Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Cyclone Komen

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{{short description|North Indian cyclone in 2015}}
{{good article}}
{{Infobox weather event
| name = Cyclonic Storm Komen
| image = Komen 2015-07-30 0658Z.jpg
| caption = Komen approaching the Bangladeshi coast on July 30
| formed = July 26, 2015
| dissipated = August 2, 2015
}}{{Infobox weather event/IMD
| winds = 40
| pressure = 986
}}{{Infobox weather event/SSHWS
| category = monsoondepression
| agency = [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center|JTWC]]
| winds = 45
| pressure = 989
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
| year = 2015
| fatalities = 187&ndash;280 (including [[2015 Myanmar floods|unrelated flooding]])
| damage = 1995000000
| areas = [[Myanmar]], [[Bangladesh]], India
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer
| season = [[2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
}}

'''Cyclonic Storm Komen''' was an unusual [[tropical cyclone]] that originated near the southern coast of [[Bangladesh]] and later struck the same country while drifting over the northern [[Bay of Bengal]]. The second [[tropical cyclone naming|named storm]] of the [[2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season|2015 season]], Komen brought several days of heavy rainfall to [[Myanmar]], Bangladesh, and India. It formed as a depression on July&nbsp;26 over the [[Ganges delta]] and moved in a circular motion around the northern Bay of Bengal. Komen intensified into a {{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} [[Tropical cyclone scales#North Indian Ocean|cyclonic storm]] and moved ashore southeastern Bangladesh on July&nbsp;30. The system turned westward over land and was last noted over eastern India on August&nbsp;2.

Across its path, Komen dropped torrential rainfall, primarily in northwestern Myanmar where the precipitation totaled at {{convert|840|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[Paletwa]]. The rains compounded upon [[2015 Myanmar floods|ongoing flooding]] and contributed to the worst flooding in the country in a century. About 1.7&nbsp;million people were forced to evacuate as flood waters inundated houses to their rooftops. About 510,000&nbsp;houses in the country were damaged or destroyed, and many residents lost their source of income as {{convert|667,221|acre|ha|abbr=off}} of crop fields were damaged. The floods killed 132&nbsp;people, of which at least 39 were directly related to Komen. [[Government of Myanmar|The government]] requested assistance from the international community to cope with the disaster, considered the worst in the country since [[Cyclone Nargis]] in 2008. Elsewhere, the storm's flooding damaged 88,900&nbsp;houses in Bangladesh and covered crop fields for a week; Komen killed 45&nbsp;people in the country, some of whom due to illnesses spread by the storm. Later, floodwaters affected southeastern India, killing 103&nbsp;people and damaging or destroying 476,046&nbsp;houses.

==Meteorological history==
{{Storm path|Komen 2015 track.png}}
The [[monsoon]] spawned a [[low-pressure area]] on July&nbsp;25 over the extreme northern [[Bay of Bengal]] and along the southern coast of [[Bangladesh]]. With low [[wind shear]] and abundant [[convection (meteorology)|convection]] south of a developing circulation, the system quickly organized. At 03:00&nbsp;[[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] on July&nbsp;26, the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) classified the system as a depression, while the circulation was nearly stationary near the southern coast of Bangladesh. Land interaction and an unfavorable phase of the [[Madden–Julian oscillation]] prevented further strengthening, despite warm [[sea surface temperature|water temperatures]] of {{convert|31|C|F|abbr=on}}.<ref name="komen">{{cite report|publisher=India Meteorological Department|title=Cyclonic Storm (CS) Komen over the Bay of Bengal (26 July-02 August 2015)|date=August 2015|access-date=February 23, 2016|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/publications/preliminary-report/KOM.pdf|archive-date=23 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423034834/http://rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/publications/preliminary-report/KOM.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Early on July&nbsp;27, the American-based [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] (JTWC) began monitoring the depression after the convection organized further, amplified by good [[outflow (meteorology)|outflow]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory |date=July 27, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/ABIO10-PGTW_201507270000.htm |access-date=February 23, 2016 |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aKtn5Ybk?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/ABIO10-PGTW_201507270000.htm |archive-date=July 27, 2015 }}</ref> Still embedded within the monsoon, the depression remained nearly stationary for two days over southern Bangladesh.<ref name="komen"/> The JTWC issued a [[Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert]] late on July&nbsp;28, due to the increasingly defined circulation.<ref name="tcfa">{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert |date=July 28, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO21-PGTW_201507281930.htm |access-date=February 23, 2016 |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aPWGlyta?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO21-PGTW_201507281930.htm |archive-date=July 30, 2015 }}</ref>

