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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Type of revolution}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2019}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2022}}
{{Communism sidebar|expanded=Aspects}}
{{Revolution sidebar}}
A '''communist revolution''' is a [[proletarian revolution]] inspired by the ideas of [[Marxism]] that aims to replace [[capitalism]] with [[communism]].{{sfn|Lazar|2011|p=311}} Depending on the type of government, the term [[socialism]] can be used to indicate an intermediate stage between capitalism and communism and may be the goal of the revolution, especially in [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] views.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Štromas |editor1-first=Alexander |editor2-last=Faulkner |editor2-first=Alexander Robert K. |editor3-last=Mahoney |editor3-first=Alexander Daniel J. |date=2003 |title=Totalitarianism and the Prospects for World Order: Closing the Door on the Twentieth Century |location=Oxford, England; Lanham, Maryland |publisher=[[Lexington Books]] |page=18 |isbn=978-0-7391-0534-4}}</ref> The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of [[Marxism]];<ref>{{cite book |last=Calvert |first=Peter |date=1990 |chapter=Interpretation |title=Revolution and Counter-Revolution |publisher=[[Open University Press]] |pages=37–39 |isbn=0-335-15398-4}}</ref>{{sfn|Jessop|1972|pp=28–29}} Marxists believe that the [[Workers of the world, unite!|workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression]] to create a world run by and for the [[working class]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Friedrich |last=Engels |author-link=Friedrich Engels |title=The Principles of Communism |date=October–November 1847 |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |quote=Further, it has co-ordinated the social development of the civilized countries to such an extent that, in all of them, bourgeoisie and proletariat have become the decisive classes, and the struggle between them the great struggle of the day. It follows that the communist revolution will not merely be a national phenomenon but must take place simultaneously in all civilized countries – that is to say, at least in England, America, France, and Germany. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119031334/https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm |archive-date=19 January 2024}}</ref> Thus, in the Marxist view, proletarian revolutions need to [[Proletarian internationalism|happen in countries all over the world]].

== Theory ==
[[Karl Marx]] saw revolution as a necessity for communism, where the revolution would be based on class struggle lead by the organised proletariat to overthrow capitalism and the [[bourgeoisie]], followed by the establishment of a [[dictatorship of the proletariat]].{{sfn|Lazar|2011|p=311}}

[[Leninism]] argues<ref>{{cite book |orig-date=18–23 March 1919 |first=V. I. |last=Lenin |author-link=Vladimir Lenin |chapter=Eighth Congress of the R.C.P.(B.) |title=Lenin's Collected Works |edition=4th English |publisher=[[Progress Publishers]] |location=Moscow |date=1972 |volume=29 |pages=141–225 |url=http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1919/rcp8th/ |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216144451/https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1919/rcp8th/ |archive-date=16 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Cohen |first=Mitchell |date=Fall 2017 |title=What Lenin's Critics Got Right |url=https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/lenin-menshevik-critics-right-bolshevism-stalinism/ |magazine=[[Dissent (American magazine)|Dissent Magazine]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111185306/https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/lenin-menshevik-critics-right-bolshevism-stalinism/ |archive-date=11 January 2024}}</ref> that a communist revolution must be led by a [[Vanguardism|vanguard]] of "professional revolutionaries", men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the [[revolutionary movement]].<ref name="D'Amato">{{cite magazine |last=D'Amato |first=Paul |date=2014 |title=Marx, Lenin, and Luxemburg |url=https://isreview.org/issue/92/marx-lenin-and-luxemburg/index.html |magazine=[[International Socialist Review (1997)|International Socialist Review]] |access-date=22 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604190242/ttps://isreview.org/issue/92/marx-lenin-and-luxemburg/index.html |archive-date=4 June 2023}}</ref> Thus meaning that under Lenin’s framework a communist revolution is not necessarily a proletarian revolution.<ref>{{cite journal |first=Enfu |last=Cheng |date=2021 |title=What Is the Scientific Nature and Contemporary Value of Leninism?—A Discussion with Professor David Lane |journal=[[International Critical Thought]] |volume=11 |number=4 |pages=638–654 |doi=10.1080/21598282.2021.2012738 |s2cid=245804148}}</ref> Some Marxists, such as [[Rosa Luxemburg]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Várnagy |first=Tomás |date=19 April 2021 |title=A Central European Revolutionary |url=https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/44139/a-central-european-revolutionary |website=[[Rosa Luxemburg Foundation]] |access-date=22 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010101156/https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/44139/a-central-european-revolutionary |archive-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="D'Amato"/> disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin, especially [[Left communism|left communists]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Mattick |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Mattick |date=August 1938 |title=The Masses & The Vanguard |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1938/mass-vanguard.htm |magazine=[[ International Council Correspondence|Living Marxism]] |volume=4 |number=4 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215224312/https://www.marxists.org/archive/mattick-paul/1938/mass-vanguard.htm |archive-date=15 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Pannekoek |first=Anton |author-link=Anton Pannekoek |date=1941 |title=The Party and Class |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1936/party-class.htm |magazine=Modern Socialism |volume=2 |pages=7–10 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217012600/https://www.marxists.org/archive/pannekoe/1936/party-class.htm |archive-date=17 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite interview |url=http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/20130312.htm |title=Noam Chomsky on Revolutionary Violence, Communism and the American Left |first=Noam |last=Chomsky |author-link=Noam Chomsky |interviewer=Christopher Helali |work=Pax Marxista |date=12 March 2013 |via=chomsky.info |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729214117/http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/20130312.htm |archive-date=29 July 2015}}</ref> Another line of criticisms insist that the entire working class—or at least a large part of it—must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful. To this end, they seek to build massive [[Communist party|communist parties]] with very large memberships.

== Communist revolutions and coups throughout history ==
{{Incomplete list|date=February 2024}}
The following is a list of successful and unsuccessful communist revolutions and coups throughout history. Among the lesser-known revolutions, a number of borderline cases have been included which may or may not have been communist revolutions. The nature of unsuccessful revolutions is particularly contentious since one can only speculate as to the kinds of policies that would have been implemented by the revolutionaries had they achieved victory.

=== Successful ===
* 1917–1923: The [[October Revolution]] and the subsequent [[Russian Civil War]] led to the establishment of the [[Soviet Union]].
* 1921: [[Mongolian Revolution of 1921]]
* 1927–1949: The [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] led to the establishment of the [[China|People's Republic of China]] and fleeing of the Republic of China to Taiwan.
* 1941–1945: [[World War II in Yugoslavia|Yugoslav People's Liberation War]]
* 1942–1945: [[National Liberation Movement (Albania)]]
* 1944: [[1944 Bulgarian coup d'état|Bulgarian coup d'état]].
* 1945: [[August Revolution]]
* 1946–1954: [[First Indochina War]]
* 1948: [[1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état|Czechoslovak coup d'état]].
* 1953–1959: The [[Cuban Revolution]].
* 1955–1975: [[Vietnam War]]
* 1959–1975: [[Laotian Civil War]]
* 1961–1974: [[Angolan War of Independence]]
* 1961–1979: The [[Nicaraguan Revolution]] sees the Sandinistas oust the Somoza government.
* 1963: ''[[Trois Glorieuses (1963)|Les Trois Glorieuses]]'' in [[Republic of the Congo|Congo-Brazzaville]].
* 1968–1975: [[Cambodian Civil War]]
* 1969: The [[Corrective Move]] in South Yemen.
* 1969: The [[1969 Somali coup d'état|Somali coup d'état]] led to the formation of the [[Somali Democratic Republic]].
* 1972: [[Mathieu Kérékou]] leads a military coup in Benin, leading to the creation of the [[People's Republic of Benin]].
* 1974: [[Carnation Revolution]] (while the revolution overthrew the [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Estado Novo]], the demands for a workers’ democracy were quashed by the center-left [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Socialist Party]])
* 1974: The [[1974 Ethiopian coup d'état]].
* 1978: The [[Saur Revolution]] leads to the establishment of the [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]] and the start of the [[Afghan conflict]].
* 1979: The [[New Jewel Movement]] overthrow's [[Eric Gairy|Eric Gairy's]] government in Grenada, creating the [[People's Revolutionary Government]].
* 1983: The [[1983 Upper Voltan coup d'état|Upper Voltan coup d'état]] led by [[Thomas Sankara]] and [[Blaise Compaoré]]. [[Republic of Upper Volta|Upper Volta]] was renamed [[Burkina Faso]]. [[Blaise Compaoré]] led the [[1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état]], which killed [[Thomas Sankara]] and reversed his far-left policies.
* 1996–2006: [[Nepalese Civil War]].

=== Unsuccessful ===
* 1871: [[Paris Commune]]
* 1915–1920: [[Jungle Movement of Gilan]]
* 1916: [[Easter Rising]]
* 1918: [[Finnish Civil War]]
* 1918–1925: [[Canadian Labour Revolt]]
* 1918: [[Aster Revolution]]
* 1918–1919: [[German Revolution of 1918–19]]
* 1918: [[Red Week (Netherlands)|Red Week]]
* 1918: [[Luxembourg communist revolution]]
* 1918–1920: [[Estonian War of Independence]]
* 1919–1923: [[Irish soviets]]
* 1919: [[Hungarian Soviet Republic]]
* 1919: [[Bender Uprising]]
* 1920: [[1920 Georgian coup attempt|Georgian coup attempt]]
* 1921: [[Proština rebellion]]
* 1923: [[September Uprising]]
* 1923: [[Hamburg Uprising]]
* 1924: [[Tatarbunary Uprising]]
* 1924: [[1924 Estonian coup attempt|Estonian coup d'état attempt]]
* 1932: [[1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising]]
* 1935: [[Brazilian communist uprising of 1935|Brazilian communist uprising]]
* 1936–1937: [[Spanish Revolution of 1936]]
* 1942–1954: [[Hukbalahap Rebellion]]
* 1946–1951: [[Telangana Rebellion]]
* 1948–1949: [[Jeju uprising]]
* 1948–1989: [[Communist insurgency in Burma]]
* 1948–1960: [[Malayan Emergency]]
* 1948: [[Madiun Affair]]
* 1960–1996: [[Guatemalan Civil War]]
* 1962–1990: [[Communist insurgency in Sarawak]]
* 1964–present: [[Colombian conflict]]
* 1965–1983: [[Communist insurgency in Thailand]]
* 1967–present: [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]]
* 1968–1989: [[Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)|Communist insurgency in Malaysia]]
* 1969–present: [[New People's Army rebellion]]
* 1970: [[Teoponte Guerrilla]]
* 1971: [[1971 JVP insurrection|JVP insurrection]]
* 1971: [[1971 Sudanese coup d'état|Sudanese coup d'état]]
* 1972–1974: [[Araguaia Guerrilla War]]
* 1972–present: [[Maoist insurgency in Turkey]]
* 1975: [[7 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état]]
* 1979–1992: [[Salvadoran Civil War]]
* 1980–present: [[Internal conflict in Peru]]
* 1982: [[1982 Amol uprising|Amol uprising]]
* 1987–1989: [[1987–1989 JVP insurrection|JVP insurrection]]
* 2021–present: [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]]
* 2021–present: [[2021–2023 Eswatini protests|Eswatini protests]]

=== Table of revolutions ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Start date
!End date
!Duration
!Event(s)
!State
!Rebel group
![[Revolutionary base area]]
!Deaths
!Result
!colspan=3|Notes
|-
|{{start date|1871|03|18|df=y}}
|{{end date|1871|05|28|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1871|03|18|1871|05|28|duration=yes}}){{sfn|Carlisle|2005|pp=95–96}}
|[[Paris Commune]]{{sfn|Carlisle|2005|pp=95–96}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Milza |first=Pierre |title=L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) |language=fr |trans-title=The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871) |year=2009 |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-262-03073-5}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|French Third Republic}}
|
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Communards]]
* [[National Guard (France)|National Guards]]
|[[Paris]]
|7,544 killed overall<ref>{{cite book |last=Milza |first=Pierre |title=L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) |language=fr |trans-title=The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871) |year=2009a |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-262-03073-5}}</ref><ref name="Versailles1875">{{citation |title=Rapport d'ensemble de M. le Général Appert sur les opérations de la justice militaire relatives à l'insurrection de 1871 |language=fr |trans-title=Overall report by General Appert on the operations of military justice relating to the 1871 insurrection |publisher=Assemblée nationale |chapter=annexe au procès verbal de la session du 20 juillet 1875 |trans-chapter=appendix to the minutes of the session of July 20, 1875 |location=Versailles |date=1875}}</ref>
|Revolt suppressed<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/ch05.htm |title=Third Party Address [The Paris Commune] |date=May 1871 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117130823/https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/ch05.htm |archive-date=17 January 2024}}</ref>
* {{nowrap|Disbanding the Second National Guard<br/>by the French government}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1915|10|01|df=y}}{{sfn|Zirinsky|1994|pp=49–50}}
|{{end date|1920|06|05|df=y}}<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Jangali Movement |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |date=10 April 2012 |orig-date=15 December 2008 |series=Fasc. 5 |volume=XIV |pages=534–544 |publisher=Bibliotheca Persica Press |location=New York City |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/jangali-movement |last1=Dailami |first1=Pezhmann |editor-last=Yarshater |editor-first=Ehsan |editor-link=Ehsan Yarshater |access-date=8 February 2018}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1915|10|01|1920|06|05|duration=yes}})
|[[Jungle Movement of Gilan|Jangal Movement]]
|{{flagicon image|State flag of Persia (1907–1933).svg}} [[Qajar Iran]]
|Jangal revolutionaries<ref>{{cite book |first=Homa |last=Katouzian |title=The Political Economy of Modern Iran: Despotism and Pseudo-Modernism, 1926–1979 |location=London |publisher=MacMillan |date=1981 |page=75}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Hooshang |last=Amirahmadi |title=The Political Economy of Iran under the Qajars: Society, Politics, Economics and Foreign Relations 1799 to 1921 |location=London |publisher=[[I.B. Tauris]] |date=2012 |page=xiv |isbn=978-1-8488-5672-1}}</ref>
|[[Gilan province]]
|
|Establishment of the [[Persian Socialist Soviet Republic]]{{sfn|Zirinsky|1994|pp=49–50}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The Persian Socialist Soviet Republic was invaded and reincorporated into Qajar Iran in November 1921.{{sfn|Zirinsky|1994|p=57}}}}
|-
|{{start date|1916|04|24|df=y}}
|{{end date|1916|04|29|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1916|04|24|1916|04|29|duration=yes}})
|[[Easter Rising]]
|{{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|name=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}
|{{flagicon|Irish Republic|1916}} Irish rebel forces
* [[Irish Citizen Army]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Townshend |first=Charles |date=2006 |title=Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion |location=London |publisher=Ivan R. Dee Inc. |isbn=978-1566637046}}</ref>
|[[Dublin]]
|485 killed<ref name=necrology>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/__uuid/55a29fab-3b24-41dd-a1d9-12d148a78f74/Glasnevin-Trust-1916-Necrology-485.pdf |title=1916 Necrology |website=[[Glasnevin Cemetery|Glasnevin Trust]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214221924/http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/__uuid/55a29fab-3b24-41dd-a1d9-12d148a78f74/Glasnevin-Trust-1916-Necrology-485.pdf |archive-date=14 December 2017}}</ref><ref name=Glasnevin>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/1916-list/ |title=1916 list |website=[[Glasnevin Cemetery|Glasnevin Trust]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405042053/http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/1916-list/ |archive-date=5 April 2017}}</ref><ref name=sh>{{cite book |title=Sinn Fein Rebellion handbook, Easter, 1916 |date=1916 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sinnfeinrebellio00dubl/page/52 52] |publisher=[[Irish Times]] |url=https://archive.org/details/sinnfeinrebellio00dubl}}</ref>
|Unconditional surrender of rebel forces,<ref>{{cite book |last=Townshend |first=Charles |date=2006 |title=Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion |location=London |publisher=Ivan R. Dee Inc. |isbn=978-1566637046 |pages=243–246}}</ref> execution of most leaders.<ref>{{cite book |title=Secular Martyrdom in Britain and Ireland |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |year=2018 |isbn=978-3-319-62904-9 |editor1-last=Outram |editor1-first=Quentin |pages=165–194 |editor2-last=Laybourn |editor2-first=Keith}}</ref>
|colspan=3|{{efn|While not explicitly Communist in Nature, the Easter Rising of 1916 was supported by Marxist groups such as the Irish Citizen Army.}}
|-
|{{start date|1917|11|07|df=y}}
|{{end date|1917|11|07|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1917|11|07|1917|11|07|duration=yes}}){{sfn|Carlisle|2005|p=96}}
|[[October Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Russian Republic}}
|{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Bolsheviks]]<br />{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Petrograd Soviet]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Left Socialist-Revolutionaries|Left SRs]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Red Guards (Russia)|Red Guards]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Flag of Afghanistan (1880–1901).svg}} [[Anarchists]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Russian Revolution |url=https://www.history.com/topics/russia/russian-revolution |date=20 April 2023 |website=[[History Channel]] |access-date=23 August 2023}}<br />{{cite news |title=Июльский кризис |trans-title=July Crisis |url=http://www.azarov.net/04_hi/print/ju_cr.htm |date=September 2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020100443/http://www.azarov.net/04_hi/print/ju_cr.htm |archive-date=20 October 2007 |newspaper=[[Nabat]] |issue=1 |via=Azarov.net |language=ru |access-date=23 August 2023}}</ref>
|[[Petrograd]]
|Few wounded Red Guard soldiers<ref>{{cite web |title=Russian Revolution |website=history.com |date=9 November 2009 |url=https://www.history.com/topics/russia/russian-revolution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826013759/https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/russian-revolution |archive-date=26 August 2023}}</ref>
|Bolshevik victory<br>Start of the [[Russian Civil War]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Carr |first=E. H. |year=1985 |title=The Bolshevik Revolution 1917–1923 |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |url-access=registration |pages=111–116 |isbn=9780393301953 |url=https://archive.org/details/bolshevikrevolut01carr}}</ref>
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|01|27|df=y}}
|{{end date|1918|05|15|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|01|27|1918|05|15|duration=yes}})
|[[Finnish Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Finland}}
|
* {{flagicon image|Red flag.svg}} [[Red Guards (Finland)|Finnish Reds]]
* {{flagicon|Soviet Russia|1918}} [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Soviet Russia]]
|Finland
|38,300 killed<ref>{{harvnb|Paavolainen|1966|pp=}}, {{harvnb|Paavolainen|1967|pp=}}, {{harvnb|Paavolainen|1971|pp=}}, {{harvnb|Upton|1980|pp=191–200, 453–460}}, {{harvnb|Eerola|Eerola|1998|}}, {{harvnb|National Archive of Finland|2004}}, {{harvnb|Roselius|2004|pp=165–176}}, {{harvnb|Westerlund|Kalleinen|2004|pp=267–271}}, {{harvnb|Westerlund|2004a|pp=53–72}}, {{harvnb|Tikka|2014|pp=90–118}}</ref>
| [[White Guard (Finland) |Finnish Whites]] victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|08|02|df=y}}
|{{end date|1925|06|11|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|08|02|1925|06|11|duration=yes}})
|[[Canadian Labour Revolt]]
|{{flagcountry|Dominion of Canada|1907}}
|
* [[One Big Union (Canada)|One Big Union]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kealey |first=G. S. |date=1984 |title=1919: The Canadian Labor Revolt |journal=Plowing / Le Travail |volume=13 |pages=11–44 |doi=10.2307/25140399 |jstor=25140399 |url=http://www.lltjournal.ca/index.php/llt/article/view/2600}}</ref>
* [[Communist Party of Canada]]
|Canada
|
|Failure of the revolt
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|10|28|df=y}}
|{{end date|1918|10|31|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|10|28|1918|10|31|duration=yes}})
|[[Aster Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Austria-Hungary}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hungary (1867-1918).svg}} [[Kingdom of Hungary (1867–1918)|Kingdom of Hungary]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Hungary (1918-1919; 3-2 aspect ratio).svg}} [[Hungarian National Council]] 
* [[Hungarian Social Democratic Party]]
* Soldiers' Councils
|Hungary
|
|[[First Hungarian Republic|Revolutionary]] victory
* Hungary terminated [[Austria-Hungary]] 
* End of the [[First World War]] in Hungary
