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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|King of Portugal from 1889 to 1908}}
{{Expand Portuguese|Carlos I de Portugal|date=January 2012|topic=bio}}
{{More footnotes|date=January 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Carlos I
| image        = King Carlos I of Portugal - National Portrait Gallery.png
| caption      = Photograph {{circa}} 1907
| reign        = 19 October 1889 – <br> 1 February 1908
| cor-type     = Acclamation
| coronation   = 28 December 1889
| succession   = [[King of Portugal]]
| predecessor  = [[Luís I of Portugal|Luís I]]
| successor    = [[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]]
|reg-type      = {{nowrap|[[Prime Minister of Portugal|Prime Ministers]]}}
|regent        = {{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1=[[José Luciano de Castro]]<br/>[[António de Serpa Pimentel|António Serpa]]<br/>[[João Crisóstomo de Abreu e Sousa|João Crisóstomo]]<br/>[[José Dias Ferreira]]<br/>[[Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro|Hintze Ribeiro]]<br/>[[João Franco]]}}
| spouse       = {{marriage|[[Amélie of Orléans]]|1886}}
| issue        = {{Plainlist|
*[[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal|Luís Filipe, Prince Royal]]
*Infanta Maria Ana
*[[Manuel II of Portugal]]}}
| issue-link   = #Marriage and children
| house        = [[House of Braganza|Braganza]]<ref name="Braganza-Coburg" />
| father       = [[Luís I of Portugal|Luís I]]
| mother       = [[Maria Pia of Savoy]]
| birth_date   = 28 September 1863
| birth_place  = {{nowrap|[[Ajuda Palace]], [[Lisbon]], Portugal}}
| death_date   = 1 February 1908 (aged 44)
| death_place  = [[Praça do Comércio|Terreiro do Paço]], Lisbon, Portugal 
| burial_place = [[Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza|Pantheon of the Braganzas]]
| religion     = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]
| signature    = Assinatura D. Carlos.svg
}}

[[Dom (title)|''Dom'']] '''Carlos I''' ({{IPA-pt|ˈkaɾluʃ}}; {{Lang|en|Charles}}; 28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908), known as '''the Diplomat''' ({{lang-pt|o Diplomata}}), '''the Martyr''' ({{Lang-pt|o Martirizado}}), and '''the Oceanographer''' ({{Lang-pt|o Oceanógrafo}}),<ref>{{cite book|first=Luiz|last=Saldanha|date=1997|title=One Hundred Years of Portuguese Oceanography: In the Footsteps of King Carlos de Bragança|location=Setúbal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e7OKmgEACAAJ|publisher=Museu Bocage, Museu Nacional de História Natural|language=en|page=196}}</ref> among many other names, was [[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal]] from 1889 until his [[Lisbon Regicide|assassination]] in 1908. He was the first Portuguese king to die a violent death since [[Sebastian of Portugal|King Sebastian]] in 1578.

==Early life==
[[File:Baptizado de D. Carlos.png|300px|thumb|The baptism of Dom Carlos, {{Circa|1863}}]]
[[File:20 Réis à l'effigie de Charles Ier, 1891.jpg|thumb|Carlos I of Portugal on a 20 Reis coin, 1891]]

Carlos was born in [[Lisbon]], [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]], the son of [[Louis of Portugal|King Luís]] and [[Maria Pia of Savoy|Queen Maria Pia]], daughter of King [[Victor Emmanuel II of Italy]], and was a member of the [[House of Braganza]].<ref name="Braganza-Coburg">"While remaining [[patrilineal]] dynasts of the duchy of [[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 ''[[Almanach de Gotha]]'', Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the [http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/14904/pg14904.html 1838 Portuguese constitution] declared, with respect to [[Ferdinand II of Portugal]]'s issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"</ref> He had a brother, [[Afonso, Duke of Porto|Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto]]. He was baptised with the names ''Carlos Fernando Luís Maria Víctor Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis José Simão''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Carlos I (Rei D.) |url=https://vvpducalmus.fcsh.unl.pt//content/carlos-rei-d |website=Centro de Estudos de Sociologia e Estética Musical |publisher=Fundação da Casa de Bragança |access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Newton |first1=Michael |title=Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia |date=2014 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |location=Santa Barbara, California |isbn=978-1610692861 |page=73|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4-dAwAAQBAJ&dq=Carlos+Fernando+Lu%C3%ADs+Maria+V%C3%ADctor+Miguel+Rafael+Gabriel+Gonzaga+Xavier+Francisco+de+Assis+Jos%C3%A9+Sim%C3%A3o&pg=PA73 |access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref>

