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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Subway system of Busan, South Korea}}
{{Refimprove|date=July 2014}}
{{Infobox public transit
| box_width = 305px
| name = Busan Metro
| image = South Korea subway logo.svg
| imagesize = 75px
| image2 = File:Busan-subway-2000-27th-unit-20090223.jpg
| imagesize2 = 300px
| caption2 = Train on Busan Metro Line 2
| native_name = 부산 도시철도<br />釜山都市鐵道<br />''Busan dosicheoldo''
| owner = City of Busan
| locale = [[Busan]], [[South Korea]]
| transit_type = [[Rapid transit]], [[Commuter rail]]
| lines = 6
| stations = 114 (metro ''only'')<br />158 (incl. [[Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit|BGL]], [[Donghae Line]])
| ridership = 938,000 (2019, metro ''only'')<ref name="2019 ridership">{{Cite web |url=https://www.humetro.busan.kr/homepage/default/board/view.do?board_no=2001IJS5MZ&conf_no=81&menu_no=1001040201&c_page=4&geulmeori=&search_key=jemok&keyword= |title=2019년 12월 도시철도 수송실적입니다 |website=Busan Transportation Corporation |date=January 16, 2020 |access-date=May 20, 2020}}</ref>
| annual_ridership = 343,000,000 (2019, metro ''only'')<ref name="2019 ridership" />
| began_operation = 19 July 1985
| operator = [[Busan Transportation Corporation]]<br /> [[Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit Operation Corporation|B&G Metro]]<br /> [[Korail]]
| marks = 
| vehicles = 
| system_length = {{convert|116.5|km|abbr=on}} (metro ''only'')<br />{{convert|205.6|km|abbr=on}} (incl. [[Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit|BGL]], [[Donghae Line]])
| track_gauge = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.bngmetro.co.kr/sub/01_01.jsp |title=B&G Metro - Introduction - Light Rail Vehicles |access-date=2014-08-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208084849/http://en.bngmetro.co.kr/sub/01_01.jsp |archive-date=2014-12-08 }}</ref>
| el = 
| map = [[File:Busan_metro_now.svg|295px]]
| map_state = 
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
|title=Busan Metro
|image=
|hangul={{linktext|부산 |도시|철도}}
|hanja ={{linktext|釜山|都市|鐵道}}
|rr=Busan dosicheoldo
|mr=Pusan tosich'ŏlto
|}}
[[File:Busan Metro Map Geographical.png|300px|thumb|Geographically accurate map of Busan Metro]]
The '''Busan Metro''' ({{korean|hangul=부산 도시철도|hanja=釜山都市鐵道|rr=Busan dosicheoldo}}) is the [[Urban rail transit|urban rail]] system operated by the [[Busan Transportation Corporation]] of [[Busan]], [[South Korea]]. The metro network first opened in 1985 with seventeen stations, making Busan the second city in South Korea and third in the Korean Peninsula (after Seoul and Pyongyang) to have a metro system. The Metro itself consists of 4 numbered lines, covering {{convert|116.5|km|mi}} of route and serving 114 stations. Including the [[Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit|BGL]] and the [[Donghae Line]], the network covers {{convert|205.6|km|mi}} of route and serving 158 stations. 

All directional signs on the Busan Metro are written in both [[Korean language|Korean]] and [[English language|English]], and the voice announcement in the trains indicating the upcoming station, possible line transfer and exiting side are all spoken in Korean, followed by English. Announcements at stations for arriving trains are in Korean, followed by English, then [[Japanese language|Japanese]] and [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]. All stations are numbered and the first numeral of the number is the same as the line number, e.g. station 123 is on line 1.

The Metro map includes information on which station, and which numbered exit from that station, to use for main attractions. Photography in the Busan Metro is permitted.