* Establishment of [[First Hungarian People's Republic]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Cornelius |first=Deborah S. |date=25 February 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CInVseCvW-wC&pg=PA9 |title=Hungary in World War II: Caught in the Cauldron |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |isbn=9780823233434 |pages=10 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Rudnytsky |first1=Peter L. |last2=Bokay |first2=Antal |last3=Giampieri-Deutsch |first3=Patrizia |date=1 July 2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kCEVCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43 |title=Ferenczi's Turn in Psychoanalysis |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |isbn=978-0814775455 |pages=43 |language=en}}</ref>
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|10|29|df=y}}
|{{end date|1919|08|11|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|10|29|1919|08|11|duration=yes}})
|[[German Revolution of 1918–19]]{{sfn|Hoffrogge|2014|pp=3–4}}{{sfn|Le Blanc|2006|pp=138–139}}
|{{flagcountry|German Empire|name=German Empire}} {{small|(1918)}}<br/>{{flagcountry|Weimar Republic|name=German Republic}} {{small|(1918–1919)}}
|{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} '''Communist revolutionaries''':
* [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]] {{small|(until 9 Nov. 1918)}}
* {{flagicon image|USPD logo, 1920.svg}} [[Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany|USPD]] {{small|(from 9 Nov. 1918)}}{{sfn|Hoffrogge|2014|pp=3–4}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Spartacus League (1918 variant).svg}} [[Spartacus League]] {{sfn|Hoffrogge|2014|p=5}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Germany.svg}} [[Communist Party of Germany|KPD]]
* [[International Communists of Germany (1918)|IKD]]{{sfn|Hoffrogge|2014|pp=97–98}}
* [[Revolutionary Stewards]]<ref>{{cite book |first=Ralf |last=Hoffrogge |author-link=:de:Ralf Hoffrogge |chapter=From Unionism to Workers' Councils – The Revolutionary Shop Stewards in Germany 1914–1918 |editor1-first=Immanuel |editor1-last=Ness |editor2-first=Dario |editor2-last=Azzellini |title=Ours to Master and to Own: Worker's Control from the Commune to the Present |publisher=[[Haymarket Books]] |location=Chicago |date=2011}}</ref>
* [[Free Association of German Trade Unions|FVdG]]
'''Soviet Republics:'''
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[People's State of Bavaria]] {{small|(until March 1919)}}
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Bavarian Soviet Republic]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gaab |first1=Jeffrey S. |title=Munich: Hofbräuhaus & History: Beer, Culture, and Politics |publisher=[[ Peter Lang (publisher)|Peter Lang]] / International Academic Publishers |year=2006 |isbn=978-0820486062 |page=58}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Mitchell |first=Allan |date=1965 |title=Revolution in Bavaria, 1918–1919: The Eisner Regime and the Soviet Republic |location=Princeton, New Jersey |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |page=346 |isbn=978-1400878802}}</ref>{{sfn|Pons|2014|pp=16–17}}
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Bremen Soviet Republic]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Schröder |first1=Ulrich |title=Bremen in der Deutschen Revolution 1918/1919: Revolution, Räterepublik, Restauration |trans-title=Bremen in the German Revolution 1918/1919: Revolution, Soviet Republic, Restoration |last2=Kuckuk |first2=Peter |publisher=Falkenberg |year=2017 |isbn=978-3954941155 |pages=48 |language=German}}</ref>
* [[Soviet Republic of Saxony|Saxon Soviet Republic]]<ref>{{cite journal |first=Donald B. |last=Pryce |title=The Reich Government versus Saxony, 1923: The Decision to Intervene |journal=[[Central European History]] |volume=10 |number=2 |date=June 1977 |pages=112–147 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |doi=10.1017/S0008938900018367 |jstor=4545794 |s2cid=143820323}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Würzburg Soviet Republic]]
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine#Council of Strasbourg|Alsace-Lorraine Soviet Republic]]
|Various regions of Germany
|150–196<ref>{{cite book |last=Jones |first=Mark |year=2016 |title=Founding Weimar: Violence and the German Revolution of 1918–1919 |pages=196–199 |location=Cambridge |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-107-11512-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJhRDQAAQBAJ |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
|
* Fall of the [[German Empire]]
* Suppression of leftist uprisings, including the [[Spartacist uprising]]
* End of the [[World War I|First World War]]
* Establishment of the [[Weimar Republic]]
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|11|09|df=y}}
|{{end date|1918|11|14|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|11|09|1918|11|14|duration=yes}})
|[[Red Week (Netherlands)|Red Week]]
|{{flagcountry|Netherlands}}
|{{flagicon image|SDAP logo.svg}} [[Social Democratic Workers' Party (Netherlands) |Faction of the Social Democratic Workers' Party]]<ref>{{cite journal |first=R. |last=Bouwman |title=Troelstra en het succes van zijn mislukte revolutie |language=nl |trans-title=Troelstra and the success of his failed revolution |journal=Socialisme en Democratie |volume=38 |number=7/8 |location=Amsterdam |date=1981 |page=23}}</ref>
|
|
|No revolution
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|11|10|df=y}}<ref name="RTL">{{cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Luxembourg's history: Mutiny in the Grand Duchy |url=https://today.rtl.lu/luxembourg-insider/history/a/1690130.html |access-date=1 September 2023 |website=[[RTL (Luxembourgian TV channel)|RTL]] |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119124028/https://today.rtl.lu/luxembourg-insider/history/a/1690130.html |archive-date=19 January 2024}}</ref>
|{{end date|1919|01|14|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|11|10|1919|01|14|duration=yes}})
|[[Luxembourg rebellions|Luxembourg communist revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Luxembourg}}
|Assorted communists, socialists, and liberals
|
|
|French Army victory<ref name="RTL"/>
* Abdication of [[Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg|Marie-Adélaïde]]
* [[1919 Luxembourg referendum]]
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1918|11|28|df=y}}
|{{end date|1920|02|02|df=y}}<ref name="Rauch">{{cite book |first=Georg von |last=Rauch |title=The Baltic States: The Years of Independence 1917–1940 |publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]] |date=1974 |page=73}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|11|28|1920|02|02|duration=yes}})
|[[Estonian War of Independence]]
|{{flagcountry|Estonia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Commune of the Working People of Estonia.svg}} [[Commune of the Working People of Estonia|Estonian Worker's Commune]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Eesti ajalugu |language=et |trans-title=History of Estonia |author1-link=Küllo Arjakas |first1=Küllo |last1=Arjakas |author2-link=Mati Laur |first2=Mati |last2=Laur |author3-link=Tõnis Lukas |first3=Tõnis |last3=Lukas |author4-link=Ain Mäesalu |first4=Ain |last4=Mäesalu |publisher=[[Koolibri]] |location=[[Tallinn]] |date=1991 |page=261}}</ref><br/>{{flag|Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|1918|name=RSFSR}}<br/>{{flagicon image|Flag of Latvian SSR (1918-1920).svg}} [[Red Latvian Riflemen]]
|
|3,988+ killed<ref>{{cite web |title=Vabadussoja Ajaloo Selts |language=et |trans-title=Freedom Soy History Society |url=http://vas.muuseum.ee/vs_langenud.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212161501/http://vas.muuseum.ee/vs_langenud.html |archive-date=12 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mil.ee/et/arhiiv/5556/kaitsev%C3%A4gi-m%C3%A4lestab-vabaduss%C3%B5jas-langenuid |title=Kaitsevägi mälestab Vabadussõjas langenuid - Kaitsevägi |language=et |trans-title=Defense Forces commemorates those who fell in the War of Independence - Defense Forces |access-date=11 November 2017 |archive-date=14 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014095042/http://www.mil.ee/et/arhiiv/5556/kaitsev%25C3%25A4gi-m%25C3%25A4lestab-vabaduss%25C3%25B5jas-langenuid |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kaevats |first=Ülo |title=Eesti Entsüklopeedia |language=et |trans-title=Estonian Encyclopedia |volume=5 |page=396 |publisher=Valgus |date=1990 |isbn=5-89900-009-0}}</ref>
| [[Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)|Treaty of Tartu]]:<ref name="Rauch"/> {{bulleted list|Independence of Estonia<ref name="Rauch"/>|[[Vidzeme]] gained by the Republic of Latvia}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1919|01|29|df=y}}<ref>{{cite news |last=McNally |first=F. |date=2015 |title=Political asylum – An Irishman's Diary on mental health and the Monaghan Soviet |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/political-asylum-an-irishman-s-diary-on-mental-health-and-the-monaghan-soviet-1.2202341 |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422074839/https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/political-asylum-an-irishman-s-diary-on-mental-health-and-the-monaghan-soviet-1.2202341?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fopinion%2Fpolitical-asylum-an-irishman-s-diary-on-mental-health-and-the-monaghan-soviet-1.2202341 |archive-date=22 April 2019}}</ref>
|{{end date|1923|05|24|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1919|01|29|1923|05|24|duration=yes}})
|[[Irish soviets]]<ref name="general strike">{{cite web |url=http://www.theirishstory.com/2013/06/06/the-general-strike-and-irish-independence/ |title=The General Strike and Irish independence |last=Dorney |first=John |date=6 June 2013 |website=The Irish Story |access-date=30 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131201346/https://www.theirishstory.com/2013/06/06/the-general-strike-and-irish-independence/ |archive-date=31 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="Lee">{{citation |last=Lee |first=D. |date=2003 |title=The Munster Soviets and the Fall of the House of Cleeve |work=Made In Limerick |url=http://www.limerickcity.ie/media/limerick%20soviet%2015.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604085955/http://www.limerickcity.ie/media/limerick%20soviet%2015.pdf |archive-date=4 June 2019 |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="Nielsen">{{cite web |url=https://whistlinginthewind.org/2012/10/08/irish-soviets-1919-23/ |title=Irish Soviets 1919-23 |last=Nielsen |first=Robert |date=8 October 2012 |website=Whistling in the Wind |access-date=30 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131145458/https://whistlinginthewind.org/2012/10/08/irish-soviets-1919-23/ |archive-date=31 January 2019}}</ref>
||{{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|name=United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} {{small|(1919–1921)}}<br/>{{flagicon image|Flag of Ireland.svg}} [[Irish Free State]] {{small|(1921–1923)}}
|{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} Irish soviets
|[[Ireland]]
|
|{{bulleted list|Soviets shutdown| Majority of individuals involved arrested]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The Irish soviets, declared during the revolutionary period of the [[Irish War of Independence|Irish war of independence]] and the [[Irish Civil War|Irish civil war]], which were defeated by the Irish Free State forces.}}
|-
|{{start date|1919|03|23|df=y}}
|{{end date|1919|08|01|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1919|03|23|1919|08|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Hungarian Soviet Republic]]{{efn|{{bulleted list|[[Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)]]|[[Hungarian–Romanian War]]}}}}{{sfn|Le Blanc|2006|pp=138–139}}
|{{flagcountry|First Hungarian Republic}}
|{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Hungarian Soviet Republic]]<ref name="Völgyes">{{cite journal |last=Völgyes |first=Iván |year=1970 |title=The Hungarian Dictatorship of 1919: Russian Example versus Hungarian Reality |journal=[[East European Quarterly]] |volume=1 |issue=4 |issn=0012-8449}}</ref>
|Hungary
|6,670 killed<ref name="Clodfelter 2017">{{cite book |last=Clodfelter |first=Micheal |date=2017 |title=Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015 |publisher=[[McFarland & Company|McFarland]] |pages=344–345 |isbn=978-1-4766-2585-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kNzCDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA344 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
|{{bulleted list|Collapse of the Hungarian Soviet Republic| Romanian occupation of most of Hungary|[[Treaty of Trianon]]|[[Miklós Horthy]] takes power as [[Regent of Hungary]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|Led by [[Béla Kun]],{{sfn|Völgyes|1970|p=58}} defeated after five months.{{sfn|Pons|2014|pp=16–17}}}}
|-
|{{start date|1919|05|27|df=y}}
|{{end date|1919|05|27|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1919|05|27|1919|05|27|duration=yes}})
|[[Bender Uprising]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Romania}}
|{{flagicon image|Red flag.svg}} [[Red Guards (Russia)|Red Guards]]<br>{{flagcountry|Ukrainian SSR|1927}}
|Tighina
|150<ref>{{cite book |first=Jonathan D. |last=Smele |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |date=2015 |title=Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916-1926 |page=190}}</ref>
|Romanian–French victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1920|05|02|df=y}}
|{{end date|1920|05|03|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1920|05|02|1920|05|03|duration=yes}})
|[[1920 Georgian coup attempt]]
|{{flagicon|Georgia|1990}} [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]]
|{{flagicon|Russia|1918}} Georgian [[Bolsheviks]]
|Georgia
|Several killed
|Government Victory <ref name="kazem">{{cite book |author-link=Firuz Kazemzadeh |last=Kazemzadeh |first=Firuz |date=1951 |title=The Struggle for Transcaucasia, 1917–1921 |pages=296, 314 |publisher=The New York Philosophical Library}}</ref><ref name="Lang"> {{cite book |author-link=David Marshall Lang |last=Lang |first=David Marshall |date=1962 |title=A Modern History of Georgia |pages=225–226 |location=[[London]] |publisher=[[Weidenfeld and Nicolson]]}}</ref><ref name="pipes"> {{cite book |author-link=Richard Pipes |last=Pipes |first=Richard |date=1954 |title=The Formation of the Soviet Union, Communism and Nationalism, 1917–1923 |page=227 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]}}</ref>
* [[Treaty of Moscow (1920)|Treaty of Moscow]] signed<ref>{{cite web |date=26 August 2015 |title=Georgian Independence |url=http://soviethistory.msu.edu/1921-2/transcaucasia/transcaucasia-texts/georgian-independence/ |access-date=13 November 2021 |website=Seventeen Moments in Soviet History |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904132358/https://soviethistory.msu.edu/1921-2/transcaucasia/transcaucasia-texts/georgian-independence/ |archive-date=4 September 2023}}</ref>
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1921|03|01|df=y}}
|{{end date|1921|07|11|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1921|03|01|1921|07|11|duration=yes}})
|[[Mongolian Revolution of 1921]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Bogd Khaanate Mongolia.svg}} [[Bogd Khanate of Mongolia]]<br/>{{flagicon image| Flag of China (1912–1928).svg}} [[Occupation of Mongolia|Outer Mongolia]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mongolian People's Republic (1921–1924).svg}} [[Mongolian People's Party]]<ref>{{cite book |first1=G. |last1=Kungurov |first2=I. |last2=Sorokovikov |script-title=ru:Аратская революция |title=Aratskaya revolyutsiya |language=ru |trans-title=Herdsmen’s revolution |location=Irkutsk |publisher=Irkutskoe Kniznoe Izd. |date=1957 |page=84}}</ref>
|[[Outer Mongolia]]
|
|Mongolian communist victory:<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ewing |first=Thomas E. |title=Russia, China, and the Origins of the Mongolian People's Republic, 1911–1921: A Reappraisal |location=London |date=July 1980 |journal=[[Slavonic and East European Review]] |volume=58 |number=3 |pages=399–421 [419] |jstor=4208079}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Nasanbaljir |first=Ts. |title=Revolyutsionnye meropriyatiya narodogo pravitel'stva Mongolii v. 1921–1924 gg. |language=ru |trans-title=Revolutionary measures of the Mongolian people's government, 1921–1924 |location=Moscow |date=1960 |pages=22–23}}</ref> {{bulleted list |Collapse of the Bogd Khanate |End of [[Occupation of Mongolia|Chinese control over Mongolia]] |Creation of the [[Mongolian People's Republic]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1921|02|02|df=y}}
|{{end date|1921|04|05|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1921|02|02|1921|04|05|duration=yes}})
|[[Proština rebellion]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Italy}}
|Civilians led by [[Ante Ciliga]]<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |date=8 July 2014 |title=Proštinska buna |trans-title=Proština rebellion |url=https://www.istrapedia.hr/en/natuknice/792/prostinska-buna |encyclopedia=[[Istrapedia]] |language=hr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422112947/https://www.istrapedia.hr/en/natuknice/792/prostinska-buna |archive-date=22 April 2023}}</}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Partito Comunista Italiano.png}} [[Italian Communist Party|Communist Party of Italy]]
|[[Istria]]
|Unknown
|Government victory: {{bulleted list|Civilians arrested|Village of [[Šegotići]] burned to the ground}}
|colspan=3|{{efn| About 400 participants of the Proština rebellion were arrested and taken to the [[Pula]] remand prison. Fascists and soldiers beat and mistreated arrested the anti-fascists on the way, and several people died as a result of the beatings. Gradually, the anti-fascists were released from prison and later, in the context of the process of wider political amnesty, all were released.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ugušena Proštinska buna - prvi antifašistički otpor u Istri |language=hr |trans-title=Suppressed Proština rebellion - the first anti-fascist resistance in Istria |url=http://www.antifasisticki-vjesnik.org/hr/kalendar/4/5/271/ |website=Antifašistički vjesnik |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930094804/https://antifasisticki-vjesnik.org/hr/kalendar/4/5/271/ |archive-date=30 September 2023}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1921|03|03|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web |last=Celeghini |first=Riccardo |title=BALKANS: "The mine is ours!" History of the Republic of Labin |url=https://www.eastjournal.net/archives/71072 |website=eastjournal.net |date=23 March 2016 |publisher=East Journal |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002143346/https://www.eastjournal.net/archives/71072 |archive-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>
|{{end date|1921|04|08|df=y}}<ref>{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Stallaerts |title=Historical Dictionary of Croatia |year=2009 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-7363-6 |pages=6–}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1921|03|03|1921|04|08|duration=yes}})
|[[Labin Republic|Labin mining strike and rebellion]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Italy}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albona Republic.svg}} [[Labin Republic]]
|[[Istria]]
|5<ref>{{cite web |url=https://zgodovinanadlani.si/100-let-labinske-republike/ |first=Danijel |last=Osmanagić |title=100 let Labinske republike |language=sl |trans-title=100 years of the Republic of Labin |date=3 August 2021 |work=Zgodovina na dlani |access-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206220615/https://zgodovinanadlani.si/100-let-labinske-republike/ |archive-date=6 February 2023}}</ref>
|Government victory: {{bulleted list|Strike suppressed|Miners acquitted of crimes<ref name="istra">{{cite web |url=http://istra.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=1507 |title=Labinska republika |language=hr |trans-title=Labin Republic |website=Istarska enciklopedija |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110054101/http://istra.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=1507 |archive-date=10 November 2019}}</ref>}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The anti-fascist, socialist [[Labin Republic]] uprising in modern-day Labin, [[Croatia]], which pushed out [[Mussolini|Mussolini's fascist]] forces and established a socialist society in the city and surrounding towns.}}
|-
|{{start date|1923|09|14|df=y}}
|{{end date|1923|09|29|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1923|09|14|1923|09|29|duration=yes}})
|[[September Uprising]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Bulgaria}}
|{{flagicon image|FlagBKP.svg}} [[Bulgarian Communist Party|BCP]]<br/>[[Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union|BZNS]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Black flag.svg}} [[Anarchism in Bulgaria|Anarchists]]
|
|841 killed<ref>{{cite book |script-title=bg:Музей на революционното движение в България: Звезди във вековете |language=bg |title=Muzeĭ na revolyutsionnoto dvizhenie v Bŭlgariya: Zvezdi vŭv vekovete |trans-title=Museum of the Revolutionary Movement in Bulgaria: Stars in the Ages |publisher=Publishing House of the Bulgarian Communist Party |location=Sofia |date=1972}}</ref>
|Bulgarian government victory: {{bulleted list|Rebellion crushed; rebels withdraw to the [[Balkan Mountains]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1923|10|23|df=y}}<ref name="Lemmons">{{cite book |last=Lemmons |first=Russel |title=Hitler's Rival: Ernst Thälmann in Myth and Memory |year=2013 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |location=Lexington, Kentucky |isbn=978-0-8131-4090-2 |pages=35–36}}</ref>
|{{start date|1923|10|24|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1923|10|23|1923|10|24|duration=yes}})
|[[Hamburg Uprising]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Germany (3-2).svg}} [[Weimar Republic]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Germany.svg}} [[Communist Party of Germany]]
|[[Hamburg]]
|99 killed<ref name="Lemmons"/>
|Government victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1924|09|15|df=y}}{{sfn|Rotari|2004|p=241}}
|{{end date|1924|09|18|df=y}}{{sfn|Rotari|2004|p=238}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1924|09|15|1924|09|18|duration=yes}})
|[[Tatarbunary Uprising]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Romania}}
|{{flagicon image|Red flag.svg}} Tatarbunary Revolutionary Committee<ref>{{cite book |last1=Frunză |first1=Victor |title=Istoria stalinismului în România |language=ro |trans-title=The history of Stalinism in Romania |date=1990 |publisher=Humanitas |location=București |isbn=9732801778 |page=70}}</ref>
