,<ref name="n136118431" /> and work on the project began in 1986.<ref name="p278634619">{{cite news |last=Hollander |first=Sarah |date=April 20, 1993 |title=Closeup History Comes Alive 150-year-old Carriage House is 'one of a Kind' |page=25 |work=Newsday |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|278634619}}}}</ref> [[Jan Hird Pokorny]] was hired to carry out the carriage house's renovation.<ref name="p278634619" /><ref name="n136117613" /> The [[New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation]] provided $110,000 in late 1987 for the restoration of the carriage house.<ref name="n136117613">{{Cite news |date=October 7, 1987 |title=Carriage house rolling along |pages=425 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-carriage-house-rolling-along/136117613/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221410/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-carriage-house-rolling-along/136117613/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="p277757673">{{cite news |last=Brasley |first=Patrick |date=August 30, 1987 |title=Metal House Finds a Home NY Tech to move it to Central Islip campus |page=21 |work=Newsday |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|277757673}}}}</ref> As a precondition of the state grant, museum officials had to raise an equivalent amount; the museum had raised $110,000 from NYC Parks and $150,000 from several donors and foundations.<ref name="n136117613" /> The following August, the city agreed to give $150,000 if donors raised three times that amount.<ref name="n136118431" /> The entirety of the carriage house's renovation was expected to cost $875,000, much of which had been raised by late 1988.<ref name="n136117981" /><ref name="n136118431" /> The project also included new educational programs within the carriage house.<ref name="n136117981" /><ref name="The New York Times 1986 z972">{{cite web |date=December 28, 1986 |title=A New Approach to Museum Design |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/12/28/nyregion/a-new-approach-to-museum-design.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203132921/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/12/28/nyregion/a-new-approach-to-museum-design.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The Bartow-Pell Landmark Fund also received $6,000 to create a [[Cutaway (industrial)|cutaway model]] of the carriage house.<ref name="n136048218">{{Cite news |last=Glatzer |first=Randi |date=December 15, 1988 |title=Mini museum |pages=3 |work=The Herald Statesman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-mini-museum/136048218/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223535/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-mini-museum/136048218/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The stabilization of the carriage house had been completed by 1989.<ref name="n136040955">{{Cite news |date=March 30, 1989 |title=Almanac |pages=3 |work=The Herald Statesman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-almanac/136040955/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223535/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-almanac/136040955/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The house was still obscure; the ''New York Daily News'' wrote the same year that the Bartow–Pell Mansion was "possibly the least-known of all the historic houses in the Bronx".<ref name="n136046976">{{Cite news |last=Lewis |first=John |date=April 30, 1989 |title=Houses rich in history |pages=149, [https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-houses-rich-in-history/136047073/ 151] |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-houses-rich-in-history/136046976/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223536/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-houses-rich-in-history/136046976/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Bartow–Pell Mansion was one of the founding members of the [[Historic House Trust]], established in 1989.<ref name="Historic House Trust of New York City 1989 j3922">{{cite press release |title=Historic House Trust Announced at Gracie Mansion |website=Historic House Trust of New York City |date=June 20, 1989 |url=https://historichousetrust.org/historic-house-trust-announced-at-gracie-mansion/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=June 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630022137/https://historichousetrust.org/historic-house-trust-announced-at-gracie-mansion/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1989-06-20" /> At the time, the main house's roof needed to be replaced.<ref name="nyt-1989-06-20">{{Cite news |last=Dunlap |first=David W. |date=June 20, 1989 |title=A Trust for New York's Old Houses |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/20/nyregion/a-trust-for-new-york-s-old-houses.html |url-status=live |access-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104013208/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/20/nyregion/a-trust-for-new-york-s-old-houses.html |archive-date=November 4, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Students from [[Brooklyn College]] conducted excavations around the house's site between 1990 and 1992,<ref name="n135424629">{{Cite news |last=Gazes |first=Josh |date=June 23, 1994 |title=Treasures May Be Found in Dig at Wyckoff House |pages=5 |work=Canarsie Courier |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/canarsie-courier/135424629/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223537/https://www.newspapers.com/article/canarsie-courier/135424629/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and several hundred trees were planted just north of the mansion in 1992.<ref name="p278478039">{{cite news |last=Schneider |first=Steve |date=April 23, 1992 |title=Green Team Ready to Dig In Park volunteers will plant at least 900 trees for Earth Day |page=27 |work=Newsday |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|278478039}}}}</ref> The carriage house was officially rededicated in 1993 after its renovation was complete.<ref name="p278634619" /> The IGC, which no longer operated as a garden club nor operated internationally,<ref name="n136158344" /> still supported the museum's operation, but the Bartow Pell Landmark Fund operated the museum.<ref name="n136176103">{{Cite news |date=June 9, 1996 |title=Bronx gala takes guests back in time |pages=11 |work=The Herald Statesman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-bronx-gala-takes-gu/136176103/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221943/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-statesman-bronx-gala-takes-gu/136176103/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==== 2000s to present ====
The IGC repainted the rooms in the late 1990s and early 2000s and expanded its collection during that time. By 2002, the museum's new director Robert Engel planned to renovate the entrance, demolish the parking lot, and clear a site between the carriage house and garden.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> As part of a promotional agreement with the New York City government, [[The History Channel]] agreed in 2004 to donate money to finance the preservation of the mansion and other historical sites in the city.<ref name="n136222338">{{Cite news |last=Thrush |first=Glenn |date=December 9, 2004 |title=History Channel to focus on city |pages=19 |work=Newsday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-history-channel-to-focus-on-city/136222338/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221944/https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-history-channel-to-focus-on-city/136222338/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Adventures in Preservation]] started funding the preservation of the Bartow–Pell Mansion in 2008;<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://adventuresinpreservation.org/upcoming-adventures/bartow-pell-2013/ |title=Adventures in Preservation – Shutter Shop on Shore Road |access-date=August 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730061015/http://adventuresinpreservation.org/upcoming-adventures/bartow-pell-2013/ |archive-date=July 30, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> the same year, the IGC became the Bartow-Pell Conservancy.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 w174" /> Between 2008 and 2011, the Bartow-Pell Conservancy re-landscaped the garden and planted new flower beds, while NYC Parks planted native plants north of the mansion.<ref name="Newsletter Summer 2011 pp. 1, 4" /> Concurrently, the museum created a master plan for the garden, which included restoring a sightline from the house to Long Island Sound.<ref name="Mellon 2010 pp. 8-9" /> NYC Parks began receiving bids in 2009 for a restoration of the mansion's exterior, but they did not select any of these bids.<ref name="Newsletter Fall 2016 p. 1">{{Cite book |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2016-Fall.pdf |title=Fall 2016 Newsletter |date=Fall 2016 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |pages=1 |chapter=Mansion Restoration |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116223842/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2016-Fall.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>

