Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:British Rail Class 378

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{short description|Fleet of electric multiple units in Britain}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox train
| background = #E87722
| name = British Rail Class 378 ''Capitalstar''
| image = 378135 at Wandsworth Road 21-09-18.jpg
| imagealt = 
| imagesize = 
| caption = [[London Overground]] Class 378 at {{stnlnk|Wandsworth Road}}
| interiorimage = 378201 MSO DMSO Interior.jpg
| interiorimagealt = 
| interiorcaption = The interior of a Class 378 unit
| service = 29 July 2009{{snd}}present
| manufacturer = [[Bombardier Transportation]]
| designer = 
| assembly = 
| ordernumber = 
| factory = [[Derby Litchurch Lane Works]]
| family = ''[[Bombardier Electrostar|Electrostar]]''
| replaced = {{ubli|indent=1em|{{brc|172}}|{{brc|313}}|{{brc|508}}|[[London Underground A60 and A62 Stock|A60/A62 Stock]]}}
| yearconstruction = {{ubl|2008–2011|(plus additional vehicles in 2015)}}
| yearservice = 
| refurbishment = 
| yearscrapped = 
| numberconstruction = 
| numberbuilt = 57
| numberservice = 
| numberpreserved = 
| numberscrapped = 
| predecessor = 
| successor = {{brc|710}}{{efn|[[Gospel Oak to Barking line|Gospel Oak to Barking]] and [[Watford DC line|Watford DC]] lines.}}
| formation = {{ubl|5 cars per unit:|{{abbr|DMOS|Driver's cab, Motor car, Open saloon, Standard class}}-{{abbr|MOS|Motor car, Open saloon, Standard class}}-{{abbr|PTOS|Pantograph, Trailer car, Open saloon, Standard class}}-MOS-DMOS}}
| diagram = 
| code = 
| fleetnumbers = {{ubl|378135–378154|378201–378224|378225–378234|378255–378257}}
| capacity = {{ubli|indent=1em|1,178 total|(186 fixed seats, 86 tip-up seats, and up to 906 standees)}}
| owner = Transport for London<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lynch |first=Ben |date=12 July 2023 |title=London Overground: Rising interest rates behind unbudgeted £281m spend on trains, TfL confirms |url=https://www.londonworld.com/news/traffic-and-travel/london-overground-rising-interest-rates-behind-unbudgeted-ps281m-spend-on-trains-tfl-confirms-4216532 |access-date=15 November 2023 |website=London World}}</ref>
| operator = [[London Overground]]
| depots = 
| lines = {{ubl|[[East London line]]|[[North London line]]|[[South London line]]|[[West London line]]|[[Watford DC line]]}}
| carbody = Welded [[aluminium]] body with [[steel]] cab ends
| trainlength = {{convert|101.350|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| carlength = {{ubl|DMOS vehs.: {{convert|19.995|m|ftin|abbr=on}}|Others: {{convert|19.660|m|ftin|abbr=on}}}}
| width = {{convert|2.800|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|3.774|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| lowfloor = 
| floorheight = {{convert|1.151|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="foi-extra">{{cite letter |first=Gemma |last=Jacob |recipient=Adam Palfrey|subject=London Overground Class 378 Details |date=17 August 2016 |url=https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/london_overground_class_378_deta#incoming-854508 |publisher=Transport for London |access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref>
| platformheight = 
| entrylevelorstep = 
| doors = Double-leaf pocket sliding, {{avoid wrap|each {{convert|1.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} wide}}<br />(2 per side per car)
| wheeldiameter = {{convert|840|mm|ftin|abbr=on}} (nominal)<ref name="foi-extra" />
| wheelbase = {{ubl|Over bogies:|{{convert|2.600|m|ftin|abbr=on}}|Over bogie centres:|{{convert|14.173|m|ftin|abbr=on}}}}
| maxspeed = {{convert|75|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{ubli|indent=1em|DMOS vehs.: {{convert|45.5|t|abbr=on}}|MOS vehs.: {{convert|41.1|t|abbr=on}}|PTOS vehs.: {{convert|39.9|t|abbr=on}}|Total: {{convert|212.8|t}}}}
| axleload = 
| steep gradient = 1 in 29<ref name="foi-extra" />
| traction = 
| traction motors = 3 per motor car, {{avoid wrap|each of {{convert|600|kW|abbr=on}}}}
| poweroutput = {{convert|2400|kW|abbr=on}}<ref name="foi-extra" />
| tractiveeffort = 
| acceleration = 
| deceleration = 
| aux = 
| powersupply = 
| hvac = 
| electricsystem = {{ubli|indent=1em|{{750 V DC|conductor=y}}|{{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[Overhead line|overhead]] (378/2 only)}}
| collectionmethod = {{ubl|[[Contact shoe]] (DC)|[[Pantograph (transport)|Pantograph]] (AC) (378/2 only)}}
<!-- | uicclass           = 2′Bo′+2′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′2′+Bo′2′ is inconsistent with number of traction motors given -->| bogies = {{ubl|Powered: Bombardier P3-25|Unpowered: Bombardier T3-25}}
| minimum curve = 
| brakes = {{ubl|[[Electro-pneumatic brake system on British railway trains|Electro-pneumatic]] ([[Disc brake#Rail and aircraft|disc]]) and [[Regenerative brake#Electric railway vehicle operation|regenerative]]/[[Dynamic braking#Rheostatic braking|rheostatic]]|([[Knorr-Bremse]] EP2002)}}
| safety = {{ubl|[[Automatic Warning System#British Rail AWS|AWS]]|[[Train Protection & Warning System|TPWS]]|[[Train stop|Tripcock]] (378/2 only)<ref name="foi-extra" />}}
| coupling = [[Dellner]] 12
| multipleworking = Within class, and with Classes [[British Rail Class 375|375]], [[British Rail Class 376|376]], [[British Rail Class 377|377]], and [[British Rail Class 379|379]]
| gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| notes = Sourced from <ref name=P5>{{cite book |last=Hall |first=Peter |title=British Railways Locomotives & Coaching Stock 2012 |date=February 2012 |publisher=Platform 5 Publishing |location=Sheffield |page=292 |isbn=978-1-90233-692-3}}</ref> and <ref name=whatdotheyknow>{{cite book |title=Class 378 Information Sheet |date=2 November 2018 |publisher=Transport for London |edition=1 |url=https://foi.tfl.gov.uk/FOI-0416-2223/Class%20378%20Data%20Sheet.pdf |access-date=13 December 2020 |format=PDF<!--Deny Citation Bot-->}}</ref> unless otherwise noted.
| seating = Longitudinal
}}

