Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Jacques

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Dominican monastery in Paris, France}}
[[File:Saint-Etienne-des-Grès on 1739 Turgot map Paris - KU 07.jpg|thumb|right|Detail of the [[plan de Turgot]] showing the monastery church on rue Saint-Jacques, opposite the exit from  rue Saint-Étienne-des-Grès (now [[rue Cujas]]). In the foreground is the dome of the [[Sorbonne (building)|Sorbonne]].]]
The '''Couvent Saint-Jacques''',<ref>
The Dominicans of the ''Couvent Saint-Jacques'' were reestablished in 1849 by father [[Lacordaire]] at a new address - they are now based at 20 [[rue des Tanneries]], in the [[13th arrondissement of Paris]]</ref> '''Grand couvent des Jacobins''' or '''Couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Jacques<ref>It was the first of two Dominican monasteries in Paris - the second, of the reformed Dominicans, was the [[Couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Honoré]]).</ref>''' was a Dominican monastery on [[Rue Saint-Jacques (Paris)|rue Saint-Jacques]] in [[Paris]], France. Its complex was between what are now [[rue Soufflot]] and [[rue Cujas]]. Its teaching activities were the origin of the '''collège des Jacobins''', a college of the historic [[University of Paris]].

== History ==
[[Image:Plan.abbaye.Jacobins.Paris.png|thumb|right|300px|Plan of the couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Jacques, by [[Eugène Viollet-le-Duc]]. Key - A: church; B: refectory (with the 'parloir aux bourgeois' on the other side of the enclosure) ; D: école Saint-Thomas.]] 
The Dominican order established a base in Paris in 1217 in a house near [[Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris|Notre-Dame]].<ref>[[Antony Béraud]], Pierre-Joseph-Spiridion Dufey, ''Dictionnarie historique de Paris', 566.  https://books.google.com/books?id=yW4sAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA366  Accessed 2-20-2013</ref>  In 1218 Jean Barastre (also known as Jean de Saint-Quentin, theology professor and doctor to [[Philip II of France]]) gave the order a house with a chapel near the city walls. This chapel was the chapel of a pilgrims' hospice - dedicated to [[Saint James the Great]], it gave its name to [[Rue Saint-Jacques (Paris)|rue Saint-Jacques]] and to the French Dominicans, who became known as the 'Jacobins' after their main monastery.

Major benefactions from [[Louis IX of France]] allowed the order to complete its church and build a dormitory and schools. In 1245, the [[Extractiones de Talmud|Talmud was translated into Latin]] by the Jacobins. Although limited by the city wall and in competition with the other great monastery-college in Paris, the [[Couvent des Cordeliers de Paris|Cordeliers]], the Dominicans expanded up to the [[wall of Philip II Augustus]] thanks to [[Louis XII of France]].<!---, who gave them the former ''parloir aux Bourgeois''. This ''parloir aux Bourgeois'' was a square tower built in the mid 13th century on the site of what is now 20 [[rue Soufflot]]. It marked the probably first site of the

 » était une tour carrée qui, depuis le milieu du {{XIIIe siècle}} sans doute, s'élevait vers le 20, [[rue Soufflot]]. Elle occupait l'emplacement du premier siège présumé de la [[hanse]] parisienne, et elle ne servit tout au plus que d'annexe au ''Parloir des bourgeois'', situé entre l'église Saint-Leufroy et le [[Grand-Châtelet]] où il resta jusqu'à ce qu'[[Étienne Marcel]] achète pour la ville la ''maison aux Piliers'' situé [[place de Grève]]. Ce bâtiment était situé sur le tracé de l'enceinte de [[Philippe-Auguste]], et comme il était protégé par une tourelle, on l'avait intégré aux fortifications pour former une protubérance extérieure à la muraille.</ref> et une ruelle qui courait le long du mur de la ville<ref>La ruelle est nommée Coupe-Gorge, à ne pas confondre avec la rue Coupe-Gueule, située entre la rue de Sorbonne et celle des Maçons.</ref>. --->