The Bartow–Pell Mansion Museum participated in a 2012 competition administered by Partners in Preservation (a partnership between the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]] and [[American Express]]).<ref name="Slepian 2012 j634">{{cite web |last=Slepian |first=Stephanie |date=June 14, 2012 |title=More preservation funding headed to Staten Island's historic spots |url=https://www.silive.com/news/2012/06/post_321.html |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=silive |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222035/https://www.silive.com/news/2012/06/post_321.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Wall 2012 h091">{{cite web |last=Wall |first=Patrick |date=May 22, 2012 |title=Bronx Landmarks Among Winners of Online Grant Contest |url=https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20120522/fordham/bronx-landmarks-among-winners-of-online-grant-contest/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=DNAinfo New York |archive-date=November 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118055354/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20120522/fordham/bronx-landmarks-among-winners-of-online-grant-contest/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> After a social-media campaign that attracted participants from as far as Australia and Sweden,<ref name="Wall 2012 h091" /> Partners in Preservation gave the Bartow–Pell Mansion Museum $155,000 for a restoration of the terraced garden and chestnut-tree walkway.<ref name="Wall 2012 h091" /><ref name="Newsletter Fall 2012 p. 1">{{Cite book |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2012-Fall.pdf |title=Fall 2012 Newsletter |date=Fall 2012 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |page=1 |chapter=BPMM Shines as a Partner in Preservation |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116222657/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2012-Fall.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Mark K. Morrison Associates was hired to rebuild the garden, add new plantings, and restore the garden's gates.<ref name="Newsletter Winter 2014 pp. 1, 4">{{Cite book |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2014-Winter-.pdf |title=Winter 2014 Newsletter |date=Winter 2014 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |pages=3 |chapter=Garden Restoration Update |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116231708/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2014-Winter-.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The gardens were redesigned using photographs of Delano & Aldrich's original garden.<ref name="nyt-2015-09-28">{{Cite news |last=Foderaro |first=Lisa W. |date=September 28, 2015 |title=The Secret Gardens of New York |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/09/28/nyregion/secret-gardens-of-new-york.html,%2520https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/09/28/nyregion/secret-gardens-of-new-york.html |access-date=December 2, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> In addition, the roof was repaired in 2012 following [[Hurricane Sandy]], and the Historic House Trust hired Fifty-Three Renovations in 2013 to restore the mansion's interior.<ref name="Newsletter Fall 2016 p. 1" /> A $1.7 million renovation of the mansion's exterior commenced in April 2015,<ref name="Wirsing 2015 h287">{{cite web |last=Wirsing |first=Robert |date=April 25, 2015 |title=Vacca Celebrates Bartow-Pell's Restoration – Bronx Times |url=https://www.bxtimes.com/vacca-celebrates-bartow-pells-restoration/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=Bronx Times |archive-date=September 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927191503/https://www.bxtimes.com/vacca-celebrates-bartow-pells-restoration/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and that work was finished the next year.<ref name="Newsletter Fall 2016 p. 1" />

The attic was opened to the public in June 2018.<ref name="Newsletter 2018 p. 1">{{Cite book |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/2018-Annual-Report.pdf |title=2018 Annual Report |date=Dec 2018 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |pages=4 |chapter=A Floor Away, a World Apart |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116223828/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/2018-Annual-Report.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The Bartow–Pell Mansion Museum received 20,000 visitors annually by 2019. The mansion was closed temporarily in 2020 due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City]], although the mansion had live-in caretakers who continued to maintain the property.<ref name="Chen 2020 b893" />

== Architecture ==

=== Mansion ===
It is not known who designed the Bartow–Pell Mansion,<ref name="n136042686" /> although the engineer and historian [[Reginald Pelham Bolton]] claimed in 1930 that John Bolton, one of his uncles, built the mansion.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 15, 1930 |title=Bolton Priory Described in Historical Bulletin |pages=16 |work=Mount Vernon Argus |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-bolton-priory-describ/136103940/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222028/https://www.newspapers.com/article/mount-vernon-argus-bolton-priory-describ/136103940/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The exterior is designed in the [[Greek Revival architecture|Greek Revival]] style, with decorations inspired by the work of architect [[Minard Lafever]].<ref name="United States. National Park Service Historic Sites Survey (U.S.) 1977 p. 17">{{cite book |author=United States. National Park Service |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XT4KbDvXcWQC&pg=PA17 |title=National Historic Landmarks: A Preservation Program of the National Park Service : Supplement to the 1976 Listings |author2=Historic Sites Survey (U.S.) |publisher=Historic Sites Survey, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |year=1977 |page=17 |access-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203221945/https://books.google.com/books?id=XT4KbDvXcWQC&pg=PA17#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Barr p. 43">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|p=43}}</ref> There are unproven claims that Lafever designed the mansion, in part because he designed a church that Robert Bartow's brother attended. A. J. Davis and Martin E. Thompson were also cited as the possible architects of the structure.<ref name="Barr pp. 43–44">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|pp=43–44}}</ref> The interiors are designed in the [[Federal architecture|Federal style]].<ref name="n136042686" /> Along with the [[Van Cortlandt House]], the Bartow–Pell Mansion is one of two remaining manor houses in the Bronx.<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 8, 1990 |title=History buff builds landmark case |pages=[https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-history-buff-builds-landmark/135883436/ 325], 327 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-architect-eyes-landmark-proje/135883418/ |access-date=November 27, 2023 |archive-date=November 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129025550/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-architect-eyes-landmark-proje/135883418/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Exterior ====
The house is oriented on a north-south axis,<ref name="p12374095212"/> with wings on either side.<ref name="Barr p. 43" /> The facade is made of plain cut stone,<ref name="NPS p. 2">{{harvnb|National Park Service|1976|ps=.|p=2}}</ref> which was sourced from the surrounding area.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 28" /> The exterior walls are at least {{convert|2|ft}} thick, allowing the mansion to remain cool even during the summer.<ref name="p12374095212"/> There is a painted cornice at the top of the facade, as well as beveled [[quoin]]s at each corner.<ref name="NPS p. 2" />

