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{{Short description|Group of Christians from Bengali}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group            = Bengali Christians
| native_name      = বাঙালি খ্রিস্টান (Bangali Khrishtan)
| population       = 1,370,000
| region1          = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| pop1             = 640,000
| ref1             = <ref name="autogenerated182">Luchesi, Brigitte (1999), "Bangladesh", in Fahlbusch, Erwin, Encyclopedia of Christianity 1, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, pp. 182–183, {{ISBN|0802824137}}</ref>
| region2          = {{flag|India}}
| pop2             = 730,000 (West Bengal)
| ref2             = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ncm.nic.in/minority_population.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-08-01 |archive-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720175158/http://ncm.nic.in/minority_population.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| languages        = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (native), [[Standard Hindi|Hindi]] and [[Indian English|English]] (secondary languages cum lingua francas for official purposes for those resident in [[India]]), [[Ecclesiastical Latin|Latin]], [[Koine Greek|Greek]], [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew]], [[Syriac language|Syriac]] (liturgical languages)
| religions        = [[Christianity]]<br />'''---''' [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]<br />'''---''' [[Protestantism]]<br />'''---''' [[Indian Orthodox]]
| related          = [[Bengali Muslims]], [[Bengali Hindus]], [[Bengali Buddhists]]
}}
{{Christianity}} 
{{Bengalis}}
'''Bengali Christians''' ({{lang-bn|বাঙালি খ্রিস্টান}}) are adherents of [[Christianity]] among the [[Bengalis|Bengali people]]. Christianity took root in Bengal after the arrival of Portuguese voyagers in the 16th century. It witnessed further conversions among the Bengali upper-caste elite during the 19th century [[Bengali Renaissance]].

Bengali Christians played significant role in [[Bengali culture]], education, commerce and society. Some of the most influential thinkers and advocates during the Indian independence struggle from British Raj where Bengali Christians. The region is home to venerable missionary institutions, including the [[Missionaries of Charity]] founded by [[Mother Teresa]].
[[File:Calcutta, Cathedral of the Most Holy Rosary-2.jpg|thumb|[[Archdiocese of Calcutta]]]]
[[File:Dhaka, Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception.JPG|thumb|[[Archdiocese of Dhaka]]]]

==History==
[[File:Patharghatta Catholic Church Chittagong.JPG|thumb|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chittagong]]]]
Christianity was established in Bengal by the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] missionaries in the 16th century. [[Basilica of the Holy Rosary, Bandel]] is the first church known to have been constructed in 1599 at [[Hugli-Chuchura]] in the [[Hooghly district]] of West Bengal, India. Another is known to have been established from the historical records was in Ishwaripore, [[Jessore]] (erstwhile Chandecan) in 1600 under patronage of [[Pratapaditya]] which later was ransacked.<ref>Ray, Aniruddha (1976). "Case Study of a Revolt in Medieval Bengal: Raja Pratapaditya Guha Roy". In De, Barun (ed.). Essays in Honour of Prof. S.C. Sarkar. Delhi: People's Pub. House</ref> Chittagong (erstwhile also referred to as Diang) with significant Portuguese and trading settlements had first hermitage and churches erected around this time. The [[Portuguese settlement in Chittagong]] hosted the first [[Vicar Apostolic]] in Bengal.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ctgdiocese.com/chronicle-snippets/ |title=Chronicle/Snippets |access-date=2015-08-01 |archive-date=2020-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212172403/http://www.ctgdiocese.com/chronicle-snippets/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Portuguese from there moved to Arakan, where they would transport Hindu and Muslim slaves, about 42,000 in number from 1621 to 1624, and converted 28,000 of those enslaved peoples to Christianity.<ref>{{cite book |title=Christian Missions in East Bengal |last=Ahmed |first= S.M. Tanveer Ahmed}}</ref> [[Jesuit]] missionaries also established churches in [[Bandel]] and [[Dhaka]]. In 1682, there were 14,120 Roman Catholics in Bengal.<ref name="autogenerated182"/> 

==Denominations==
===Roman Catholic Church===
The Catholic Church in Bangladesh is based in the [[Archdiocese of Dhaka]], with dioceses in [[Dinajpur]], [[Mymensingh]], [[Sylhet]] and [[Rajshahi]] and Archdiocese of Chittagong, with dioceses on Barisal and Khulna .<ref name="autogenerated368">World Christian Encyclopedia, Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 368-371</ref>
*Province of Dhaka: [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dhaka|Metropolitan Archdiocese of Dhaka]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Dinajpur|Diocese of Dinajpur]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mymensingh|Diocese of Mymensingh]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Rajshahi|Diocese of Rajshahi]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Sylhet|Diocese of Sylhet]]
*Province of Chittagong: [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chittagong|Metropolitan Archdiocese of Chittagong]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Barisal|Diocese of Barisal]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Khulna|Diocese of Khulna]]