On July&nbsp;28, the system began moving more to the south and southeast, although its movement was very slow, possibly affected by another monsoon depression over western India. The IMD described the track as "unique", taking a "semi-circular path over the northeast [[Bay of Bengal]]." At 00:00&nbsp;UTC on the next day, the IMD upgraded the depression to a deep depression,<ref name="komen"/> and three hours later the JTWC classified the system as Tropical Cyclone 02B, located {{convert|135|km|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Chittagong]], Bangladesh. A [[tropical upper tropospheric trough]] to the northeast imparted dry air, but otherwise, conditions were generally favorable.<ref name="d1">{{cite web|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |title=Tropical Cyclone 02B (Two) Warning NR 001 |access-date=February 23, 2016 |date=July 29, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507290300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aPWMZXJC?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507290300.htm |archive-date=July 30, 2015 }}</ref> A [[ridge (meteorology)|ridge]] over [[Myanmar]] turned the system to the north on July&nbsp;29.<ref name="komen"/> During that day, the circulation was somewhat elongated and exposed from the convection, while the thunderstorms in the southern periphery organized into spiral [[rainband]]s.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |title=Tropical Cyclone 02B (Two) Warning NR 002 |access-date=February 23, 2016 |date=July 29, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507290300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aPWMZXJC?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507290300.htm |archive-date=July 30, 2015 }}</ref> At 18:00&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;29, the IMD upgraded the system to Cyclonic Storm Komen, one of only four storms of such intensity in July since 1965; typically, low-pressure areas that form in the month are in the extreme northern periphery of the Bay of Bengal, allowing little time to develop over waters, and usually impeded by wind shear.<ref name="komen"/>

Late on July&nbsp;29, the JTWC estimated that Komen attained peak 1&nbsp;minute [[maximum sustained wind|sustained winds]] of {{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}, based on estimates from satellite imagery.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |title=Tropical Cyclone 02B (Two) Warning NR 004 |access-date=February 24, 2016 |date=July 29, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507292100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aPWLYDMY?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507292100.htm |archive-date=July 30, 2015 }}</ref> As the storm approached Bangladesh, the circulation remained very broad with most of the convection in the southern periphery,<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |title=Tropical Cyclone 02B (Two) Warning NR 005 |access-date=February 24, 2016 |date=July 30, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507300300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aPWLCq5g?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507300300.htm |archive-date=July 30, 2015 }}</ref> although radar imagery from the coast indicated there was a formative [[eye (cyclone)|eye feature]] in the storm's center. At 06:00&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;30, the IMD estimated peak 3&nbsp;minute winds of {{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}. Between 14:00&ndash;15:00&nbsp;UTC that day, Komen made [[landfall]] on Bangladesh just west of Chittagong,<ref name="komen"/> and the JTWC discontinued advisories once the storm was ashore.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |title=Tropical Cyclone 02B (Two) Warning NR 006 |access-date=February 24, 2016 |date=July 30, 2015 |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507300900.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6aPWKsImP?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201507300900.htm |archive-date=July 30, 2015 }}</ref> Komen quickly weakened as it turned to the northwest through Bangladesh, steered by a ridge over [[Tibet]] to the north. On July&nbsp;31, the system crossed into the Indian state of [[West Bengal]] as a weakened depression. The track shifted to the west-southwest until Komen weakened into a remnant low on August&nbsp;2 over [[Jharkhand]].<ref name="komen"/>