The western facade, facing Shore Road, was decorated with iron balconies, shutters, and window trimmings.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 28" /> The main entrance, on the western facade, is through a set of double doors flanked by a protruding iron balustrade.<ref name="NPS p. 2" /> There is an empty niche above the double doors.<ref name="p12374095212"/> The eastern facade, facing Long Island Sound, has iron balconies on the first and second stories, with windows that open onto the balconies.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 28" /> All of the balconies are made of elaborately decorated iron and are painted black.<ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> The large windows and the design of the stonework were typical of structures built in the area during the late 1830s and early 1840s.<ref name="Barr p. 43" />

==== Interior ====
[[File:Bartow-Pell Mansion- Salon.jpg|thumb|View of one of the first-floor rooms]]
The interior of the first floor is arranged symmetrically around the west-east axis.<ref name="NYCL p. 2; NPS p. 2">{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1975|p=2}}; {{harvnb|National Park Service|1976|ps=.|p=2}}</ref> The entrance leads to a square central hall.<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> Within this hall is a curving elliptical stairway<ref name="p437441577" /> that ascends to the attic and descends to the basement.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> The stairway has a [[balustrade]] with turned wood balusters and a [[newel]] post with a [[volute]]; it is illuminated by a [[clerestory window]] at the attic. The hallway itself has a plasterwork [[cornice]] and a [[Rosette (design)|rosette]] on the ceiling.<ref name="NYCL p. 2; NPS p. 2" /> On either wall are window openings and doorways, each of which is flanked by paneled [[pilaster]]s and topped by a wooden [[pediment]].<ref name="NYCL p. 2; NPS p. 2" /><ref name="The New York Times 1970 k828" /> Decorations such as eagles and depictions of [[Cupid]] are placed within the pilasters, while the tops of each pilaster depict [[honeysuckle]]s and [[Acanthus (ornament)|acanthus leaves]].<ref name="The New York Times 1970 k828" /> When the house was renovated in 1915, the halls had white woodwork and mahogany doors.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" />

At the eastern end of the central hall is a niche flanked by doorways, which in turn lead to two elaborate, symmetrical parlors (a dining room and a drawing room) on the eastern side of the first floor.<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /> Each of these rooms measures about {{Convert|30|by|20|ft}}.<ref name="p12374095212"/> The drawing room is to the left or north, while the dining room was to the right or south.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> The doorways from the central hall to each room are flanked by pilasters with [[anthemion]] motifs and [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]]-style [[Capital (architecture)|capitals]], as well as a pediment above each doorway.<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /> The pediment above the drawing room depicts an eagle, while the pediment above the dining room's doorway depicts a [[cherub]].<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /><ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 v597">{{cite web |date=August 10, 2022 |title=Exhibitions |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/visit/exhibitions/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603122820/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/visit/exhibitions/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Both rooms contain fireplaces with marble [[Fireplace mantel|mantelpieces]]; the shelves of each mantelpiece are supported by brackets with palmettes. The center of each room's ceiling contains a rosette that is more ornate than that in the central hallway.<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /> Two medallions were also placed on one wall of the drawing room.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> There are sliding doors between the parlors, as well as French doors leading from either parlor to the terraced garden.<ref name="NYCL p. 2">{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1975|ps=.|p=2}}</ref>

To the right of the central hall, one door leads to another door that connects with a small sitting room. Both doorways have paneled pilasters and wooden pediments akin to those in the central hall, and the sitting room itself has a black marble mantelpiece. To the left of the central hall, a similar set of doorways leads to a smaller dining room, which shares design features with the sitting room.<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /> The small dining room hosted luncheons and breakfasts.<ref name="n136042686" /> There is also a kitchen that is shared by the main museum and a separate caretaker's apartment.<ref name="n136122545" />

The second floor contains four bedrooms.<ref name="p12374095212"/><ref name="nyt-1936-06-26" /> Unlike the first-floor rooms, the bedrooms have plain design elements, including white-marble mantelpieces and molded trimmings. Each bedroom had a high ceiling to accommodate the large wardrobes and beds that were used in these rooms.<ref name="NPS p. 6">{{harvnb|National Park Service|1976|ps=.|p=6}}</ref> One of the bedrooms, known as "Clarina's Room" after one of the Bartows' daughters, was used by at least one of the family's three daughters. Another bedroom, the nursery wing, is not publicly accessible.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 v597" /> There is also a two-bedroom apartment for the house's live-in caretaker on the second floor.<ref name="Chen 2020 b893" /> The third floor, also known as the attic, was used as a servants' quarters.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 v597" /> The basement contained a wine cellar.<ref name="p12374095212"/>