|[[Tatarbunary]]
|3,000 killed{{sfn|Rotari|2004|p=238}}
|Revolt quelled by the Romanian government
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1924|12|01|df=y}}
|{{end date|1924|12|01|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1924|12|01|1924|12|01|duration=yes}})<ref name="Leonard">{{cite book |title=Secret soldiers of the revolution: Soviet military intelligence, 1918-1933 |last=Leonard |first=Raymond W. |year=1999 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |isbn=978-0-313-30990-8 |page=36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=buS6T33wrioC&pg=PA36}}</ref>
|[[1924 Estonian coup attempt]]
|{{flagcountry|Estonia}}
|{{flagicon image|Red flag.svg}} [[Communist Party of Estonia]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Lepp |first=Jaan |title=Kommentaar: 1. detsembri aasta |language=et |trans-title=Comment: December 1 year |url=http://www.eesti.ca/?op=article&articleid=22421 |work=Eesti Elu |access-date=7 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014115601/https://www.eesti.ca/?op=article&articleid=22421 |archive-date=14 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Salo |first=Vello |title=Vello Salo: aprillitame Jüriöö? |language=et |trans-title=Vello Salo: April Fool's Day? |url=http://arvamus.postimees.ee/54611/vello-salo-aprillitame-jurioo/ |work=Postimees |date=4 December 2008 |access-date=7 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019143930/https://arvamus.postimees.ee/54611/vello-salo-aprillitame-jurioo |archive-date=19 October 2023}}</ref>
|
|151 killed
|Estonian government victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1927|08|01|df=y}}<ref name="Nanchang">{{cite book |title=China at War: An Encyclopedia |year=2012 |page=295 |isbn=9781598844153 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jhPyvsdymU8C&pg=PA295 |last1=Li |first1=Xiaobing |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]] |access-date=27 June 2015 |archive-date=11 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411192237/https://books.google.com/books?id=jhPyvsdymU8C&pg=PA295 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{sfn|Benton|2015|pp=3–4}}
|{{end date|1949|10|01|df=y}}<ref name="Yang">{{Cite book |last1=Yang |first1=Benjamin |title=The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party: Documents and Analysis |last2=Saich |first2=Tony |date=2016 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-56324-154-3 |location=New York}}</ref>{{sfn|Carlisle|2005|p=97}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1927|08|01|1949|10|01|duration=yes}})
|
*[[Chinese Civil War]]
*[[Chinese Communist Revolution]]<ref name="Yang"/>
|{{flagcountry|Republic of China (1912-49)}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party.svg}} [[Chinese Communist Party]]
* {{flagicon image|中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg}} [[Chinese Red Army|Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army]] (1927–1937)<ref name="Nanchang"/>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Army.svg}} [[People's Liberation Army]] (1946–1950)<ref name="Benton-1999">{{Cite book |last=Benton |first=Gregor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ayLTpS8iujQC |title=New Fourth Army: Communist Resistance Along the Yangtze and the Huai, 1938–1941 |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |isbn=978-0-520-21992-2 |page=396 |language=en}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg}} [[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Communist-controlled China]]
|[[Chinese Civil War|cca. 8 million]]
|Communist victory: {{bulleted list|Beginning of the [[Cross-Strait relations|Cross-Strait conflict]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] was the final stage of the [[Chinese Civil War]], that resulted in the victory of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in [[Republic of China (1912–49)|China]] in 1949.<ref name="Yang"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Perry |first1=Elizabeth J. |editor1-last=Rudolph |editor1-first=Jennifer |editor2-last=Szonyi |editor2-first=Michael |title=The China Questions: Critical Insights into a Rising Power |date=2018 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elizabethperry/files/perry_is_the_chinese_communist_regime_legitimate_v2_jr_edits.pdf |access-date=17 February 2022 |chapter=Is the Chinese communist regime legitimate? |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116033704/https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elizabethperry/files/perry_is_the_chinese_communist_regime_legitimate_v2_jr_edits.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2022}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1932|01|22|df=y}}<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ching |first=Erik |title=In Search of the Party: The Communist Party, the Comintern, and the Peasant Rebellion of 1932 in El Salvador |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/615B58195201C855F08807DB851AB74B/S0003161500027553a.pdf/in-search-of-the-party-the-communist-party-the-comintern-and-the-peasant-rebellion-of-1932-in-el-salvador-.pdf |date=October 1998 |journal=The Americas |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=204–239 [205–206] |publisher=[[Furman University]] |location=[[Greenville, South Carolina]] |access-date=7 January 2022 |doi=10.2307/1008053 |jstor=1008053 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
|{{end date|1932|02| |df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1932|01|22|1932|02|01|duration=yes}})
|[[La Matanza|1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of El Salvador.svg}} [[Military dictatorship in El Salvador|Republic of El Salvador]]
|{{flagicon image|Bandera del pcs.gif}} [[Communist Party of El Salvador]]<br/>[[Pipil people|Pipil]] rebels
|Western [[El Salvador]]: {{bulleted list|[[Ahuachapán Department|Ahuachapán]]|[[La Libertad Department (El Salvador)|La Libertad]]|[[Santa Ana Department|Santa Ana]]|[[Sonsonate Department|Sonsonate]]}}
|10,000 – 40,000<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Tulchin |editor1-first=Joseph S. |editor2-last=Bland |editor2-first=Gary |name-list-style=amp |date=1992 |title=Is There a Transition to Democracy in El Salvador? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=okB-QgAACAAJ |language=en |publisher=L. Rienner Publishers |isbn=9781555873103 |access-date=6 April 2022 |page=167}}</ref>
|Revolt suppressed, [[ethnocide]] of [[Pipil people]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lindo Fuentes |first1=Héctor |last2=Ching |first2=Erik |last3=Lara Martínez |first3=Rafael A. |name-list-style=amp |date=2007 |title=Remembering a Massacre in El Salvador: The Insurrection of 1932, Roque Dalton, and the Politics of Historical Memory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AubqWtPHt1kC |language=en |location=[[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] |publisher=[[University of New Mexico Press]] |isbn=9780826336040 |pages=37, 62}}</ref>
|colspan=3|{{efn|The uprising, known as {{lang|es|La matanza}} (the slaughter), was a [[Pipil people|Pipil]] and peasant rebellion led by [[Farabundo Martí]].}}
|-
|{{start date|1935|11|23|df=y}}
|{{end date|1935|11|27|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1935|11|23|1935|11|27|duration=yes}})
|[[Brazilian communist uprising of 1935]]
|{{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Vargas Era|Brazil]]
|{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} National Liberation Alliance
* {{flagicon image|PCB logo.svg}} [[Brazilian Communist Party]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cpdoc.fgv.br/producao/dossies/FatosImagens/RevoltaComunista |access-date=2 November 2015 |title=A revolta comunista de 1935 |language=pt |trans-title=The communist revolt of 1935 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222135755/http://cpdoc.fgv.br/producao/dossies/FatosImagens/RevoltaComunista |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|[[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]], [[Recife]], and [[Rio de Janeiro]]
|150+ killed
|Government victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1936|07|19|df=y}}
|{{end date|1937|05|25|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1936|07|19|1937|05|25|duration=yes}}){{sfn|Pagès i Blanch|2013|pp=viii–xi, 24, 118}}
|[[Spanish Revolution of 1936]]
|{{flagcountry|Spanish Republic}}
|{{flagicon image|CNT FAI flag.svg}} [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo|CNT]]-[[Federación Anarquista Ibérica|FAI]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Rocker |first=Rudolf |author-link=Rudolf Rocker |title=Anarcho-Syndicalism Theory and Practice |title-link=Anarcho-Syndicalism (book) |year=2004 |publisher=[[AK Press]] |location=Oakland, Edinburgh |isbn=1-902593-928 |pages=66–67}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Dolgoff |first=Sam |author-link=Sam Dolgoff |title=[[The Anarchist Collectives|The Anarchist Collectives: Workers' Self-management in the Spanish Revolution, 1936–1939]] |year=1974 |publisher=[[Black Rose Books]] Ltd. |isbn=978-0-919618-20-6 |page=5}}</ref>
{{flagicon image|UGT flag.svg}} [[Unión General de Trabajadores|UGT]]{{sfn|Pagès i Blanch|2013|p=24}}
|Various regions of Spain{{spaced ndash}}primarily [[Madrid]], [[Catalonia]], Aragon, [[Andalusia]], and parts of [[Levante, Spain]].
|
|Suppressed after ten-month period.
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1941|06|22}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Ramet |first=Sabrina |author-link=Sabrina P. Ramet |title=The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005 |year=2006 |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |location=New York |isbn=0-253-34656-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FTw3lEqi2-oC&pg=PA148 |page=142 |access-date=2 June 2011}}</ref>
|{{end date|1945|11|29}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1941|06|22|1945|11|29|duration=yes}})
|[[World War II in Yugoslavia|Yugoslav People's Liberation War]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Yugoslavia (1943–1946).svg}} [[Yugoslav Partisans]]
|
|850,000–1,200,000<ref>{{harvnb|Geiger|2011|pp=699–749}}; {{harvnb|A'Barrow|2016}}; {{harvnb|Žerjavić|1993}}; {{harvnb|Mestrovic|2013|p=129}}</ref>
|[[Yugoslav Partisan]]–[[Allies of World War II|Allied]] victory: {{bulleted list |Defeat of [[Nazi Germany]] and [[Italian Social Republic|Fascist Italy]] in the Balkans |Defeat and overthrow of the [[Independent State of Croatia]], [[Government of National Salvation]], [[Chetniks]], and other Axis collaborators<ref>{{cite book |last=Tomasevich |first=Jozo |title=The Chetniks |year=1975 |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=0804708576 |pages=451–452}}</ref> |[[Communist Party of Yugoslavia|Communist]]-led [[Yugoslav Partisans|Partisans]] abolish the [[List of Serbian monarchs#Karađorđević dynasty (1918–1945)|Yugoslav Serb monarchy]]<ref>{{cite book |first1=John |last1=Abromeit |first2=York |last2=Norman |first3=Gary |last3=Marotta |first4=Bridget Maria |last4=Chesterton |title=Transformations of Populism in Europe and the Americas: History and Recent Tendencies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jBXfCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA60 |date=19 November 2015 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-4742-2522-9 |pages=60–}}</ref> |Establishment of [[Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia]] under the rule of [[Josip Broz Tito]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1942|03|29|df=y}}<ref name="Lachica">{{cite book |last=Lachica |first=Eduardo |title=The Huks: Philippine Agrarian Society in Revolt |year=1971 |publisher=[[Praeger Publishing]] |location=New York}}{{page needed|date=June 2015}}</ref>
|{{end date|1945|09|02|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1942|03|29|1945|09|02|duration=yes}})
|[[Hukbalahap Rebellion]]<br/>{{small|(First phase)}}
|{{flagcountry|Empire of Japan}}
* {{flagcountry|Second Philippine Republic}}
|{{flagicon image|Red flag.svg}} [[Hukbalahap]]<ref name="Kerkvliet">{{cite book |last=Kerkvliet |first=Benedict |title=The Huk Rebellion: A Case Study of Peasant Revolt in the Philippines |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-7425-1867-4 |location=London |pages= |author-link=Ben Kerkvliet}}{{page needed|date=June 2015}}</ref>
|[[Central Luzon]]
|
|Huk victory: {{bulleted list|End of the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese occupation]] in 1945|Tension rises between the [[Government of the Philippines|U.S-backed government]] and the Huks<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kerkvliet |first1=Benedict J. |title=The Huk Rebellion A Study of Peasant Revolt in the Philippines |date=2002 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |isbn=9781461644286 |page=113 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OV4eAAAAQBAJ&dq=february+1945+massacre+malolos&pg=PA113}}</ref>|Rebellion resumes in 1946}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1942|09|16|df=y}}<ref name="Fischer">{{cite book |last=Fischer |first=Bernd Jürgen |author-link=Bernd Jürgen Fischer |title=Albania at war, 1939-1945 |edition=illustrated |publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]] |date=1999 |isbn=978-1-85065-531-2 |pages=129–130}}</ref>
|{{end date|1945|08| |df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1942|09|16|1945|08|01|duration=yes}})
|[[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Liberation Movement]]<ref name="Fischer"/>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1943–1944).svg}} [[German occupation of Albania|Albanian Kingdom]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Democratic Government of Albania (1944–1946).svg}} [[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Anti-Fascist Liberation Movement]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Ramet |first=Sabrina P. |author-link=Sabrina P. Ramet |date=2023 |chapter=Socialist Mavericks: Yugoslavia and Albania, 1943–1991 |title=East Central Europe and Communism: Politics, Culture, and Society, 1943–1991 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=9781032318202 |pages=231–314 [285–288]}}</ref>
|[[Albania]]
|
|Establishment of the [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania]]
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1944|09|09|df=y}}
|{{end date|1944|09|09|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1944|09|09|1944|09|09|duration=yes}})
|[[1944 Bulgarian coup d'état]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Bulgaria}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Bulgarian Homeland Front.svg}} [[Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)|Fatherland Front]]
* {{flagicon image|FlagBKP.svg}} [[Bulgarian Communist Party|BCP]]
* [[People's Liberation Insurgent Army|NOVA]]
* [[Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union|BZNS]]
|
|
|Fatherland Front victory: {{bulleted list|[[1946 Bulgarian republic referendum|Abolishment of the monarchy]] on 8 September 1946|Establishment of the [[People's Republic of Bulgaria]] on 15 September 1946.}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1945|08|16|df=y}}
|{{end date|1945|08|30|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1945|08|16|1945|08|30|duration=yes}})
|[[August Revolution]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Huynh |first=Kim Khanh |date=August 1971 |title=Vietnamese August Revolution Reinterpreted |url=https://scholar.google.com.sg/scholar?q=Duiker+W+J.+The+Communist+road+to+power+in+Vietnam&btnG=&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0%2C5 |journal=[[Journal of Asian Studies]] |volume=30 |number=4 |pages=761–782 |doi=10.2307/2052986 |jstor=2052986 |s2cid=154323872}}</ref>
|{{flagdeco|Vietnam|1945}} [[Empire of Vietnam]]
|{{flagdeco|Vietnam|1945a}} [[Việt Minh]]
|[[Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam]]
|
|[[Việt Minh]] victory: {{bulleted list|[[Abdication of Emperor Bảo Đại]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Spector |first1=Ronald H. |title=In the ruins of empire: the Japanese surrender and the battle for postwar Asia |date=2007 |location=New York |isbn=978-0375509155 |page=108 |edition=}}</ref>|Abolishment of the [[Monarchy of Vietnam|Vietnamese monarchy]]<ref name="Tuanbao-2017">{{cite news |url=http://tuanbaovannghetphcm.vn/thuc-chat-chinh-phu-tran-trong-kim-va-long-yeu-nuoc-cua-ong-thu-tuong/ |title=Thực chất chính phủ Trần Trọng Kim và "lòng yêu nước" của ông thủ tướng |language=vi |trans-title=The essence of Tran Trong Kim's government and the "patriotism" of the prime minister |work=Tuần báo Văn Nghệ Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh |number=446 |date=29 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227213806/http://tuanbaovannghetphcm.vn/thuc-chat-chinh-phu-tran-trong-kim-va-long-yeu-nuoc-cua-ong-thu-tuong/ | archive-date=27 February 2018}}, Tuần báo Văn Nghệ Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh số 446, 29/4/2017</ref>|Establishment of the [[North Vietnam|Democratic Republic of Vietnam]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1945|09|06|df=y}}{{sfn|Kim|2016|pp=43–45}}
|{{end date|1950|06|25|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1945|09|06|1950|06|25|duration=yes}})
|Korean Revolution{{efn|The period from the end of [[Korea under Japanese rule|Chōsen]], through the socialist [[People's Republic of Korea]] and the foundation of [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]], to the beginning of the [[Korean War]].{{sfn|Armstrong|2003|pp=1–12}}}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.svg}} [[Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea]]
|
* [[Communist Party of Korea]] {{small|(1945–1946)}}{{sfn|Kim|2016|pp=107–112}}
* [[New People's Party of Korea]] {{small|(1946–1946)}}{{sfn|Kim|2016|pp=107–112}}
----
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Workers' Party of South Korea.svg}} [[Workers' Party of South Korea]] {{small|(1946–1949)}}<ref>{{cite journal |jstor=2644095 |title=North Korea in 1985: A New Era after Forty Years |journal=[[Asian Survey]] |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=78–85 |last1=Suh |first1=Dae-Sook |year=1986 |doi=10.2307/2644095}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Workers' Party of North Korea.svg}} [[Workers' Party of North Korea]] {{small|(1946–1949)}}<ref>{{cite journal |last=Lanko |first=Andrei N. |date=2001 |title=The Demise of Non-Communist Parties in North Korea (1945–1960) |journal=[[Journal of Cold War Studies]] |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |volume=3 |number=1 |pages=103–125 |doi=10.1162/15203970151032164 |jstor=26925101 |s2cid=57570755}}</ref>
----
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Workers' Party of Korea.svg}} [[Workers' Party of Korea]] {{small|(from 1949)}}<ref name="chosun">{{cite web |url=http://nk.chosun.com/english/database/database.html?ACT=timeline |title=1940's (1945–1949) |work=NK Chosun |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070228064733/http://nk.chosun.com/english/database/database.html?ACT=timeline |archive-date=28 February 2007}}</ref>
|
|
|{{bulleted list|Proclamation of the [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]] in 1948{{sfn|Armstrong|2003|pp=1, 69–70}}|Start of the [[Korean War]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|As of 1992, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea no longer prescribes to Marxism–Leninism,<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Worden |editor-first=Robert L. |url=http://cdn.loc.gov/master/frd/frdcstdy/no/northkoreacountr00word/northkoreacountr00word.pdf |title=North Korea – A Country Study |year=2009 |edition=Fifth |publisher=[[Library of Congress Country Studies]] |page=186 |isbn=978-0-8444-1188-0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528104533/https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/frd/frdcstdy/no/northkoreacountr00word/northkoreacountr00word.pdf |archive-date=28 May 2023}}</ref> and as of 2009 is no longer a communist state.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSEO253213 |title=North Korea drops communism, boosts "Dear Leaders" |first1=Jon |last1=Herskovitz |first2=Christine |last2=Kim |date=28 September 2009 |access-date=17 July 2011 |work=[[Reuters]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816144214/http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/09/28/idUSSEO253213 |archive-date=16 August 2011}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1946|05| |df=y}}
|{{end date|1954|05|17|df=y}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Goodwin |first=Jeff |author-link=Jeff Goodwin |year=2001 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/no-other-way-out/79BCB575651FA9BB7DB8CF95ADC99B54 |title=No Other Way Out: States and Revolutionary Movements, 1945–1991 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |others=Ellen Comisso, Helen Milner, Joel Migdal |isbn=978-0-521-62948-5 |editor1-last=Lange |editor1-first=Peter |location=Cambridge |pages=119 |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511812125 |editor2-last=Bates |editor2-first=Robert H.}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1946|05|01|1954|05|17|duration=yes}})
|[[Hukbalahap Rebellion]]<br/>{{small|(Second phase)}}
|{{flagdeco|Philippines|1936}} [[Republic of the Philippines]]
|{{flagicon image|Hukbalahap flag.svg}} [[Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930|Communist Party of the Philippines]]<ref name="Saulo">{{cite book |last=Saulo |first=Alfredo |title=Communism in the Philippines: An Introduction |publisher=[[Ateneo de Manila University Press|Ateneo de Manila Press]] |year=1969 |isbn= |location=Quezon City |pages=}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Hukbalahap flag.svg}} [[Hukbalahap|People's Liberation Army]]
|[[Central Luzon]]
|Nearly 6,000 killed
|Philippine government victory: {{bulleted list|End of the rebellion|Capture of [[Luis Taruc]] in 1954|Beginning of communist insurgency in the Philippines in the 1960s}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1946|07|04|df=y}}<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sundarayya |first=P. |author-link=Puchalapalli Sundarayya |date=1973 |title=Telangana People's Armed Struggle, 1946-1951. Part One: Historical Setting |journal=[[Social Scientist]] |volume=1 |issue=7 |pages=3–19 [8–13] |doi=10.2307/3516269 |jstor=3516269 |issn=0970-0293}}</ref>
|{{end date|1951|10|25|df=y}}{{sfn|Ram|1973|pp=1029–1030}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1946|07|04|1951|10|25|duration=yes}})
|[[Telangana Rebellion]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Hyderabad (1900–1947).svg}}{{flagicon image|Asafia flag of Hyderabad State.svg}} [[Hyderabad State]] {{small|(1946–1948)}}