He had an intense education and was prepared to rule as a constitutional monarch. In 1883, he traveled to Italy, the United Kingdom, France and Germany, where he increased his knowledge of the modern civilization of his time. In 1883, 1886 and 1888, he ruled as Regent as his father was traveling in Europe, as had become traditional among the Portuguese constitutional kings. His father [[Luis I of Portugal|Luis I]] advised him to be modest and to study with focus.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

His first bridal candidate was one of the daughters of German Emperor [[Frederick III, German Emperor|Frederick III]], but the issue of religion presented an insurmountable problem, and diplomatic pressure from the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]] prevented the marriage. He then met and married [[Amélie of Orléans|Princess Amélie of Orléans]], eldest daughter of [[Philippe, comte de Paris]], pretender to the throne of France.<ref name="eb">{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Carlos I.|volume=5}}</ref>

==Reign==
[[File:Carlos I de Portugal.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Photograph of Infante Carlos, {{circa|1886}}]]
Carlos became king on 19 October 1889. After the [[1890 British Ultimatum]], a series of treaties were signed with the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]. One signed in August 1890 defined colonial borders along the [[Zambezi]] and [[Congo River|Congo]] rivers, whereas another signed on 14 October 1899 confirmed colonial treaties dating back to the 17th century. These treaties stabilised the political balance in Africa, ending Portuguese claims of sovereignty on the [[Pink Map]], a geographical conception of how Portuguese colonies would appear on a map if the territory between the coastal colonies of [[Angola]] and [[Mozambique]] could be connected with territory in central Africa. These central African territories became part of the [[British Empire]] with the Portuguese concession becoming a source of national resentment in the country.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

Domestically, Portugal declared [[bankruptcy]] twice – on 14 June 1892, then again on 10 May 1902 – causing industrial disturbances, socialist and republican antagonism and press criticism of the monarchy. Carlos responded by appointing [[João Franco]] as prime minister and subsequently accepting parliament's dissolution.<ref name="eb" />

As a patron of science and the arts, King Carlos took an active part in the celebration of the 500th anniversary of the birth of [[Prince Henry the Navigator]] in 1894. The following year he decorated the Portuguese poet [[João de Deus de Nogueira Ramos|João de Deus]] in a ceremony in Lisbon.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

Carlos took a personal interest in deep-sea and maritime exploration and used [[USS Yacona (SP-617)|several yachts named ''Amélia'']] on his oceanographical voyages.  He published an account of his own studies in this area.<ref name="eb" />

===Assassination===
{{main|Lisbon Regicide}}
[[File:D. Carlos - A. Roque Gameiro (1902).png|thumb|right|Portrait of Carlos I by [[Alfredo Roque Gameiro]], {{circa|1902}}]]
On 1 February 1908, the royal family was returning to [[Lisbon]] from the [[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa]] in [[Alentejo]], where they had spent part of the hunting season during the winter. They traveled by train to [[Barreiro (city)|Barreiro]] and, from there, they took a steamer to cross the [[Tagus River]] and disembarked at [[Cais do Sodré]] in central Lisbon. On their way to the royal palace, the open carriage with Carlos I and his family passed through the [[Terreiro do Paço]] fronting on the river. In spite of recent political unrest there was no military escort.<ref>{{cite book|first=Malyn|last=Newitt|page=284|title=The Braganzas|date=12 November 2019|publisher=Reaktion Books, Limited |isbn=978-1-78914-125-2}}</ref>  While they were crossing the square at dusk, shots were fired from amongst the sparse crowd by two republican activists, [[Alfredo Luís da Costa]] and [[Manuel Buíça]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Anibal Pinto|last=de Castro|pages=111 & 120|title=O Regicidio de 1908|year=2008|publisher=Civilização Editora |isbn=978-972-26-2677-4}}</ref>