The [[Roman Catholic Church]] in West Bengal is based in the [[Archdiocese of Calcutta]].
*Province of Calcutta: [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Calcutta|Metropolitan Archdiocese of Calcutta]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Asansol|Diocese of Asansol]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Bagdogra|Diocese of Bagdogra]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Baruipur|Diocese of Baruipur]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Darjeeling|Diocese of Darjeeling]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Jalpaiguri|Diocese of Jalpaiguri]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Krishnagar|Diocese of Krishnagar]]
**[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Raiganj|Diocese of Raiganj]]


===[[Anglican Communion]]===

[[Church of Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]:

There are one [[Archdiocese]] & two diocese of the [[Anglican]] [[Church of Bangladesh]]:

*[[Church of Bangladesh Archdiocese of Dhaka]]
*Diocese of [[Kushtia]]
*Diocese of [[Barisal]]


[[India]] ([[West Bengal]]):

[[St. Paul's Cathedral, Kolkata]] is the seat of the [[Anglican Diocese of Calcutta]] (1813) of the [[Church of North India]] (CNI).

*Diocese of [[Barrackpore]] 
*Diocese of [[Durgapur]] 
*Diocese of [[Calcutta]]

===Other denominations===
Other denominations include:<ref name="autogenerated368"/>
*[[Assemblies of God in India]]
*[[India Pentecostal Church of God]]
*[[The Pentecostal Mission]]
*[[Armenian Apostolic Church]]
*[[Bengal Orissa Bihar Baptist Convention]]
*[[Brethren in Christ Church]]
*[[Church of God (Anderson, Indiana)|Church of God (Anderson)]]
*[[El Shaddai (movement)|El Shaddai]]
*[[New Life Fellowship Association]]
*[[Bangladesh Baptist Church Sangha (BBCS)]]
*[[Isa-e Church|Isa-e Church (Bangladesh)]]

==Demographics==
Bengali Christians are considered a [[model minority]] in [[South Asia]] and usually enjoy a high literacy rate, low male-female sex ratio and a better socio-economic status.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.medindia.net/news/indiaspecial/Indian-Christians-Treat-Their-Women-Better-Sex-Ratio-Highest-31076-1.htm|title=Indian Christians Treat Their Women Better, Sex Ratio Highest|date=25 December 2007|access-date=1 August 2015|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703004029/http://www.medindia.net/news/indiaspecial/Indian-Christians-Treat-Their-Women-Better-Sex-Ratio-Highest-31076-1.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Christian missionaries operate many schools, hospitals and shelters for the poor. They receive support from the Indian and Bangladeshi governments.

[[Dhaka]], [[Chittagong]], [[Barisal]], [[Khulna]] and Northern District Side have significant Christian populations.

==Culture==

===Lusophone heritage===
Some Catholic Bengali Christians have Portuguese surnames. In a tradition similar to [[Bengali Muslims]] (who have Arabic and Persian names), Bengali Christians adopted Portuguese surnames due to the early influence of Portuguese missionaries in spreading Christianity. Common Catholic Bengali Christian surnames include Gomes, Rozario, D'Costa, Gonsalvez, Cruze, Dias, D'Silva and D'Souza among others.<ref>{{cite news |title=Você fala Bangla? |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/feature/2014/jan/25/voc%25C3%25AA-fala-bangla |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=25 January 2014 |access-date=4 August 2015 |archive-date=21 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621082706/http://www.dhakatribune.com/feature/2014/jan/25/voc%25C3%25AA-fala-bangla |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Christmas]] is known as "[[Boro Din]]" (Big Day) and is a [[public holiday]] in both [[Bangladesh]] and Indian [[West Bengal]].

