Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Capetian dynasty

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|European royal house of Frankish origin}}
{{for|the "Direct Capetians", who ruled France from 987 to 1328|House of Capet}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{More footnotes|date=January 2008}}
{{Royal house||surname=House of Capet|coat of arms=[[File:héraldique blason France Gelde.svg|100px]] <br /> One variation of the [[Armorial of the Capetian dynasty|Capetian Armorial]]|country=
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*'''[[Kingdom of France]] (987-1792, 1814-1815, 1815-1848)'''
*[[Kingdom of Portugal]] (1139-1383; 1385-1580 and 1640-1853 through illegitimate branches)
*[[Latin Empire]] (1216-1261)
*[[Kingdom of Sicily]]/[[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]]/[[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies|Two Sicilies]] (1266-1442, 1501-1504, 1700-1714, 1735-1861)
*[[Kingdom of Navarre]] (1284-1441, 1555-1562, 1572-1620)
*[[Kingdom of Hungary|Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia]] (1308-1395)
*[[Kingdom of Poland]] (1370-1399, 1573-1575)
*[[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (1573-1575)
*''[[Spain|Kingdom of Spain]] (1700-1868, 1874-1931, since 1975)''
*[[Kingdom of Sardinia]] (1700-1714)
*[[Kingdom of Brazil|Kingdom]]/[[Empire of Brazil]] (1815-1889 through illegitimate branch)
*''[[Luxembourg|Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]] (since 1964)''
}}|parent house=[[Robertians]]|founder=[[Hugh Capet]]|founding year=987|founded={{Start date and age|987}}|current head=[[Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou]]|cadet branches=[[#Capetian cadet branches|See below]]}}

The '''Capetian dynasty''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ə|ˈ|p|iː|ʃ|ən}}; {{lang-fr|Capétiens}}), also known as the "House of France", is a [[dynasty]] of [[Europe|European]] origin, and a branch of the [[Robertians]]. It is among the largest and oldest [[dynasty|royal houses]] in [[Europe]] and the world, and consists of [[Hugh Capet]], the founder of the dynasty, and his male-line descendants, who ruled in France without interruption from 987 to 1792, and again from 1814 to 1848. The senior line ruled in France as the [[House of Capet]] from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV]] in 1328. That line was succeeded by [[cadet branch]]es, the Houses of [[House of Valois|Valois]] and then [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]], which ruled without interruption until the [[French Revolution]] abolished the monarchy in 1792. The Bourbons were restored in 1814 in the aftermath of [[Napoleon]]'s defeat, but had to vacate the throne again in 1830 in favor of the last Capetian monarch of France, [[Louis Philippe I]], who belonged to the [[House of Orléans]].
Cadet branches of the Capetian House of Bourbon are still reigning over Spain and Luxembourg.

The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state. Initially obeyed only in their own [[demesne]], the [[Île-de-France]], the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm. For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power, see ''[[Crown lands of France]]''.

Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic, and the early Capetians had an alliance with the [[Catholic Church|Church]]. The French were also the most active participants in the [[Crusades]], culminating in a series of five Crusader kings – [[Louis VII of France|Louis VII]], [[Philip II of France|Philip Augustus]], [[Louis VIII of France|Louis VIII]], [[Louis IX]], and [[Philip III of France|Philip III]]. The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the [[Aragonese Crusade]]. Philip III's son and successor, [[Philip IV of France|Philip IV]], humiliated Pope Boniface VIII and brought the [[Avignon Papacy|papacy under French control]]. The later Valois, starting with [[Francis I of France|Francis I]], ignored religious differences and [[Franco-Ottoman alliance|allied]] with the [[Ottoman sultan]] to counter the growing power of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]] was a Protestant at the time of his accession, but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare.

The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship. By tradition, younger sons and brothers of the king of France were given [[appanage]]s for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself. When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship, their ambitions were directed not at the French throne, but at foreign thrones. As a result, the Capetians have reigned at different times in the kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]], [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]] and [[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]], [[Kingdom of Navarre|Navarre]], [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary and Croatia]], [[Kingdom of Poland|Poland]], [[Spain]] and [[Kingdom of Sardinia|Sardinia]], grand dukedoms of [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]] and [[Luxembourg]], and in [[Latin Empire|Latin]] and [[Empire of Brazil|Brazilian]] empires.

In modern times, King [[Felipe VI of Spain]] is a member of this family, while [[Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg]] is related to the family by [[agnatic kinship]]; both through the [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon branch]] of the dynasty. Along with the [[House of Habsburg]], arguably its greatest historic rival, it was one of the two oldest [[Europe]]an royal dynasties. It was also the most powerful royal family in European history, having played a major role in its politics for much of its existence. According to [[Oxford University]], 75% of all [[royal family|royal families]] in [[European history]], are related to the Capetian dynasty.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CAFREAAAQBAJ&pg=PA22|title=An Empire of Memory: The Legend of Charlemagne, the Franks, and Jerusalem before the First Crusade|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=22|date=2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author1=MacLagan, Michael  |author2=Louda, Jiri|year=1984|title=Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe|location=London|publisher=Orbis|isbn=978-0-85613-672-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author1=Hallam, Elizabeth M.  |author2=Everard, Judith|year=2001|title=Capetian France, 987–1328|edition=second|location=Harlow, UK|publisher=Longman|isbn=978-0-582-40428-1}}</ref>

== Name origins and usage ==
The name of the dynasty derives from its founder, [[Hugh Capet of France|Hugh]], who was known as "Hugh Capet".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bradbury |first=Jim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hG6vAwAAQBAJ&dq=Capetian+derives+from+its+founder%2C+Hugh%2C+who+was+known+as+%22Hugh+Capet%22&pg=PA69 |title=The Capetians: Kings of France 987–1328 |date=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-8264-2491-4 |language=en}}</ref> The meaning of "Capet" (a nickname rather than a surname of the modern sort) is unknown. While folk etymology identifies it with "cape", other suggestions indicate it might be connected to the Latin word ''caput'' ("head"), and explain it as meaning "chief" or "head".{{citation needed|date=February 2008}}