When the house was renovated by the IGC in 1915, the right or south wing of the house contained an "[[orangery]]" for serving tea.<ref name="n136055984" /><ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> The orangery, also described as a conservatory,<ref name="The New York Times 1915 c350" /><ref name="p12374095212"/> was described by ''Harper's Bazaar'' as having French windows, white walls, cement floors, and a domed ceiling.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" /> One of the smaller rooms in the northern wing was turned into a secondary reception room with a green, black, and coral color scheme, while another room became a boardroom with gray walls and black marble mantel. A stair led to the IGC's writing room and library on the northern wing's second floor.<ref name="Lounsbery p. 29" />

=== Carriage house ===
[[File:Bartow-Pell carriage House.jpg|thumb|Carriage house]]
The carriage house was built no later than 1842 and is the last remaining outbuilding on the Bartow–Pell Mansion's site.<ref name="p278634619" /><ref name="New York City Department of Parks & Recreation 2006 x538" /> It is also the last remaining masonry carriage house in New York City that retains its original design.<ref name="New York City Department of Parks & Recreation 2006 x538" /> The three-story building was built into the slope of a hill, making it appear two stories tall on one side.<ref name="New York City Department of Parks & Recreation 2006 x538" /><ref name="NYCL-0125E" /> Although it was common for mid-19th-century carriage houses to be built on hillsides, the hill surrounding the Bartow-Pell carriage house is artificial, with downward slopes to the north, east, and south.<ref name="HMS p. 2">{{harvnb|Hopping|Matero|Studenroth|1980|ps=.|p=2}}</ref> The stable was constructed of the same locally sourced stone as the main mansion. On the front or west facade is an elliptical brick arch flanked by a rectangular window with a brick frame and stone lintel.<ref name="NYCL-0125E" />

Inside the carriage house was the stable hand's home, vehicular storage, and the [[hayloft]].<ref name="New York City Department of Parks & Recreation 2006 x538">{{cite web |date=September 29, 2006 |title=The Carriage House at Bartow-Pell Mansion : NYC Parks |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/highlights/234 |access-date=November 30, 2023 |website=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation |archive-date=July 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726041900/https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/pelham-bay-park/highlights/234 |url-status=live}}</ref> Originally, the carriage house's main level had a carriage room, stalls, and harness room.<ref name="p278634619" /><ref name="HMS p. 2" /> The rooms were partitioned so the horses' stalls were separated from the harness and carriage rooms, the latter two of which were intended as "clean areas".<ref name="HMS pp. 2–3">{{harvnb|Hopping|Matero|Studenroth|1980|ps=.|pp=2–3}}</ref> Each stall was no more than {{convert|5|ft}} wide and had a gutter to drain away horses' urine into the cellar.<ref name="HMS pp. 3–4">{{harvnb|Hopping|Matero|Studenroth|1980|ps=.|pp=3–4}}</ref> The attic contained the hayloft and could be accessed only via a ladder in the stall area.<ref name="HMS pp. 2–3" /> It is not known how hay was hoisted into the attic, but there may have been an exterior loading platform and a stair to ground level near the carriage house's northwest corner. The attic likely also included a cupola and air gaps on its roof for ventilation.<ref name="HMS pp. 5–6">{{harvnb|Hopping|Matero|Studenroth|1980|ps=.|pp=5–6}}</ref> The cellar contained a cistern and two disconnected rooms.<ref name="HMS p. 2" /> The cistern may have used water that was collected in gutters on the roof.<ref name="HMS pp. 8–9">{{harvnb|Hopping|Matero|Studenroth|1980|ps=.|pp=8–9}}</ref>

== Operations ==
The [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]] owns the house.<ref name="Historic House Trust of New York City 2022 q680">{{cite web |date=December 29, 2022 |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |url=https://historichousetrust.org/houses/bartow-pell-mansion-museum/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Historic House Trust of New York City |archive-date=October 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022212259/https://historichousetrust.org/houses/bartow-pell-mansion-museum/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The mansion and garden are operated by the Bartow-Pell Conservancy,<ref name="Historic House Trust of New York City 2022 q680" /> formerly the International Garden Club.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2022 w174" /><ref name="Bruzelius 2014 x321">{{cite web |last=Bruzelius |first=Ellen |date=October 30, 2014 |title=Centennial Talk: The International Garden Club Founders |url=https://patch.com/new-york/pelham/centennial-talk-international-garden-club-founders-0 |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Pelham, NY Patch |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222042/https://patch.com/new-york/pelham/centennial-talk-international-garden-club-founders-0 |url-status=live}}</ref> The museum itself is operated by the '''Bartow Pell Landmark Fund''',<ref name="n136176103" /><ref name="Cause IQ 2022 m753">{{cite web |date=June 1, 2022 |title=Bartow Pell Landmark Fund |url=https://www.causeiq.com/organizations/bartow-pell-landmark-fund,510243951/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Cause IQ}}</ref> which has been listed as a [[Nonprofit organization|tax-exempt nonprofit organization]] since October 1975.<ref name="Suozzo Glassford Ngu Roberts 2013 r685">{{cite web |last1=Suozzo |first1=Andrea |last2=Glassford |first2=Alec |last3=Ngu |first3=Ash |last4=Roberts |first4=Brandon |date=May 9, 2013 |title=Bartow Pell Landmark Fund |url=https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/510243951 |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=ProPublica |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222455/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/510243951 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|2023}}, the mansion operates as a museum three days a week;<ref name="Transportation 2023 m262" /><ref name="Historic House Trust of New York City 2022 q680" /> although the gardens are free to visit, the mansion has an admission fee.<ref name="Nast 2013 a930">{{cite web |date=May 7, 2013 |title=New York City's Outstanding Urban Gardens |url=https://www.cntraveler.com/galleries/2013-05-07/10-public-gardens-nyc-sightseeing |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=Condé Nast Traveler |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603204725/https://www.cntraveler.com/galleries/2013-05-07/10-public-gardens-nyc-sightseeing |url-status=live}}</ref> The house is not wheelchair-accessible, as the main entrance can only be accessed by a short flight of steps, and there is no elevator.<ref name="Transportation 2023 m262" /> {{As of|2023}}, Alison McKay is the Bartow–Pell Mansion Museum's executive director.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2023 o190">{{cite web |title=Staff |website=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |date=October 23, 2023 |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/about/staff/ |access-date=December 3, 2023}}</ref>