The '''British Rail Class 378 ''Capitalstar'''''<ref>{{cite magazine |author=Pritchard, R. |title=TfL's first Class 378 ready to roll! |magazine=Today's Railways UK |location =Sheffield |page=32 |date=November 2008}}</ref> is an [[electric multiple unit]] passenger train specifically designed for the [[London Overground]] network. It is part of [[Bombardier Transportation]]'s [[Bombardier Electrostar|Electrostar]] family. A total of 57 five-car trains have been built – most of which were originally built as three- or four-car units.

The Class 378s were ordered in August 2006 in response to passenger dissatisfaction with existing mass-transit trains operated by [[Silverlink]], such as the ageing fleet of [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313]]. The procurement of a modern replacement was viewed as yielding better performance than the refurbishment of the existing units. Accordingly, a total of 57 Class 378s were manufactured at Bombardier's Derby site, the first example of which entered revenue service during July 2009. The type's introduction was roughly half a year later than originally planned, largely as a result of difficulties with multiple suppliers.

In design terms the train is broadly similar to the [[British Rail Class 376|Class 376]] trains operated by [[Southeastern (train operating company)|Southeastern]], featuring the same wider metro-style sliding pocket doors for more efficient boarding and alighting. However, it also has significant differences from the Class 376, such as fully longitudinal seating similar to that used on [[London Underground rolling stock]] to give more standing and less [[seating capacity]] and reduce overcrowding, the interior having been optimised for the high-volume metro-style services being operated by London Overground.