{{flagicon image|Flag of India.svg}} [[Dominion of India|Union of India]] {{small|(1948–1951)}}<ref>{{cite journal |last=Roosa |first=John |year=2001 |title=Passive revolution meets peasant revolution: Indian nationalism and the Telangana revolt |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150108438783|journal=The Journal of Peasant Studies |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=57–94 [79–80] |doi=10.1080/03066150108438783 |s2cid=144106512 |issn=0306-6150 |access-date=25 August 2021 |archive-date=19 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119052446/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03066150108438783 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Guha |first=Ranajit |author-link=Ranajit Guha |date=1976 |title=Indian democracy: Long dead, now buried |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00472337685390051 |journal=[[Journal of Contemporary Asia]] |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=39–53 [41] |doi=10.1080/00472337685390051 |issn=0047-2336 |access-date=2 September 2021 |archive-date=19 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119052444/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00472337685390051 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|CPI-M-flag.svg}} Telangana peasants<br />{{flagicon image|CPI-M-flag.svg}} [[Andhra Mahasabha]]<br />{{flagicon image|CPI-M-flag.svg}} [[Communist Party of India]]
|
|
|Withdrawal of rebellion: {{bulleted list|Dissolution of [[Hyderabad State]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mantena |first=Rama Sundari |date=2014 |title=The Andhra Movement, Hyderabad State, and the Historical Origins of the Telangana Demand: Public Life and Political Aspirations in India, 1900–56 |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14736489.2014.964629 |journal=India Review |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=337–357 [350–355] |doi=10.1080/14736489.2014.964629 |s2cid=154482789 |issn=1473-6489}}</ref>| Dissolution of communes and guerrilla squads| Land reforms are enacted|Ban on the [[Communist Party of India]] lifted{{sfn|Ram|1973|p=1030}}}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1946|12|19|df=y}}
|{{end date|1954|08|01|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1946|12|19|1954|08|01|duration=yes}})
|[[First Indochina War]]
|{{flagcountry|French Indochina}}
|{{flagdeco|North Vietnam|1945}} [[North Vietnam|DR Vietnam]]
* {{flagdeco|North Vietnam|1945}} [[Việt Minh]]
{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Lao Issara]] {{small|(1945–1949)}}}}<br/>{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Pathet Lao]] {{small|(1949–1954)}}<ref name="Dalloz">{{cite book |first=Jacques |last=Dalloz |title=La Guerre d'Indochine 1945–1954 |language=fr |trans-title=The Indochina War 1945–1954 |publisher=Seuil |location=Paris |date=1987 |pages=129–130, 206}}</ref>}}
{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Khmer Issarak]]<ref name="Dalloz"/>}}
* {{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[United Issarak Front]]}} {{small|(1950–1954)}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Kiernan |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Kiernan |title=How Pol Pot Came to Power |location=London |publisher=[[Verso Books]] |date=1985 |page=80}}</ref>
|
|400,000–842,707 total killed<br/><ref name="T. Lomperis, 1996">{{cite book |first=T. |last=Lomperis |title=From People's War to People's Rule |date=1996}}</ref>{{page needed|date=January 2024}}<br/><ref name="Clodfelter 1995">{{cite book |last=Clodfelter |first=Micheal |title=Vietnam in Military Statistics |date=1995}}</ref>{{page needed|date=January 2024}}<br/><ref>{{cite book |first=S. |last=Karnow |title=Vietnam: a History |date=1983}}</ref>{{page needed|date=January 2024}}
|[[North Vietnam|DR Vietnam]]-allied victory:<ref>{{harvnb|Lee Lanning|2008|p=119}}; {{harvnb|Crozier|2005|p=47}}; {{harvnb|Fall|1994|p=63}}; {{harvnb|Logevall|2012|pp=596–599}}</ref> {{bulleted list|[[1954 Geneva Conference]]| Departure of the French from Indochina|[[State of Vietnam]], [[North Vietnam|Democratic Republic of Vietnam]], [[Kingdom of Laos]] and [[Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)|Kingdom of Cambodia]] achieve independence|Vietnam was partitioned between [[North Vietnam|North]] (controlled by the Việt Minh) and [[South Vietnam|South]] (controlled by the [[State of Vietnam]])|Start of the [[Vietnam War]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The defeat of the French at the [[Battle of Dien Bien Phu]], 1954, and brought the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]] under [[Ho Chi Minh]] to power in [[North Vietnam]]. A victory followed closely by the protracted [[guerrilla warfare]]-dominated [[Vietnam War]] (1957–1975), which in turn led to the [[fall of Saigon]] and the driving-out of occupying [[United States]] military forces there, and the unification of North and South Vietnam by communist guerrilla forces into the [[Vietnam|Socialist Republic of Vietnam]]. The conflict drastically changed neighboring [[Laos]] and [[Cambodia]].}}
|-
|{{start date|1948|02|21|df=y}}<ref name="Grogin">{{cite book |last=Grogin |first=Robert C. |title=Natural Enemies: The United States and the Soviet Union in the Cold War, 1917–1991 |publisher=[[Lexington Books]] |date=2001 |isbn=0-7391-0160-9 |page=134}}</ref>
|{{end date|1948|02|25|df=y}}<ref name="Naegele">{{cite news |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1088011.html |title=Czech Republic: Fiftieth Anniversary of Communist Coup Observed |first=Jolyon |last=Naegele |publisher=[[Radio Free Europe]] |date=23 February 1998 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026141956/https://www.rferl.org/a/1088011.html |archive-date=26 October 2023}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1948|02|21|1948|02|25|duration=yes}})
|[[1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Czech Republic.svg}} [[Third Czechoslovak Republic|Czechoslovak Republic]]
|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the KSC.svg}} [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]
* pro-communist faction of the [[Social Democracy (Czech Republic)#History|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]]
|
|
|Appointment of a [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|communist-dominated government]]<ref name="Naegele"/>
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1948|04|02|df=y}}<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hensengerth |first=Oliver |title=The Burmese Communist Party and the State-to-State Relations between China and Burma |url=http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/eas/eas_content/resources/documents/67LEAP.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528034733/http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/eas/eas_content/resources/documents/67LEAP.pdf |archive-date=28 May 2008 |year=2005 |journal=Leeds East Asia Papers |volume=67 |publisher=[[University of Leeds]] |pages=12–13}}</ref>
|{{end date|1989|04|16|df=y}}<ref name="Tha31013">{{cite news |last1=Tha |first1=Kyaw Pho |title=The Demise of a Once Powerful Communist Party—Now in Myanmar |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/demise-powerful-communist-party-now-burmese.html |access-date=10 October 2018 |work=[[The Irrawaddy]] |date=3 October 2013 |archive-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222101014/https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/demise-powerful-communist-party-now-burmese.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1948|04|02|1989|04|16|duration=yes}})
|[[Communist insurgency in Burma]]
|
* {{flagdeco|Myanmar|1948}} [[Post-independence Burma (1948–1962)|Union of Burma]] {{small|(1948–1962)}}
* {{flagdeco|Myanmar|1974}} [[Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma]] {{small|(1962–1988)}}
* {{flagdeco|Myanmar|1974}} [[State Peace and Development Council|Union of Burma]] {{small|(1988–1989)}}
|
* {{flagicon image|Communist Party of Burma flag (1946-1969).png}} [[Communist Party of Burma]] {{small|(1948–1989)}}
* {{flagicon image|Communist Party of Burma flag (1939-1946) and (1946-1970).svg}} [[Communist Party (Burma)]] {{small|(1948–1978)}}
* [[Shan State Communist Party]] {{small|(1956–1958)}}<ref name="Fleischmann">{{cite book |last=Fleischmann |first=Klaus |title=Die Kommunistische Partei Birmas – Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart |language=de |trans-title=The Communist Party of Burma – From the Beginnings to the Present |location=[[Hamburg]] |publisher=Institut für Asienkunde |date=1989 |page=405}}</ref>
* [[Communist Party of Arakan]] {{small|(1962–1986)}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Shan State.svg}} [[Shan State]]
|3,000+ killed
|Burmese government victory<ref name="Tha31013"/>
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1948|04|03|df=y}}{{sfn|Merrill|1980|p=166}}{{sfn|Johnson|2001|p=[https://archive.org/details/blowback00chal/page/99 99]}}
|{{end date|1949|05|13|df=y}}{{sfn|Johnson|2001|pp=[https://archive.org/details/blowback00chal/page/99 99–101]}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1948|04|03|1949|05|13|duration=yes}})
|[[Jeju uprising]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Moon vows continued push for honor of Jeju April 3 incident victims |url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210403000060 |access-date=5 April 2021 |work=Yonhap |via=The Korea Herald |date=3 April 2021 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105094634/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210403000060 |archive-date=5 January 2023}}</ref>
|{{bulleted list|{{flagdeco|United States|1912}} [[United States Army Military Government in Korea]] {{small|(until August 1948)}}|{{flagicon|South Korea|1948}} [[First Republic of Korea|South Korea]] {{small|(from August 1948)}}}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Workers' Party of South Korea.svg}} [[Workers' Party of South Korea]]
|[[Jeju Island]]
|30,000–100,000 killed{{sfn|Merrill|1980|p=189}}{{sfn|Johnson|2001|pp=[https://archive.org/details/blowback00chal/page/99 99–101]}}<ref>{{cite book |first=Bruce |last=Cumings |author-link=Bruce Cumings |title=The Korean War A History |date=2010 |pages=124–125 |publisher=Modern Library}}</ref>
|Uprising suppressed{{sfn|Johnson|2001|pp=[https://archive.org/details/blowback00chal/page/99 99–101]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The Jeju uprising was notable for its extreme violence; between 14,000 and 30,000 people (10 percent of Jeju's population) were killed (with some reports from Korean officials reporting numbers killed as high as 100,000) and 40,000 fled to [[Occupied Japan|Japan]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Korean War 1945–1953 |last=Deane |first=Hugh |publisher=China Books and Periodicals Inc. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=32Vy2Fj4KFUC |year=1999 |isbn=978-0141912240 |location=San Francisco |pages=54–58}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |date=19 June 2000 |url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/85131 |title=Ghosts of Cheju |magazine=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=30 March 2009 |first=Hideko |last=Takayama |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202191359/https://www.newsweek.com/ghosts-cheju-160665 |archive-date=2 December 2023}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1948|06|16|df=y}}
|{{end date|1960|07|31|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1948|06|16|1960|07|31|duration=yes}})
|[[Malayan Emergency]]
|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Malaya.svg}} [[Federation of Malaya]]
* {{flagcountry|Federated Malay States}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Malayan Communist Party]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Malayan National Liberation Army.svg}} [[Malayan National Liberation Army]]
|British Malaya
|11,107<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/my_polic.html |title=Royal Malaysian Police (Malaysia) |publisher=Crwflags.com |access-date=3 January 2014 |archive-date=14 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814232634/https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/my_polic.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Smith 2015">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IY9MDAAAQBAJ&q=519+Commonwealth+2,478+civilians&pg=PT52 |title=Long Tan: The Start of a Lifelong Battle |last=Smith |first=Harry |date=1 August 2015 |publisher=Big Sky Publishing |isbn=978-1-922132-32-1 |language=en |access-date=1 November 2020 |archive-date=3 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103183715/https://books.google.com/books?id=IY9MDAAAQBAJ&q=519+Commonwealth+2%2C478+civilians&pg=PT52 |url-status=live |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
|British-allied victory: {{bulleted list|Independence of the [[Federation of Malaya]] on [[Independence Day (Malaysia)|31 August 1957]]|[[Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)|Insurgency continues]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1948|09|18|df=y}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Kahin |first=George |year=1970 |title=Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |isbn=0-8014-9108-8 |page=298}}</ref>
|{{end date|1948|12|19|df=y}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Pinardi |year=1966 |title=Peristiwa Coup Berdarah P.K.I. September 1948 di Madiun |language=id |trans-title=P.K.I.'s Bloody Coup Event September 1948 in Madiun |publisher=Inkopak-Hazera |page=153}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1948|09|18|1948|12|19|duration=yes}})
|[[Madiun Affair]]
|{{flagcountry|Indonesia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Indonesia.svg}} [[People's Democratic Front (Indonesia)|People's Democratic Front]]:<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sugiyama |first=Akiko |title=Remembering and forgetting Indonesia's Madiun Affair: personal narratives, political transitions, and historiography, 1948–2008 |journal=Indonesia |volume=92 |issue=92 |pages=19–42 [20] |date=October 2011 |doi=10.5728/indonesia.92.0019 |jstor=10.5728/indonesia.92.0019}}</ref> {{bulleted list|[[Communist Party of Indonesia|PKI]]|[[Socialist Party (Indonesia)|PS]]|[[Labour Party of Indonesia|PBI]]|[[Central All-Indonesian Workers Organization|SOBSI]]|[[Indonesian Socialist Youth|Pesindo]]}}
|[[Madiun]]
|1,920+ killed<ref>{{cite web |title=84 Korban Pemberontakan PKI 1948 di Madiun dan Magetan |language=id |trans-title=84 Victims of the 1948 PKI Rebellion in Madiun and Magetan |website=[[detik.com]] |url=https://www.detik.com/jatim/budaya/d-6318007/84-korban-pemberontakan-pki-1948-di-madiun-dan-magetan/amp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717140821/https://www.detik.com/jatim/budaya/d-6318007/84-korban-pemberontakan-pki-1948-di-madiun-dan-magetan/amp |archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2xyvAwAAQBAJ&q=Madiun+affair+8000&pg=PA25 |title=Explaining Collective Violence in Contemporary Indonesia: From Conflict to Cooperation |isbn=9781137270641 |last1=Tadjoeddin |first1=Z. |date=7 May 2014 |publisher=Springer}}</ref>
|Rebellion suppressed
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1953|07|26|df=y}}<ref name="Faria">{{cite web |last1=Faria |first1=Miguel A. Jr. |author1-link=Miguel A. Faria, Jr. |title=Fidel Castro and the 26th of July Movement |url=http://haciendapublishing.com/articles/fidel-castro-and-26th-july-movement |publisher=[[Newsmax Media]] |access-date=14 August 2015 |date=27 July 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822211554/http://haciendapublishing.com/articles/fidel-castro-and-26th-july-movement |archive-date=22 August 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Veltmeyer-Rushton">{{cite book |last1=Veltmeyer |first1=Henry |last2=Rushton |first2=Mark |date=2012 |chapter=Human Development in Practice: Reform(ing Capitalism) |title=The Cuban Revolution as Socialist Human Development |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |series=Studies in Critical Social Sciences |pages=62 |isbn=978-90-04-21043-1}}</ref>
|{{end date|1959|01|01|df=y}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=Jon Lee |author1-link=Jon Lee Anderson |title=Che Guevara: a revolutionary life |date=1997 |publisher=[[Grove Press]] |location=New York |isbn=0802116000 |language=en |url=https://archive.org/details/cheguevara00jonl |pages=376–405}}</ref><ref name="Veltmeyer-Rushton"/>
|({{age in years and days nts|1953|07|26|1959|01|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Cuban Revolution]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Chomsky |first=Aviva |author-link=Aviva Chomsky |date=2015 |title=A History of the Cuban Revolution |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |orig-date=2011 |edition=Second |page=124 |isbn=978-1-118-94228-4}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|Cuba}}
|{{flagicon image|M-26-7.svg}} [[26th of July Movement]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Kapcia |first=Antoni |date=2020 |title=A Short History of Revolutionary Cuba Revolution, Power, Authority and the State from 1959 to the Present Day |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmMNEAAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |pages=15–19 |isbn=978-1786736475}}</ref><br/>{{flagicon image|Bandera del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil.svg}} [[Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil|Student Revolutionary Directorate]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Revolutionary Directorate.svg}} [[Second National Front of Escambray]]
|
|3,000<ref name=Dixon>{{cite book |last1=Dixon |first1=Jeffrey S. |last2=Sarkees |first2=Meredith Reid |title=A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816–2014 |date=2015 |publisher=[[CQ Press]] |page=98}}</ref>
|26 July Movement victory: {{bulleted list|Overthrow of [[Fulgencio Batista]]'s government|Establishment of a government led by [[Fidel Castro]]|[[Escambray rebellion]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Jonathan |title=The bandido counterrevolution in Cuba, 1959–1965 |journal=Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos |date=2017 |url=https://journals.openedition.org/nuevomundo/71412 |doi=10.4000/nuevomundo.71412 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Warner, Michael">{{Cite book |title=The CIA's internal probe of the Bay of Pigs affair |last=Warner |first=Michael |date=1999 |publisher=[Forgotten History] |oclc=176629005 |url=https://www.cia.gov/static/7b51cd5fb4a1a1751ec567340b8c9a1c/Internal-Probe-Bay-Pigs.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919135227/https://www.cia.gov/static/7b51cd5fb4a1a1751ec567340b8c9a1c/Internal-Probe-Bay-Pigs.pdf |archive-date=19 September 2023}}</ref>}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|Nationalistic revolution led by [[Fidel Castro]] and [[Che Guevara]] which overthrew former president [[Fulgencio Batista]] and instated a Marxist–Leninist socialist regime later on in [[Cuba]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Beaubien |date=1 January 2009 |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98937598 |title=Cuba Marks 50 Years Since 'Triumphant Revolution' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527023421/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98937598 |archive-date=27 May 2018 |work=[[NPR]] |access-date=9 July 2013}}</ref> Even though Batista had been elected for his first term, he achieved power for his second term through a [[coup d'état]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Cavendish |first=Richard |author-link=Richard Cavendish (occult writer) |title=General Batista Returns to Power in Cuba |url=http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/general-batista-returns-power-cuba |magazine=[[History Today]] |location=London |publisher=History Today Ltd |date=March 2002 |volume=52 |issue=3 |access-date=30 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006194545/https://www.historytoday.com/archive/months-past/coup-cuba |archive-date=6 October 2023}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1955|11|01|df=y}}
|{{end date|1975|04|30|df=y}}<ref name="mtholyoke.edu">{{Cite report |url=https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/paris.htm |title=The Paris Agreement on Vietnam: Twenty-five Years Later |date=April 1998 |publisher=The Nixon Center |location=Washington, DC |access-date=5 September 2012 |type=Conference Transcript |via=International Relations Department, Mount Holyoke College |archive-date=1 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901153020/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/paris.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1955|11|01|1975|04|30|duration=yes}})
|[[Vietnam War]]
|{{flagcountry|South Vietnam}}
|{{flagicon image|FNL Flag.svg}} [[Viet Cong]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Viet Nam.svg}} [[People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Vietnam]]
|[[Memot District]] {{small|(1966–72)}}<br />[[Lộc Ninh, Bình Phước|Lộc Ninh]] {{small|(1972–75)}} 
|1,326,494–3,447,494<ref name="hawaii.edu">{{cite web |last=Rummel |first=R. J. |title=Table 6.1B: Vietnam Democide Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |at=Lines 777–785 |url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1B.GIF |format=GIF |access-date=24 November 2014 |website=[[University of Hawaiʻi]]}}</ref>
|Communist victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1959|05|23|df=y}}
|{{end date|1975|12|02|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1959|05|23|1975|12|02|duration=yes}})
|[[Laotian Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Laos}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party.svg}} [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party|Lao People's Party]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Pathet Lao]]
{{flagcountry|North Vietnam}}
|[[Xam Neua]]
|20,000–62,000 killed<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Obermeyer |first1=Ziad |last2=Murray |first2=Christopher J. L. |last3=Gakidou |first3=Emmanuela |year=2008 |title=Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme |journal=[[British Medical Journal]] |volume=336 |issue=7659 |pages=1482–6 |doi=10.1136/bmj.a137 |pmid=18566045 |pmc=2440905}} See Table 3.</ref>
|[[Pathet Lao]] and [[North Vietnam]]ese victory: {{bulleted list|Establishment of the [[Laos|Lao People's Democratic Republic]]|End of the [[Kingdom of Laos]]|[[Insurgency in Laos|Small scale insurgency]] by anti-[[Pathet Lao]] factions}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Laotian Civil War]] resulting in the victory of the communist [[Pathet Lao]]/[[Lao People's Revolutionary Party]] in [[Laos]] by 1975, eliminating a coalition government with [[Anti-communism|anti-communists]] led to the establishment of the communist-administered [[Laos|Lao People's Democratic Republic]].}}
