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[[File:Totenbuch_der_Nehem-es-Rataui_Museum_August_Kestner_Hannover_1_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Full view of the surviving papyrus]]
[[File:Totenbuch der Nehem-es-Rataui Museum August Kestner Hannover 5.jpg|thumb|Judgement of the dead]]
The '''Book of the Dead of Nehem-es-Rataui''' is, along with the [[Papyrus Brocklehurst]], the most important [[papyrus]] in the collection of the [[Museum August Kestner]] in [[Hanover]], Germany. It contains one of the many traditional versions of the Egyptian [[Book of the Dead]], which differs most significantly from similar papyri in the style of the central scene of the [[Judgement (afterlife)|Judgement of the dead]].

The papyrus was part of the collection of [[August Kestner]] and is now located in the Museum August Kestner in Hanover (inventory number 3454), where it is displayed in Room II of the Egyptological collection with other gravegoods and artefacts from the death cult.

The book derives from [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]] and is dated to the [[Ptolemaic Egypt|Ptolemaic period]], probably around 200 BC. The papyrus was among the grave goods of the Singer of [[Amun]], Nehem-es-Rataui. The Papyrus was written in [[Hieratic]] script, completely in black ink. Originally the 21 centimetre high document had a length of 715 centimetres - that is, 15 pages. As a result of damage in the [[Second World War]], when the central city of Hanover was bombed and the Kestner Museum took heavy damage, it only survives in the form of three fragments with a length of 1.64 m, which includes the central scene. The very tight combination of the important Egyptian deities in the central scene is notable. [[Osiris]] sits in judgement, [[Anubis]] and [[Horus]] weigh the heart of the deceased, [[Thoth]] records the result and the monstrous [[Ammit]] waits to devour the [[ba (Egyptian soul)|ba]] of the deceased in the event of a negative judgement. On a lotus bloom between Osiris and Thoth stand the four [[sons of Horus]]. The deceased is at the right, accompanied by two goddesses. At other points, the text is broken up by small images, mostly of the Horus falcon. Another large image is located to the left of the main image, divided into four smaller images.

== Bibliography ==
* Günter Burkard, Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert: ''Ägyptische Handschriften.'' Vol. 4 (= ''Verzeichnis der orientalischen Handschriften in Deutschland'' Vol. 19, 4). Steiner, Stuttgart 1994, p.&nbsp;214, n. 316.
* Hans-Georg Dettmer: ''„… den Sinn für das Schöne erwecken …“. Führer durch das Kestner-Museum Hannover.'' Kestner-Museum Hannover, Hannover 1998, {{ISBN|3-924029-28-8}}, pp.&nbsp;63–65.
* [[Christian E. Loeben]]: ''Die Ägypten-Sammlung des Museum August Kestner und ihre (Kriegs-)Verluste.'' Leidorf, Rahden 2011, {{ISBN|978-3-86757-454-9}}, p.&nbsp;181.

== External links ==
{{commonscat|Book of the Dead of Nehem-es-Rataui}}
* [http://totenbuch.awk.nrw.de//objekt/tm57155 Entry] in ''Das altägyptische Totenbuch. Ein digitales Textzeugenarchv''. (German)

[[Category:Museum August Kestner]]
[[Category:Egyptian papyri containing images]]
[[Category:Book of the Dead]]


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