Historians in the [[19th century]] (see [[House of France]]) came to apply the name "Capetian" to both the ruling house of France and to the wider-spread male-line descendants of Hugh Capet. It was not a contemporary practice. The name "Capet" has also been used as a surname for French royalty, particularly but not exclusively those of the [[House of Capet]]. One notable use was during the French Revolution, when the dethroned [[King Louis XVI]] (a member of the [[House of Bourbon]] and a direct male-line descendant of Hugh Capet) and [[Marie Antoinette of Austria|Queen Marie Antoinette]] (a member of the [[House of Lorraine|House of Habsburg-Lorraine]]) were referred to as "Louis and Antoinette Capet" (the queen being addressed as "the Widow Capet" after the execution of her husband).

==Capetian miracle==
[[File:HugoKapet kronika.jpg|thumb|12th-century portrait of Hugh Capet. His direct descendants ruled France for many centuries.]] 
The '''Capetian miracle''' ({{Lang-fr|Miracle capétien}}) refers to the dynasty's ability to attain and hold onto the French crown.{{sfn|Naus|2016|p=}}{{page needed|date=August 2020}}

In 987, [[Hugh Capet]] was elected to succeed [[Louis V of France|Louis V]] of the [[Carolingian]] dynasty that had ruled France for over three centuries. By a process of associating elder sons with them in the kingship, the early Capetians established the hereditary succession in their family and transformed a theoretically electoral kingship into a sacral one. By the time of [[Philip II Augustus]], who became king in 1180, the Capetian hold on power was so strong that the practice of associate kingship was dropped. While the Capetian monarchy began as one of the weakest in Europe, drastically eclipsed by the new Anglo-Norman realm in England (who, as [[dukes of Normandy]], were technically their vassals) and even other [[Peerage of France|great lords of France]], the political value of orderly succession in the Middle Ages cannot be overstated. The [[agnatic succession|orderly succession of power from father to son]] over such a long period of time meant that the French monarchs, who originally were essentially just the direct rulers of the [[Île-de-France]], were able to preserve and extend their power, while over the course of centuries the great peers of the realm would eventually lose their power in one succession crisis or another.

By comparison, the Crusader [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]] was constantly beset with internal succession disputes because each generation only produced female heirs who tended to die young. Even the English monarchy encountered severe succession crises, such as [[The Anarchy]] of the 1120s between Stephen and Matilda, and the murder of [[Arthur I, Duke of Brittany]], the primogeniture heir of [[Richard I of England]]. The latter case would deal a severe blow to the prestige of [[John of England|King John]], leading to the eventual destruction of Angevin hegemony in France. In contrast, the French kings were able to maintain uncontested father-to-son succession from the time of Hugh Capet until the succession crisis which began the [[Hundred Years' War]] of the 14th century.

== The Robertians and before ==
{{refimprove section|find=France|find2=Robertian dynasty|date=July 2022}}
{{Capetian Cadets}}
{{Main|Robertians}}
The dynastic surname now used to describe Hugh Capet's family prior to his election as King of France is "Robertians" or "Robertines." The name is derived from the family's first certain ancestor, [[Robert the Strong]] (b. 820), the count of Paris. Robert was probably son of [[Robert III of Worms]] (b. 800) and grandson of [[Robert of Hesbaye]] (b. 770). The Robertians probably originated in the county [[Hesbaye]], around [[Tongeren]] in modern-day Belgium. The sons of Robert the Strong were [[Odo of France|Odo]] and [[Robert I of France|Robert]], who both ruled as king of [[Western Francia]]. The family became [[Count of Paris|Counts of Paris]] under Odo and Dukes of the [[Franks]] under Robert, possessing large parts of [[Neustria]].

In the late 9th century, King [[Robert I of France|Robert I]], grandfather of [[Hugh Capet]], married [[Beatrice of Vermandois]], a direct descendant of [[Charlemagne]], thus making the Capetian dynasty a cadet branch of the [[Carolingian dynasty]].<ref name="ESII-10.11">Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafeln 10, 11</ref><ref>Pierre Riché, ''The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe'', trans. Michael Idomir Allen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), pp. 371, 375</ref>

The Carolingian dynasty ceased to rule France upon the death of [[Louis V of France|Louis V]]. After the death of Louis V, the son of Hugh the Great, [[Hugh Capet]], was elected by the nobility as king of France. Hugh was crowned at [[Noyon]] on 3 July 987 with the full support from [[Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto III]]. With Hugh's coronation, a new era began for France, and his descendants came to be named the ''Capetians,'' with the Capetian dynasty and its cadet branches such as the [[House of Valois]] ruling France for more than 800 years (987–1848, with two interruptions during the [[French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars]], first between 1792 and 1814, and then for [[Hundred Days|three months in 1815]].)

=== Robertian family branches ===
{{Tree list}}
*Rodbert
**[[Ingerman of Hesbaye]]
***[[Ermengarde of Hesbaye]], wife of [[Louis the Pious]]
**[[Cancor]], founder of the [[Lorsch Abbey]]
***Heimrich (−795), count in the [[Lahngau]]
****[[Poppo of Grapfeld]] (−839/41), ancestor of the Frankish [[House of Babenberg]]
**Landrada
***[[Chrodegang of Metz|Saint Chrodogang]], Archbishop of Metz, Abbot of the [[Lorsch Abbey]]
**[[Robert of Hesbaye]]
***[[Robert III of Worms]]
****[[Robert the Strong]]
*****[[Odo of France|Odo]], king of [[Western Francia]]
*****Richildis, married to a count of Troyes
*****[[Robert I of France|Robert]], king of [[Western Francia]]
******[[Emma of France|Emma]], married [[Rudolph, Duke of Burgundy|Rudolph of Burgundy]]
******Adela, married [[Herbert II, Count of Vermandois]]
******[[Hugh the Great]]
*******[[Hugh Capet]], founder House of Capet
********[[Hedwig of France|Hadwig]], married [[Reginar IV, Count of Mons]]
********[[Robert II of France|Robert II]]
*******Otto-Henry
*******Odo
*******Beatrix, married [[Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine|Frederick of Bar]]
*******Emma, married [[Richard I of Normandy]]
*******[[Herbert of Selkirk|Herbert]], bishop of [[Auxerre]]
{{Tree list/end}}