|-
|{{start date|1960|11|13|df=y}}
|{{end date|1996|12|29|df=y}}<ref name="lanic">{{Cite web |title=Promise and Reality – Implementation of the Guatemalan Peace Accords |url=http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/hemisphereinitiatives/promise.htm |access-date=26 December 2020 |publisher=[[University of Texas]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129191227/http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/hemisphereinitiatives/promise.htm |archive-date=29 November 2023}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1960|11|13|1996|12|29|duration=yes}})
|[[Guatemalan Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Guatemala}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity.svg}} [[Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity|URNG]]<ref group=lower-alpha name=URNG>{{cite book |last1=Schmid |last2=Jongman |year=2005 |title=Political terrorism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NgDks1hUjhMC&pg=PR3 |page=564 |publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]] |quote=The URNG was the result of the merger of the left-wing armed groups, [[Guerrilla Army of the Poor|EGP]], [[Revolutionary Organization of Armed People|ORPA]], [[Rebel Armed Forces|FAR]] and [[Guatemalan Party of Labour|PGT]], supported by the [[Revolutionary Democratic Front|FDR]] of [[El Salvador]] and the [[Nicaragua]] NDF. The PAC were local militias created by the Guatemalan Government. |isbn=9781412815666 |access-date=1 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114191214/https://books.google.com/books?id=NgDks1hUjhMC&pg=PR3 |archive-date=14 January 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{small|(from 1982)}}
* {{flagicon image|Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo (flag).svg}} [[Guatemalan Party of Labour|PGT]]<ref name=ai76>{{cite book |title=Amnesty International Annual Report 1975–1976 |year=1976 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |location=London, UK}}</ref> {{small|(until 1998)}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Revolutionary Movement 13th November.svg}} [[Revolutionary Movement 13th November|MR-13]]<ref name=ai76/> {{small|(1960–1971)}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Rebel Armed Forces.svg}} [[Rebel Armed Forces|FAR]] {{small|(1960–1971)}}
* [[Guerrilla Army of the Poor|EGP]] {{small|(1971–1996)}}
* [[Revolutionary Organization of Armed People|ORPA]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0oRtAAAAMAAJ |title=Guatemala, Dare to Struggle, Dare to Win |author=Concerned Guatemala Scholars |publisher=Concerned Guatemala Scholars |year=1982 |page=40 |access-date=12 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114191214/https://books.google.com/books?id=0oRtAAAAMAAJ |archive-date=14 January 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> {{small|(1979–1996)}}
|Guatemala
|Between 140,000–200,000 dead and missing (estimated)<br/><ref name=briggs>{{cite news |location=London |work=[[The Guardian]] |first=Billy |last=Briggs |title=Billy Briggs on the atrocities of Guatemala's civil war |date=2 February 2007 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/feb/02/features11.g2 |access-date=17 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221125949/https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/feb/02/features11.g2 |archive-date=21 December 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=bbc11>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/country_profiles/1215811.stm |author=BBC |newspaper=[[BBC News]] |title=Timeline: Guatemala |date=9 November 2011 |access-date=3 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520234925/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/country_profiles/1215811.stm |archive-date=20 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=CDI |journal=The Defense Monitor |title=The World at War |date=1 January 1998}}</ref>
|Peace accord signed in 1996
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1961|02|04|df=y}}
|{{end date|1974|04|25|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1961|02|04|1974|04|25|duration=yes}})
|[[Angolan War of Independence]]
|{{flagcountry|Portuguese Angola}}
|{{flagicon image|Movimento_Popular_de_Libertação_de_Angola_(bandeira).svg}} [[MPLA]]
|Province of Angola
|12,990+ killed<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.photius.com/countries/portugal/national_security/portugal_national_security_angola.html |title=Portugal Angola - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System |website=photius.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215205917/https://www.photius.com/countries/portugal/national_security/portugal_national_security_angola.html |archive-date=15 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/c1900s/yr60/fangola1961.htm |title=Portugal Angola War 1961–1975 |publisher=Onwar.com |access-date=16 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215205924/https://www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/c1900s/yr60/fangola1961.htm |archive-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>
|Angolan victory:<ref>{{cite book |last=James |first=W. Martin, III |editor-first1=W. Martin |editor-last1=James Iii |title=A Political History of the Civil War in Angola, 1974-1990 |date=4 May 2020 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1315083292 |doi=10.4324/9781315083292 |page=76 |s2cid=241850086}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Angola, National Liberation, and the Soviet Union |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA511493.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215203001/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA511493.pdf |archive-date=15 February 2024}}</ref> {{bulleted list|Military stalemate<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tucker |first1=Spencer C. |date=2020 |title=The Cold War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection |pages=60 |isbn=9781440860768 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBAFEAAAQBAJ&dq=angolan+war+of+independence+victory&pg=PA60 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]}}</ref> |MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA political victory |[[Carnation Revolution]] |[[Alvor Agreement]] and [[Angola]]n independence in 1975}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1961|07|19|df=y}}
|{{end date|1979|07|17|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1961|07|19|1979|07|17|duration=yes}})
|[[Nicaraguan Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Nicaragua}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_FSLN.svg}} [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|FSLN]]
* [[Sandinista Popular Army|EPS]]
[[Marxist–Leninist Popular Action Movement|MAP-ML]] {{small|(1978–1979)}}
* [[MILPAS]]
{{flagcountry|Panama}} {{small|(1978–1979)}}<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/850812/summary |title=Omar Torrijos and the Sandinista Revolution |last=Brown |first=Jonathan C. |journal=The Latin Americanist |year=2022 |volume=66 |pages=25–45 |doi=10.1353/tla.2022.0003 |s2cid=247623108}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/5115289/mod_folder/content/0/Aula%2013_Nicaragua_Nateras%202018.pdf |title=The Sandinista Revolution and the Limits of the Cold War in Latin America: The Dilemma of Nonintervention During the Nicaraguan Crisis, 1977–78 |last=Sánchez Nateras |first=Gerardo |journal=[[Cold War History (journal)|Cold War History]] |year=2018 |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=111–129 |doi=10.1080/14682745.2017.1369046 |s2cid=218576606 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010194035/https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/5115289/mod_folder/content/0/Aula%2013_Nicaragua_Nateras%202018.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2023}}</ref>
|[[North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region]]
|30,000+ killed
|FSLN military victory in 1979: {{bulleted list|Overthrow of [[Somoza family|Somoza government]] in 1979|Insurgency of the [[Contras]]|FSLN junta led by Daniel Ortega take power of Nicaragua in 1981<ref>{{citation |contribution=Daniel Ortega |title=Encyclopædia Britannica |year=1993 |edition=15th}}</ref>|Electoral victory of FSLN in [[1984 Nicaraguan general election|1984]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Nicaraguan Revolution]] that overthrew the dictator [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]] and brought the [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Sandinistas]] to power in [[Nicaragua]] from 1979 to 1990.}}
|-
|{{circa|{{start date|1962|12| |df=y}}}}
|{{end date|1990|11|03|df=y}}<ref name="chanwong"> {{Cite news |last1=Chan |first1=Francis |last2=Wong |first2=Phyllis |date=16 September 2011 |title=Saga of communist insurgency in Sarawak |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/ |access-date=10 January 2013 |work=[[The Borneo Post]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224195925/http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/ |archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref>{{sfn|Kheng|2009|p=149}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1962|12|01|1990|11|03|duration=yes}})
|[[Communist insurgency in Sarawak]]
|{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Sarawak People's Guerilla Force.svg}} [[North Kalimantan Communist Party]]{{sfn|Kheng|2009|p=149}}
* North Kalimantan People's Army
|[[Sarawak]]
|400–500 killed
|Government victory: {{bulleted list|Peace Declaration of [[Simanggang|Sri Aman]] in 1973<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/11/03/the-day-the-insurgency-ended/ |title=The day the insurgency ended |first=Wilfred |last=Pilo |work=[[The Borneo Post]] |date=3 November 2013 |access-date=5 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326184305/https://www.theborneopost.com/2013/11/03/the-day-the-insurgency-ended/ |archive-date=26 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2014/08/05/former-enemies-meet-as-friends-40-years-later/ |title=Former enemies meet as friends 40 years later |first=Wilfred |last=Pilo |work=[[The Borneo Post]] |date=5 August 2014 |access-date=6 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326182507/https://www.theborneopost.com/2014/08/05/former-enemies-meet-as-friends-40-years-later/ |archive-date=26 March 2023}}</ref>|Dissolution of the [[North Kalimantan Communist Party|Sarawak Communist Organisation/North Kalimantan Communist Party]] (SCO/NKCP).<ref name="chanwong"/>}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1963|08|13}}{{sfn|Bazenguissa-Ganga|1997|p=72}}
|{{end date|1963|08|15}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1963|08|13|1963|08|15|duration=yes}})
|{{lang|fr|[[Trois Glorieuses (1963)|Trois Glorieuses]]}}
|{{flagcountry|Congo-Brazzaville}}
|Congolese trade unions:<ref name="vin">{{cite book |last=Le Vine |first=Victor T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZVlzpwjhGqgC |title=Politics in Francophone Africa |location=Boulder, Colorado |publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers |date=2004 |page=143 |isbn=978-1-58826-249-3}}</ref>{{bulleted list|[[Congolese Youth Union]]|{{lang|fr|[[Confédération générale aéfienne du travail]]}}}}[[Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo]]<ref name="vin"/>
|
|
|Uprising successful: {{bulleted list|[[Fulbert Toulou]] ousted from power<ref>{{cite book |last1=Decalo |first1=Samuel |last2=Thompson |first2=Virginia |last3=Adloff |first3=Richard |title=The Historical Dictionary of Congo |date=1996 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |language=English |page=8}}</ref> |[[Alphonse Massamba-Débat]] chosen as prime minister{{sfn|Bazenguissa-Ganga|1997|pp=85–86}} |[[National Revolution Movement]] formed as the single ruling party{{sfn|Bazenguissa-Ganga|1997|pp=105–106}}}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|Instability and the arresting of political opponents eventually led to left-wing protests<ref>{{cite book |first=Albert |last=M'Paka |title=Démocratie et administration au Congo-Brazzaville |language=fr |trans-title=Democracy and administration in Congo-Brazzaville |publisher=L'Harmattan |date=2005 |pages=181–182}}</ref> and Massamba-Débat relinquishing power to [[Marien Ngouabi]], who declared the [[People's Republic of the Congo]] under the control of the [[Congolese Workers' Party]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cour-constitutionnelle.cg/constitutionsanterieures/Constitution-du-30-decembre-1969.pdf |title=ORDONNANCE N° 40–69 du 31 décembre 1969, portant promulgation de la constitution de la République Populaire du Congo |language=fr |trans-title=ORDER N° 40–69 of December 31, 1969, promulgating the constitution of the People's Republic of Congo |date=31 December 1969 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829164418/https://cour-constitutionnelle.cg/constitutionsanterieures/Constitution-du-30-decembre-1969.pdf |archive-date=29 August 2023}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1964|05|27|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/colombia/timeline-colombias-war-farc |title=Timeline: Colombia's war with the FARC |date=13 November 2012 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
|Present
|({{age in years and days nts|1964|05|27| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Colombian conflict]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Villar |first1=Oliver |last2=Cottle |first2=Drew |date=2013 |title=One-Hundred Years of Solitude or Solidarity? Colombia's Forgotten Revolution |journal=Contracorriente: Journal on Social History and Literature in Latin America |volume=10 |number=2 |pages=167–201}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2005 |url=http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/latin-america-caribbean/andes/colombia/011-war-and-drugs-in-colombia.aspx?alt_lang=es |title=Guerra y Droga en Colombia |language=es |trans-title=War and Drugs in Colombia |publisher=Crisisgroup.org |access-date=14 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020023452/http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/latin-america-caribbean/andes/colombia/011-war-and-drugs-in-colombia.aspx?alt_lang=es |archive-date=20 October 2014}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|Colombia}}
|{{bulleted list|{{flagicon image|Flag of ELN.svg}} [[National Liberation Army (Colombia)|ELN]] {{small|(1964–)}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-46922869 |title=Cómo es la guerrilla colombiana del ELN autora del atentado con carro bomba que dejó 21 muertos en Bogotá |language=es |trans-title=How is the Colombian ELN guerrilla responsible for the car bomb attack that left 21 dead in Bogotá |date=18 January 2019 |work=[[BBC News|BBC News Mundo]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125191541/https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-46922869 |archive-date=25 January 2024}}</ref><ref name="europa2005">{{cite journal |url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2005/l_340/l_34020051223en00640066.pdf |title=Council Decision of 21 December 2005 |journal=Official Journal of the European Union |access-date=6 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070604195042/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2005/l_340/l_34020051223en00640066.pdf |archive-date=4 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-colombia-rebels-oil-idUSBRE99H16T20131018 |work=[[Reuters]] |title=Colombia's ELN rebels release oil workers after brief capture -police |date=18 October 2013 |access-date=30 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924190030/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/18/us-colombia-rebels-oil-idUSBRE99H16T20131018 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the FARC-EP.svg}} [[FARC dissidents]] {{small|(2016–)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-disidencia-farc-llega-700-combatientes-201711271043_noticia.html |title=La disidencia de las FARC llega ya a los 700 combatientes |language=es |trans-title=The FARC dissidence now reaches 700 combatants |date=27 November 2017 |access-date=6 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180602044650/http://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-disidencia-farc-llega-700-combatientes-201711271043_noticia.html |archive-date=2 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of EPL.svg}} [[Popular Liberation Army|EPL/Los Pelusos]] {{small|(1967–)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://colombiareports.com/epl-pelusos/ |title=EPL / Los Pelusos – Profile |date=26 March 2017 |access-date=6 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712182543/https://colombiareports.com/epl-pelusos/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.insightcrime.org/news/brief/colombia-arrest-epl-intermediary-overflowing-venezuela-weapons-market/ |title=Colombia Arrest of EPL Middleman Shows Booming Venezuela Arms Market |date=28 April 2017 |access-date=6 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080134/https://www.insightcrime.org/news/brief/colombia-arrest-epl-intermediary-overflowing-venezuela-weapons-market/ |archive-date=13 February 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="pelusos">{{cite web |url=http://lasillavacia.com/historia/las-10-razones-por-las-que-el-epl-es-un-problema-que-se-le-crecio-al-gobierno-59861 |title=Las 10 razones por las que el EPL es un problema que se le creció al Gobierno |language=es |trans-title=The 10 reasons why the EPL is a problem that has grown for the Government |publisher=lasillavacia.com |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817034735/http://lasillavacia.com/historia/las-10-razones-por-las-que-el-epl-es-un-problema-que-se-le-crecio-al-gobierno-59861 |archive-date=17 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|[[Indigenous Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Pacific|FARIP]] {{small|(?–)}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Glass |first=Rowan |date=19 January 2024 |title=Indigenous Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Pacific (FARIP) |url=https://www.moderninsurgent.org/post/indigenous-revolutionary-armed-forces-of-the-pacific-farip |access-date=24 January 2024 |website=The Modern Insurgent |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125221954/https://www.moderninsurgent.org/post/indigenous-revolutionary-armed-forces-of-the-pacific-farip |archive-date=25 January 2024}}</ref>
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the FARC-EP.svg}} [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia|FARC]] {{small|(1964–2017)}}<ref name="FARC">{{cite news |last1=Franks |first1=Jeff |last2=Murphy |first2=Helen |title=Colombia's FARC rebels to ask government for ceasefire |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-colombia-rebels-cuba/colombias-farc-rebels-to-ask-government-for-ceasefire-idUSBRE8851BH20120906 |access-date=1 April 2020 |newspaper=[[Reuters]] |date=6 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709180051/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-colombia-rebels-cuba/colombias-farc-rebels-to-ask-government-for-ceasefire-idUSBRE8851BH20120906 |archive-date=9 July 2023}}</ref>
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the ERP.svg}} [[People's Revolutionary Army (Colombia)|ERP]] {{small|(1985–2007)}}<ref name=ELTIEMPO>[http://www.eltiempo.com/conflicto/noticias/ARTICULO-WEB-NOTA_INTERIOR-3724251.html El Tiempo: Catorce guerrilleros del Erp en el Tolima entregaron las armas para reintegrarse a la vida civil] eltiempo.com Accessed 15 September 2007.</ref><ref name=ELTIEMPO2>[http://www.eltiempo.com/conflicto/noticias/ARTICULO-WEB-NOTA_INTERIOR-3538462.html El Tiempo: Guerrilla del Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (Erp) quedó desintegrada, dijo Ministo de Defensa] eltiempo.com Accessed 15 September 2007.</ref>
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the CGSB.svg}} [[Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Board|CGSB]] {{small|(1987–1990)}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Palacios |first=Marco |publisher=[[Duke University Press]] |year=2007 |title=Between Legitimacy and Violence |url=https://archive.org/details/betweenlegitimac0000pala|url-access=registration |location=Durham, NC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.start.umd.edu/start/data_collections/tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=4393 |title=Terrorist Organization Profile by START (2010) |access-date=21 December 2010 |archive-date=21 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221132053/http://start.umd.edu/start/data_collections/tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=4393 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=CM |date=18 November 2012 |title=Negociación y desmovilización con grupos armados (M-19, Epl, Prt, Maql y Crs) |trans-title=Negotiation and demobilization with armed groups (M-19, Epl, Prt, Maql and Crs) |url=https://verdadabierta.com/negociacion-y-desmovilizacion-con-grupos-armados-m-19-epl-prt-maql-y-crs/ |access-date=19 December 2020 |website=VerdadAbierta.com |language=es}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of M-19.svg}} [[19th of April Movement|M-19]] {{small|(1974–1990)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/r/rojas_gustavo.htm |title=biografia Gustavo Rojas Pinilla |language=es |trans-title=Gustavo Rojas Pinilla biography |access-date=9 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408104500/http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/r/rojas_gustavo.htm |archive-date=8 April 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Hammer and sickle.svg}} [[Peasant Student Workers Movement|MOEC]] {{small|(1964–1995)}}<ref>{{cite journal |first=Dennis M. |last=Rempe |date=Winter 1995 |title=Guerrillas, Bandits, and Independent Republics: US Counter-insurgency Efforts in Colombia 1959-1965 |journal=Small Wars and Insurgencies |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=304–327 |url=https://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2001/12/18281.html |doi=10.1080/09592319508423115}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|MA Quintin lame.svg}} [[Movimiento Armado Quintin Lame|MAQL]] {{small|(1984–1991)}}<ref>The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest, http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405184649_chunk_g97814051846491235</ref><ref>Cynthia Arnson, Comparative peace processes in Latin America, Stanford University Press, 1999, p. 200.</ref>
