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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Constitutional monarchy of France (1791–1792)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox former country
|native_name            = {{native name|fr|Royaume de France}}
|conventional_long_name = [[Kingdom of France]]
|common_name            = France
|era                    =
|empire                 =
|government_type        = [[Parliamentary system|Parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]]
|event_start            = [[French Constitution of 1791|Constitution adopted]]
|year_start             = 1791
|date_start             = 3 September
|event_end              = [[Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy|Republic proclaimed]]
|year_end               = 1792
|date_end               = 21 September
|life_span              = 1791–1792
|event_pre              = [[Flight to Varennes]]
|date_pre               = 20–21 June 1791
|event1                 = [[Insurrection of 10 August 1792|Storming of the Tuileries]]
|date_event1            = 10 August 1792
|p1                     = Kingdom of France
|flag_p1                = Royal Standard of the King of France.svg
|s1                     = French First Republic
|flag_s1                = Flag of France (1790-1794).svg
|flag                   = Flag of France
|flag_type              = Flag
|image_flag             = Flag of France (1790-1794).svg
|symbol                 = Coat of arms of France
|symbol_type            = State Coat of arms
|image_coat             = Coat of arms of France 1790-92.svg
|image_map              = France in 1792.jpg
|image_map_caption      = Kingdom of France, September 1791 – September 1792
|capital                = [[Paris]]
|national_motto         = ''[[La Nation, la Loi, le Roi]]''<br />"The Nation, the Law, the King"
|national_anthem        = ''[[Marche Henri IV]]'' (1590–1830)<br/>{{small|"March of Henry IV"}}<br />
|common_languages       = [[French language|French]]
|religion               = [[Roman Catholicism]]<br>([[state religion]])
|currency               = [[Assignat]]
|leader1                = [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]]
|year_leader1           = 1791–1792
|title_leader           = [[King of the French]]
|legislature            = [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]]
|demonym= French|area_km2=|area_rank=|GDP_PPP=|GDP_PPP_year=|HDI=|HDI_year=|today=}}

{{Infobox government cabinet
| cabinet_name            = Constitutional Cabinet of Louis XVI
| cabinet_type            = Cabinet
| jurisdiction            = [[Kingdom of France]]
| flag                    = Flag of France (1790-1794).svg
| flag_border             = true
| image                   = Antoine-François Callet - Luís XVI.jpg
| date_formed             = {{Start date|1791|9|3|df=y}}
| date_dissolved          = {{End date|1792|9|21|df=y}}
| government_head         = King [[Louis XVI of France|Louis XVI]]
| state_head              = King Louis XVI
| members_number          = 5
| former_members_number   = 19
| total_number            = 24
| political_party         = [[Independent politician|Independents]], [[Feuillant (political group)|Feuillants]], [[Girondins|Moderate Jacobins]] (1792)
| legislature_status      = [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]]
| opposition_party        = [[Jacobin]]s
| opposition_leader       = [[Georges Couthon]], [[Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud]] and others
| election                = [[1791 French legislative election|1791]]
| legislature_term        = 6 September 1791 – 2 September 1792
| successor               = [[Ministers of the French National Convention|Government of the National Convention]]
}}

The '''Kingdom of France''' (the remnant of the preceding [[Absolute monarchy in France|absolutist]] Kingdom of France) was a [[constitutional monarchy]] that governed France from 3 September 1791 until 21 September 1792, when this constitutional monarchy was succeeded by the [[French First Republic]].

On 3 September 1791, the [[National Constituent Assembly (France)|National Constituent Assembly]] forced King [[Louis XVI]] to accept the [[French Constitution of 1791]], thus turning the absolute monarchy into a constitutional monarchy.

After the [[Insurrection of 10 August 1792|10 August 1792 Storming of the Tuileries Palace]], the [[Legislative Assembly (France)|Legislative Assembly]] on 11 August 1792 suspended this constitutional monarchy.<ref name="Fraser, 454">Fraser, 454</ref> The freshly elected [[National Convention]] abolished the monarchy on 21 September 1792, ending 203 years of consecutive [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]] rule over France.