== Capetians through history ==
{{unreferenced section|date=September 2014}}
[[File:Genealogiae scriptoris Fusniacensis.png|thumb|Hugh Capet's line, from the ''[[Genealogia regum Francorum tertiae stirpis|Genealogy of the Third Lineage of King of the Franks]]'']]
Over the succeeding centuries, Capetians spread throughout Europe, ruling every form of provincial unit from [[monarchy|kingdoms]] to [[Manorialism|manors]].

=== Salic law ===
[[Salic law]], re-established during the [[Hundred Years' War]] from an ancient [[Salian Franks|Frankish]] tradition, caused the French monarchy to permit only male ([[Agnatic succession|agnatic]]) descendants of Hugh to succeed to the throne of France.

Without Salic law, upon the death of [[John I of France|John I]], the crown would have passed to his half-sister, [[Joan II of Navarre|Joan]] (later Joan II of Navarre). However, Joan's paternity was suspect due to her mother's adultery in the [[Tour de Nesle Affair]]; the French magnates adopted Salic law to avoid the succession of a possible bastard.

In 1328, King [[Charles IV of France]] died without male heirs, as his brothers did before him. [[Philip VI of France|Philip of Valois]], the late king's first cousin, acted as regent, pending the birth of the king's posthumous child, which proved to be a girl. [[Isabella of France]], sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son, [[Edward III of England]]. The English king did not find support among the French lords, who made Philip of Valois their king. From then on the French succession not only excluded females but also rejected claims based on the female line of descent.

Thus the French crown passed from the [[House of Capet]] after the death of [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV]] to [[Philip VI of France]] of the [[House of Valois]], a [[cadet branch]] of the Capetian dynasty,
*then to Louis II, Duke of Orléans, of the Orléans branch of the Valois, who became [[Louis XII of France]],
*then to Francis, Duke of Valois, Count of Angoulème, who became [[Francis I of France]], and his descendants, of the Orléans-Angoulème,
*then to Henry III of Navarre, who became [[Henry IV of France]], of the [[House of Bourbon]], a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.

This did not affect monarchies not under that law such as Portugal, Spain, [[Navarre]], and various smaller duchies and counties. Therefore, many royal families appear and disappear in the French succession or become cadet branches upon marriage. A complete list of the senior-most line of Capetians is available [[#Senior Capets|below]].

=== Capetian cadet branches ===
The Capetian dynasty has been broken many times into (sometimes rival) cadet branches. A cadet branch is a line of descent from another line than the senior-most. This list of cadet branches shows most of the Capetian cadet lines and designating their royal French progenitor, although some sub-branches are not shown.

{{Tree list}}
* [[Hugh Capet]]
** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Robert II of France]]
*** [[Henry I of France]]
**** [[Philip I of France]]
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Louis VI of France]]
****** [[Louis VII of France]]
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Philip II of France]]
******** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Louis VIII of France]]
********* [[Louis IX of France]]
********** [[Philip III of France]]
*********** [[Philip IV of France]]
*********** [[File:Blason comte fr Valois.svg|25px]] '''[[House of Valois]]'''
*********** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason ville fr Mortain (Manche).svg|25px]] '''[[House of Évreux]]'''
********** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason comte fr Clermont (Bourbon).svg|25px]] '''[[House of Bourbon]]'''
********* [[File:Blason province fr Artois.svg|25px]] '''[[House of Artois]]'''
********* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason comte fr Anjou.svg|25px]] '''[[Capetian House of Anjou|House of Anjou]]'''
****** [[File:Blason Comtes de Dreux.svg|25px]] '''[[House of Dreux]]'''
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason Courtenay.svg|25px]] '''[[Capetian House of Courtenay|House of Courtenay]]'''
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Armoiries Vermandois.svg|25px]] '''[[Capetian House of Vermandois|House of Vermandois]]'''
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason Ducs Bourgogne (ancien).svg|25px]] '''[[House of Burgundy]]'''
{{Tree list/end}}

{{See also|Armorial of the Capetian dynasty}}

==== Descendants of [[Philip III of France]] ====
{{Tree list}}
* [[House of Valois]] (1293–1498)
** House of Valois-Orléans (1392–1515)
*** House of Orléans-Angoulême (1407–1589)
** [[House of Valois-Anjou]] (1356–1481)
** [[House of Valois-Burgundy]] (1364–1477)
*** House of Burgundy-Brabant (1404–1430)
*** House of Burgundy-Nevers (1404–1491)
** House of Valois-Alençon (1325–1525)
* [[House of Évreux]] (1303–1400)
** House of Évreux-Navarre (1328–1425)
{{Tree list/end}}