== History ==
[[File:E 313107 378017 Richmond.JPG|thumb|left|London Overground [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313]] and Class 378 side by side at {{stl|LUL|Richmond}}]]
By the start of the twenty-first century, several types of rolling stock that had originally entered service multiple decades before were in operation across [[London]]. In particular, the [[Silverlink]] franchise on the [[North London line]] was frequently regarded by travellers as having offered a poor service,<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.ealingtimes.co.uk/news/localnews/display.var.1782035.0.tfl_to_take_on_rail_network.php |title=TfL to take on rail network |newspaper= Ealing Times |first=Rachel |last=Sharp |date=24 October 2007 |access-date= 26 October 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080113234049/http://www.ealingtimes.co.uk/news/localnews/display.var.1782035.0.tfl_to_take_on_rail_network.php |archive-date=13 January 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> complaints centering around extremely congested trains and unreliable service.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/content/hackney/gazette/news/story.aspx?brand=HKYGOnline&category=news&tBrand=northlondon24&tCategory=newshkyg&itemid=WeED25%20Oct%202007%2011%3A49%3A35%3A157 |title=Braced for rail strikes |newspaper= Hackney Gazette |date=26 October 2007 |access-date=30 January 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071128081313/http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/content/hackney/gazette/news/story.aspx?brand=HKYGOnline&category=news&tBrand=northlondon24&tCategory=newshkyg&itemid=WeED25%20Oct%202007%2011%3A49%3A35%3A157 |archive-date= 28 November 2007}}</ref> The [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313]] was being used for these services at this time; its interiors were of noticeably lower quality compared to that of newer trains, and the trains themselves were viewed as unwelcoming to passengers, particularly during late hours.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/> Officials at [[Transport for London]] (TfL) were motivated to improve the situation and decided on a modern replacement for the Class 313. Accordingly, they began to investigate various options for doing so.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009">{{cite magazine |url= https://www.railmagazine.com/trains/current-trains/a-benchmark-for-inner-suburban-trains |title= A benchmark for inner suburban trains |magazine=Rail |location= Peterborough |date=30 December 2009 |first=Richard |last=Clinnick}}</ref>

In August 2006 it was announced that a contract worth £223 million had been signed between rolling-stock manufacturer [[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]] and TfL, under which an initial batch of 152 individual cars would be supplied, deliveries of which were to start in September 2008. The original contract contained an option to purchase additional cars, up to a total of 216. Maintenance arrangements were also included, involving the construction of a new depot near [[New Cross Gate railway station|New Cross Gate station]] to perform heavy maintenance tasks upon this new fleet.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/newsList/details.1184-bombardier-wins-a-ps223-million-order-from-transport-for-london-for-152-electric-multiple-unit-cars-for-the-united-kingdom.html?filter-bu=all&f-year=2006&f-month=7&f-type=all&show-by-page=50&page=1 |title=Bombardier Wins a £223 Million Order from Transport for London for 152 Electric Multiple Unit Cars for the United Kingdom |date=31 August 2006 |publisher=Bombardier Transportation |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140301210827/http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/newsList/details.1184-bombardier-wins-a-ps223-million-order-from-transport-for-london-for-152-electric-multiple-unit-cars-for-the-united-kingdom.html?filter-bu=all&f-year=2006&f-month=7&f-type=all&show-by-page=50&page=1 |archive-date=1 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The new fleet, designated Class 378, was manufactured by Bombardier at its facility in [[Derby]].<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/>

In July 2007, TfL announced it had ordered a further 36 Capitalstar carriages for £36 million.<ref>{{Cite press release |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/static/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/5432.html |title=£36m contract to bring extra rail carriages for London Overground |date=4 July 2007 |publisher= Transport for London |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121001054952/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/static/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/5432.html |archive-date=1 October 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The order comprised three additional four-car units for the East London Line, and 24 additional carriages to extend the original 3-car units for the North London Line into 4-car units, to be delivered in 2011.<ref name="Derby">{{cite news |url= http://www.railwayherald.co.uk/magazine/pdf/RHUK/Issue148HIGH.pdf|title=New London Overground Class 378s take shape at Derby |date=22 September 2008 |work=Railway Herald |location =Scunthorpe |page=4,5}}</ref>

On 16 September 2008, the first complete unit was unveiled and began testing on Bombardier's test track before being delivered for testing on the national network.<ref name="Derby"/> On the first public unveiling of the Class 378, TfL announced that it had reached an agreement to procure a further three dual-voltage units, taking the total number to 57. These units were intended to enhance the fleet once the [[South London line]] was brought under [[London Overground]]'s control.<ref name = "threemore 2009">{{cite magazine |last=Morrison |first=Brian |date=August 2009 |title=Mayor rides Class 378 – TfL orders three more |magazine= Modern Railways |location= London |page=8}}</ref>

In February 2013, approval was gained for the procurement of 57 additional vehicles, allowing the whole Class 378 fleet to be lengthened from four to five cars for greater capacity.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/london-overground-train-lengthening-approved.html |title=London Overground train lengthening approved |date=7 February 2013 |work=Railway Gazette |location=London |access-date=24 December 2013}}</ref> At the time, TfL's Business Plan called for five-car services to begin on the East London line from November 2014, while the rest of the electrified Overground network would follow by the end of 2015.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= London Overground goes for five cars |last=Turvill |first= Bill |page=88 |magazine=[[Modern Railways]] |date=March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tfl.gov.uk/travel-information/improvements-and-projects/london-overground-capacity |title=London Overground capacity |publisher=Transport for London |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150526184619/https://tfl.gov.uk/travel-information/improvements-and-projects/london-overground-capacity |archive-date=26 May 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In January 2016, TfL announced that all units were now in a five-car configuration.<ref name = "fivecar complete"/>