==Lines==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
! width = "125pt" | Operator
! width = "95pt" | Line Name<br /><small>[[English language|English]]</small>
! width = "115pt" | Line Name<br /><small>[[Korean language|Korean]]</small>
! width = "110pt" | Starting Station
! width = "110pt" | Ending Station
! width = "100pt" | Opening Year
! width = "100pt" | Last extension
! width = "70pt"  | Stations<ref name="map">{{cite web |url=http://www.humetro.busan.kr/english/03/01_01.php |title=Route Map > Integrated Route Map |publisher=Busan Transportation Corporation |access-date=2014-08-11}}</ref>
! width = "100pt" | Total Length<ref name="timeline" />
|- style = "background:#606060; height: 2pt"
| colspan = "9" |
|-
| style="text-align:left" rowspan="4" | [[File:Busan Subway logo.svg|16px|link=Busan Transportation Corporation]] [[Busan Transportation Corporation|BTC]]
| <div class="center">{{rcb|Busan Metro|1|inline=yes}}</div>
| {{lang|ko|1호선}}
| [[Dadaepo Beach station|Dadaepo Beach]]
| [[Nopo station|Nopo]]
| 1985
| 2017
| 40
| 40.5&nbsp;km
|-
| <div class="center">{{rcb|Busan Metro|2|inline=yes}}</div>
| {{lang|ko|2호선}}
| [[Jangsan station|Jangsan]]
| [[Yangsan station|Yangsan]]
| 1999
| 2008
| 43
| 45.2&nbsp;km
|-
| <div class="center">{{rcb|Busan Metro|3|inline=yes}}</div>
| {{lang|ko|3호선}}
| [[Suyeong station|Suyeong]]
| [[Daejeo station|Daejeo]]
| 2005
| -
| 17
| 18.1&nbsp;km
|-
| <div class="center">{{rcb|Busan Metro|4|inline=yes}}</div>
| {{lang|ko|4호선}}
| [[Minam station|Minam]]
| [[Anpyeong station|Anpyeong]]
| 2011
| -
| 14
| 12.7&nbsp;km
|-
|colspan="7" align="left"|'''Subtotal'''
|'''114'''
|'''116.5 km'''
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit Operation Corporation|B&G Metro]]
| <div class="center">{{rcb|Busan Metro|bugim|inline=yes}}</div>
| {{lang|ko|부산-김해 <br />경전철}}
| [[Sasang LRT station|Sasang]]
| [[Kaya University LRT station|Kaya University]]
| 2011
| -
| 21
| 23.4&nbsp;km
|-
| style="text-align:left" | {{nowrap|[[File:Korail logo.svg|100x12px|link=Korail]]}}
| <div class="center">{{rcb|Busan Metro|Donghae|inline=yes}}</div>
| {{lang|ko|동해선}}
| [[Bujeon station (Korail)|Bujeon]]
| [[Taehwagang station|Taehwagang]]
| 2016
| 2021
| 23
| 65.7&nbsp;km
|-
|colspan="7" align="left"|'''Grand Total'''
|'''158'''
|'''205.6 km'''
|}

===Line 1===
[[Image:Busan metro station.jpg|thumb|180px|Sign outside [[Seomyeon station]], the transfer station between Line 1 and Line 2]]

{{Main|Busan Metro Line 1}}
Busan Metro Line 1 (1호선) is the north-south route. It is {{convert|39.8|km|mi|adj=on}} long with 40 stations.<ref name="timeline" /> The line uses trains that have eight cars each. The total construction cost was 975.1&nbsp;billion [[South Korean won|won]].

Plans for this line were made in 1979. Two years later, in 1981, construction began on the first phase, between Nopo-Dong (now Nopo) and Beomnaegol, which was finished in July 1985. This stretch was {{convert|16.2|km|mi|adj=on}} long. Further extensions continued southward: a {{convert|5.4|km|mi|adj=on}} extension from Beomnaegol to Jungang-dong (now Jungang) opened in May 1987; a {{convert|4.5|km|mi|adj=on}} extension to Seodaeshin-dong (now Seodaeshin) opened in February 1990; and a {{convert|6.4|km|mi|adj=on}} extension to Shinpyeong opened in June 1994.<ref name="timeline">{{cite web |url=http://www.humetro.busan.kr/english/01/01_03.php |title=Introduction > History |publisher=Busan Transportation Corporation |year=2011 |access-date=2014-08-11}}</ref>

The extension of the line further into [[Saha-gu]] from Shinpyeong to Dadaepo Beach {{convert|7.3|km|mi|adj=on}} was finished in mid-April 2017.

===Line 2===
[[File:Busan Transportation Corporation.JPG|thumb|180px|The headquarters of the [[Busan Transportation Corporation]], the operator of Lines 1-4]]
{{Main|Busan Metro Line 2}}
Busan Metro Line 2 (2호선) crosses Busan from east to west, running along the shores of [[Haeundae Beach|Haeundae]] and [[Gwangalli]], and then north toward [[Yangsan]]. It is {{convert|46.0|km|mi|adj=on}} long, serving 43 stations. The line uses trains that have six cars each.