|[[Ernesto Rojas Commandos|ERC]] {{small|(1964–1992)}}<ref>{{cite report |title=Cuaderno de análisis N° 01/13: Desarme, Desmovilización Y Reintegración, DDR: Una Introducción Para Colombia |language=es |trans-title=Analysis notebook No. 01/13: Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration, DDR: An Introduction for Colombia |date=June 2013 |url=http://www.iegap-unimilitar.edu.co/images/docs/cuaderno%202013.%20gama%20baja.pdf |publisher=Instituto de Estudios Geoestratégicos y Asuntos Políticos |page=23 |isbn=958-97518-9-X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305065519/http://www.iegap-unimilitar.edu.co/images/docs/cuaderno%202013.%20gama%20baja.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Bandera del Ejército Revolucionario Guevarista.png}} [[Guevarista Revolutionary Army|ERG]] {{small|(1964–2008)}}<ref>{{cite web |title=GUEVARISTA REVOLUTIONARY ARMY (ERG) |url=http://www.terrorismknowledgebase.com/Group.jsp?groupID=48 |publisher=MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base |access-date=15 May 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927221607/http://www.terrorismknowledgebase.com/Group.jsp?groupID=48 |archive-date=27 September 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peacemaker.un.org/colombiaacuerdoERG2008|title=Acuerdo entre el Gobierno y el Ejercito Revolucionario Guevarista (ERG) {{!}} UN Peacemaker|website=peacemaker.un.org|access-date=2019-04-23}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|PRTColombia.svg}} [[Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia|PRT]] {{small|(1964–1991)}}<ref name="euro">[http://www.nodo50.org/llar/cosal/colomba/col16.htm Historia Del Movimiento Insurgente En Colombia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.armada.mil.co/index.php?idcategoria=81823 |title=Saludo del Presidente Uribe a los Desmovilizados. - Armada Nacional de Colombia<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2007-04-28 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003117/http://www.armada.mil.co/index.php?idcategoria=81823 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
|Colombia with spillovers into [[Venezuela]]
|220,000+ killed<ref>{{cite news |title=Report says 220,000 died in Colombia conflict |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2013/07/201372511122146399.html |newspaper=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=25 July 2013 |access-date=25 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725132636/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2013/07/201372511122146399.html |archive-date=25 July 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="estadisticas">{{cite web |url=http://www.centrodememoriahistorica.gov.co/micrositios/informeGeneral/estadisticas.html |title=Informe ¡Basta Ya! Colombia: memorias de guerra y dignidad: Estadísticas del conflicto armado en Colombia |language=es |trans-title=Report Enough is Enough! Colombia: memories of war and dignity: Statistics of the armed conflict in Colombia |access-date=26 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426215054/http://www.centrodememoriahistorica.gov.co/micrositios/informeGeneral/estadisticas.html |archive-date=26 April 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mindefensa.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/Mindefensa/Documentos/descargas/estudios%20sectoriales/info_estadistica/Logros_Sector_Defensa.pdf |title=Military Personnel, 2013 |language=es |publisher=mindefensa.gov.co |access-date=22 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413195638/http://www.mindefensa.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/Mindefensa/Documentos/descargas/estudios%20sectoriales/info_estadistica/Logros_Sector_Defensa.pdf |archive-date=13 April 2015}}</ref>
|Ongoing: {{bulleted list|[[Colombian peace process|Colombia–FARC peace deal in 2016]]|[[Catatumbo campaign|Start of Catatumbo campaign in 2018]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1965| | |df=y}}
|{{end date|1983| | |df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1965|01|01|1983|01|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Communist insurgency in Thailand]]
|{{flagcountry|Thailand}}
|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Thailand.svg}} [[Communist Party of Thailand]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Malayan Communist Party]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Sison |first=Jose Maria |author-link=Jose Maria Sison |title=Notes on People's War in Southeast Asia |url=http://home.casema.nl/ndf/archive/2007/archive0015.html |website=[[National Democratic Front of the Philippines]] |date=19 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018102514/http://home.casema.nl/ndf/archive/2007/archive0015.html |archive-date=18 October 2007}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Pathet Lao]]<ref name="CIA">{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/doc-5266/ |title=Communist Insurgency In Thailand |work=CIA Report |date=July 1966 |access-date=23 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="AUK">{{cite web |url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/milreview/marks.pdf |title=Anatomy of a Counterinsurgency Victory |date=January 2007 |access-date=1 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052956/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/milreview/marks.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Khmer Rouge]] (until 1978, 1979–1983)<ref name="CIA"/><ref name="AUK"/>
|[[Nakhon Phanom Province]]
|6,762+ killed<ref>{{harvnb|Prizzia|1985|pp=[https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/19/mode/2up 19–20], [https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/23/mode/2up 24]}}; {{harvnb|Damrongviteetham|2013|p=101}}; {{harvnb|Koplowitz|1967}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/communist-insurgency-thailand |title=The Communist Insurgency In Thailand |website=[[Marine Corps Gazette]] |date=March 1973 |access-date=1 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001133112/https://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/communist-insurgency-thailand |archive-date=1 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|Thai government victory: {{bulleted list|Amnesty declared on 23 April 1980 by the Thai government| [[Order 66/2523]] signed by Prime Minister [[Prem Tinsulanonda]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bunbongkarn |first1=Suchit |editor1-first=R. J. |editor1-last=May |editor2-first=Viberto |editor2-last=Selochan |title=The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific |date=2004 |publisher=[[ANU Press]] |isbn=1920942017 |pages=52–54 |url=https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/military-and-democracy-asia-and-pacific |access-date=17 June 2014 |chapter=The Military and Democracy in Thailand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029123447/https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/military-and-democracy-asia-and-pacific |archive-date=29 October 2023}}</ref>|Communist insurgency declines and ends in 1983}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1967|05|18|df=y}}
|Present
|({{age in years and days nts|1967|05|18| | | |duration=yes}})
|
* [[Naxalbari uprising]]
* [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]]
|{{flagcountry|India}}
|{{flagicon image|South Asian Communist Banner.svg}} [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)]]
* {{flagicon image|}}[[People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)|People's Liberation Guerrilla Army]] 
|[[Red corridor]]
|Since 1997: 13,060–14,552<ref name="satp1">{{cite web |url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm |title=Fatalities in Left-wing Extremism: 1999–2016* (MHA) |access-date=26 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008023622/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm |archive-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="justicegov">{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf |title=Armed Conflicts Report – India-Andhra Pradesh |publisher=[[Project Ploughshares]] |access-date=17 March 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20090318012208/http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2009}}</ref>
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|{{efn|{{bulleted list|The Maoist revolution of India happened in 1977. It was defeated by the [[Indian National Congress]] then led by [[Indira Gandhi]].|In [[India]], various Maoist-oriented factions (generally called [[Naxalite]]s) have waged armed struggles since the [[Naxalbari]] [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency|rebellion of 1967]]. Today, the most prominent Naxalite group is the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)]].}}}}
|-
|{{start date|1968|06|17|df=y}}
|{{end date|1989|12|02|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1968|06|17|1989|12|02|duration=yes}})<ref>{{Cite book |last=Navaratnam |first=A. |title=The Spear and the Kerambit: The Exploits of VAT 69, Malaysia's Elite Fighting Force, 1968–1989 |publisher=Utusan Publications and Distributions |year=2001 |isbn=967-61-1196-1 |location=[[Kuala Lumpur]] |pages=7–8, 189–90}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Peng |first=Chin |title=My Side of History |publisher=Media Masters |year=2003 |isbn=981-04-8693-6 |location=Singapore |page=465}}</ref>
|[[Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)|Communist insurgency in Malaysia]]
|{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Malayan Communist Party]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Malayan National Liberation Army.svg}} [[Malayan National Liberation Army]]
|[[Peninsular Malaysia|Malay Peninsula]] and [[Sarawak]]<ref name="NIE report">{{Cite report |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve12/d302 |title=National Intelligence Estimate 54–1–76: The Outlook for Malaysia |date=1 April 1976 |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217100922/https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve12/d302 |archive-date=17 February 2023}}</ref>
|367
|[[Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989)|Peace Agreement of Hat Yai]] signed: {{bulleted list|Dissolution of the [[Malayan Communist Party]] (MCP){{sfn|Navaratnam|2001|pp=189–190}}{{sfn|Peng|2003|pp=189–199}}|Insurgency continues in Sarawak until [[Communist insurgency in Sarawak#Defections and decline|1990]]{{sfn|Kheng|2009|pp=132–152}}<ref name="chanwong"/>}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1968|01|17|df=y}}
|{{end date|1975|04|17|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1968|01|17|1975|04|17|duration=yes}})
|[[Cambodian Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Cambodia}}
|{{flagicon image|Banner of the Communist Party of Kampuchea.svg}} [[Communist Party of Kampuchea]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Khmer Rouge]]
|[[Ratanakiri Province]]
|275,000–310,000 killed
|Communist victory
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Cambodian Civil War|civil war in Cambodia]] ended with the [[Khmer Rouge]] revolution in 1975. The Communist Party of Cambodia and [[Pol Pot]] then ruled the country until 1979.}}
|-
|{{start date|1969|03|29|df=y}}
|Present<ref name="ProjectPloughshares">{{Cite web |title=Armed Conflicts: Philippines-CPP/NPA (1969–2017) |url=https://ploughshares.ca/pl_armedconflict/philippines-cppnpa-1969-first-combat-deaths/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927144414/http://ploughshares.ca/pl_armedconflict/philippines-cppnpa-1969-first-combat-deaths/ |archive-date=27 September 2018 |access-date=15 April 2020 |website=[[Project Ploughshares]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1969|03|29| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[New People's Army rebellion]]
|{{flagcountry|Philippines}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of the Philippines (alternative II).svg}} [[Communist Party of the Philippines]]<ref name="SCMPexplainer">{{Cite news |first=Alan |last=Robles |date=16 September 2019 |title=Philippines' communist rebellion is Asia's longest-running insurgency |language=en |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3027414/explained-philippines-communist-rebellion-asias-longest-running |url-status=live |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916060538/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3027414/explained-philippines-communist-rebellion-asias-longest-running |archive-date=16 September 2019}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Infoboxnpa.png}} [[New People's Army]]
|[[Samar]]
|43,000+ killed (up to 2008)<ref name="Damw">{{Cite journal |last1=Holden |first1=William Norman |date=12 November 2013 |title=The Never Ending War in the Wounded Land: The New People's Army on Samar |url=http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jgg/article/view/29563 |url-status=live |journal=[[Journal of Geography and Geology]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |doi=10.5539/jgg.v5n4p29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214003843/http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jgg/article/view/29563 |archive-date=14 February 2015 |access-date=14 February 2015 |doi-access=free |hdl=1880/50191 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> (63,973+ killed)
|Ongoing<ref name="StanfordFSICISACMapping">{{Cite news |title=Mapping Militants Profile: Communist Party of the Philippines – New People's Army |website=cisac.fsi.stanford.edu |publisher=Stanford University Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies – Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC) |location=[[Stanford University]], Stanford, California |url=https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/mappingmilitants/profiles/communist-party-philippines-new-peoples-army |access-date=16 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208081204/https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/mappingmilitants/profiles/communist-party-philippines-new-peoples-army |archive-date=8 December 2023}}</ref>
|colspan=3|{{efn|[[Maoism|Maoist]]-styled "[[Communist rebellion in the Philippines|Protracted People's War]]" in the Philippines.<ref name="jmsfoundation2">{{cite book |last1=Sison |first1=Jose Maria |author1-link=Jose Maria Sison |title=Foundation for resuming the Philippine revolution: selected writings, 1968 to 1972 |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-62847-920-1 |publisher=International Network for Philippine Studies |chapter=Basic Rules of the New People's Army |page=119}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1969|06|22|df=y}}{{sfn|Halliday|1990|p=xiv}}
|{{end date|1969|06|22|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1969|06|22|1969|06|22|duration=yes}})
|[[Corrective Move]]
|{{flagcountry|South Yemen}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf.svg}} Marxist faction of the [[National Liberation Front (South Yemen)|NLF]]
|
|No deaths{{sfn|Halliday|1990|p=23}}
|Coup successful:<ref>{{cite book |title=Historical Dictionary of Yemen |last=Burrowes |first=R. D. |date=2010 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=9780810855281 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tjXRfqBv_0UC&pg=PA390 |page=390 |access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref> {{bulleted list|Overthrow of Al-Shaabi and his allies| Nasserists purged from the [[National Liberation Front (Yemen)|National Liberation Front]]|South Yemen becomes a socialist state, with [[Salim Rubai Ali]] as president.{{sfn|Halliday|1990|p=23}}}}
|colspan=3|
|- 
|{{start date|1969|10|21|df=y}}
|{{end date|1969|10|21|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1969|10|21|1969|10|21|duration=yes}})
|[[1969 Somali coup d'état]]
|{{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Somali Republic]]
|{{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Supreme Revolutionary Council (Somalia)|Supreme Revolutionary Council]]
|[[Mogadishu]]
|
|Supreme Revolutionary Council victory:<ref name="Dickovick2014">{{cite book |first=J. Tyler |last=Dickovick |title=Africa 2014 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BHpNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA230 |date=14 August 2014 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |isbn=978-1-4758-1238-1 |pages=230–}}</ref> {{bulleted list|Somali Republic deposed|[[Somali Democratic Republic]] established}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1970|07|19|df=y}}<ref name="Tiempos">{{cite news |title=A 40 años de la guerrilla de Teoponte |trans-title=40 Years After the Teoponte Guerrilla |url=http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20100718/a-40-anos-de-la-guerrilla-de-teoponte_80984_153516.html |access-date=29 June 2020 |agency=[[Los Tiempos]] |date=18 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214142/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20100718/a-40-anos-de-la-guerrilla-de-teoponte_80984_153516.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |language=es}}</ref>
|{{end date|1970|11|01|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1970|07|19|1970|11|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Teoponte Guerrilla]]
|{{flagcountry|Bolivia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag red black 5x3.svg}} {{lang|es|Guerrilla de Teoponte}} ({{lang|es|Ejército de Liberación Nacional}})<ref name="Tiempos"/>
|[[Teoponte Municipality]]
|
|Bolivian government victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1971|04|05|df=y}}
|{{end date|1971|06| |df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1971|04|05|1971|06|05|duration=yes}})
|[[1971 JVP insurrection]]
|{{flagicon image| Flag of Ceylon (1951–1972).svg}} [[Dominion of Ceylon]]
| {{flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna|JVP]]
* {{flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} State of Augestan
| [[Southern Province, Sri Lanka|Southern Province]] and [[Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka|Sabaragamuwa Province]]
|Official: 1,200<br/>Estimated: 4,000–5,000<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hettiarachchi |first1=Kumudini |last2=Sadanandan |first2=Renuka |date=8 April 2001 |url=http://sundaytimes.lk/010408/spec.html |title=Crushing the revolt |work=Sunday Times |access-date=12 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812175835/https://www.sundaytimes.lk/010408/spec.html |archive-date=12 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kearney |first1=Robert N. |title=Educational Expansion and Political Volatility in Sri Lanka: The 1971 Insurrection |journal=[[Asian Survey]] |date=1975 |volume=15 |issue=9 |pages=727–744 |doi=10.2307/2643170 |jstor=2643170 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref>
|Ceylonese government victory:<ref name="retrospect">{{cite news |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/010401/spec.html |title=Revolution in retrospect |date=1 April 2001 |work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|The Sunday Times]] |access-date=12 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424171021/https://www.sundaytimes.lk/010401/spec.html |archive-date=24 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Somasundaram2">{{cite news |last1=Somasundaram |first1=Jayantha |date=6 April 2021 |title=The JVP's Military Battle for Power (The April 1971 Revolt – II) |url=https://island.lk/the-jvps-military-battle-for-power/ |access-date=28 January 2022 |work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)|The Island]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129153458/https://island.lk/the-jvps-military-battle-for-power/ |archive-date=29 January 2022}}</ref> {{bulleted list|Rebel leaders were captured and the remaining members surrendered|Ceylonese government re-established control of the entire island|Expulsion of North Korean diplomats}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1971|07|19|df=y}}
|{{end date|1971|07|22|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1971|07|19|1971|07|22|duration=yes}})<ref name="Korn">{{cite book |last=Korn |first=David A. |date=1993 |title=Assassination in Khartoum |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |isbn=978-0253332028 |page=87}}</ref>
|[[1971 Sudanese coup d'état]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Sudan.svg}} [[Democratic Republic of Sudan]]
|Revolutionary Council
* {{flagicon image|Emblem of the Sudanese Communist Party.svg}} [[Sudanese Communist Party]]
* Rebel military units
|[[Khartoum]]
|
|Coup attempt fails: {{bulleted list|[[Gaafar Nimeiry|Nimeiry government]] restored|[[Anti-communist]] [[purge]]s by government forces|Execution of rebelling officers|Execution of several Sudanese Communist Party leaders|Consolidation of Nimeiry's control}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{circa|{{start date|1972|04| |df=y}}}}
|{{circa|{{end date|1974|10| |df=y}}}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1972|04|01|1974|10|31|duration=yes}})<ref name="Teles">{{cite journal |first=Janaína de Almeida |last=Teles |title=The Araguaia Guerrilla War (1972–1974): Armed Resistance to the Brazilian Dictatorship |journal=Latin American Perspectives |volume=44 |number=5 |date=September 2017 |pages=30–52 |doi=10.1177/0094582X17719035 |s2cid=220062817}}</ref>
|[[Araguaia Guerrilla War]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Brazil (1968-1992).svg}} [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|Federative Republic of Brazil]]
|{{flagicon image|PCdoB flag.svg}} [[Communist Party of Brazil]]<ref name="Teles"/>
|[[Goiás]] and [[Tocantins]]<ref name="Teles"/>
|90+ killed<ref name="CIDH">{{cite report |url=http://www.cidh.oas.org/annualrep/2000eng/ChapterIII/Admissible/Brazil11.552.htm |title=Araguaia guerrilla movement case |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607000044/http://www.cidh.oas.org/annualrep/2000eng/ChapterIII/Admissible/Brazil11.552.htm |archive-date=7 June 2011 |publisher=[[Inter-American Commission on Human Rights]] |date=6 March 2001}}</ref>
|Military dictatorship victory: {{bulleted list|Successful counter-insurgency operation|Guerrillas failed to gain popular support|Guerrilla forces exterminated}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1972|04|24|df=y}}
|Present
|({{age in years and days nts|1972|04|24| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Maoist insurgency in Turkey]]
|{{flagcountry|Turkey}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Communist Party of Turkey-Marxist–Leninist.svg}} [[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of TiKKO.svg}} Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey
{{flagicon image|MKP-FLAG.svg}} [[Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)|MKP-HKO-PHG]]