TfL had originally purchased the fleet outright, but in 2007 it completed a [[leaseback|sale and leaseback]] deal that saw ownership pass to QW Rail Leasing. The fifth cars were similarly transferred to QW in 2013, with both leases including an initial lease commitment until June 2027. In March 2023, TfL's finance committee was asked to approve plans to terminate these leases early so that the fleet could be repurchased by TfL, on the grounds that doing so would be cheaper and less risky than continuing the leases.<ref name="fc8mch">{{cite book |title=London Overground Class 378 Fleet Leases |date=8 March 2023 |publisher=Finance Committee, Transport for London |url=https://board.tfl.gov.uk/documents/s19641/fc-20230308-item13a-class378-lease-part1.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=2023/24 TfL Budget |date=29 March 2023 |publisher=Transport for London |page=24 |url=https://board.tfl.gov.uk/documents/s19826/TfL%20Budget%202023-24.pdf |chapter=Our capital programme}}</ref> As part of the request, it was stated that TfL's fleet strategy called for the Class 378 fleet to remain in service until it became life-expired in 2044.<ref name="fc8mch" /> This purchase was completed in summer 2023, at a cost of £281m.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lynch |first=Ben |date=12 July 2023 |title=London Overground: Rising interest rates behind unbudgeted £281m spend on trains, TfL confirms |url=https://www.londonworld.com/news/traffic-and-travel/london-overground-rising-interest-rates-behind-unbudgeted-ps281m-spend-on-trains-tfl-confirms-4216532 |access-date=15 November 2023 |website=London World}}</ref>

== Design and features ==
The ''Class 378 Capitalstar'' is a dual-voltage [[electric multiple-unit]] train (EMU), designed to be supplied via either the 750&nbsp;[[Volt|V]] [[Direct current|DC]] [[third rail]] or the {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[overhead line]]s.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/> It is a customised version of Bombardier's Electrostar family, aimed at the short-distance mass-transit end of the market. Following completion of five-car upgrades in 2016,<ref name = "fivecar complete"/> each unit is formed of a driving motor vehicle and an intermediate motor vehicle either side of an intermediate trailer. In Class 378/2 units, the intermediate trailer carries the pantograph and electrical transformer.

The interior of the train was designed to maximise passenger capacity. Traditional seating was eliminated and longitudinal seats adopted instead, along with wide areas around the doors to speed the entrance and exit of passengers.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/> Furthermore, a significant portion of each car is intended for use by standing passengers, and thus have grabrails and other holding points for such passengers to steady themselves, broadly similar to a [[London Underground]] tube train. The trains lack toilets, as the whole NLL line takes a little more than one hour to traverse from end to end.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/><ref name = "whatdotheyknow"/> In conjunction with the base internal configuration, the cars were outfitted with numerous modern amenities aimed at improving passenger comfort, such as [[air conditioning]], real-time [[passenger information system]]s, wheelchair accessibility (including the facilitating of level access), and different seat [[moquette]] colours to highlight priority seating.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/><ref name="Derby"/>

[[File:Class387 tunnel egress.jpg|left|thumb|[[Detrainment device]] after deployment from the nose door. The spotlight above the headlight cluster on the non-driving side provides illumination for the area at the foot of the steps.]]
To facilitate safe use in the narrow single-bore tunnels on the [[East London Line]], the units are provided with a [[detrainment device]] at each driver's cab in the form of folding stairs that deploy from the cab's nose door.<ref name="fc8mch" />

The train is equipped with sensors to detect how many people are in each coach, and automatically adjust how much energy is expended on heating a particular carriage based upon this capacity, among other intelligent management functions that are performed.<ref name = "benchmark mag2009"/> External [[Closed Circuit Television|CCTV]] is displayed automatically on releasing the doors via an in-cab monitor, removing the need for ''Driver-Only Operation'' (DOO) equipment such as monitors/mirrors at platforms. A somewhat similar arrangement to this had already come into use on [[Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway)|Southern's]] ''Electrostar'' units. Furthermore, in the event of a passenger operating an emergency alarm, the internal CCTV is automatically displayed on the in-cab monitor, allowing the driver to view the affected area of the train, while an [[intercom]] allows the driver to speak to the passenger.<ref name = "whatdotheyknow"/>