==Background==
Since 1789, France had been undergoing a [[French Revolution|revolution]] in its government and social orders. A National Assembly declared itself into being and promulgated their intention to provide France with a fair and liberal constitution.<ref>Hibbert, 63</ref> Louis XVI moved to Paris in October of that year, but grew to detest Paris, and organised an escape plot in 1791. The plot, known as the [[Flight to Varennes]], ultimately failed to materialise and severely damaged any positive public opinion for the monarchy.<ref>Hibbert, 130</ref> Louis XVI's brothers-in-exile in [[Koblenz]] rallied for an invasion of France. [[Habsburg monarchy|Austria]] and [[Prussia]] responded to the royal brothers' appeals and released the [[Declaration of Pillnitz]] in August. The declaration stated that Prussia and Austria wished to restore Louis XVI to absolute power but would only attempt to do so with the assistance of the other European powers.<ref>Hibbert, 143</ref>

==Constitution==
Louis XVI was forced to submit to the Constitution of 1791 by the National Assembly in the aftermath of his Flight to Varennes.<ref>Jones, 426</ref> The Constitution of 1791, which established the Kingdom of the French, was revolutionary in its content. It abolished the nobility of France and declared all men to be equal before the law. Louis XVI had the ability to veto legislation that he did not approve of, as legislation still needed Royal Assent to come into force.<ref>[http://sourcebook.fsc.edu/history/constitutionof1791.html The Constitution of 1791] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217062556/http://sourcebook.fsc.edu/history/constitutionof1791.html |date=17 December 2011 }}</ref>

==Republic==
Louis XVI reluctantly declared war on Austria on 20 April 1792, bowing to the Assembly's wishes. Prussia allied with Austria and therefore France was at war with Prussia as well.<ref>Hibbert, 145</ref> The Duke of Brunswick, Commander of the Austrian and Prussian military, issued the Brunswick Manifesto in 1792; it brought about the [[Storming of the Tuileries]] on the 10th of August. The manifesto explicitly threatened the people of Paris with dire repercussions if they in any way harmed Louis XVI or his family.<ref>Jones, 459</ref> The Legislative Assembly was inundated with requests for the monarchy's demise. The President of the National Assembly responded by suspending the monarchy on 11 August, pending the outcome of elections for another assembly.<ref name="Fraser, 454"/> The newly elected National Convention, elected under universal male suffrage, abolished the monarchy on 21 September 1792 and proclaimed a republic.<ref>Jones, 462</ref> Louis was [[Execution of Louis XVI|executed by guillotine]] on 21 January 1793.