Construction on the Phase 1 began in 1991. But this {{convert|21.7|km|mi|adj=on}} route, serving 21 stations between Hopo and Seomyeon, did not open until 30 June 1999. With Phase 2 (planned to be {{convert|16.3|km|mi}} in total), the line was first extended {{convert|7.7|km|mi}} southeast from Seomyeon to Geumnyeonsan on 8 August 2001. The remainder of Phase 2 was implemented in two stages: Line 2 was extended {{convert|1.8|km|abbr=on}} north to Gwangan on January 16, 2002, and finally on 29 August 2002 it was extended {{convert|6.8|km|mi}} east to Jangsan.<ref name="timeline" />

Phase 3, started in 1998, extends Line 2 north from Hopo more into the city of [[Yangsan]]. The phase was originally supposed to add another {{convert|11.3|km|mi}} to the line, with an additional seven stations. On 10 January 2003, Line 2 was extended {{convert|8|km|mi}} to the current terminus of Yangsan, but with only three of the originally planned seven stations in operation. Pusan National University Yangsan Campus Station, which was the fourth station to open in Phase 3, opened on 1 October 2009.<ref name="timeline" /> The city of [[Yangsan]] subsequently gave up on finishing the extension and building the last three stations.

In 2014, Munjeon station was renamed to [[Busan International Finance Center–Busan Bank station]]

An extension of Line 2 towards the eastern extremity of [[Haeundae-gu]] is planned. If this extension opens, then 4 new stations will be added to Line 2.

===Line 3===
{{Main|Busan Metro Line 3}}
Busan Metro Line 3 (3호선) construction began in November 1997.  Opening was delayed many times, but the Line 3 finally started service on 28 November 2005, with an {{convert|18.3|km|mi|adj=on}} long stretch<ref name="timeline" /> serving 17 stations.  Line 3 uses 4-car trains.  The first phase's estimated construction cost was 1,688.6&nbsp;billion won, with the second phase split off into [[Busan Metro Line 4|Line 4]].

Following the "[[Daegu subway fire|Daegu Subway Fire]]" in 2003, it was decided during construction to install screen doors to all station platforms on Line 3. This was one of the first lines in Korea and in the world that have [[Platform Screen Doors|screen doors]] installed in every station. Line 3 significantly improved the metro transportation system by connecting the Suyeong and Yeonsan-dong region, as well as the Yeonsan-dong and Deokcheon region.

===Line 4===
{{Main|Busan Metro Line 4}}
Busan Metro Line 4, also called the ''Bansong Line'', is a [[rubber-tyred metro]] system that serves north-central and northeastern [[Busan]]. The line was originally planned as an extension of Line 3.  Using [[automated guideway transit]] technology and extending from Minam to Anpyeong, Line 4 includes 14 stations and {{convert|12.7|km|mi}} of route.<ref name="timeline" /> Originally scheduled to open in 2008, the line opened on 30 March 2011.<ref name="timeline" />  Of the 14 stations, 8 are underground, 1 is ground-level, and 5 are above-ground. Each train operates with 6 cars, though each car on Line 4 is significantly shorter than the cars used on the other lines in the Busan Metro system.

===Busan-Gimhae LRT (BGL)===
{{Main|Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit}}
The Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit is a [[light metro]] system that connects the city of [[Busan]] to the neighboring city of [[Gimhae]]. The line opened on 9 September 2011. It is operated by [[B&G Metro]]. The line has 21 stations, including two stations, [[Daejeo LRT Station|Daejeo]] and [[Sasang LRT Station|Sasang]], where one can transfer to [[Busan Metro Line 3|Line 3]] and [[Busan Metro Line 2|Line 2]] respectively. The line serves as inner-city transit for both [[Busan]] and [[Gimhae]], an inter-city network linking [[Gimhae]] and [[Busan]], and a new way to get to [[Gimhae International Airport]].

All of the 21 stations are above-ground, and each train has 2 cars.

===Donghae Line===
{{Main|Donghae Line}}
Railway line along the coast being upgraded for [[Commuter rail|commuter]] service, with trains every 30 min (15 min peak), was extended to Taehwagang Station in Ulsan by 2021.

==Fares==
[[File:BUTA 1100.JPG|thumb|right|Busan Metro ticket]]
A single ride fare (as of  1 June 2014) is 1300 [[South Korean won|won]] for a destination within less than {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} and 1500 won for any other destinations. Tickets are sold at [[ticket machine|ticket vending machines]] with most machines accepting 1000 won notes as well as coins. Tickets are to be kept since they are required to leave the station once reaching destination, and getting caught "jumping the gate" will result in a hefty fine.