Buíça, a former army sergeant and sharpshooter, fired five shots from a rifle hidden under his long overcoat. The king died immediately, his heir [[Luis Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal|Luís Filipe]] was mortally wounded, and Prince Manuel was hit in the arm. The queen escaped injury. The two assassins were killed on the spot by police, and an innocent bystander, João da Costa, was also shot dead in the confusion. The royal carriage turned into the nearby Navy Arsenal, where, about twenty minutes later, Prince Luís Filipe died. Several days later, the younger son, [[Manuel II of Portugal|Prince Manuel]], was proclaimed king of Portugal. He was the last of the [[House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty]] and the final king of Portugal.<ref>{{cite book|first=Anibal Pinto|last=de Castro|pages=132–133|title=O Regicidio de 1908|year=2008|publisher=Civilização Editora |isbn=978-972-26-2677-4}}</ref>

==Marriage and children==
[[File:Duke and Duchess of Braganca, Crown Prince and Princess of Portugal with their infant son Don Luis Philippe, 1888.png|thumb|left|Carlos I and Dona Maria Amélia with their firstborn son, 1888]]
Carlos I was married to [[Amélie of Orléans|Princess Amélie of Orléans]] in 1886. She was a daughter of [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris|Philippe, Count of Paris]], and [[Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans]]. Their children were:
* [[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal]] (1887–1908)
* Infanta Maria Ana of Braganza (b/d December 14, 1887)
* [[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II, King of Portugal]] between 1908 and 1910 (1889–1932)

A woman known as [[Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Braganza]]<ref>"Princess Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg, Duchess of Braganza" in CHILCOTE, Ronald H.; ''The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy'', page 37. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reprint edition (31 August 2012).</ref><ref>''"...Her Royal Highness D. Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Braganza, the Crown Princess of Portugal"'' in Jean Pailler; ''Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender''. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006;</ref> claimed to be the [[Royal bastard|illegitimate]] daughter of King Carlos I of Portugal with Maria Amélia Laredó e Murça. Maria Pia claimed that King Carlos I legitimized her through a royal decree and placed her in the line of succession with the same rights and honours as the legitimately-born princes of Portugal;{{clarify|date=June 2018}} however, no undisputed evidence was presented to demonstrate this, and the king did not, constitutionally, have the personal authority to do so. Maria Pia's paternity was never proven and her claim not widely accepted.

==Honours==
;Portuguese<ref name="Resenha">{{cite book|author=Albano da Silveira Pinto|title=Resenha das Familias Titulares e Grandes des Portugal|chapter=Serenissima Casa de Bragança|year=1883|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/resenhadasfamili01silvuoft#page/n5/mode/2up|publication-place=Lisbon|language=pt|page=xv|publisher=Lisboa F.A. da Silva}}</ref>
* [[Sash of the Three Orders|Grand Commander of the Three Military Orders]] of [[Order of Christ (Portugal)|Christ]], [[Order of Aviz|Aviz]] and [[Order of Saint James of the Sword|St. James]]
* [[Order of the Tower and Sword|Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword]]
* [[Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa|Grand Cross of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa]]