{{Cabinet table start|hiderefcol=y}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[List of French monarchs|King of the French]]
 | minister1             = [[Louis XVI]]
 | minister1_termstart   = 6 September 1791
 | minister1_termend     = 2 September 1792
 | minister1_party       = N/A
}}
!bgcolor="#000000" colspan="6"|
|-
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[French Ministry for the Economy and Finance|Minister of Finances]]
 | minister1             = [[Louis Hardouin Tarbé]]
 | minister1_termstart   = 29 May 1791
 | minister1_termend     = 24 March 1792
 | minister1_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister2             = [[Étienne Clavière]]
 | minister2_termstart   = 24 March 1792
 | minister2_termend     = 13 June 1792
 | minister2_party       = [[Girondins]]
 | minister3             = [[Antoine Duranton]]
 | minister3_termstart   = 13 June 1792
 | minister3_termend     = 18 June 1792
 | minister3_party       = Girondins
 | minister4             = [[Jules de Beaulieu]]
 | minister4_termstart   = 18 June 1792
 | minister4_termend     = 29 July 1792
 | minister4_party       = Independent politician
 | minister5             = [[René Delaville-Leroulx]]
 | minister5_termstart   = 29 July 1792
 | minister5_termend     = 10 August 1792
 | minister5_party       = Independent politician
}}
|-
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (France)|Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]]
 | minister1             = [[Claude Antoine de Valdec de Lessart]]
 | minister1_termstart   = 29 November 1791
 | minister1_termend     = 15 March 1792
 | minister1_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister2             = [[Charles-François Dumouriez]]
 | minister2_termstart   = 15 March 1792
 | minister2_termend     = 13 June 1792
 | minister2_party       = Girondins
 | minister3             = [[Pierre Paul de Méredieu, baron de Naillac|Pierre Paul de Méredieu]]
 | minister3_termstart   = 13 June 1792
 | minister3_termend     = 18 June 1792
 | minister3_party       = Independent politician
 | minister4             = [[Victor Scipion Charles Auguste de La Garde de Chambonas|Victor de La Garde de Chambonas]]
 | minister4_termstart   = 18 June 1792
 | minister4_termend     = 23 July 1792
 | minister4_party       = Girondins
 | minister5             = [[François Joseph de Gratet, vicomte Dubouchage|François Joseph de Gratet]]
 | minister5_termstart   = 23 July 1792
 | minister5_termend     = 1 August 1792
 | minister5_party       = Feuillants Club
}}
|-
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Secretary of State for War (France)|Secretary of State for War]]
 | minister1             = [[Louis, comte de Narbonne-Lara|Louis de Narbonne-Lara]]
 | minister1_termstart   = 7 December 1791
 | minister1_termend     = 9 March 1792
 | minister1_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister2             = [[Pierre Marie de Grave]]
 | minister2_termstart   = 9 March 1792
 | minister2_termend     = 9 May 1792
 | minister2_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister3             = [[Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey|Joseph Servan]]
 | minister3_termstart   = 9 May 1792
 | minister3_termend     = 13 June 1792
 | minister3_party       = Girondins
 | minister4             = [[Charles-François Dumouriez]]
 | minister4_termstart   = 13 June 1792
 | minister4_termend     = 18 June 1792
 | minister4_party       = Girondins
 | minister5             = [[Pierre August Lajard]]
 | minister5_termstart   = 18 June 1792
 | minister5_termend     = 23 July 1792
 | minister5_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister6             = [[Charles d'Abancour]]
 | minister6_termstart   = 23 July 1792
 | minister6_termend     = 10 August 1792
 | minister6_party       = Feuillants Club
}}
|-
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Secretary of State of the Navy (France)|Secretary of State of the Navy]]
 | minister1             = [[Claude Antoine de Valdec de Lessart|Claude Antoine de Valdec]]
 | minister1_termstart   = 18 September 1791
 | minister1_termend     = 7 October 1791
 | minister1_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister2             = [[Bertrand de Molleville]]
 | minister2_termstart   = 7 October 1791
 | minister2_termend     = 16 March 1792
 | minister2_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister3             = [[Jean de Lacoste]]
 | minister3_termstart   = 16 March 1792
 | minister3_termend     = 21 July 1792
 | minister3_party       = Independent politician
 | minister4             = [[François Joseph de Gratet, vicomte Dubouchage|François Joseph de Gratet]]
 | minister4_termstart   = 21 July 1792
 | minister4_termend     = 10 August 1792
 | minister4_party       = Feuillants Club
}}
|-
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Keeper of the Seals of France|Keeper of the Seals]]
 | minister1             = [[Marguerite-Louis-François Duport-Dutertre|François Duport-Dutertre]]
 | minister1_termstart   = 21 November 1790
 | minister1_termend     = 23 March 1792
 | minister1_party       = Feuillants Club
 | minister2             = [[Jean-Marie Roland, vicomte de la Platière|Jean-Marie Roland]]
 | minister2_termstart   = 16 March 1792
 | minister2_termend     = 14 April 1792
 | minister2_party       = Girondins
 | minister3             = [[Antoine Duranton]]
 | minister3_termstart   = 14 April 1792
 | minister3_termend     = 4 July 1792
 | minister3_party       = Girondins
 | minister4             = [[Étienne Dejoly]]
 | minister4_termstart   = 4 July 1792
 | minister4_termend     = 10 August 1792
 | minister4_party       = Feuillants Club
}}
{{Cabinet table end}}
{{clear}}

==See also==
* [[Louis XVI and the Legislative Assembly]]

==Citations==
{{reflist}}

==References==
*Fraser, Antonia: "Marie Antoinette: the Journey", Orion Books, London, 2001, {{ISBN|978-0-7538-1305-8}}
*[[Christopher Hibbert|Hibbert, Christopher]]: "The French Revolution", Penguin Books, Great Britain, 1982, {{ISBN|978-0-1400-4945-9}}
*Jones, Colin: "The Great Nation: France from Louis XV to Napoleon", Columbia University Press, New York, 2002, {{ISBN|0-2311-2882-7}}

{{coord missing|France}}
{{French Revolution}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:France, Kingdom of, (1791-1792)}}
[[Category:Former monarchies of Europe]]
[[Category:1791 establishments in France]]
[[Category:1792 disestablishments in France]]
[[Category:Louis XVI]]
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