==== Descendants of [[Louis IX of France]] ====
{{Tree list}}
* [[House of Bourbon]] (1268–1503)
** [[Duchy of Montpensier#Counts of Montpensier (1384)|House of Bourbon-Montpensier, counts]] (1443–1527)
** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[County of La Marche#Capetian-Bourbon dynasty|House of Bourbon-La Marche]] (1356–1438)
*** [[List of counts and dukes of Vendôme#House of Bourbon|House of Bourbon-Vendôme]] (became Royal House of France in 1589)
**** [[Henri, Count of Chambord|House of Artois]] (1775–1883)
**** [[List of heads of state of Spain#House of Bourbon (1700–1808)|House of Bourbon, Spanish branch]] (1700–present)
***** [[Carlism#Carlist claimants to the throne|Carlists]] (1819–1936)
***** [[Alfonso XII of Spain|Alfonsines]] (1819–present)
****** [[Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia|House of Bourbon-Anjou]] (1933–present)
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Spanish royal family|House of Bourbon, Spanish royal family]] (1933–present)
***** [[Duke of Seville|House of Bourbon-Seville]] (1823–)
***** [[House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]] (1751–present)
***** [[House of Bourbon-Braganza]] (1752–1979)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[House of Bourbon-Parma]] (1748–present)
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg|Parma-Luxembourg, called House of Nassau-Weilburg]] (1919–present)
**** [[House of Orléans]] (1661–)
***** Orléans-Nemours, then (1891) [[House of Orléans-Braganza]] (1864–present)
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} Orléans-Alençon (1844–1970)
***** Orléans-Aumale (1822–1872)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} Orléans-Montpensier, then [[Duke of Galliera#Orléans dukes|House of Orléans-Galliera]] (1824–present)
**** [[Prince of Condé|House of Bourbon-Condé]] (1557–1830)
***** [[Prince of Conti|House of Bourbon-Conti]] (1629–1814)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Counts of Soissons|House of Bourbon-Soissons]] (1569–1641)
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Duchy of Montpensier#Dukes of Montpensier (1539)|House of Bourbon-Montpensier, dukes]] (1477–1608)
*** House of Bourbon-Carency (1393–1520)
**** House of Bourbon-Duisant (1457–1530)
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} House of Bourbon-Preaux (1385–1429)
{{Tree list/end}}

==== Descendants of [[Louis VIII of France]] ====
{{Tree list}}
* [[House of Artois]] (1237–1472)
* [[Capetian House of Anjou|House of Anjou]] (initially ruling house of Sicily, then of Naples, became ruling house of Hungary) (1247–1382)
** [[List of monarchs of Naples|House of Anjou-Naples]] (1309–1343)
** [[Principality of Taranto#Angevin (Angiò) dynasty|House of Anjou–Taranto]] (1294–1374)
** [[Kingdom of Albania (medieval)#Dukes of Durazzo|House of Anjou–Durazzo]] (1309–1414)
{{Tree list/end}}

==== Descendants of [[Louis VI of France]] ====
{{Tree list}}
* [[House of Dreux]] (1137–1345)
** [[List of rulers of Brittany#House of Dreux|Breton House of Dreux]] (1213–1341)
*** [[Montfort of Brittany|House of Montfort]] (1322–1488)
* [[Capetian House of Courtenay]] (1150–1727)
** Capetian House of Courtenay – Latin emperors of Constantinople (1217–1283)
{{Tree list/end}}

==== Descendants of [[Henry I of France]] ====
{{Tree list}}
* [[Capetian House of Vermandois]] (1085–1212)
{{Tree list/end}}

==== Descendants of [[Robert II of France]] ====
{{Tree list}}
* [[House of Burgundy]] (1032–1361)
** [[Portuguese House of Burgundy]] (1109–1383)
*** ''[[House of Aviz]]'' (1385–1580) – illegitimate male-line descent from Burgundy
**** ''[[House of Braganza]]'' (1442–present) – illegitimate male-line descent from Aviz
***** ''[[Duke of Cadaval|House of Cadaval]]'' (1645–present), the male line went extinct in 2001{{Cn|date=October 2023}}
{{Tree list/end}}

=== Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty ===
==== [[Latin Empire]]====
* [[Peter II of Courtenay|Peter]] (1216–1217)
* [[Robert of Courtenay|Robert]] (1219–1228)
* [[Baldwin II of Constantinople|Baldwin II]] (1228–1273, exiled in 1261)
* [[Philip I, Latin Emperor|Philip I]] (1273–1283)
* [[Catherine I, Latin Empress|Catherine I]] (1283–1307)
* [[Catherine of Valois–Courtenay|Catherine II]] (1307–1346)
* [[Robert, Prince of Taranto|Robert II]] (1346–1364)
* [[Philip II, Prince of Taranto|Philip II]] (1364–1374)

==== [[Kingdom of Albania (medieval)|Kingdom of Albania]] ====
* [[Charles I of Anjou|Charles I]] (1272–1285)
* [[Charles II of Naples|Charles II]] (1285–1294)
* [[Philip I of Taranto|Philip]] (1294–1331)
* [[Robert of Taranto|Robert]] (1331–1332)
* [[John, Duke of Durazzo|John]] (1332–1336)
* [[Charles, Duke of Durazzo|Charles III]] (1336–1348)
* [[Joanna, Duchess of Durazzo|Joan I]] (1348–1368)
* [[Louis, Duke of Durazzo|Louis]] (1376–1383)

==== [[Kingdom of Etruria]] ====
* [[Louis I of Etruria|Louis]] (1801–1803)
* [[Charles II, Duke of Parma|Charles Louis]] (1803–1807)