=== Collection and exhibits ===
[[File:Bartow-Pell Mansion- Desk, Dresser, Hats.jpg|alt=A desk, dresser, and hats on display|thumb|Some of the items in the mansion's collection]]
In the mid-20th century, many of the mansion's furnishings were displayed on loan from larger museums.<ref name="n136042686" /><ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> A news article from the 1960s described the house as having [[Savonnerie manufactory|Savonnerie carpets]], [[Aubusson tapestry|Aubusson tapestries]], and [[Turkish rug]]s. In addition, there were furnishings in the [[Empire style|Empire]], Federal, and [[Regency architecture|Regency]] styles, as well as an authentic [[Charles-Honoré Lannuier|Lannuier]] bed.<ref name="n136109292" /> By the 1970s, the furniture displayed at the mansion was made of dark fine-grained wood, ornamented with features such as white marble, carvings, or gold paint. The furniture included less ornate sofas with feet shaped like lions' paws; more elaborate neoclassical sofas and chairs with wooden borders and carved legs; and a tall bed with a covering at its top.<ref name="The New York Times 1970 k828" /> The bedrooms included the "Pell room", decorated with a portrait of John Pell and a carpet; the "red" room, with mahogany [[linen-press]]; and the "yellow" room, with a [[Duncan Phyfe]] bed.<ref name="n136042686" /> Also on display was a piece of Treaty Oak.<ref name="n136114433" /> The dining and drawing rooms had satin curtains, lamps, gilded-bronze fireplace mantel clocks, chandeliers, landscapes of New York state, and portraits from the 1830s.<ref name="NPS pp. 2, 6">{{harvnb|National Park Service|1976|ps=.|pp=2, 6}}</ref>

In the 1970s, the museum began collecting its own artifacts.<ref name="Newsletter Summer 2013 p. 5" /> By the 1980s, the interiors were painted green, blue, and pink to evoke [[Pompeii]]an ruins, and they were furnished with Italianate and Greek decorations. The front hall had a marble bust depicting [[Julius Caesar]], the parlors had urns, and the top of the main stairway had a statue of Venus.<ref name="n136116027" /> According to a ''New York Times'' article from that decade, about half of the furniture at the time came from the Garden Club.<ref name="nyt-1987-05-29" /> In the 2000s, the house still displayed artifacts loaned by other museums, but it also displayed Bartow family artifacts.<ref name="nyt-2001-04-20">{{Cite news |last=Sheraton |first=Mimi |date=April 20, 2001 |title=Calling at the Houses Where History Lives |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/20/arts/calling-at-the-houses-where-history-lives.html |access-date=December 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027002529/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/20/arts/calling-at-the-houses-where-history-lives.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

Some of the mansion's modern-day furnishings include the desk of [[Aaron Burr]],<ref name="Kreisman 2023 u788">{{cite web |last=Kreisman |first=Polly |date=June 25, 2023 |title=A Look at Aaron Burr's History in Westchester County |url=https://westchestermagazine.com/life-style/aaron-burr-westchester/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |website=Westchester Magazine |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222455/https://westchestermagazine.com/life-style/aaron-burr-westchester/ |url-status=live}}</ref> who married a distant Bartow relative, [[Theodosia Bartow Prevost|Theodosia]].<ref name="Barr p. 126">{{harvnb|Barr|1946|ps=.|p=126}}</ref> The Lannuier bed, which has a white-and-orange canopy, also remains in the collection.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> Modern objects also include two 19th-century wooden tables, a mahogany library table, a [[Pembroke table]],<ref name="Newsletter Fall 2012 p. 5">{{Cite book |last= |first= |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2012-Fall.pdf |title=Fall 2012 Newsletter |date=Fall 2012 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |page=1 |chapter=Recent Acquisitions: Two Tables Donated by Mr. And Mrs. Stuart Feld |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116222657/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2012-Fall.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> a fire screen with desk, two side chairs, and a rosewood barometer.<ref name="Newsletter Summer 2013 pp. 4-5">{{Cite book |last= |first= |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2013-Summer.pdf |title=Summer 2013 Newsletter |date=Summer 2013 |publisher=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |pages=4–5 |chapter=Made in New York: Recent Gifts From Mr. And Mrs. Stuart Feld |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=November 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231117123439/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/2013-Summer.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The three rooms on the carriage house's main floor are outfitted with exhibits, while the carriage house's lower level contains an education gallery and an architecture and transportation gallery.<ref name="p278634619" /> There have also been temporary exhibits over the years, such as a display of gardening tools in 2012<ref name="nyt-2012-04-26">{{Cite news |last=Kahn |first=Eve M. |date=April 26, 2012 |title=Gardening Tools, for Sowing or Reaping |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/27/arts/design/dibbles-and-daisy-grubbers-at-bartow-pell-museum-in-bronx.html |access-date=December 2, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619163004/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/27/arts/design/dibbles-and-daisy-grubbers-at-bartow-pell-museum-in-bronx.html |url-status=live}}</ref> and an exhibit of objects relating to the house's history in 2014.<ref name="p1941462435">{{cite news |date=March 7, 2014 |title=Around Town: Museums and Sites |page=C22 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |id={{ProQuest|1941462435}}}}</ref>

