Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Buzău County

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|County of Romania}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2011}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Buzău County
| native_name             = Județul Buzău
 | settlement_type                = County 
 | image_skyline                  = RO BZ Lacul Siriu.JPG
 | image_caption                  = [[Lake Siriu]]
 | image_flag                     =
 | flag_link                      =
 | image_shield                   = Actual Buzău county CoA.png
 | shield_link                    = Coat of arms of Buzău County
 | image_map                      = Buzau in Romania.svg
 | map_caption                    =
 | subdivision_type               = Country
 | subdivision_name               = Romania
 | subdivision_type1              = Development region<sup>1</sup>
 | subdivision_name1              = [[Sud-Est (development region)|Sud-Est]]
 | subdivision_type2              = Historic region
 | subdivision_name2              = [[Muntenia]]
 | subdivision_type3              = Capital city (''Reședință de județ'')
 | subdivision_name3              = [[Buzău]]
 | government_footnotes           =
 | government_type                = County Board
 | leader_party 	          = [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|PSD]]
 | leader_title 	          = President of the County Board
 | leader_name 	                  = Petre Emanoil Neagu
 | leader_title1                  = Prefect<sup>2</sup>
 | leader_name1                   = Carmen Ichim
 | established_title              =
 | established_date               =
 | area_magnitude                 =
 | area_total_km2                 = 6103
 | area_rank                      = [[List of Romanian counties by area|17th in Romania]]
 | area_land_km2                  =
 | area_water_km2                 =
 | area_total_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_land_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_water_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_water_percent 	          =
 | area_urban_km2 	          =
 | area_urban_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_metro_km2                 =
 | area_metro_sq_mi               =
 | elevation_footnotes            =
 | elevation_m                    =
 | elevation_ft                   =
 | coordinates                    = {{coord|45.27|26.77|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
|population_total       = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population_as_of       = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population_footnotes   = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
 | population_rank                = [[List of Romanian counties by population|18th in Romania]]
 | population_density_km2         = 81
 | population_density_sq_mi       =
 | population_metro 	          =
 | population_density_metro_km2   =
 | population_density_metro_sq_mi =
 | population_urban 	          =
 | population_density_urban_km2   =
 | population_density_urban_sq_mi =
 | population_note                =
 | timezone         	          = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
 | utc_offset 	                  = +2
 | timezone_DST 	          = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
 | utc_offset_DST         	  = +3
 | postal_code_type 	          = [[List of postal codes in Romania|Postal Code]]
 | postal_code         	          = 12wxyz<sup>3</sup>
 | area_code 	                  = [[Romania telephone area codes|+40 x38]]<sup>4</sup>
 | blank_name 	                  = [[Romanian car number plates|Car Plates]]
 | blank_info                     = BZ<sup>5</sup>
 | blank1_name                    = GDP
 | blank1_info                    = US$2.561&nbsp;billion (''2015'')
 | blank2_name                    = GDP/[[per capita]]
 | blank2_info                    = US$5,927 (''2015'')
 | footnotes 	                  = <sup>1</sup>The developing regions of Romania have no administrative role. They were formed just to attract funds from the [[European Union]]<br /><sup>2</sup> as of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He (or she) is not allowed to be a member of a political party, and is banned to have any political activity in the first six months after the resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps<br /><sup>3</sup>w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address<br /><sup>4</sup>x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator, [[Romtelecom]], and 3 for the other ground telephone networks<br /><sup>5</sup>used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles, [[All-terrain vehicle|ATV]]s, etc.), and the ones used outside the county
 | website                        = [http://www.cjbuzau.ro County Board]<br />[http://www.prefecturabuzau.ro County Prefecture]
}}

'''Buzău County''' ({{IPA-ro|buˈzəw|-|Ro-Buzău.ogg}}) is a county ([[județ]]) of [[Romania]], in the [[Historical regions of Romania|historical region]] [[Muntenia]], with the capital city at [[Buzău]].

== Demographics ==

In 2011, it had a population of 432,054 and the population density was 70.7/km<sup>2</sup>.