|[[Tunceli Province]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Mango |first=Andrew |date=2005 |title=Turkey and the War on Terror: 'For Forty Years we Fought Alone' |series=Contemporary Security Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |page=27 |isbn=978-0415350020}}</ref>
|500+ Maoists killed
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1974|04|25|df=y}}
|{{end date|1974|04|25|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1974|04|25|1974|04|25|duration=yes}})<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/25/newsid_4754000/4754581.stm |title=1974: Rebels seize control of Portugal |publisher=[[BBC]] |work=On This Day, 25 April |date=25 April 1974 |access-date=2 January 2010 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
|[[Carnation Revolution]]
|{{flagicon image|União_Nacional_Flag.svg}} [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Estado Novo]]
|{{flagicon image|Logotipo do Movimento das Forças Armadas.svg}} [[Armed Forces Movement]]
|
|5 killed
|Coup successful: {{bulleted list |Dissolution of the Estado Novo |Beginning of the [[Portuguese transition to democracy]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Rezola |first=Maria Inácia |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-portuguese-revolution-of-1974-1975-9781789761832 |title=The Portuguese Revolution of 1974-1975: An Unexpected Path to Democracy |date=2024 |publisher=[[Liverpool University Press]] |isbn=978-1-83553-657-5 |language=en}}</ref> |End of the [[Portuguese Colonial War]] and independence of [[Angola]], [[Cape Verde]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Mozambique]], and [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] |[[Indonesian invasion of East Timor]] |Far-left demands latterly quashed by the [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Socialist Party]]<ref>{{cite book |first=Tariq |last=Ali |author-link=Tariq Ali |chapter=Preface |title=A Calculus of Power |editor-first=Peter |editor-last=Gowan |editor-link=Peter Gowan |publisher=[[Verso Books]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84467-620-0}}</ref>}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1974|09|12|df=y}}
|{{end date|1974|09|12|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1974|09|12|1974|09|12|duration=yes}})
|[[1974 Ethiopian coup d'état]]
|{{flagcountry|Ethiopian Empire}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Ethiopia (1974–1975).svg}} [[Derg|Coordinating Committee of the Armed Forces, Police and Territorial Army]]<ref>{{cite book |date=16 September 2022 |title=The Ethiopian Revolution: Tasks, Achievements, Problems and Prospects |first=Senay |last=Likke |url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ethiopia/likke-revolution.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812090227/https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ethiopia/likke-revolution.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2021 |via=[[Marxists Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
|
|
|Coup successful:<ref>{{cite journal |last=Yagya |first=V. S. |title=Ethiopia and its Neighbors: An Evolution of Relations, 1974-1989 |date=1990 |journal=Northeast African Studies |volume=12 |issue=2/3 |pages=107–116 |jstor=43660317 |issn=0740-9133}}</ref> {{bulleted list|Emperor [[Haile Selassie]] is placed under arrest and is taken to the Fourth Division Army headquarters<ref>{{cite news |date=22 March 1975 |title=Ethiopia's Military Government Abolishes Monarchy and Titles |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/22/archives/ethiopias-military-government-abolishes-monarchy-and-titles.html |access-date=16 September 2022 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705212047/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/22/archives/ethiopias-military-government-abolishes-monarchy-and-titles.html |archive-date=5 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Gebeyehu |first=Temesgen |title=The Genesis and Evolution of the Ethiopian Revolution and the Derg: A Note on Publications by Participant in Events |date=2010 |journal=History in Africa |volume=37 |pages=321–327 |doi=10.1353/hia.2010.0035 |jstor=40864628 |s2cid=144500147 |issn=0361-5413}}</ref>|Derg suspends constitution|Beginning of the [[Ethiopian Civil War|civil war]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The overthrow of Haile Selassie by [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]] who then set up one-party Marxist–Leninist rule in [[Ethiopia]] by the communist [[Workers' Party of Ethiopia]], until they were defeated and expelled by the [[Revolutionary democracy|revolutionary democratic]] and [[Hoxhaism|Hoxhaist]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=Warum Ahmed ein guter Preisträger ist – trotz seiner Fehler |language=de |trans-title=Why Ahmed is a good winner - despite his mistakes |work=[[ZDF]] |url=https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/heute/friedensnobelpreis-an-abiy-ahmed-rassismus-ist-das-kernproblem-102.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227214718/https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/heute/friedensnobelpreis-an-abiy-ahmed-rassismus-ist-das-kernproblem-102.html |archive-date=27 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Kommentar: Äthiopiens Reformregierung und die Kräfte des ethnischen Nationalismus |language=de |trans-title=Commentary: Ethiopia's reform government and the forces of ethnic nationalism |url=https://www.dw.com/de/kommentar-%C3%A4thiopiens-reformregierung-und-die-kr%C3%A4fte-des-ethnischen-nationalismus/a-51358079 |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524161821/https://www.dw.com/de/kommentar-%C3%A4thiopiens-reformregierung-und-die-kr%C3%A4fte-des-ethnischen-nationalismus/a-51358079 |archive-date=24 May 2021}}</ref> [[Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front]] during a subsequent civil war.<ref>{{cite book |last=Henze |first=Paul |author-link=Paul B. Henze |title=The Defeat of the Derg and the Establishment of New Governments in Ethiopia and Eritrea |publisher=Rand Report No. P-7766. |year=1992 |location=Santa Monaco}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1975|11|07|df=y}}<ref>{{cite news |date=27 January 2015 |title=When Gen Zia betrayed Col Taher |url=https://www.observerbd.com/2015/01/27/68899.php |access-date=25 December 2022 |work=[[The Daily Observer (Bangladesh)|The Daily Observer]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
|{{end date|1975|11|07|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1975|11|07|1975|11|07|duration=yes}})
|[[7 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état]] ({{lang-bn|সিপাই-জানাটা বিপ্লব}} ({{lang|bn-latn|Sepoy-Janata Biplob}}))
|{{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}
|{{flagicon image|জাসদের পতাকা.svg}} [[Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Lifschultz |first=Lawrence |date=1979 |title=Bangladesh: The Unfinished Revolution |location=United Kingdom |publisher=Zed Books |isbn=9780905762074 |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladesh-the-unfinished-revolution |pages=9–11}}</ref><br/>[[Biplobi Shainik Sangstha]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |date=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |location=London |oclc=16583315 |publisher=[[Hodder & Stoughton]] |isbn=978-0-340-39420-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladesh-a-legacy-of-blood-anthony-mascarenhas |page=107}}</ref>
|
|
|Successful coup: {{bulleted list|Death of [[Khaled Mosharraf]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn| After the new president, [[Ziaur Rahman]], offered pay increases for the soldiers, most soldiers lost interest in the ideals of the revolution.<ref> {{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |date=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |location=London |oclc=16583315 |publisher=[[Hodder & Stoughton]] |isbn=978-0-340-39420-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladesh-a-legacy-of-blood-anthony-mascarenhas |page=114}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1978|04|27|df=y}}<ref name="Lansford">{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last=Lansford |editor-first=Tom |date=16 February 2017 |title=Saur Revolution |encyclopedia=Afghanistan at War: From the 18th-Century Durrani Dynasty to the 21st Century |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |isbn=978-1598847598 |pages=410–411}}</ref>
|{{end date|1978|04|28|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1978|04|27|1978|04|28|duration=yes}})
|[[Saur Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg}} [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan]]
|[[Afghanistan]]
|2,000<ref name="Ewans">{{cite book |quote=There was, therefore, little to hinder the assault mounted by the rebel 4th Armored Brigade, led by Major Mohammed Aslam Watanjar, who had also been prominent in Daoud's own coup five years before. Watanjar first secured the airport, where the other coup leader, Colonel Abdul Qadir, left by helicopter for the [[Bagram Airfield|Bagram air base]]. There he took charge and organized air strikes on the royal palace, where Daoud and the presidential guard were conducting a desperate defense. Fighting continued the whole day and into the night, when the defenders were finally overwhelmed. Daoud and almost all of his family members, including women and children, died in the fighting. Altogether there were possibly as many as two thousand fatalities, both military and civilian. |last=Ewans |first=Martin |date=2002 |title=Afghanistan: A Short History of Its People and Politics |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |location=New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpS-j5uSetAC&pg=RA1-PA88 |page=88 |isbn=0-06-050507-9 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
|PDPA victory: {{bulleted list|Overthrow and execution of [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]] and his family<ref name="Lansford"/>|Purging and killing of Daoud's supporters<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/29/newsid_2970000/2970317.stm |title=1978: Afghan coup rebels claim victory |date=29 April 1978 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506050614/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/29/newsid_2970000/2970317.stm |archive-date=6 May 2023}}</ref>|Establishment of the [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Collins |first=Joseph J. |date=2011 |chapter=The Saur "Revolution" and the Soviet-Afghan War, 1978–1989 |title=Understanding War in Afghanistan |publisher=[[National Defense University Press]] |isbn=978-1839310430 |page=25}}</ref>|Eventual [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet military intervention]]}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|They were overthrown by the [[mujahideen]] in 1992.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.freepeoplesmovement.org/ry/rys7a.html |title=Afghanistan's Saur Revolution of 1978, and the U.S.-backed counterrevolution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927213154/http://www.freepeoplesmovement.org/ry/rys7a.html |archive-date=27 September 2007 |magazine=Rebel Yell! |date=Spring 2007 |access-date=7 October 2008}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1979|03|13|df=y}}<ref name="Grenade">{{cite book |last=Grenade |first=W. C. |date=2015 |chapter=Introduction |title=The Grenada Revolution: Reflections and Lessons |location=Jackson |publisher=[[University Press of Mississippi]] |isbn=978-1-62846-152-7 |pages=2–5}}</ref>
|{{end date|1979|03|13|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1979|03|13|1979|03|13|duration=yes}})<ref name="Haile">{{cite journal |last=Haile |first=Shenhat |date=2022 |title=The Grenada Revolution: Investigating the Ambitions and Shortcomings of a Radical Caribbean Political Experiment |journal=Caribbean Quilt |volume=6 |number=2 |doi=10.33137/cq.v6i2.36634 |page=92|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shearman |first=Peter |date=1985 |title=The Soviet Union and Grenada under the New Jewel Movement |journal=International Affairs |volume=61 |number=4 |doi=10.2307/2617710 |page=662 |jstor=2617710}}</ref>
|[[New Jewel Movement#Revolution|New Jewel Movement]]
|{{flagcountry|Grenada}}
|{{flagicon image| }} New Jewel Movement<ref name="Grenade"/>
|
|
|Installation of the [[People's Revolutionary Government]]<ref name="Haile"/>
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1979|10|15|df=y}}
|{{end date|1992|01|16|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1979|10|15|1992|01|16|duration=yes}})
|[[Salvadoran Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|El Salvador}}
|{{flagicon image|Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front former flag.svg}} [[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front|FMLN]]
* {{flagicon image|The flag of the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL).svg}} [[Farabundo Martí Popular Liberation Forces|FPL]] ([[People's Revolutionary Bloc|BLP]], [[February 28 Popular Leagues|LP-28]])
* {{flagicon image|ERP flag.gif}} [[People's Revolutionary Army (El Salvador)|ERP]]
* {{flagicon image|The flag of the Resistencia Nacional (RN).svg}} [[National Resistance Armed Forces|RN]] ([[Unified Popular Action Front|FAPU]])
* {{flagicon image|PRTC flag.jpg}} [[Revolutionary Party of the Central American Workers – El Salvador|PRTC]] ([[People's Liberation Movement (El Salvador)|MLP]])
* {{flagicon image|Bandera del pcs.gif}} [[Communist Party of El Salvador|PCES]]
|
|87,795+ killed<ref name="Seilgon">{{cite book |url=https://my.vanderbilt.edu/seligson/files/2013/12/Low-Intensity-Warfare-High-Intensity-Death-The-Demographic-Impact-of-the-Wars-in-El-Salvador-and-Nicaragua.pdf |title=Low Intensity Warfare, High Intensity Death: The Demographic Impact of the Wars in El Salvador and Nicaragua |first1=Mitchell A. |last1=Seligson |first2=Vincent |last2=McElhinny |publisher=[[University of Pittsburgh]]}}</ref>
|[[Chapultepec Peace Accords]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Pugh |first=Jeffrey |date=January 2009 |title=The Structure of Negotiation: Lessons from El Salvador for Contemporary Conflict Resolution |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229930205 |journal=Negotiation Journal |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=83–105 |doi=10.1111/j.1571-9979.2008.00209.x}}</ref>
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front|FMLN]] (mainly composed of [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] guerrilla groups)<ref>{{Cite book |title=Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War |last=Wood |first=Elisabeth Jean |author-link=Elisabeth Jean Wood |series=Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2003 |isbn=0521010500 |pages=1–4, 14–15 |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511808685}}</ref> fought against the U.S. backed military government which suppressed the rebel movement by framing and mass murdering alleged [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] revolutionaries ([[El Mozote massacre]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/itvs/enemiesofwar/perspectives5.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040225173239/https://www.pbs.org/itvs/enemiesofwar/perspectives5.html |archive-date=25 February 2004 |title=Enemies of War - Justice Denied |website=[[PBS]] |date=25 February 2004 |access-date=6 November 2019}}</ref> The FMLN was inspired by the ideologies of [[Farabundo Martí]] and [[Vladimir Lenin]].}}
|-
|{{start date|1980|05|17|df=y}}<ref name=captured>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-614282.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104175528/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-614282.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 November 2012 |title=Shining Path Rebel Leader Is Captured in Peru |access-date=9 September 2010 |date=15 July 1999 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref><ref name="Orin">{{cite book |last1=Starn |first1=Orin |title=The Shining Path: Love, Madness, and Revolution in the Andes 1st Edition |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=toxgDwAAQBAJ&q=shining+path |isbn=9780393292817 |date=30 April 2019}}</ref>
|Present<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3985659.stm |title=Americas &#124; Profile: Peru's Shining Path |work=[[BBC News]] |date=5 November 2004 |access-date=15 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119213604/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3985659.stm |archive-date=19 January 2024}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1980|05|17| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Internal conflict in Peru]]
|{{flagcountry|Peru}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Sendero Luminoso.svg}} [[Shining Path|Communist Party of Peru–Shining Path]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Streissguth |first=Thomas |date=1993 |chapter=Abimael Guzman and the Shining Path |chapter-url=https://www.georgiastandards.org/resources/Lexile_in_Action/SSWH20_1040.pdf |title=International Terrorists |pages=140–146 |access-date=12 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112181812/https://www.georgiastandards.org/resources/Lexile_in_Action/SSWH20_1040.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2018}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Sendero_Luminoso_and_the_People's_Guerrilla_Army.svg}} [[People's Guerrilla Army]]
----
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Militarized Communist Party of Peru.svg}} [[Militarized Communist Party of Peru]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mindef/noticias/84794-sendero-luminoso-sufre-deserciones-por-estrategia-militar-y-policial-en-el-vraem |title=Sendero Luminoso sufre deserciones por estrategia militar y policial en el Vraem |language=es |trans-title=Shining Path suffers desertions due to military and police strategy in Vraem |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=21 February 2020 |website=gob.pe |publisher=Gobierno del Perú |access-date=27 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416203334/https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mindef/noticias/84794-sendero-luminoso-sufre-deserciones-por-estrategia-militar-y-policial-en-el-vraem |archive-date=16 April 2023}}</ref>
---- 
{{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_PCP-CBMR.svg}} [[:es:Comité Base Mantaro Rojo|Red Mantaro Base Committee]]
---- 
{{flagicon image|Flag of the MRTA.svg}} [[Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000393913.pdf |title=Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement: Growing threat to US interests in Peru |work=[[CIA]] |date=28 March 1991 |access-date=7 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801221822/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000393913.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 August 2020}}</ref> {{small|(1982–1997)}}
|[[Ayacucho Region]]
|70,000+ killed<ref name=TRC>{{cite web |title=Final Report |url=http://www.cverdad.org.pe/ingles/pagina01.php |work=Press Release |publisher=Truth and reconciliation commission |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119055816/https://www.cverdad.org.pe/ingles/pagina01.php |archive-date=19 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://rpp.pe/peru/actualidad/grafico-que-fue-la-cvr-y-que-dijo-su-informe-final-noticia-990203 |title=Gráfico: ¿qué fue la CVR y qué dijo su informe final? |language=es |trans-title=Graphic: what was the TRC and what did its final report say? |work=RPP |date=26 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927141005/https://rpp.pe/peru/actualidad/grafico-que-fue-la-cvr-y-que-dijo-su-informe-final-noticia-990203 |archive-date=27 September 2023}}</ref><ref name="rendon2019">{{cite journal |last=Rendon |first=Silvio |date=1 January 2019 |title=Capturing correctly: A reanalysis of the indirect capture–recapture methods in the Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission |journal=Research & Politics |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=2053168018820375 |doi=10.1177/2053168018820375 |issn=2053-1680 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[internal conflict in Peru]] comprised two rebellions by two different Marxist organizations. One, the [[Shining Path]], fought a bloody war beginning in 1980 with successive Peruvian governments, both democratic and authoritarian in nature. Another organization, known as the [[Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement]] (MRTA), named after an Incan warrior [[Túpac Amaru]] began their own rebellion in 1982. The MRTA and Shining Path quickly became bitter enemies and fought one another as well as the government of Peru. Fighting goes on today with a small number of Shining Path cadres, however the movement has mostly been crushed and only operates in a very remote jungle region. The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement was largely destroyed in 1997 after the [[Japanese embassy hostage crisis]].}}
|-
|{{start date|1982|01|25|df=y}}
|{{end date|1982|01|25|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1982|01|25|1982|01|25|duration=yes}})
|[[1982 Amol uprising]]
|{{flagcountry|Iran}}
|{{flagicon image|blank.svg}} [[Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran)]]
|[[Amol County]]
|80–300 killed
|Iranian government victory
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1983|08|04|df=y}}
|{{end date|1983|08|04|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1983|08|04|1983|08|04|duration=yes}})
|[[1983 Upper Voltan coup d'état|Upper Voltan coup d'état]]<ref name="Rupley">{{cite book |last1=Rupley | first1=Lawrence |last2=Bangali |first2=Lamissa |last3=Diamitani |first3=Boureima |title=Historical Dictionary of Burkina Faso |location=Lanham |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |edition=revised |date=2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnRbA-pYcegC |isbn=9780810867703 |page=iii}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kandeh |first=J. |title=Coups from Below: Armed Subalterns and State Power in West Africa |publisher=Springer |date=2004 |location= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZTjHAAAAQBAJ |isbn=9781403978776 |pages=124}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|Upper Volta}}
|{{flagicon image|blank.svg}} [[Left-wing]] [[Burkina Faso Armed Forces|armed forces]] faction led by [[Thomas Sankara]] and [[Blaise Compaoré]]
|
|13 killed
|{{bulleted list|Thomas Sankara installed as the [[List of heads of state of Burkina Faso|President of Upper Volta]]|Formation of [[Burkina Faso]]}}
|colspan=3|