;Foreign<ref name="Resenha"/>
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon|Austrian Empire}} {{flagicon|Kingdom of Hungary}} [[Austria-Hungary]]: Grand Cross of the [[Order of St. Stephen of Hungary|Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen]], ''1873''<ref>[http://tornai.com/rendtagok.htm "A Szent István Rend tagjai"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222022855/http://tornai.com/rendtagok.htm|date=22 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{flag|Empire of Brazil}}: [[Order of the Southern Cross|Grand Cross of the Southern Cross]], ''1873''
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[History of Denmark|Denmark]]: [[Order of the Elephant|Knight of the Elephant]], ''7 October 1883''<ref>{{cite book|author=Jørgen Pedersen|title=Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=glw-AQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Syddansk Universitetsforlag|language=da|isbn=978-87-7674-434-2|page=468}}</ref>
* {{flag|German Empire}}:
** [[Order of the Black Eagle|Knight of the Black Eagle]], ''10 September 1883''<ref>{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste|volume=1|chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=17&skin=2021 9]|lang=German|chapter=Schwarzer Adler-orden|location=Berlin|year=1886}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Red Eagle|Grand Cross of the Red Eagle]]
** {{flagicon|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Altenburg}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Meiningen}} [[Ernestine duchies]]: Grand Cross of the [[Saxe-Ernestine House Order]], ''1884''<ref>''[https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00243753/Sachsen_Coburg_Gotha_166999342_1890_0054.tif?logicalDiv=jportal_jparticle_00484309 Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha]'' (1890), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 43</ref>
** {{flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtum Hessen ohne Wappen.svg}} [[Hesse and by Rhine]]: Grand Cross of the [[Ludwig Order]], ''24 September 1883''<ref name="ordensliste">{{citation|title=Großherzoglich Hessische Ordensliste|chapter=Ludewigs-orden|page=7|lang=German|location=Darmstadt|year=1907|publisher=Staatsverlag}}</ref>
** {{flag|Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach}}: [[Order of the White Falcon|Grand Cross of the White Falcon]], ''1883''<ref>''[https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00185861/Staatshandbuch_Film_Nr_16_0245.tif Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200906150133/https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00185861/Staatshandbuch_Film_Nr_16_0245.tif |date=6 September 2020 }}'' (1900), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 16</ref>
** {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Saxony}}: [[Order of the Rue Crown|Knight of the Rue Crown]], ''1883''<ref name="Sachsen1901">{{cite book|author=Sachsen|title=Staatshandbuch für den Königreich Sachsen: 1901|year=1901|publisher=Heinrich|chapter=Königlich Orden|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030492006&view=1up&seq=44&skin=2021 4]|location=Dresden|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}:
** [[Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation|Knight of the Annunciation]], ''31 December 1873''<ref name="dell'interno1898">{{cite book|author=Italia : Ministero dell'interno|title=Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0dnhcmSJ6FcC&pg=PP5|year=1898|publisher=Unione tipografico-editrice|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=0dnhcmSJ6FcC&pg=PA54 54]}}</ref>
** [[Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus|Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus]], ''31 December 1873''
** [[Order of the Crown of Italy|Grand Cross of the Crown of Italy]], ''31 December 1873''
* [[File:Flag of the Papal States (1825-1870).svg|25px]] [[Holy See]]: [[Order of the Holy Sepulchre|Grand Cross of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem]]
* {{flag|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}}: Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion<ref name="p66"/>
* {{flag|Empire of Japan}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of the Chrysanthemum]], ''5 June 1897''<ref>{{cite book|author=刑部芳則|title=明治時代の勲章外交儀礼|url=http://meijiseitoku.org/pdf/f54-5.pdf|year=2017|publisher=明治聖徳記念学会紀要|language=ja|page=149}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Romania}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Carol I]], with Collar, ''1906''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://familiaregala.ro/ordine-si-decoratii/ordinul-carol-i |title=Ordinul Carol I |website=[[Romanian royal family|Familia Regală a României]] |location=Bucharest |language=ro |trans-title=Order of Carol I |access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Siam (1855).svg}} [[Siam]]: Knight of the [[Order of the Royal House of Chakri]], ''23 October 1897''<ref name="Lisbon">{{cite journal |author=Royal Thai Government Gazette |author-link=Royal Thai Government Gazette |date=11 June 1899 |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2442/011/143_2.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304211245/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2442/011/143_2.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2016 |title=พระราชทานเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ที่ประเทศยุโรป (ต่อแผ่นที่ ๑๐ หน้า ๑๓๖)|language=th |access-date=8 May 2019 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Spain|1785}} [[Spain under the Restoration|Kingdom of Spain]]:
** [[Order of the Golden Fleece|Knight of the Golden Fleece]], ''11 December 1866''<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000996413&search=&lang=es|chapter=Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro|title=Guía Oficial de España|date=1908|access-date=15 December 2019|page=152|language=es}}</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[Order of Charles III]], with Collar, ''12 December 1902''<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000996413&search=&lang=es|chapter=Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III|title=Guía Oficial de España|date=1908|access-date=15 December 2019|page=156|language=es}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Sweden|1844}} {{flagicon|Norway|1844}} [[Sweden-Norway]]:
** [[Order of the Seraphim|Knight of the Seraphim]], ''23 May 1873''<ref>{{citation|title=Sveriges statskalender|year=1905|page=440|url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1905/0464.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=6 January 2018|language=sv}}</ref>
** [[Order of St. Olav|Grand Cross of St. Olav]], ''11 October 1883''<ref>{{citation|title=Norges Statskalender|year=1890|pages=595–596|url=https://runeberg.org/norkal/1890/0356.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=6 January 2018|language=no}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}:
** [[Order of the Garter|Stranger Knight Companion of the Garter]], ''9 November 1895''<ref>Shaw, Wm. A. (1906) ''The Knights of England'', '''I''', London, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n159/mode/2up p. 70]</ref>
** Recipient of the [[Royal Victorian Chain]], ''19 November 1902''<ref>Shaw, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n507/mode/2up p. 416]</ref>
* {{flag|Russian Empire}}:
** [[Order of St. Andrew|Knight of St. Andrew]]<ref name="p66">Justus Perthes, ''Almanach de Gotha'' (1908) [https://archive.org/details/almanachdegotha00unse_89/page/n99 p. 66]</ref>
** [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky|Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky]]
** [[Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire)|Knight of the White Eagle]]
** [[Order of St. Anna|Knight of St. Anna]], 1st Class
** [[Order of Saint Stanislaus (House of Romanov)|Knight of St. Stanislaus]], 1st Class
}}