* [[Romanians]] – 97%<ref>National Institute of Statistics, ''[http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40a.pdf "Populația după etnie"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816034908/http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40a.pdf |date=16 August 2009 }}''</ref>
* [[Romani people|Romani]] – under 3% declared and [[Minorities of Romania|others]]

{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! County population<ref>National Institute of Statistics, ''[http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/18.pdf "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922081325/http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/18.pdf |date=22 September 2006 }}''</ref>
|-
! 1948
| 430,225 {{steady}}
|-
! 1956
| 465,829 {{increase}}
|-
! 1966
| 480,951 {{increase}}
|-
! 1977
| 508,424 {{increase}}
|-
! 1992
| 516,307 {{increase}}
|-
! 2002
| 496,214 {{decrease}}
|-
! 2011
| 432,054 {{decrease}}
|-
! [[2021 Romanian census|2021]]
| 404,979 {{decrease}}
|}

== Geography ==
This county has a total area of 6,103&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.

In the North Side there are the mountains from the southern end of the [[Eastern Carpathians]] group – the [[Vrancea Mountains]] and the [[Buzău Mountains]] with heights over 1,700 m.  The heights decrease in the South and East passing through the subcarpathian hills to the [[Bărăgan Plain]] at about 80 m.

The main river crossing the county is the [[Buzău River]] which collects many small rivers from the mountains and flows to the East into the [[Siret River]].

=== Neighbours ===
{{Romanian counties map|width=250px}}
* [[Brăila County]] to the east.
* [[Prahova County]] and [[Brașov County]] to the west.
* [[Covasna County]] and [[Vrancea County]] to the north.
* [[Ialomița County]] to the south.

== Economy ==
The predominant industries in the county are:
* Mechanical components; railway and automotive components
* Metallurgical parts
* Glass
* Food
* Textiles
* Wood

The hilly area is well-suited for wines and fruit orchards. Salt and oil are the main resources extracted in the county.

== Tourism ==
[[Image:Măgura sculpture camp.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Măgura sculpture camp]]
The main tourist destinations are:
* The city of [[Buzău]].
* The [[Vrancea Mountains]] and [[Buzău Mountains]].
* The [[Berca Mud Volcanoes]]
* The amber museum in [[Colți]]
* The [[Ciolanu Monastery]] and the [[Măgura, Buzău|Măgura]] sculpture camp
* The [[Rătești Monastery]]
* The [[Balta Albă, Buzău|Amara]] Resort.
* The [[Sărata-Monteoru]] Resort.

==Politics==
The Buzău County Council, renewed at the [[2020 Romanian local elections|2020 local elections]], consists of 32 counsellors, with the following party composition:<ref>{{Cite web|language=ro|url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/data/json/sicpv/pv/pv_vs_final.json|format=Json|title=Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020|publisher=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă|access-date=2020-11-02}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="21" | Current County Council
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''21'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''7'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}} &nbsp;
| &nbsp;
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|-
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| [[People's Movement Party]] (PMP)
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}} &nbsp;
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|}

== Administrative divisions ==
{{See also|List of settlements in Buzău County}}

[[File:RO BZ Courthouse 2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Buzău]]]]
[[File:RSCityHall.JPG|thumb|right|[[Râmnicu Sărat]]]]