==== [[Kingdom of France]] ====
* [[Hugh Capet|Hugh]] (987–996)
* [[Robert II of France|Robert II]] (996–1031)
* [[Henry I of France|Henry I]] (1031–1060)
* [[Philip I of France|Philip I]] (1060–1108)
* [[Louis VI of France|Louis VI]] (1108–1137)
* [[Louis VII of France|Louis VII]] (1137–1180)
* [[Philip II of France|Philip II]] (1180–1223)
* [[Louis VIII of France|Louis VIII]] (1223–1226)
* [[Louis IX of France|Louis IX]] (1226–1270)
* [[Philip III of France|Philip III]] (1270–1285)
* [[Philip IV of France|Philip IV]] (1285–1314)
* [[Louis X of France|Louis X]] (1314–1316)
* [[John I of France|John I]] (1316)
* [[Philip V of France|Philip V]] (1316–1322)
* [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV]] (1322–1328)
* [[Philip VI of France|Philip VI]] (1328–1350)
* [[John II of France|John II]] (1350–1364)
* [[Charles V of France|Charles V]] (1364–1380)
* [[Charles VI of France|Charles VI]] (1380–1422)
* [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]] (1422–1461)
* [[Louis XI]] (1461–1483)
* [[Charles VIII of France|Charles VIII]] (1483–1498)
* [[Louis XII]] (1498–1515)
* [[Francis I of France|Francis I]] (1515–1547)
* [[Henry II of France|Henry II]] (1547–1559)
* [[Francis II of France|Francis II]] (1559–1560)
* [[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]] (1560–1574)
* [[Henry III of France|Henry III]] (1574–1589)
* [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]] (1589–1610)
* [[Louis XIII]] (1610–1643)
* [[Louis XIV]] (1643–1715)
* [[Louis XV]] (1715–1774)
* [[Louis XVI]] (1774–1792)
* [[Louis XVIII]] (1814–1815, 1815–1824)
* [[Charles X]] (1824–1830)
* [[Louis Philippe I|Louis Philip]] (1830–1848)

==== [[Kingdom of Hungary]] ====
* [[Charles I of Hungary|Charles I]] (1310–1342)
* [[Louis I of Hungary|Louis I]] (1342–1382)
* [[Mary, Queen of Hungary|Mary]] (1382–1385, 1386–1395)
* [[Charles III of Naples|Charles II]] (1385–1386)

==== [[Kingdom of Naples]] ====
* [[Charles I of Anjou|Charles I]] (1266–1285)
* [[Charles II of Naples|Charles II]] (1285–1309)
* [[Robert of Naples|Robert]] (1309–1343)
* [[Joanna I of Naples|Joan I]] (1343–1382)
* [[Charles III of Naples|Charles III]] (1382–1386)
* [[Ladislaus of Naples|Ladislas]] (1386–1414)
* [[Joanna II of Naples|Joan II]] (1414–1435)
* [[René of Anjou|René I]] (1435–1442)
* [[Philip V of Spain|Philip]] (1700–1707)
* [[Charles III of Spain|Charles VII]] (1735–1759)
* [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand IV]] (1759–1816)

==== [[Kingdom of Navarre]] ====
* [[Philip IV of France|Philip I]] (1284–1305)
* [[Louis X of France|Louis I]] (1305–1316)
* [[John I of France|John I]] (1316–1316)
* [[Philip V of France|Philip II]] (1316–1322)
* [[Charles IV of France|Charles I]] (1322–1328)
* [[Joan II of Navarre|Joan II]] (1328–1349)
* [[Philip III of Navarre|Philip III]] (1328–1343)
* [[Charles II of Navarre|Charles II]] (1349–1387)
* [[Charles III of Navarre|Charles III]] (1387–1425)
* [[Blanche I of Navarre|Blanche I]] (1425–1441)
* [[Antoine of Navarre|Anthony]] (1555–1562)
* [[Henry IV of France|Henry III]] (1572–1610)
* [[Louis XIII|Louis II]] (1610–1643)
* [[Louis XIV|Louis III]] (1643–1715)
* [[Louis XV|Louis IV]] (1715–1774)
* [[Louis XVI|Louis V]] (1774–1792)
* [[Louis XVIII|Louis VII]] (1814–1815, 1815–1824)
* [[Charles X|Charles V]] (1824–1830)
* [[Louis Philippe I|Louis Philip]] (1830–1848)

==== [[Kingdom of Poland]] ====
* [[Louis I of Hungary|Louis]] (1370–1382)
* [[Jadwiga of Poland|Hedwig]] (1384–1399)
* [[Henry III of France|Henry]] (1573–1574)

==== [[Kingdom of Portugal|Kingdom]] and [[County of Portugal]]  ====
* [[Henry, Count of Portugal|Henry]] (1093–1112)
* [[Afonso I of Portugal|Alphonse I]] (1112–1185, crowned in 1139)
* [[Sancho I of Portugal|Sancho I]] (1185–1211)
* [[Afonso II of Portugal|Alphonse II]] (1211–1223)
* [[Sancho II of Portugal|Sancho II]] (1223–1247)
* [[Afonso III of Portugal|Alphonse III]] (1247–1279)
* [[Denis of Portugal|Denis]] (1279–1325)
* [[Afonso IV of Portugal|Alphonse IV]] (1325–1357)
* [[Peter I of Portugal|Peter I]] (1357–1367)
* [[Ferdinand I of Portugal|Ferdinand I]] (1367–1383)

==== [[Kingdom of Trinacria|Kingdom of Sicily]] ====
* [[Charles I of Anjou|Charles I]] (1266–1282)
* [[Philip V of Spain|Philip]] (1700–1713)
* [[Charles III of Spain|Charles VII]] (1735–1759)
* [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand III]] (1759–1816)

==== [[Kingdom of Spain]] ====
* [[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]] (1700–1724, 1724–1746)
* [[Louis I of Spain|Louis I]] (1724)
* [[Ferdinand VI]] (1746–1759)
* [[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]] (1759–1788)
* [[Charles IV of Spain|Charles IV]] (1788–1808, 1808)
* [[Ferdinand VII]] (1808, 1813–1833)
* [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] (1833–1868)
* [[Alfonso XII|Alphonse XII]] (1874–1885)
* [[Alfonso XIII|Alphonse XIII]] (1886–1931)
* [[Juan Carlos I|John Charles I]] (1975–2014)
* [[Felipe VI|Philip VI]] (2014–)

==== [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] ====
* [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand I]] (1816–1825)
* [[Francis I of the Two Sicilies|Francis I]] (1825–1830)
* [[Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand II]] (1830–1859)
* [[Francis II of the Two Sicilies|Francis II]] (1859–1860)

==== [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] ====
* [[Henry III of France|Henry]] (1573–1574)