==Notable Bengali Christians==
{{BLP unsourced section|date=September 2021}}

*
*[[Krishna Mohan Banerjee]], Educationist, linguist and Bengali Christian missionary, First President of the Bengal Christian Association. 
*[[Lal Behari Dey]], Bengali Christian Missionary, writer and journalist  
*[[Kali Charan Chatterjee]],  Bengali christian Missionary and first moderator of the Presbyterian Church in India.
*[[Kali Charan  Banerjee]], Lawyer, Indian independence movement activist and founding member of the Indian National Congress.
*
*[[Brahmabandhav Upadhyay]], Bengali theologian, journalist and freedom fighter in the Indian independence movement 
*[[Lolita Roy]], social reformer and suffragist in the British suffragist movement 


===Religious Leaders===

*Rev. [[Nirod Biswas]], first Indian Anglican Bishop of Assam
*Cardinal [[Patrick D'Rozario]]
*Poulinous Costa, [[Archbishop]]
*Michael Rosario, [[Archbishop]]
*Moses Montu Costa, the late [[Archbishop]] of [[Chittagong]]
*
*Rt. Rev Shourabh Pholia, Bishop of Barishal Diocese
*[[Theotonius Amal Ganguly]], former Bishop of Dhaka
*Rt. Rev Hemen Halder, Bishop of Kushtia Diocese
*
*Alvin P Bhakta, [[Reverend]]
*Nathaniel Shetu Munshi [[Reverend]]
*Nibaron Das [[Bishop]]

===Freedom Fighters===
*[[Kali Charan Banerjee]]

===Arts===
*[[Michael Madhusudan Dutt]], 19th century poet and playwright
*[[Toru Dutt]], poet
*[[Badal Sarkar|Badal Sircar]], noted Bengali playwright and dramatist.
*[[Samar Das]], musician
*[[Debabrata Biswas]], musician
*[[Andrew Kishore]], Bangladeshi playback singer
*[[Robin Ghosh]], Bangladeshi playback singer and film music composer
*[[Tony Dias]], Bangladeshi television actor and director
*[[Artcell|George Lincoln D'Costa]], Bangladeshi Metal Singer

===Industry===
*[[Samson Chowdhury]], founder of [[Square Pharmaceuticals]], [[Bangladesh]] 
*[[Tapan Chowdhury (businessman)]], [[Bangladesh]]
*[[Anjan Chowdhury]], [[Bangladesh]]

===Scholars===
*[[Chandramukhi Basu]], first female graduate of [[British India]]
*[[Radhanath Sikdar]], Indian mathematician
*[[Ashis Nandy]], Indian sociologist
*[[Sukumari Bhattacharji]], Indologist
*
*
*
*
*

===Educators===
*
*[[Mona Hensman]], née Mitter, former Principal, [[Ethiraj College for Women]], [[Chennai]]
*[[Surendra Kumar Datta]], former Principal, [[Forman Christian College]], [[Lahore]], [[Pakistan]].
*[[S. K. Rudra]], first [[Indian people|Indian]] Principal of [[St. Stephen's College, Delhi|St. Stephen's College]], [[Delhi]]

===Journalists===
*[[Prannoy Roy]]
*[[Pritish Nandy]]
*

===Politicians===

*[[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee]], First Governor of West Bengal and member of constituent assembly.
*[[Hubert Costa]], Bangladeshi-Polish Member of Parliament
*[[Promode Mankin]], First Catholic and first member of the country's among Christian community to become a government minister in Bangladesh (as a member of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]]) and formerly representing [[Mymensingh-1]] (constituency) (whom his son became his successor).
*[[Jewel Areng]], son of [[Promode Mankin]]. He is the youngest member of parliament (as a member of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]]) and the only Catholic, currently representing [[Mymensingh-1]] (constituency) (whom his father was also his predecessor).
*[[Gloria Jharna Sarker]], Bangladesh's first Christian Woman MP (2019)[http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Bangladesh’s-first-Catholic-woman-MP-dedicates-her-victory-to-all-Christians-46249.html]

===Bangladesh Army===
*[[Brigadier]] [[John Gomes (officer)|John Gomes]]

===Indian Defence Services===
*[[Lionel Protip Sen]], [[General]] in the [[Indian Army]]

===Sports===
*[[Sudhir Kumar Chatterjee]], Indian footballer
*[[Paresh Lal Roy]], Indian boxer
*[[Hemanta Vincent Biswas]], Bangladesh national team footballer

==See also==
*[[Christianity in Bangladesh]]
*[[Christianity in West Bengal]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Bangladesh’s-first-Catholic-woman-MP-dedicates-her-victory-to-all-Christians-46249.html

{{Christianity in India by region}}
{{Churches in India}}
{{Christianity footer}}

[[Category:Christian communities of India]]
[[Category:Christianity in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Ethnoreligious groups in India]]
[[Category:Social groups of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Social groups of Bangladesh]]
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