=== Events and programming ===
Starting in 1984, the museum has hosted educational programs.<ref name="n136117981" /> When the carriage house reopened in 1993, the museum allowed students to participate in live reenactments of coachmen's lives, and videos were displayed in the carriage room's education gallery.<ref name="p278634619" /> {{As of|2023}}, the museum operates several educational programs for school classes, including courses on gardening, the habitat of the nearby woodlands, [[Lenape]] history, and the lives of the Bartow family and servants.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2023 a316">{{cite web |date=June 26, 2023 |title=School Programs at Bartow-Pell |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/learn/school-programs-at-bartow-pell/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603110134/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/learn/school-programs-at-bartow-pell/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The programming is largely targeted toward [[Primary education in the United States|elementary school]] students.<ref name="NYC-ARTS 2012 c911">{{cite web |date=July 25, 2012 |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion |url=https://www.nyc-arts.org/organizations/bartow-pell-mansion/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=NYC-ARTS}}</ref> The museum also operates after-school programs and a [[summer camp]] for children.<ref name="Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum 2023 t684">{{cite web |date=June 15, 2023 |title=After-School and Summer Programs |url=https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/learn/after-school-and-summer-programs/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603110622/https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/learn/after-school-and-summer-programs/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Visitors can see the museum without needing to book in advance,<ref name="Transportation 2023 m262" /> though museum staff also provide guided tours of the mansion.<ref name="Historic House Trust of New York City 2022 q680" /><ref name="Dao 2016 b366">{{cite web |last=Dao |first=Dan Q |date=August 5, 2016 |title=Museums in The Bronx, New York |url=https://www.timeout.com/newyork/museums/bartow-pell-mansion-museum |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Time Out New York |archive-date=February 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206095305/https://www.timeout.com/newyork/museums/bartow-pell-mansion-museum |url-status=live}}</ref> The museum has also provided local-history programs.<ref name="n136158499">{{Cite news |date=May 10, 1992 |title=Museum director appointed |pages=51 |work=The Daily Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-museum-director-appointe/136158499/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222608/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-museum-director-appointe/136158499/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In the Bartow–Pell Mansion Museum's early years, the Garden Club hosted a variety of events to raise money, including tours,<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 10, 1959 |title=Bartow Museum To Gain by Tour On Wednesday; International Garden Club Sets Gourmet and Gracious Living Event |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1959/05/10/archives/bartow-museum-to-gain-by-tour-on-wednesday-international-garden.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124142724/http://www.nytimes.com/1959/05/10/archives/bartow-museum-to-gain-by-tour-on-wednesday-international-garden.html |url-status=live}}</ref> autumn festivals,<ref>{{Cite news |date=September 26, 1958 |title=Festival Tomorrow For Bartow Museum |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1958/09/26/archives/festival-tomorrow-for-bartow-museum.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222559/https://www.nytimes.com/1958/09/26/archives/festival-tomorrow-for-bartow-museum.html |url-status=live}}</ref> and fashion shows with tea.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 2, 1954 |title=Garden Club Fete Today; Fashion Show and Tea Will Be Held at Bartow Mansion |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/06/02/archives/garden-club-fete-today-fashion-show-and-tea-will-be-held-at-bartow.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203222456/https://www.nytimes.com/1954/06/02/archives/garden-club-fete-today-fashion-show-and-tea-will-be-held-at-bartow.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The mansion also hosted debutante balls,<ref name="The New York Times 1962 v424">See, for example:{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{cite web |title=16 Debutantes Are Introduced At Garden Club; Bartow-Pell Mansion in the Bronx Is Scene of Annual Reception |website=The New York Times |date=November 25, 1962 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1962/11/25/archives/16-debutantes-are-introduced-at-garden-club-bartowpell-mansion-in.html |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224052/https://www.nytimes.com/1962/11/25/archives/16-debutantes-are-introduced-at-garden-club-bartowpell-mansion-in.html |url-status=live}}|{{cite web |title=Bronx Mansion Will Be Setting For Debutante Ball on Nov. 25 |website=The New York Times |date=November 12, 1967 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/11/12/archives/bronx-mansion-will-be-setting-for-debutante-ball-on-nov-25.html |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224052/https://www.nytimes.com/1967/11/12/archives/bronx-mansion-will-be-setting-for-debutante-ball-on-nov-25.html |url-status=live}}}}</ref> weddings, cotillions, and Christmas sales.<ref name="The New York Times 1964 i092" /> In addition, the club had an active planting program, which in the late 1950s included dozens of perennial plantings each year.<ref name="nyt-2002-04-28" /> The house continued to host events such as debutante balls and Christmas boutiques through the 1970s.<ref>See, for example:{{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{Cite news |date=December 18, 1975 |title=Christmas boutique for unit |pages=21 |work=The Standard-Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-star-christmas-boutique-for/136115171/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224149/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-star-christmas-boutique-for/136115171/ |url-status=live}}|{{Cite news |date=June 17, 1971 |title=12 Debutantes Honored at Bartow-Pell Party |pages=28 |work=The Standard-Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-star-12-debutantes-honored/136115480/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224205/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-star-12-debutantes-honored/136115480/ |url-status=live}}}}</ref> By the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the house hosted events such as luncheons,<ref name="Charleston Daily Mail 1999">{{Cite news |date=July 3, 1999 |title=An expert gives the word on words: Lord offered cow as part of 1688 land deal |page=9A |work=Charleston Daily Mail |id={{ProQuest|331853705}}}}</ref> architectural tours,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yarrow |first=Andrew L. |date=May 11, 1990 |title=City Landmark Tours Celebrate Preservation |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/11/arts/city-landmark-tours-celebrate-preservation.html |access-date=December 2, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525194933/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/11/arts/city-landmark-tours-celebrate-preservation.html |url-status=live}}</ref> St. Nicholas Day Festivals,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sherman |first=Robert |date=December 1, 1996 |title=Five Stars to Play at Emelin Theater Benefit |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/01/nyregion/five-stars-to-play-at-emelin-theater-benefit.html |access-date=December 2, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526155606/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/01/nyregion/five-stars-to-play-at-emelin-theater-benefit.html |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Open House New York]] events,<ref name="Wolfe 2015 z263">{{cite web |last=Wolfe |first=Jonathan |date=October 15, 2015 |title=Open House New York Offers a Citywide Adventure |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/16/arts/design/open-house-new-york-offers-a-citywide-adventure.html |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205223855/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/16/arts/design/open-house-new-york-offers-a-citywide-adventure.html |url-status=live}}</ref> and Halloween tours.<ref name="Colangelo 2017 l999">{{cite web |last=Colangelo |first=Lisa L. |date=October 25, 2017 |title=Get spooked at these historic haunted houses this Halloween |url=https://www.amny.com/entertainment/things-to-do/historic-haunted-houses-nyc-1-14623433/ |access-date=December 3, 2023 |website=amNewYork |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224149/https://www.amny.com/entertainment/things-to-do/historic-haunted-houses-nyc-1-14623433/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The mansion has also hosted recurring events such as the Friends of Pelham Bay Park's autumn galas,<ref name="p313726398">{{cite news |date=October 15, 1999 |title=Nabe News / 3m OKd in Upgrade at Projects |page=2 |work=New York Daily News |issn=2692-1251 |id={{ProQuest|313726398}}}}</ref> Historic House Festivals,<ref>See, for example: {{Unbulleted list citebundle|{{cite news |date=June 1, 1990 |title=Manhattan Closeup Paying Visits to Historic Houses Mansions Hosting Events During Citywide Festival |page=23 |work=Newsday |issn=2574-5298 |id={{ProQuest|278227659}}}}|{{Cite news |date=May 30, 1991 |title=House Tours Offer A Glimpse of 1800's |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/30/garden/house-tours-offer-a-glimpse-of-1800-s.html |access-date=December 2, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525232908/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/30/garden/house-tours-offer-a-glimpse-of-1800-s.html |url-status=live}}}}</ref> and movie nights.<ref name="Minners 2008 j877">{{cite web |last=Minners |first=Jon |date=August 13, 2008 |title=Movie night planned at Bartow-Pell – Bronx Times |url=https://www.bxtimes.com/movie-night-planned-at-bartow-pell/ |access-date=December 2, 2023 |website=Bronx Times}}</ref>