The use of a metro pass, either a [[Hanaro Card]] (하나로카드) or a [[Mybi|Digital Busan Card]] (디지털부산카드) will offer a fare discount of 10% to adults and 20% to youth of 13-18 of age. Both the ''Hanaro'' and the ''Digital Busan'' cards, are available in either card format or a more compact, yet slightly more expensive [[Mobile phone|cell phone]] accessory format. The passes are equipped with a [[Integrated circuit|microchip]] and are scanned by laying them against sensor plates at the entrance and exit of stations. This makes them more efficient than [[magnetic stripe card]]s since they can be detected through a wallet or purse. Hanaro Cards are for sale at all stations for 2000 won. All type of passes can have credit added to them in any station at the "''Automatic Charge Machine''" (교통카드 자동 보충기); the instructions are available in both English and Korean. The passes can also be used to pay for bus fares and for purchases on specially equipped [[vending machine]]s throughout the city.

==Proposed improvements and expansions==
[[File:Busan metro fu.svg|thumb|421x421px|Busan Metro (Future)]]
* An upgrade to the [[Gyeongjeon Line]] is under construction, between [[Bujeon station (Korail)|Bujeon]] and [[Masan Station|Masan]]. The line will have a length of 50km and 10 stations, and is planned to open in December 2022. As the service will be similar to the [[Donghae Line]], with some characteristics of commuter rail, there are also proposals for these two sections to merge, with a Gyeongjeon-Donghae Line offering service from [[Masan Station|Masan]] in [[Changwon]] to [[Taehwagang station|Taehwagang]] in [[Ulsan]], passing through Busan.
* The [[Donghae Line]] will be further extended from [[Taehwagang station|Taehwagang]] to [[Bugulsan Station|Bugulsan]], with the extension completed by 2025.
* [[Sasang-Hadan Line|Busan Metro Line 5]] is a [[light metro]] connecting [[Sasang Station (Busan Metro)|Sasang]] and  [[Hadan station (Busan Metro)|Hadan]], which is planned for completion in 2023. The line will have 7 stations and a length of 6.9km. There are further plans for additional expansions to the line to the south-west.
* A light rail line ([[Yangsan Metro]]) that connects [[Nopo station|Nopo]] of Line 1 to [[Yangsan Sports Complex station|Yangsan Sports Complex]] of Line 2 and ends further away in [[Yangsan]] is under construction. The line is expected to be completed by 2023.
* [[Busan Metro Line 2]] will be expanded from [[Jangsan Station]] to East Busan Tourism Complex in [[Gijang County]].

==DMB service==
On May 25, 2006, [[TU Media]] started to serve the entire metro network with [[Digital Multimedia Broadcasting|S-DMB]] service. The current S-DMB transmission allow subscriber to receive television and radio reception on hand-held device such as [[cell-phone]]. With an investment of 11 billion [[South Korean won|won]] TU Media installed 530 signal emitters to provide seamless reception in the entire underground system.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=46786| title=KOREA: Satellite DMB launched on Busan subway lines| date=May 26, 2006| work=Asia News Daily| author=Hwang Si-young| access-date=February 3, 2009| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520083344/http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=46786| archive-date=May 20, 2011}}</ref>

== Network Map ==
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid   = Q51972
| frame-lat    = 35.2
| frame-long   = 129.1
| frame-width  = 750
| frame-height = 470
| zoom         = 11
| length       = yes
}}


==See also==
* [[Rapid transit in South Korea]]
* [[List of metro systems]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
*[http://www.humetro.busan.kr/korea/05/05_03.php Construction plan], Busan Transportation Corporation {{in lang|ko}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Busan Metro}}
*[http://www.humetro.busan.kr/english/main.do Busan Transportation Corporation – official website] {{in lang|en}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120328092928/http://en.bngmetro.co.kr/main/ M&G Metro Corporation – official website] {{in lang|en}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210228/http://www.letsbusan.com/?lang=e Busan Subway Transit Search]{{in lang|en}}

{{Busan Metro
|line1=yes
|line2=yes
|line3=yes
|line4=yes
|bgl=yes
|donghae=yes
}}
{{Korea rapid transit}}
{{Rapid transit in Asia}}
[[Category:Busan Metro| ]]
[[Category:Underground rapid transit in South Korea]]
[[Category:Transport in Busan]]
[[Category:Train-related introductions in 1985]]
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