==== [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]] ====
* [[Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg|Jean]] (1964–2000)
* [[Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg|Henri]] (2000–)

==== [[Duchy of Brabant]] ====
* [[Anthony, Duke of Brabant|Anthony]] (1406–1415)
* [[John IV, Duke of Brabant|John IV]] (1415–1427)
* [[Philip I, Duke of Brabant|Philip I]] (1427–1430)
* [[Philip the Good|Philip II]] (1430–1467)
* [[Charles the Bold|Charles]] (1467–1477)
* [[Mary of Burgundy|Mary]] (1477–1482)

==== [[Duchy of Brittany]] ====
* [[Peter I, Duke of Brittany|Peter I]] (1213–1237)
* [[John I, Duke of Brittany|John I]] (1237–1286)
* [[John II, Duke of Brittany|John II]] (1286–1305)
* [[Arthur II, Duke of Brittany|Arthur II]] (1305–1316)
* [[John III, Duke of Brittany|John III]] (1312–1341)
* [[John of Montfort|John IV]] (1341–1345)
* [[John IV, Duke of Brittany|John V]] (1364–1399)
* [[John V, Duke of Brittany|John VI]] (1399–1442)
* [[Francis I, Duke of Brittany|Francis I]] (1442–1450)
* [[Peter II, Duke of Brittany|Peter II]] (1450–1457)
* [[Arthur III, Duke of Brittany|Arthur III]] (1457–1458)
* [[Francis II, Duke of Brittany|Francis II]] (1458–1488)
* [[Anne of Brittany|Anne]] (1488–1514)
* [[Claude of France|Claude]] (1514–1524)
* [[Francis I of France|Francis III]] (1514–1524)
* [[Francis III, Duke of Brittany|Francis IV]] (1524–1536)
* [[Henry II of France|Henry]] (1536–1547)

==== [[Duchy of Burgundy]] ====
* [[Otto, Duke of Burgundy|Otto of Paris]] (956–965)
* [[Henry I, Duke of Burgundy|Odo-Henry]] (965–1002)
* [[Henry I of France|Henry I]] (1026–1032)
* [[Robert I, Duke of Burgundy|Robert I]] (1032–1076)
* [[Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh I]] (1076–1079)
* [[Odo I, Duke of Burgundy|Odo I]] (1079–1103)
* [[Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh II]] (1103–1143)
* [[Odo II, Duke of Burgundy|Odo II]] (1143–1162)
* [[Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh III]] (1162–1192)
* [[Odo III, Duke of Burgundy|Odo III]] (1192–1218)
* [[Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh IV]] (1218–1272)
* [[Robert II, Duke of Burgundy|Robert II]] (1272–1306)
* [[Hugh V, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh V]] (1306–1315)[[File:Rogier van der Weyden - Presentation Miniature, Chroniques de Hainaut KBR 9242.jpg|thumb|[[Charles the Bold]] as a boy stands next to his father, [[Philip the Good]], c. 1447–8]]
* [[Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy|Odo IV]] (1315–1349)
* [[Philip I, Duke of Burgundy|Philip I]] (1349–1361)
* [[John II of France|John I]] (1361–1363)
* [[Philip the Bold|Philip II]] (1363–1404)
* [[John the Fearless|John II]] (1404–1419)
* [[Philip the Good|Philip III]] (1419–1467)
* [[Charles the Bold|Charles]] (1467–1477)
* [[Mary of Burgundy|Mary]] (1477–1482)

==== [[Duchy of Lorraine]] ====
* [[René of Anjou|René I]] (1431–1453)
* [[John II, Duke of Lorraine|John II]] (1453–1470)
* [[Nicholas I, Duke of Lorraine|Nicholas I]] (1470–1473)
* [[Yolande, Duchess of Lorraine|Yolande]] (1473–1473)

==== [[Duchy of Lucca]] ====
* [[Maria Luisa, Duchess of Lucca|Maria Louisa]] (1815–1824)
* [[Charles II, Duke of Parma|Charles]] (1824–1847)

==== [[Duchy of Luxemburg]] ====
* [[Anthony, Duke of Brabant|Anthony]] (1411–1415)
* [[Philip III, Duke of Burgundy|Philip I]] (1443–1467)
* [[Charles the Bold|Charles]] (1467–1477)
* [[Mary of Burgundy|Mary]] (1477–1482)
* [[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]] (1700–1712)

==== [[Duchy of Milan]] ====
* [[Louis XII|Louis I]] (1499–1512)
* [[Francis I of France|Francis II]] (1515–1521)
* [[Philip V of Spain|Philip IV]] (1700–1714)

==== [[Duchy of Parma]] ====
* [[Charles III of Spain|Charles I]] (1731–1735)
* [[Philip, Duke of Parma|Philip]] (1748–1765)
* [[Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma|Ferdinand]] (1765–1802)
* [[Charles II, Duke of Parma|Charles II]] (1847–1849)
* [[Charles III, Duke of Parma|Charles III]] (1849–1854)
* [[Robert I, Duke of Parma|Robert I]] (1854–1859)

==== [[Principality of Achaea]] ====
* [[Charles I of Anjou|Charles I]] (1278–1285)
* [[Charles II of Naples|Charles II]] (1285–1289)
* [[Philip I, Prince of Taranto|Philip I]] (1307–1313)
* [[Louis of Burgundy|Louis]] (1313–1316)
* [[Robert, King of Naples|Robert I]] (1318–1322)
* [[Robert, Prince of Taranto|Robert II]] (1333–1364)
* [[Catherine II of Valois, Princess of Achaea|Catherine II]] (1333–1346)
* [[Philip II, Prince of Taranto|Philip II]] (1364–1373)
* [[Joanna I of Naples|Joan I]] (1373–1381)
* [[Charles III of Naples|Charles III]] (1383–1386)