Buzău County has 2 municipalities, 3 towns and 82 communes.
*Municipalities
**[[Buzău]] – capital city; population: 108,384 (as of 2011)
**[[Râmnicu Sărat]]
*Towns
**[[Nehoiu]]
**[[Pătârlagele]]
**[[Pogoanele]]
{{div col|colwidth=13em}}
*Communes
**[[Amaru, Buzău|Amaru]]
**[[Bălăceanu]]
**[[Balta Albă, Buzău|Balta Albă]]
**[[Beceni]]
**[[Berca]]
**[[Bisoca]]
**[[Blăjani]]
**[[Boldu]]
**[[Bozioru]]
**[[Brădeanu]]
**[[Brăești, Buzău|Brăești]]
**[[Breaza, Buzău|Breaza]]
**[[Buda, Buzău|Buda]]
**[[C. A. Rosetti, Buzău|C.A. Rosetti]]
**[[Calvini]]
**[[Cănești]]
**[[Cătina, Buzău|Cătina]]
**[[Cernătești, Buzău|Cernătești]]
**[[Chiliile]]
**[[Chiojdu]]
**[[Cilibia, Buzău|Cilibia]]
**[[Cislău]]
**[[Cochirleanca]]
**[[Colți]]
**[[Costești, Buzău|Costești]]
**[[Cozieni]]
**[[Florica]]
**[[Gălbinași, Buzău|Gălbinași]]
**[[Gherăseni]]
**[[Ghergheasa]]
**[[Glodeanu Sărat]]
**[[Glodeanu-Siliștea]]
**[[Grebănu]]
**[[Gura Teghii]]
**[[Largu]]
**[[Lopătari]]
**[[Luciu]]
**[[Măgura, Buzău|Măgura]]
**[[Mărăcineni, Buzău|Mărăcineni]]
**[[Mărgăritești]]
**[[Mânzălești]]
**[[Merei]]
**[[Mihăilești, Buzău|Mihăilești]]
**[[Movila Banului]]
**[[Murgești]]
**[[Năeni]]
**[[Odăile]]
**[[Padina, Buzău|Padina]]
**[[Pardoși]]
**[[Pănătău]]
**[[Pârscov]]
**[[Pietroasele]]
**[[Podgoria]]
**[[Poșta Câlnău]]
**[[Puiești, Buzău|Puiești]]
**[[Racovițeni]]
**[[Râmnicelu, Buzău|Râmnicelu]]
**[[Robeasca]]
**[[Rușețu]]
**[[Săgeata]]
**[[Săhăteni]]
**[[Săpoca]]
**[[Sărulești, Buzău|Sărulești]]
**[[Scorțoasa]]
**[[Scutelnici]]
**[[Siriu]]
**[[Smeeni]]
**[[Stâlpu]]
**[[Tisău]]
**[[Topliceni]]
**[[Țintești]]
**[[Ulmeni, Buzău|Ulmeni]]
**[[Unguriu]]
**[[Vadu Pașii]]
**[[Valea Râmnicului]]
**[[Valea Salciei]]
**[[Vâlcelele, Buzău|Vâlcelele]]
**[[Vernești]]
**[[Vintilă Vodă]]
**[[Viperești]]
**[[Zărnești, Buzău|Zărnești]]
**[[Ziduri]]

{{div col end}}

==Historical county==
{{Infobox settlement
 | official_name                  = Județul Buzău
 | other_name                     =
 | settlement_type                = County (''Județ'')
 | image_skyline                  =RO BZ Palat Comunal frontal straight cloudy.jpg
 | image_caption                  =The Buzău County prefecture building of the interwar period.
 | image_flag                     =
 | flag_link                      =
 | image_shield                   = Interbelic Buzau County CoA.png
 | shield_link                    =
 | image_map                      = Romania 1930 county Buzau.png
 | map_caption                    =
 | subdivision_type               = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
 | subdivision_name               = [[Image:Flag of Romania.svg|25px]] [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]]
 | subdivision_type2              = Historic region
 | subdivision_name2              = [[Dobrogea]]
 | subdivision_type3              = Capital city (''Reședință de județ'')
 | subdivision_name3              = [[Buzău]]
 | government_footnotes           =
 | government_type                =
 | leader_party 	          =
 | leader_title 	          = [[Prefect (Romania)|Prefect]]
 | leader_name 	                  =
 | leader_title1                  =
 | leader_name1                   =
 | established_title              = Established
 | established_date               = 
 | established_title2             = Ceased to exist
 | established_date2              = 
 | area_magnitude                 =
 | area_total_km2                 = 4936
 | area_land_km2                  = 
 | area_water_km2                 =
 | area_total_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_land_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_water_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_water_percent 	          =
 | area_urban_km2 	          =
 | area_urban_sq_mi 	          =
 | area_metro_km2                 =
 | area_metro_sq_mi               =
 | elevation_footnotes            =
 | elevation_m                    =
 | elevation_ft                   =
 | latd 	                  =
 | latm 	                  =
 | lats 	                  =
 | latNS 	                  =
 | longd 	                  =
 | longm 	                  =
 | longs 	                  =
 | longEW                         =
 | population_as_of 	          = 1930
 | population_footnotes           =
 | population_total 	          = 309405
 | population_density_km2         =auto
 | population_density_sq_mi       =
 | population_metro 	          =
 | population_density_metro_km2   =
 | population_density_metro_sq_mi =
 | population_urban 	          =
 | population_density_urban_km2   =
 | population_density_urban_sq_mi =
 | population_note                =
 | timezone         	          = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
 | utc_offset 	                  = +2
 | timezone_DST 	          = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
 | utc_offset_DST         	  = +3
 | postal_code_type 	          =
 | postal_code         	          =
 | area_code 	                  =
 | blank_name 	                  =
 | blank_info                     =
 | footnotes 	                  =
 | website                        =
}}
Historically, the county was located in the central-southern part of [[Greater Romania]], in the northeastern part of the historical region of [[Muntenia]]. Its territory included the southern and western parts of today's Buzău County and several localities that are today in [[Prahova County]], including the town of [[Mizil]]. It was bordered on the west by [[Prahova County#Historical county|Prahova County]], to the north by the counties of [[Brașov County#Historical county|Brașov]], [[Trei Scaune County|Trei Scaune]], and [[Putna County|Putna]], to the east by the counties of [[Râmnicu Sărat County|Râmnicu Sărat]] and [[Brăila County#Historical county|Brăila]], and to the south by [[Ialomița County#Historical county|Ialomița County]].