A wealthy merchant named Hennequin gave the order a gift in 1556 which enabled it to rebuild its cloister. Its study room, known as the ''Écoles Saint-Thomas'', was also rebuilt in 1563. A few years before the [[French Revolution]] this room was used for services, since the church was closed and in disrepair. The monastery was suppressed in 1790 and its buildings demolished between 1800 and 1849.<ref>''Dictionnarie historique de Paris: contenant la description circonstanciée de ...'' by [[Antony Béraud]], Pierre-Joseph-Spiridion Dufey, 366, https://books.google.com/books?id=yW4sAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA366  Accessed 2-24-2013</ref>

== Burials ==
[[File:Clémence d'Anjou.jpg|thumb|[[Clementia of Hungary]], from her effigy, originally in the monastery church.]]
The monastery church housed many notable tombs.

=== Royal and princely tombs ===
*[[Charles, Count of Valois]], son of [[Philip III of France]], founder of the [[house of Valois]],<ref name="Saint-Denis">The effigy is now in the [[Basilica of St Denis]].</ref>
*[[Charles II, Count of Alençon]], son of the former,<ref name="Saint-Denis" /> 
*[[Maria de La Cerda y Lara]], second wife of the former,<ref name="Saint-Denis" />
*Agnes, seventh daughter of [[John II of France]],
*[[Louis, Count of Évreux]], son of [[Philip III of France]],
*[[Margaret of Artois]], wife of the former,<ref name="Saint-Denis" />
*[[Robert, Count of Clermont]], son of [[Louis IX of France]], founder of the [[house of Bourbon]],
*[[Louis I, Duke of Bourbon]], son of the former,
*[[Margaret of Clermont]], sister of the former, wife of margrave [[John I, Marquis of Namur]]
*[[Peter I, Duke of Bourbon]], son of Louis I
*Louis, younger son of [[Louis II, Duke of Bourbon]],
*[[Beatrice of Bourbon, Queen of Bohemia|Beatrice of Bourbon]], daughter of Louis I, wife of [[John I of Bohemia|Jean de Luxembourg]] then of Eudes II de Grancey,<ref>Her effigy was an upright rather than a horizontal one and is now at Saint-Denis.</ref>
*[[Anne de Bourbon]], Countess of Montpensier
*[[Philip of Artois]], elder son of [[Robert II, Count of Artois]],
*[[Blanche of Brittany]], wife of the former,
*[[Gaston I, Count of Foix]],
*[[Clementia of Hungary]], second wife of [[Louis X of France]],<ref name="Saint-Denis" />
*the hearts of:
**[[Philip III of France]]
**[[Peter I, Count of Alençon|Peter]], fifth son of Louis IX,
**[[Charles IV of France]],
**[[Philip III of Navarre]], son of Louis, Count of Évreux,
**[[Joan II of Navarre]], daughter of Louis X of France,<ref>Only the faces of their effigies now survive, housed in the [[Louvre Museum]].</ref>
**[[Charles I of Sicily]], brother of Louis IX.<ref name="Saint-Denis" />
*the guts of
**king [[Philip V of France]]
**[[Philip VI of France]].

=== Other tombs ===
*[[Humbert II of Viennois|Humbert II]], last Dauphin de Viennois,
*cardinal [[Gui de Malsec]],
*[[Nicolas Coeffeteau]] and [[Noël Alexandre]], Dominicans
*[[Peter Paludanus]], [[Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem]]
*[[Agnès d'Orchies]], [[Jeanne La Bricharde]] and [[Jeanne Roumaine]], all three generals perpetual of the [[Béguines]] of Paris 
*[[Jean Passerai]], professor
*[[George Critton]], a Scottish doctor in civil and canon law and royal professor
*Nicolas de Paris, substitute for the procureur-général du Parlement.
*[[Claude Dormy]], [[Bishop of Boulogne-sur-Mer]], 
*[[Pierre de Rostrenen]], chamberlain to [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]],
*the poet [[Jean de Meung]], who continued the ''[[roman de la Rose]]''.

== Notes and references ==
<references />

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[[Category:Dominican monasteries in France]]
[[Category:Christian monasteries in Paris]]
[[Category:Former buildings and structures in Paris]]
[[Category:Burial sites of the House of Valois-Alençon]]
[[Category:Burial sites of the House of Valois]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in the 19th century]]
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