==== [[Principality of Taranto]] ====
* [[Charles I of Anjou|Charles I]] (1266–1285)
* [[Charles II of Naples|Charles II]] (1285–1294)
* [[Philip I, Prince of Taranto|Philip I]] (1294–1331)
* [[Robert, Prince of Taranto|Robert II]] (1331–1346, 1362–1364)
* [[Louis I of Anjou|Louis]] (1346–1362)
* [[Philip II, Prince of Taranto|Philip II]] (1362–1374)
* [[Ladislaus of Naples|Ladislaus]] (1406–1414)
* [[James II, Count of La Marche|James]] (1414–1420)

==== [[County of Namur|Marquisate of Namur]] ====
* [[Philip II, Marquis of Namur|Philip II]] (1212–1226)
* [[Henry II, Marquis of Namur|Henry II]] (1226–1229)
* [[Margaret, Marchioness of Namur|Margaret]] (1229–1237)
* [[Baldwin II, Latin Emperor|Baldwin II]] (1237–1256)
* [[Philip the Good|Philip IV]] (1421–1467)
* [[Charles the Bold|Charles I]] (1467–1477)
* [[Mary of Burgundy|Mary I]] (1477–1482)

=== Illegitimate descent ===
==== [[Empire of Brazil]] ====
* [[Pedro I of Brazil|Peter I]] (1822–1831)
* [[Pedro II of Brazil|Peter II]] (1831–1889)

==== [[Kingdom of Portugal]] ====
* [[John I of Portugal|John I]] (1385–1433)
* [[Edward, King of Portugal|Edward]] (1433–1438)
* [[Afonso V of Portugal|Alphonse V]] (1438–1481)
* [[John II of Portugal|John II]] (1481–1495)
* [[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]] (1495–1521)
* [[John III of Portugal|John III]], (1521–1557)
* [[Sebastian, King of Portugal|Sebastian]], (1557–1578)
* [[Henry, King of Portugal|Henry]] (1578–1580)
* [[António, Prior of Crato|Anthony]] (1580–1580, disputed)
* [[John IV of Portugal|John IV]] (1640–1656)
* [[Afonso VI of Portugal|Alphonse VI]] (1656–1683)
* [[Peter II of Portugal|Peter II]] (1683–1706)
* [[John V of Portugal|John V]] (1706–1750)
* [[Joseph I of Portugal|Joseph I]] (1750–1777)
* [[Peter III of Portugal|Peter III]] (1777–1786)
* [[Maria I of Portugal|Mary I]] (1777–1816)
* [[John VI of Portugal|John VI]] (1816–1826)
* [[Pedro I of Brazil|Peter IV]] (1826–1826)
* [[Maria II of Portugal|Mary II]] (1826–1828, 1834–1853)
* [[Miguel I of Portugal|Michael I]] (1828–1834)

== Senior Capets ==
Throughout most of history, the '''Senior Capet''' and the [[King of France]] were synonymous terms. Only in the time before [[Hugh Capet]] took the crown for himself and after the reign of [[Charles X of France|Charles X]] is there a distinction such that the senior Capet must be identified independently from succession to the French Crown. However, since primogeniture and the [[Salic law]] provided for the succession of the French throne for most of French history, here is a list of all the French kings from Hugh until Charles, and all the [[Legitimist]] pretenders thereafter. All dates are for seniority, not reign.

[[King of France]]:
* [[Hugh Capet|Hugh]], [[King of France]] (987–996)
* [[Robert II of France|Robert II]], King of France (996–1031)
* [[Henry I of France|Henry I]], King of France (1031–1060)
* [[Philip I of France|Philip I]], King of France (1060–1108)
* [[Louis VI of France|Louis VI]], King of France (1108–1137)
* [[Louis VII of France|Louis VII]], King of France (1137–1180)
* [[Philip II of France|Philip II]], King of France (1180–1223)
* [[Louis VIII of France|Louis VIII]], King of France (1223–1226)
* [[Louis IX of France|Louis IX]], King of France (1226–1270)
* [[Philip III of France|Philip III]], King of France (1271–1285)
* [[Philip IV of France|Philip IV]], King of France (1285–1314)
* [[Louis X of France|Louis X]], King of France (1314–1316)
* [[John I of France|John I]], King of France (1316–1316)
* [[Philip V of France|Philip V]], King of France (1316–1322)
* [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV]], King of France (1322–1328)
* [[Philip VI of France|Philip VI]], King of France (1328–1350)
* [[John II of France|John II]], King of France (1350–1364)
* [[Charles V of France|Charles V]], King of France (1364–1380)
* [[Charles VI of France|Charles VI]], King of France (1380–1422)
* [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]], King of France (1422–1461)
* [[Louis XI]], King of France (1461–1483)
* [[Charles VIII of France|Charles VIII]], King of France (1483–1498)
* [[Louis XII]], King of France (1498–1515)
* [[Francis I of France|Francis I]], King of France (1515–1547)
* [[Henry II of France|Henry II]], King of France (1547–1559)
* [[Francis II of France|Francis II]], King of France (1559–1560)
* [[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]], King of France (1560–1574)
* [[Henry III of France|Henry III]], King of France (1574–1589)
* [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]], King of France (1589–1610)
* [[Louis XIII]], King of France (1610–1643)
* [[Louis XIV]], King of France (1643–1715)
* [[Louis XV]], King of France (1715–1774)
* [[Louis XVI]], King of France (1774–1793)
* [[Louis XVII]], King of France (1793–1795)
* [[Louis XVIII]], King of France (1795–1824)
* [[Charles X]], King of France (1824–1836)