===Administration===
[[File:1938 map of interwar county Buzau.jpg|thumb|right|275px|Map of Buzău County as constituted in 1938.]]
The county has seen multiple subdivisions administratively.

At the end of the 19th century, the county was subdivided into six districts (''[[plasă|plăși]]''):<ref name=MDGR>{{Cite book|title=Marele Dicționar Geografic al României|publisher=Stab. grafic J. V. Socecu|location=Bucharest|last=Lahovari|first=George Ioan|year=1899|volume=2|page=113|url=https://archive.org/details/mareledictionar00lahogoog}}</ref>
#Plasa Sărata, with the town of [[Buzău]] and 16 communes
#Plasa Câmpului, with 14 communes
#Plasa Tohani, with the town of [[Mizil]] and 17 communes
#Plasa Buzău, with 17 communes
#Plasa Pârscov, with 16 communes
#Plasa Slănic, with 19 communes

In the interwar period, the territory of the county was initially divided into four districts:<ref name=Memoria>[http://romaniainterbelica.memoria.ro/judete/buzau/ Portretul României Interbelice – Județul Buzău]</ref>
#Plasa Buzău, headquartered at [[Pătârlagele]]
#Plasa Câmpul, headquartered at [[Buzău]]
#Plasa Slănic, headquartered at [[Săpoca, Buzău|Săpoca]]
#Plasa Tohani, headquartered at [[Mizil]]

Subsequently, the territory of the county was reorganized into seven districts, by abolishing Plasa Câmpul and establishing four new districts:
#Plasa Buzău, headquartered at [[Pătârlagele]]
#Plasa Câlnău, headquartered at [[Buzău]]
#Plasa Câmpeni, headquartered at [[Pogoanele]]
#Plasa Orașul, headquartered at Buzău
#Plasa Pârscov, headquartered at [[Pârscov, Buzău|Pârscov]]
#Plasa Slănic, headquartered at [[Săpoca, Buzău|Săpoca]]
#Plasa Tohani, headquartered at [[Mizil]]

=== Population ===
According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 309,405 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 97.4% Romanians, 1.5% Romanies, 0.5% Jews, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the population was 98.9% Eastern Orthodox, 0.5% Jewish, as well as other minorities.

==== Urban population ====
In 1930, the county's urban population was 42,127 inhabitants, comprising 91.2% Romanians, 3.7% Jews, 2.3% Romanies, 0.9% Hungarians, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of 93.3% Eastern Orthodox, 3.9% Jewish, 1.0% Roman Catholic, as well as other minorities.

== References ==
{{Commons category|Buzău County}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Buzău County}}
{{Counties (judete) of Romania}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Buzau County}}
[[Category:Buzău County| ]]
[[Category:Counties of Romania]]
[[Category:Geography of Wallachia]]
[[Category:1879 establishments in Romania]]
[[Category:1938 disestablishments in Romania]]
[[Category:1940 establishments in Romania]]
[[Category:1950 disestablishments in Romania]]
[[Category:1968 establishments in Romania]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1879]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1938]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1940]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1950]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1968]]
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