== Impact ==
[[File:Bartow-Pell Mansion- Sun Room.jpg|thumb|Plants in the orangery]]
In the 1880s, the ''New-York Tribune'' wrote that the mansion "has the solid and substantial appearance of an English country-house", declaring it to be one of the best country estates in Pelham Bay Park.<ref name="p573131526">{{cite news |date=January 13, 1885 |title=Beauties of Pelham Park: Picturesqueness Without a Rival Some of the Country-seats That Will Be Converted Into Public Property |page=3 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|573131526}}}}</ref> After the mansion was converted to a clubhouse in 1915, a writer for ''Harper's Bazaar'' said that the mansion "will no longer be a reproach to the City of New York".<ref name="Lounsbery p. 28" /> Another critic wrote for ''[[The Sun (New York City)|The Sun]]'' that the house "is full of interest and charm to all who delight in perfectly proportioned rooms, genuine wood carving over doors, beautiful mantels, and the best kind of elegant simplicity".<ref name="n136055984" /> A 1944 book said that the house "in its completeness, its elegance, and its beauty, is the product of a designer of great skill".<ref name="Barr pp. 43–44" /> A reporter wrote in 1975 that the ornate and expansive interiors "provided a fitting setting for the life of" its residents.<ref name="n136115700" />

In 1947, a year after the house was converted into a museum, a writer for ''[[The Christian Science Monitor]]'' said that both the Garden Club and Mrs. Eliot Tuckerman should be credited "for vision and persistence in restoring the beautiful old Bartow Mansion in Pelham Bay Park, not only to usefulness, but to be open to the public".<ref name="p516109827" /> A critic for ''The New York Times'' said in 1970 that the house's decorative elements, such as the windows, roof, and interiors, contributed to its Greek Revival "grandeur".<ref name="The New York Times 1970 k828">{{cite web |last=Schwartz |first=Marvin D. |date=February 28, 1970 |title=Antiques: American Empire Pieces in Ideal Setting |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/02/28/archives/antiques-american-empire-pieces-in-ideal-setting-bartowpell-mansion.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A writer from the same newspaper described the mansion as "almost buried treasure" in 1987,<ref name="nyt-1987-05-29" /> while a reporter for the ''Philadelphia Inquirer'' said in 1984 that it was a "Greek Revival masterpiece".<ref name="p1820061932">{{Cite news |last=Martin |first=Josh |date=September 30, 1984 |title=Finding Beauty in the Bronx |page=M.1 |work=Philadelphia Inquirer |id={{ProQuest|1820061932}}}}</ref> The ''Washington Post'' called the house "an exquisite enclave of peace and history, little-known to New Yorkers".<ref name="p307251379">{{cite news |last=Yeadon |first=David |date=April 22, 1990 |title=New York; Boroughing Out; Beyond the Core of the Big Apple |page=E01 |newspaper=The Washington Post |issn=0190-8286 |id={{ProQuest|307251379}}}}</ref> In the 2000s, a ''Christian Science Monitor'' writer described the house and grounds as a "further challenge to the hard-boiled reputation of the Bronx" and a remnant of the borough's rural past,<ref name="p405685980">{{cite news |last=Gale |first=Amy |date=September 8, 2004 |title=Houses bring New York's past to life |page=14 |work=The Christian Science Monitor |issn=0882-7729 |id={{ProQuest|405685980}}}}</ref> while [[Mimi Sheraton]] of the ''Times'' said that the house and gardens were both evidence of its occupants' luxurious lifestyle and a reminder that none of the other mansions in the area remained.<ref name="nyt-2001-04-20" />