== Operations ==
The Class 378 was originally intended to enter service in January 2009. This schedule was delayed by seven months as a consequence of the [[great recession]] of 2008, which had forced several suppliers into [[bankruptcy]], resulting in a shortage of several components.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/london-overground-class-378-ready-to-enter-service/34212.article |title=London Overground Class 378 ready to enter service |work= Railway Gazette |location= London |date=14 July 2009}}</ref> This also affected delivery of the similar [[British Rail Class 377|Class 377/5]] units to [[First Capital Connect]]. As a result, the first Class 378 unit did not enter service until 29 July 2009.<ref name = "threemore 2009"/>

[[File:Unit 378146 near Hoxton.jpg|thumb|Class 378 approaching [[Hoxton]], with [[City of London]] skyline beyond]]
During 2011, several Class 378s suffered unplanned shutdowns while operating along the North London Line. The cause was found to be harmonic interference generated by passing {{brc|92|c}} locomotives, which occasionally traverse the line for freight movements. The problem was permanently resolved after Bombardier altered the interference tolerance settings.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=March 2011 |title= Class 92 shuts down 378s – solution found |magazine= Modern Railways |location= London |issue=750 |page=9}}</ref>

During January 2016, TfL announced the completion for work to extend all 57 units into a five-car configuration.<ref name = "fivecar complete">{{cite magazine |url= http://www.railmagazine.com/news/fleet/2016/01/11/five-car-378s-boost-lo-capacity |title=Five-car '378s' boost LO capacity |magazine=Rail |location= Peterborough |date=January 2016}}</ref> In December 2018, unit 378232 was shortened back to four cars to run on the [[Gospel Oak to Barking line]] while delays to delivery of {{BRC|710}} were resolved. 378206 and 378209 were also shortened to four carriages to work as temporary cover while the diesel-powered [[British Rail Class 172|Class 172]]s were withdrawn.<ref>{{cite press release |url= https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2019/january/modified-electric-trains-to-be-used-temporarily-on-london-overground-s-gospel-oak-to-barking-line |title=Modified electric trains to be used temporarily on London Overground's Gospel Oak to Barking line |date=25 January 2019 |publisher= Transport for London |access-date=26 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.railmagazine.com/research-hub/reference/new-trains-but-often-the-same-old-problems |title=New trains… but often the same old problems |magazine=Rail |location= Peterborough |date=9 February 2020 |first=Richard |last=Clinnick}}</ref>

In July 2015, London Overground announced an order for 45 new [[British Rail Class 710|Class 710]] units, some of which would displace the Class 378s in use on the Watford DC line. These displaced units will then be cascaded to strengthen services on the other lines the units are used on.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.europeanrailwayreview.com/24182/rail-industry-news/bombardier-to-supply-and-maintain-180-aventra-vehicles-london-overground/ |title=Bombardier to supply and maintain 180 AVENTRA vehicles for London Overground |last1=Sadler |first1=Katie |date=3 July 2015 |work= European Railway Review |access-date=15 September 2015 }}</ref> Three years later, London Overground began a programme to refresh the Class 378 fleet, giving them a livery and [[moquette]] similar to that of the newer Class 710 fleet.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Christie |first1=Tony |date=December 2018 |title=Stock Changes |magazine=Today's Railways |location= Sheffield |issue=204 |pages=75 }}</ref>

During January 2018, the Class 378 fleet was temporarily withdrawn from service for urgent safety inspections after one unit suffered a failed [[brake caliper]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2018/01/safety-concerns-ground-london-overground-378-trains.html |title= Safety Concerns Ground London Overground 378 Trains |work= railadvent.co.uk |date=13 January 2018 |first=Michael |last=Holden}}</ref>

== Fleet ==
[[File:British Rail Class 378 Train in Richmond station, London-8Oct2009.jpg|thumb|right|Class 378 awaiting departure at [[Richmond (London) station|Richmond]]]]
The Class 378 fleet is currently formed of two separate subclasses, DC-only 378/1 and dual-voltage (AC and DC) Class 378/2:

* Class 378/1 – 20 four-car units were ordered. These units operate services on the extended East London Line, and are 750 V DC only. These trains, which are designated Class 378/1, replaced the [[London Underground A60 Stock|A60/A62 Stock]] previously used on the line. They entered service on 27 April 2010, on the preview service between Dalston Junction and New Cross / New Cross Gate. The service was extended to Crystal Palace and West Croydon on 23 May 2010. In common with all trains in the ''Electrostar'' family, these DC-only 378/1 units have a recessed roof space for the fitting of a pantograph and other equipment for dual-voltage working in the future if necessary. The [[Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway)|Southern]] services on the [[South London line]] were withdrawn in 2012 and replaced by a new [[London Overground]] service operated using new air-conditioned 4-car Class 378 units.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/15401.aspx |title=London Overground Clapham Junction to Surrey Quays |date=2010 |website=Transport for London |series=Projects and schemes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907162133/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/15401.aspx |archive-date=7 September 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=19 July 2012}}</ref>
* Class 378/2 – 37 dual-voltage four-car units ordered for the North London, West London, Watford DC, East London lines. These units have dual-voltage capability, taking current at 25 kV AC from overhead wires or 750 V DC from third rail. These trains replaced the [[British Rail Class 313|Class 313]] and [[British Rail Class 508|Class 508]] units in 2010. The first 24 units were originally three-car units designated Class 378/0 (378001-378024) and were redesignated Class 378/2 (renumbered 378201–378224) as each unit received its additional carriage in late 2010. The remaining 13 units (378225-378234 and 378255–378257) were built as four-car Class 378/2s from the outset.

{|class="wikitable"
|+ style="text-align: left;" | Units:
!Class
!Operator
!Qty.
!Year built
!Cars
!Unit nos.
!Routes
!Notes
|-
!378/1
|rowspan=3 align=center |London Overground
|align=center|20
|align=center|2009–2010
|rowspan="3" align=center|5
|378135–378154
|{{ubl|{{nowrap|[[East London line]]}}|{{nowrap|[[South London line]]}}}}
|colspan=2|Third-rail only.
|-
!rowspan=2|378/2
|align=center|24
|align=center|2008–2010
|378201–378224
|rowspan=2|{{ubl|{{nowrap|[[North London line]]}}|{{nowrap|[[West London line]]}}|{{nowrap|[[East London line]]}}|{{nowrap|[[South London line]]}}|{{nowrap|[[Watford DC line]]}}}}
|Dual-voltage units. Originally built as three-car {{avoid wrap|Class 378/0}} (378001–378024).
|-
|align=center|13
|align=center|2010–2011
|378225–378234, {{avoid wrap|378255–378257}}
|Dual-voltage units.
|}

===Illustration===
{{Wide image|London Overground Class 378-1.png|x60px|Illustration of a London Overground Class 378/1 unit}}

===Named units===
Named units are as follows:<ref name="Platform 5 Books -EMUS">{{cite book |last1=Pritchard |first1=Robert |title=Electric multiple units 2021 : including multiple unit formations & EMUs in industrial service. |date=2020 |publisher=Platform 5 Books |location=Sheffield |isbn=9781909431645 |page=61 |edition=34th (2021)}}</ref>
*378135: ''Daks Hamilton''
*378136: ''[[Transport for London]]''<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Stock Update |magazine=The Railway Magazine |issue=1455 |date=June 2022 |page=85}}</ref>
*378204: ''[[Peter Hall (urbanist) |Professor Sir Peter Hall]]''
*378205: ''Every Story Matters #LondonForEveryone'' (also carries a special livery to commemorate the [[LGBTQ+ community]])<ref>{{cite web |title=TfL unveils new Pride design for bus and trains |url=https://londonnewsonline.co.uk/tfl-unveils-new-pride-design-for-bus-and-trains/ |date=26 June 2023 |website=South London News |accessdate=26 June 2023}}</ref>
*378211: ''Gary Hunter''<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Depot Talk |magazine=Rail Express |issue=314 |date=July 2022 |page=28}}</ref>
*378232: ''Jeff Langston''
*378233: ''Ian Brown CBE''

== See also ==
* [[British Rail Class 376]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category-inline}}

{{Bombardier Turbostar, Electrostar and Alstom Aventra families}}
{{British Rail EMU}}
{{London Overground navbox}}

[[Category:British Rail electric multiple units|378]]
[[Category:Bombardier Transportation multiple units]]
[[Category:London Overground]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Train-related introductions in 2009]]
[[Category:25 kV AC multiple units]]
[[Category:750 V DC multiple units]]
{{Навигационная таблица/Портал/Английская Википедия}}
[[Категория:Английская Википедия]]
[[Категория:Википедия]]
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