{{efn|After the formation of Burkina Faso, Thomas Sanka led many socialist policy implementations. One example is the suppression of most of the powers held by tribal chiefs in Burkina Faso. The chiefs were stripped of their rights to tribute payments and forced labour as well as having their land distributed amongst the peasantry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thomassankara.net/facts-about-thomas-sankara-in-burkina-faso/?lang=en |title=Facts about Thomas Sankara in Burkina Faso |website=thomassankara.net |date=24 November 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105112904/http://www.thomassankara.net/facts-about-thomas-sankara-in-burkina-faso/?lang=en |archive-date=5 November 2020}}</ref> Blaise Compaoré later led the [[1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état]], which killed Thomas Sankara and reversed his far-left policies.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Brooke |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/26/world/a-friendship-dies-in-a-bloody-coup.html |title=A Friendship Dies in a Bloody Coup |date=26 October 1987 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=22 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725092025/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/26/world/a-friendship-dies-in-a-bloody-coup.html |archive-date=25 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Burkina Faso |edition=2nd |last1=Mason |first1=Katrina |last2=Knight |first2=James |year=2011 |publisher=The Globe Pequot Press Inc. |page=31 |isbn=9781841623528}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{start date|1987|04|15|df=y}}
|{{end date|1987|12|29|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1987|04|15|1987|12|29|duration=yes}})
|[[1987–1989 JVP insurrection]]
|{{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}
| {{flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna]]
* [[Deshapremi Janatha Viyaparaya]]
** [[Patriotic People's Armed Troops]]
|
|60,000–80,000 killed<ref>{{Cite book |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Report Submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives and Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate by the Department of State in Accordance with Sections 116(d) and 502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended, Volume 997 |page=1698 |year=1988 |publisher=U.S. Government printing office |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yS82AAAAIAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=http://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/SriLanka-StateofConflictandViolence.pdf |title=Sri Lanka – State of Conflict and Violence |publisher=[[Asia Foundation]] |chapter=JVP Insurgency |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018225459/https://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/SriLanka-StateofConflictandViolence.pdf |archive-date=18 October 2023}}</ref>
|Sri Lankan Government victory: {{bulleted list|Execution of [[Rohana Wijeweera]]|Emergency conditions in South-western and Central provinces lifted|Insurgency declined following the fall of the [[Eastern bloc]]}}
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|1996|02|13|df=y}}
|{{end date|2006|11|21|df=y}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1996|02|13|2006|11|21|duration=yes}})
|[[Nepalese Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Nepal}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).svg}} [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]]<ref name="Lawoti-Pahari">{{cite book |editor1-first=Mahendra |editor1-last=Lawoti |editor2-first=Anup K. |editor2-last=Pahari |title=The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Revolution in the twenty-first century |year=2010 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-77717-9}}</ref>
* [[People's Liberation Army, Nepal]]
|[[Rapti Zone]]
|17,800 killed overall<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/17800-people-died-during-conflict-period-says-ministry-peace |title=17,800 people died during conflict period, says Ministry of Peace – Nepal |website=[[ReliefWeb]] |date=18 June 2012 |access-date=31 January 2020 |archive-date=5 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805181710/https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/17800-people-died-during-conflict-period-says-ministry-peace |url-status=live}}</ref> 
|[[Comprehensive Peace Accord]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/NP_061122_Comprehensive%20Peace%20Agreement%20between%20the%20Government%20and%20the%20CPN%20%28Maoist%29.pdf |title=Comprehensive Peace Accord Signed between Nepal Government And the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) |date=22 November 2006 |website=[[United Nations]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002080020/https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/NP_061122_Comprehensive%20Peace%20Agreement%20between%20the%20Government%20and%20the%20CPN%20%28Maoist%29.pdf |archive-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)|Maoist Unified Communist Party of Nepal]] fought [[Nepalese Civil War|a fairly successful revolutionary war]] against the autocratic [[King of Nepal]]. In 2006 peace was declared, and an agreement was reached that the Maoists would join an interim government.}}
|-
|{{start date|2021|06|20|df=y}}
|Present
|({{age in years and days nts|2021|06|20| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[2021–2023 Eswatini protests]]
|{{flagcountry|Eswatini}}
|{{bulleted list|{{flagicon image|Communist Party of Swaziland flag.svg}} [[Communist Party of Swaziland]] (CPS)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/w/cp-swaziland-call-for-uprising |title=Communist Party of Swaziland calling for 'nationwide mass uprising against the regime' |date=22 June 2021 |work=Morning Star |access-date=30 June 2021 |archive-date=22 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622212012/https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/w/cp-swaziland-call-for-uprising |url-status=live}}</ref> |{{flagicon image|PUDEMO flag.svg}} [[People's United Democratic Movement]] (PUDEMO) |{{flagicon image|Flag of the Ngwane National Liberatory Congress.svg}} [[Ngwane National Liberatory Congress]] (NNLC) |[[Swazi Democratic Party]] (SWADEPA)<ref name="EFF"/> |{{flagicon image|EFF Swaziland flag.svg}} [[Economic Freedom Fighters of Swaziland]] (EFFSWA)<ref name="EFF">{{cite web |url=https://sdnewsweek.wordpress.com/2021/06/24/tinkhundla-government-is-useless-mp-timothy-tells-residents-eff-swadepa-2/ |title=Tinkhundla Government is Useless : MP Timothy tells, Residents, EFF, SWADEPA |date=24 June 2021 |access-date=30 June 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181328/https://sdnewsweek.wordpress.com/2021/06/24/tinkhundla-government-is-useless-mp-timothy-tells-residents-eff-swadepa-2/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |[[African United Democratic Party]] (AUDP) |Mass Democratic Movement (MDM)<ref name="MDM">{{cite web |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/africa/news/eswatini-opposition-parties-civil-society-meet-in-sa-to-plot-strategy-against-king-mswati-20221221 |title=Eswatini opposition parties, civil society meet in SA to plot strategy against King Mswati |access-date=13 January 2023 |archive-date=13 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113105707/https://www.news24.com/news24/africa/news/eswatini-opposition-parties-civil-society-meet-in-sa-to-plot-strategy-against-king-mswati-20221221 |url-status=live}}</ref> |Swaziland International Solidarity Forces<ref name="crisis24">{{cite web |title=Eswatini: Further unrest is possible nationwide at least through November |url=https://crisis24.garda.com/alerts/2022/11/eswatini-further-unrest-is-possible-nationwide-at-least-through-november |website=Crisis24 |date=14 November 2022 |access-date=19 August 2023 |archive-date=19 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819103917/https://crisis24.garda.com/alerts/2022/11/eswatini-further-unrest-is-possible-nationwide-at-least-through-november |url-status=live}}</ref>}}
|
|24+<ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite news |last=Hill |first=Matthew |date=3 July 2021 |title=Southern Africa Bloc to Send Team to Eswatini to Discuss Unrest |newspaper=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-03/southern-africa-bloc-to-send-team-to-eswatini-to-discuss-unrest-kqnxuokm |url-status=live |access-date=3 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712054059/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-03/southern-africa-bloc-to-send-team-to-eswatini-to-discuss-unrest-kqnxuokm |archive-date=12 July 2021}}</ref><ref name="Yahoo">{{cite news |access-date=1 July 2021 |title=S.Africa, UK urge restraint after deadly unrest in Eswatini|url=https://news.yahoo.com/africa-uk-urge-restraint-deadly-140919371.html |work=[[Yahoo News]] |archive-date=1 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701143912/https://news.yahoo.com/africa-uk-urge-restraint-deadly-140919371.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|
|-
|{{start date|2021|08| |df=y}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Communist Party of Burma declares People's War against the junta government |url=https://workers.today/communist-party-of-burma-declares-peoples-war-against-the-junta-government/ |work=Workers Today |date=7 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107073231/https://workers.today/communist-party-of-burma-declares-peoples-war-against-the-junta-government/ |archive-date=7 November 2021 |ref={{harvid|Workers Today|2021}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bociaga |first1=Robert |title=Myanmar's Army Is Fighting a Multi-Front War |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/11/myanmars-army-is-fighting-a-multi-front-war/ |access-date=1 January 2024 |work=[[The Diplomat]] |date=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425085548/https://thediplomat.com/2021/11/myanmars-army-is-fighting-a-multi-front-war/|archive-date=25 April 2023}}</ref>
|Present
|({{age in years and days nts|2021|08|01| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]]
|{{flagcountry|Myanmar}}
|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Army (Myanmar).png}} [[People's Liberation Army (Myanmar)]]
* {{flagicon|MYA}} [[National Unity Government of Myanmar|National Unity Government]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/militia-05252021091305.html/ampRFA |title=Interview: 'Our Strength is in the People' |date=25 May 2021 |website=[[Radio Free Asia]] |publisher= |access-date=25 May 2021 |archive-date=28 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628155121/https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/militia-05252021091305.html/ampRFA |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="SGNMGW">{{cite news |title=Sagaing and Magway PDFs launch guerrilla attacks on military columns |url=https://www.myanmar-now.org/en/news/sagaing-and-magway-pdfs-launch-guerrilla-attacks-on-military-columns |access-date=27 December 2021 |work=[[Myanmar Now]] |date=12 October 2021 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128160101/https://www.myanmar-now.org/en/news/sagaing-and-magway-pdfs-launch-guerrilla-attacks-on-military-columns |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="YGN">{{cite news |title=Yangon PDF Central Command announces attacks after Kyimyindine crackdown |url=https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/yangon-pdf-central-command-announces-attacks-after-kyimyindine-crackdown |access-date=27 December 2021 |work=[[Burma News International|BNI]] |date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=27 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227003332/https://www.bnionline.net/en/news/yangon-pdf-central-command-announces-attacks-after-kyimyindine-crackdown |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Three Brotherhood Alliance|Brotherhood Alliance]]
|Myanmar
|45,264+ killed<ref>{{cite news |url=https://acleddata.com/dashboard/#/dashboard |title=ACLED Dashboard |work=[[Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project|ACLED]] |date=22 April 2022 |access-date=1 May 2022 |archive-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101211737/https://acleddata.com/dashboard#/dashboard |url-status=live}}</ref>
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|
|-
|}

== See also ==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [[Class conflict]]
* [[Communist state]]
* [[Communist society]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
{{refbegin}}
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* {{cite book |last=Bazenguissa-Ganga |first=Rémy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=15Qza8LQcFMC |title=Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique |language=fr |trans-title=The ways of politics in Congo: essay in historical sociology |location=Paris |publisher=Karthala |date=1997 |isbn=978-2-86537-739-8}}
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* {{cite book |last=Crozier |first=Brian |author-link=Brian Crozier |title=Political Victory: The Elusive Prize Of Military Wars |year=2005 |publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]] |isbn=978-0-7658-0290-3}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Carlisle |first=Rodney |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right |title=Communism |pages=95–99  |editor1-last=Carlisle |editor1-first=Rodney |volume=1 |date=2005 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |doi=10.4135/9781412952408 |isbn=978-1-4129-0409-4}}
* {{cite book |last=Damrongviteetham |first=Jularat |title=Narratives of the "Red Barrel" Incident |year=2013 |page=101 |doi=10.1057/9781137311672_6 |isbn=9781137311672 |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137311672_6 |access-date=11 June 2023 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174050/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137311672_6 |url-status=live}}
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* {{cite journal |last=Kheng |first=Cheah Boon |author-link=Cheah Boon Kheng |year=2009 |title=The Communist Insurgency in Malaysia, 1948–90: Contesting the Nation-State and Social Change |journal=New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=132–152 |url=https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/14_cheah_3.pdf |access-date=5 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217100855/https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/14_cheah_3.pdf |archive-date=17 February 2023}}
* {{cite book |last=Kim |first=Suzy |date=2016 |title=Everyday Life in the North Korean Revolution, 1945–1950 |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |isbn=9780801469367 |doi=10.7591/9780801469367}}
* {{cite web |last=Koplowitz |first=Wilfred |date=April 1967 |url=https://archive.org/details/thai-communist-profile/mode/2up |title=A Profile of Communist Insurgency-The Case of Thailand |work=The Senior Seminar in Foreign Policy 1966–67 |access-date=29 October 2015}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lazar |first=Marc |author-link=Marc Lazar |encyclopedia=[[International Encyclopedia of Political Science]] |title=Communism |pages=310–314 |editor1-last=Badie |editor1-first=Bertrand |editor1-link=Bertrand Badie |editor2-first=Dirk |editor2-last=Berg-Schlosser |editor2-link=Dirk Berg-Schlosser |editor3-first=Leonardo |editor3-last=Morlino |editor3-link=Leonardo Morlino |volume=2 |date=2011 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |doi=10.4135/9781412994163 |isbn=9781412959636}}
* {{cite book |last=Le Blanc |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Le Blanc (historian) |date=2006 |title=Marx, Lenin, and the Revolutionary Experience: Studies of Communism and Radicalism in the Age of Globalization |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-97973-3}}
* {{cite book |last=Lee Lanning |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Lee Lanning |title=Inside the VC and the NVA |year=2008 |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |isbn=978-1-60344-059-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Logevall |first=Fredrik |title=Embers of War: the fall of an empire and the making of America's Vietnam |year=2012 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-375-75647-4}}
* {{cite journal |last=Merrill |first=John |date=1980 |title=Cheju-do Rebellion |journal=[[Journal of Korean Studies]] |volume=2 |doi=10.1353/jks.1980.0004 |pages=139–197 |s2cid=143130387}}
* {{cite book |last=Mestrovic |first=Stjepan |year=2013 |author-link=Stjepan Mestrovic |title=Genocide After Emotion: The Post-Emotional Balkan War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CdTcAAAAQBAJ&q=me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87+850,000+yugoslavs&pg=PA129 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=9781136163494}}
* {{cite web |author=National Archive of Finland |url=http://vesta.narc.fi/cgi-bin/db2www/sotasurmaetusivu/stat2 |title=Vuoden 1918 sodan sotasurmat kuolintavan ja osapuolen mukaan |language=fi |trans-title=War casualties of the 1918 war by manner of death and party |date=2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310022523/http://vesta.narc.fi/cgi-bin/db2www/sotasurmaetusivu/stat2 |archive-date=10 March 2015}}
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1966 |title=Poliittiset väkivaltaisuudet Suomessa 1918, I Punainen terrori |trans-title=Political violence in Finland 1918, I Red terror |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi}}
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1967 |title=Poliittiset väkivaltaisuudet Suomessa 1918, II Valkoinen terrori |trans-title=Political violence in Finland 1918, II White terror |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi}}
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1971 |title=Vankileirit Suomessa 1918 |trans-title=Prison camps in Finland in 1918 |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi |isbn=951-30-1015-5}}
* {{cite book |last=Pagès i Blanch |first=Pelai |date=2013 |title=War and Revolution in Catalonia, 1936–1939 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |series=Historical Materialism |translator-first=Patrick L. |translator-last=Gallagher |isbn=978-90-04-25426-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Pons |first=Silvio |author-link=:it:Silvio Pons |date=2014 |title=The Global Revolution: A History of International Communism 1917–1991 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |series=Oxford Studies in Modern European History |translator-last=Cameron |translator-first=Allan |isbn=978-0-19-965762-9}}
* {{cite book |last=Prizzia |first=Ross |date=1985 |url=https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces |title=Thailand in Transition: The Role of Oppositional Forces |location=Honolulu |publisher=[[University of Hawaii Press]] |pages=[https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/19/mode/2up 19–20], [https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/23/mode/2up 24]}}
* {{cite journal |last=Ram |first=Mohan |date=1973 |title=The Telengana Peasant Armed Struggle, 1946-51 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4362720 |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=8 |issue=23 |pages=1025–1032 |jstor=4362720 |issn=0012-9976 |via=[[JSTOR]] |access-date=8 September 2021 |archive-date=8 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908000421/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4362720 |url-status=live}}
* {{cite book |last=Roselius |first=Aapo |author-link=:fi:Aapo Roselius |year=2004 |chapter=Saksalaisten henkilötappiot Suomessa vuonna 1918 |trans-chapter=German casualties in Finland in 1918 |editor-last=Westerlund |editor-first=L. |editor-link=:fi:Lars Westerlund |title=Sotaoloissa vuosina 1914–1922 surmansa saaneet |trans-title=Deaths in war conditions between 1914 and 1922 |pages=165–176 |place=Helsinki |publisher=VNKJ 10/2004, Edita |language=fi |isbn=952-5354-52-0}}
* {{cite book |last1=Rotari |first1=Ludmila |title=Mișcarea subversivă din Basarabia în anii 1918-1924 |language=ro |trans-title=The subversive movement in Bessarabia in the years 1918-1924 |date=2004 |publisher=Editura Enciclopedică |location=București |isbn=9734504908}}
* {{cite book |last=Tikka |first=Marko |author-link=:fi:Marko Tikka |year=2014 |chapter=Warfare & Terror in 1918 |editor1-last=Tepora |editor1-first=T. |editor1-link=:fi:Tuomas Tepora |editor2-last=Roselius |editor2-first=A. |editor2-link=:fi:Aapo Roselius |title=The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy |pages=90–118 |place=Leiden |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |isbn=978-90-04-24366-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Upton |first=Anthony F. |author-link=Anthony F. Upton |year=1980 |title=Vallankumous Suomessa 1917–1918 |trans-title=Revolution in Finland 1917–1918, II |volume=II |place=Jyväskylä |publisher=Gummerus |language=fi |isbn=951-26-2022-7}}
* {{cite book |last=Westerlund |first=Lars |author-link=:fi:Lars Westerlund |year=2004a |title=Sotaoloissa vuosina 1914–1922 surmansa saaneet |trans-title=Those who were killed in wartime between 1914 and 1922 |place=Helsinki |publisher=VNKJ 10/2004, Edita |language=fi |isbn=952-5354-52-0}}
* {{cite book |last1=Westerlund |first1=Lars |author1-link=:fi:Lars Westerlund |last2=Kalleinen |first2=Kristiina |author2-link=:fi:Kristiina Kalleinen |year=2004 |chapter=Loppuarvio surmansa saaneista venäläisistä |trans-chapter=Final assessment of the Russians who were killed |editor-last=Westerlund |editor-first=L. |editor-link=:fi:Lars Westerlund |title=Venäläissurmat Suomessa 1914–1922, 2.2. Sotatapahtumat 1918–1922 |trans-title=Russian deaths in Finland 1914–1922, 2.2. War events 1918–1922 |pages=267–271 |place=Helsinki |publisher=VNKJ 3/2004c, Edita |language=fi |isbn=952-5354-45-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Žerjavić |first=Vladimir |year=1993 |title=Yugoslavia: Manipulations with the Number of Second World War Victims |publisher=Croatian Information Centre |isbn=0-919817-32-7 |url=http://www.hic.hr/books/manipulations/index.htm |access-date=22 January 2011 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230428/http://www.hic.hr/books/manipulations/index.htm |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite book |last=Zirinsky |first=Michael P. |date=1994 |chapter=The Rise of Reza Khan |title=A Century of Revolution: Social Movements in Iran |editor-last=Foran |editor-first=John |publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]] |pages=44–77 |isbn=}}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Communist revolutions| ]]
[[Category:Revolutions by type]]
[[Category:20th-century revolutions]]
{{Навигационная таблица/Портал/Английская Википедия}}
[[Категория:Английская Википедия]]
[[Категория:Википедия]]
[[Категория:Статья из Википедии]]
[[Категория:Статья из Английской Википедии]]