==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Carlos I of Portugal'''
|2= 2. [[Luís I of Portugal]]
|3= 3. [[Maria Pia of Savoy|Princess Maria Pia of Savoy]]
|4= 4. [[Ferdinand II of Portugal]]
|5= 5. [[Maria II of Portugal]]
|6= 6. [[Victor Emmanuel II of Italy]]
|7= 7. [[Adelaide of Austria|Archduchess Adelaide of Austria]]
|8= 8. [[Ferdinand, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry]]
|9= 9. [[Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya]]
|10= 10. [[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal]]
|11= 11. [[Maria Leopoldina of Austria|Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria]]
|12= 12. [[Charles Albert of Sardinia]]
|13= 13. [[Maria Theresa of Austria (1801–1855)|Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria]]
|14= 14. [[Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria|Archduke Rainer of Austria]]
|15= 15. [[Princess Elisabeth of Savoy]]
}}

== Citations ==
{{Reflist}}

== General references==
* Jean Pailler: ''D. Carlos I – Rei de Portugal: Destino Maldito de um Rei Sacrificado''. Bertrand, Lisbon, 2001, {{ISBN|978-972-25-1231-2}}
* Jean Pailler: ''Maria Pia: A Mulher que Queria Ser Rainha de Portugal''. Bertrand, Lisbon, 2006, {{ISBN|972-25-1467-9}}
* Manuel Amaral: ''Portugal – Dicionário Histórico, Corográfico, Heráldico, Biográfico, Bibliográfico, Numismático e Artístico'', Volume II, 1904–1915, págs. 759
* Rui Ramos: ''D. Carlos'', Temas e Debates, Lisbon, 2007.
* New York Times: February 2 ,1908 Issue https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/02/02/issue.html

{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[House of Braganza]]|28 September|1863|1 February|1908|[[House of Aviz]]}}
{{s-reg}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Luís I of Portugal|Luís I]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[King of Portugal]]|years=19 October 1889 – 1 February 1908}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]]}}
|-
{{s-roy|pt}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Pedro V of Portugal|Pedro V]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Prince Royal of Portugal]]|years={{nowrap|28 September 1863 – 19 October 1889}}}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal|Luís Filipe]]}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=[[Duke of Braganza]]|years=28 September 1863 – 19 October 1889}}
{{s-end}}

{{Monarchs of Portugal}}
{{Dukes of Braganza}}
{{Portuguese infantes}}
{{House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Portugal)}}
{{Princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carlos 01 Of Portugal}}
[[Category:1863 births]]
[[Category:1908 murders in Portugal]]
[[Category:1908 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Portuguese monarchs]]
[[Category:20th-century murdered monarchs]]
[[Category:20th-century Portuguese monarchs]]
[[Category:Assassinated Portuguese people]]
[[Category:Burials at the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Portugal]]
[[Category:Dukes of Braganza]]
[[Category:Extra Knights Companion of the Garter]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Aviz|3]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal)|3]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint James of the Sword|3]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary]]
[[Category:House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain]]
[[Category:Knights of the Holy Sepulchre]]
[[Category:Oceanographers]]
[[Category:Nobility from Lisbon]]
[[Category:People murdered in Portugal]]
[[Category:Portuguese people of Italian descent]]
[[Category:Portuguese royalty]]
[[Category:Portuguese Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Princes Royal of Portugal]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia)]]
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