The [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] (LPC) designated the mansion's exterior as a [[New York City designated landmark|New York City landmark]] in 1966.<ref name="The New York Times 1966 f563">{{cite web |date=March 8, 1966 |title=Poe's Cottage Made Landmark; It Is Among Buildings Named by Preservation Group |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/03/08/archives/poes-cottage-made-landmark-it-is-among-buildings-named-by.html |access-date=December 1, 2023 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606181610/https://www.nytimes.com/1966/03/08/archives/poes-cottage-made-landmark-it-is-among-buildings-named-by.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=March 8, 1966 |title=Dub 8 Houses as Landmarks |pages=267 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-dub-8-houses-as-landmarks/103271329/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224602/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-dub-8-houses-as-landmarks/103271329/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The LPC held hearings in 1975 to determine whether the Bartow–Pell Mansion's first-floor interior should be designated as a landmark.<ref>{{Cite news |date=February 26, 1975 |title=3 New Landmarks Backed at Hearings |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/02/26/archives/3-new-landmarks-backed-at-hearings.html |url-status=live |access-date=May 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504040915/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/02/26/archives/3-new-landmarks-backed-at-hearings.html |archive-date=May 4, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=February 10, 1975 |title=Landmarks: 3 on List |pages=281 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-landmarks-3-on-list/136115600/ |access-date=December 1, 2023 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203224605/https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-landmarks-3-on-list/136115600/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The LPC designated the interiors of the Bartow–Pell Mansion, [[Federal Hall]]'s rotunda, and the [[Morris–Jumel Mansion]] as landmarks on May 26, 1975,<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 27, 1975 |title=Landmark Buildings Also Win Citations For Their Inferiors |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/27/archives/landmark-buildings-also-win-citations-for-their-inferiors.html |access-date=May 2, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and the [[New York City Board of Estimate]] ratified these designations that July.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 18, 1975 |title=Metropolitan Briefs |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/07/18/archives/metropolitan-briefs-3-interiors-win-landmark-status-appeal-due-on.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813182716/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/07/18/archives/metropolitan-briefs-3-interiors-win-landmark-status-appeal-due-on.html |archive-date=August 13, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The mansion became a [[National Historic Landmark]] on December 8, 1976,<ref name="United States. National Park Service Historic Sites Survey (U.S.) 1977 p. 17" /> and the IGC received a "certificate of proof" for the National Historic Landmark designation the next year.<ref name="Castellucci 1977" /> The exterior-landmark designation was extended in 1978 to cover the carriage house, gardens, and Pell family graveyard;<ref name="NYCL-0125E" /> the expanded designation covers {{Convert|60|acre}} of the park.<ref name="Mellon 2010 pp. 8-9" />

== See also ==
* [[List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City]]
* [[List of New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx]]
* [[National Historic Landmarks in New York City]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx]]

==References==
===Notes===
{{Notelist}}

=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
* {{Cite book |last=Barr |first=Lockwood |url=http://archive.org/details/briefbutmostcomp0000lock |title=A brief, but most complete & true account of the settlement of the ancient town of Pelham, Westchester county, state of New York,: Known one time well ... the three modern villages called the Pelhams |date=1946 |publisher=Dietz Press |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite report |url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/GetAsset/ba3a9e83-b0ff-492b-aa05-34199c7f7d3e |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum |date=December 8, 1976 |publisher=[[National Register of Historic Places]], [[National Park Service]] |ref={{harvid|National Park Service|1976}}}}
* {{cite report |url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0886.pdf |title=Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum, First Floor Interior |date=May 27, 1975 |publisher=[[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] |ref={{Harvid|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1975}}}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cook |first1=Harry T. |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101057856138&seq=189 |title=The borough of the Bronx, 1639–1913 : its marvelous development and historical surroundings |last2=Kaplan |first2=Nathan J. |date=1913 |publisher=Harry T. Cook |via=HathiTrust}}
* {{Cite report |url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/arch_reports/25.pdf |title=Historic Structure Report: The Bartow-Pell Stable |last1=Hopping |first1=Daniel M. C. |last2=Matero |first2=Frank G. |date=August 1980 |publisher=Architectural Preservation Consultants |last3=Studenroth |first3=Zachary N.}}
* {{cite book |last=Jenkins |first=Stephen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E9nIC6Lva5sC&pg=PA212-IA1 |title=The Story of the Bronx from the Purchase Made by the Dutch from the Indians in 1639 to the Present Day |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |year=1912}}
* {{Cite magazine |last=Lounsbery |first=Elizabeth |date=Jul 1915 |title=The House |magazine=Harper's Bazaar |volume=50 |issue=7 |pages=28–29 |id={{ProQuest|1860646743}}}}

==External links==
* {{Official website |https://www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org/}}
* {{HABS |survey=NY-456 |id=ny0099 |title=Bartow–Pell Mansion, Shore Road, Pelham Bay Park, Bronx, Bronx County, NY |photos=18 |dwgs=10 |supp=yes}}
* {{HABS |survey=NY-456-A |id=ny1614 |title=Bartow–Pell Mansion, Carriage House |dwgs=1 |link=no}}

{{New York City Historic Sites}}
{{National Register of Historic Places in New York}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Subject bar|commons=Category:Bartow-Pell Mansion|Architecture|New York City|NRHP}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bartow-Pell Mansion}}
[[Category:1842 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Carriage houses in the United States]]
[[Category:Carriage houses on the National Register of Historic Places]]
[[Category:Historic American Buildings Survey in New York City]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in New York City]]
[[Category:Houses completed in 1842]]
[[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in the Bronx]]
[[Category:Museums in the Bronx]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in New York City]]
[[Category:New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx]]
[[Category:New York City interior landmarks]]
[[Category:New York State Register of Historic Places in Bronx County]]
[[Category:Pelham Bay Park]]
[[Category:Pell family]]
[[Category:Transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in New York City]]
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