[[Legitimism|Legitimist Pretenders]]:
* [[Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême|Louis Anthony]], Duke of Angoulême (1836–1844)
* [[Henri, Count of Chambord|Henry]], Count of Chambord (1844–1883)
* [[Infante Juan, Count of Montizón|John]], Count of Montizón (1883–1887)
* [[Infante Carlos, Duke of Madrid|Charles]], Duke of Madrid (1887–1909)
* [[Infante Jaime, Duke of Madrid|James]], Duke of Anjou and Madrid (1909–1931)
* [[Infante Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime|Alphonse Charles]], Duke of San Jaime (1931–1936)
* [[Alfonso XIII|Alphonse XIII]], [[King of Spain]] (1936–1941)
* [[Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia|James Henry]], Duke of Anjou and Segovia (1941–1975)
* [[Alfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz|Alphonse]], Duke of Anjou and Cádiz (1975–1989)
* [[Louis Alphonse de Bourbon|Louis Alphonse]], Duke of Anjou (1989–)

== The Capetian dynasty today ==
Many years have passed since the Capetian monarchs ruled a large part of Europe; however, they still remain as kings, as well as other titles. Currently two Capetian monarchs still rule in Spain and Luxembourg. In addition, seven [[pretender]]s represent exiled dynastic monarchies in Brazil, France, Spain, Portugal, Parma and Two Sicilies. The current legitimate, senior family member is [[Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou|Louis-Alphonse de Bourbon]], known by his supporters as [[Duke of Anjou]], who also holds the [[Legitimist]] (''[[Blancs d'Espagne]]'') claim to the French throne. Overall, dozens of branches of the Capetian dynasty still exist throughout Europe.

Except for the [[House of Braganza]] (founded by an [[Afonso, 1st Duke of Braganza|illegitimate son]] of King [[John I of Portugal]], who was himself illegitimate), all current major Capetian branches are of the Bourbon cadet branch. Within the House of Bourbon, many of these lines are themselves well-defined cadet lines of the House.

=== Current Capetian rulers ===
* [[Henri of Luxembourg|Henri]], [[Grand Duke of Luxembourg]] (since 2000)
*[[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI]], [[King of Spain]] (since 2014)

=== Current Capetian pretenders ===
* [[Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou]], [[Legitimist]] pretender to the [[Kingdom of France]] since 1989.
* [[Prince Pedro, Duke of Calabria]], Calabrian pretender to the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] since 2015.
* [[Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro]], Castroist pretender to the [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] since 2008.
* [[Carlos, Duke of Parma]], pretender to the [[Duchy of Parma]] since 2010 and one of the [[Carlism|Carlist]] pretender to the [[Kingdom of Spain]] since 2010.
* [[Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma]], the other [[Carlism|Carlist]] pretenders to the [[Kingdom of Spain]] since 1979.
* [[Jean, Count of Paris]], [[Orléanist]] pretender to the [[Kingdom of France]] since 2019.
* Prince Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza, Petrópolis pretender to the [[Empire of Brazil]] since 2007.
* [[Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza]], Vassouras pretender to the [[Empire of Brazil]] since 2022.
* [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]], pretender to the [[Kingdom of Portugal]] since 1976.
* [[Balthazar Napoleon IV de Bourbon]], Raja of Bhopal of the Bourbon-Bhopal dynasty
* Philippe, Count of Châlus of [[Bourbon-Busset]]

== Arms of cadet branches ==
{{Main|List of coats of arms of the Capetian dynasty}}
{{Multiple image
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<!-- Header -->
 | header_background = 
 | header_align      = <!-- center (default), left, right -->
 | header            = Arms of branches founded before Philip Augustus

 | width             = 140
 | image1            = Blason Ducs Bourgogne (ancien).svg
 | caption1          = [[House of Burgundy]]
 | image2            = Armoiries Vermandois.svg
 | caption2          = [[Capetian House of Vermandois|House of Vermandois]]
 | image3            = Blason Comtes de Dreux.svg
 | caption3          = [[House of Dreux]]
 | image4            = Blason Courtenay.svg
 | caption4          = [[Capetian House of Courtenay|House of Courtenay]]

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{{Multiple image
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 | header            = Arms of branches founded after Philip Augustus

 | width             = 140
 | image1            = Blason province fr Artois.svg
 | caption1          = [[House of Artois]]
 | image2            = Blason comte fr Anjou.svg
 | caption2          = [[Capetian House of Anjou|House of Anjou]]
 | image3            = Blason comte fr Clermont (Bourbon).svg
 | caption3          = [[House of Bourbon]]
 | image4            = Blason comte fr Valois.svg
 | caption4          = [[House of Valois]]
 | image5            = Blason ville fr Mortain (Manche).svg
 | caption5          = [[House of Évreux]]

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}}

== See also ==
*[[French monarchs family tree#Capetian dynasty|French monarchs family tree]]
*''[[Genealogiae scriptoris Fusniacensis]]''
*[[Capetian Armorial]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

===Works cited===
*{{cite book |last1=Naus |first1=James |title=Constructing kingship : the Capetian monarchs of France and the early Crusades |date=2016 |publisher=Manchester University Press |isbn=9780719090974}}

== Further reading ==
*Ingmar Krause: ''Konflikt und Ritual im Herrschaftsbereich der frühen Capetinger – Untersuchungen zur Darstellung und Funktion symbolischen Verhaltens''. {{in lang|de}}. Rhema-Verlag, Münster 2006, {{ISBN|978-3-930454-62-4}}
*Fawtier, Robert. ''The Capetian Kings of France: Monarchy & Nation (987–1328)''. Macmillan, 1960. (translated from French edition of 1941)
*Hallam, Elizabeth M. ''Capetian France 987–1328''. Longman, 1980.
*Le Hête, Thierry. ''Les Capetiens: Le Livre du Millenaire''. Editions Christian, 1987.

== External links ==
* [http://genealogy.euweb.cz/capet/index.html Genealogies of the Capetian dynasty from Genealogy.eu]
* [https://www.queen-of-france.com/2018/04/96-kings-from-era-of-henry-iv-of-england.html Capetian Kings: Chart of 148 Kings, France, Spain, England, etc, 500 yr timeline and wiki links]

{{Royal houses of France}}
{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:Spanish royalty]]
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