==Preparations==
[[File:Komen Aug 2 2015.jpg|right|thumb|Komen over land on August 2]]
During the duration of Komen's existence, the IMD issued warnings on the storm that were relayed to the governments of the countries affected. In southeastern India, government officials issued various warnings for fishermen and for the potential of disruptive rainfall.<ref name="komen"/> The widespread flooding forced 1.2&nbsp;million people to evacuate their homes,<ref>{{cite news|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=August 4, 2015|title=Myanmar admits 'weak' flood response as disaster spreads|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 14, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-admits-weak-flood-response-disaster-spreads|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405192646/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-admits-weak-flood-response-disaster-spreads|url-status=live}}</ref> with 1,537&nbsp;shelters opened to house 214,306 of the evacuees.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Press Trust of India|title=Heavy rains trigger floods in Gujarat, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Odisha; 81 dead|date=August 2, 2015|access-date=March 25, 2016|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/heavy-rains-trigger-floods-in-gujarat-rajasthan-west-bengal-odisha-81-dead-1029240.html|archive-date=March 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314022052/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/heavy-rains-trigger-floods-in-gujarat-rajasthan-west-bengal-odisha-81-dead-1029240.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[List of Chief Ministers of West Bengal|West Bengal Chief Minister]] [[Mamata Banerjee]] canceled an overseas trip to London to coordinate relief activities related to the storm.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=NDTV|title=Cyclone Komen Makes Landfall in Bangladesh. Bengal, Odisha Brace For Impact|author=Anindita Sanyal|date=July 31, 2015|access-date=March 23, 2016|url=http://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/as-landfall-nears-bengal-odisha-brace-for-cyclone-komen-1202214|archive-date=April 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416035153/http://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/as-landfall-nears-bengal-odisha-brace-for-cyclone-komen-1202214|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Bangladeshi government evacuated 331,120&nbsp;people to 766&nbsp;storm shelters, mostly in low-lying areas of [[Cox's Bazar District]].<ref>{{cite report|work=Government of Bangladesh|date=July 31, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|title=DMIC Situation Report on Cyclonic Storm (Komen) situation, Friday, July 31, 2015|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/dmic-situation-report-cyclonic-storm-komen-situation-friday-july-31-2015|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405210308/http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/dmic-situation-report-cyclonic-storm-komen-situation-friday-july-31-2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Impact==
For several days, Komen dropped heavy rainfall across the northern Bay of Bengal and onto the adjacent coastlines of northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and eastern India. The southeast quadrant produced the heavy rainfall, resulting in a peak rainfall of {{convert|840|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[Paletwa]], Myanmar;<ref name="komen"/> the country experienced record rainfall totals during July and August 2015 in some locations.<ref name="fao">{{cite report|work=Food and Agriculture Organization|title=FAO/WFP Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission to Myanmar|date=March 16, 2016|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 22, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/FAO-WFP%20Crop%20and%20Food%20Security%20Assessment%20Mission%20to%20Myanmar.pdf|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405172826/http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/FAO-WFP%20Crop%20and%20Food%20Security%20Assessment%20Mission%20to%20Myanmar.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Bangladesh===
Moving ashore Bangladesh, Komen was accompanied by a storm surge of {{convert|1|to|2|m|ft|abbr=on}} that affected Chittagong,<ref name="komen"/> while flooding rains caused landslides.gladesh, a station at [[Teknaf Upazila]] briefly recorded winds of {{convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} on July&nbsp;30.<ref name="komen"/> Chittagong in southeastern Bangladesh recorded over {{convert|800|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall over three days, and over {{convert|1000|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[Cox's Bazar]] over ten days.<ref name="twc"/><ref name="miz"/> Rough seas killed two people off [[Cox's Bazar]] when a boat capsized. Rain-induced landslides killed five people in Cox's Bazar, and two others died in the town due to flooding.<ref name="twc"/> The storm damaged 88,900&nbsp;houses across Bangladesh,<ref name="komen"/> including hundreds of fishermen huts. Trees knocked onto houses killed at least three people in separate instances.<ref name="afp730">{{cite news|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=July 30, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|publisher=ReliefWeb|title=Thousands evacuated as cyclone set to hit Bangladesh|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/thousands-evacuated-cyclone-set-hit-bangladesh|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405212648/http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/thousands-evacuated-cyclone-set-hit-bangladesh|url-status=live}}</ref> Flooding submerged at least {{convert|145000|ha|acre|abbr=on}} of crops for at least a week after Komen struck the country.<ref>{{cite report|agency=European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office|date=August 7, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=Bangladesh and Myanmar/Burma - Floods (ECHO, Government of Bangladesh, Government of Myanmar) (ECHO Daily Flash of 7 August 2015)|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/bangladesh-and-myanmarburma-floods-echo-government-bangladesh-government-myanmar|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405203431/http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/bangladesh-and-myanmarburma-floods-echo-government-bangladesh-government-myanmar|url-status=live}}</ref> Komen killed 45&nbsp;people in Bangladesh{{EM-DAT}} &ndash; 21 in Cox's Bazar and 7 in [[Bandarban District]]<ref name="twc"/> &ndash; some of whom due to illnesses spread by the storm.<ref name="miz"/> About 220,000&nbsp;residencies required some form of assistance after the storm, primarily to cover lack of food.<ref>{{cite report|work=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|date=August 29, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2016|title=Asia and the Pacific: Weekly Regional Humanitarian Snapshot (18-24 August 2015)|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/asia-and-pacific-weekly-regional-humanitarian-snapshot-18-24-august-2015|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405181415/http://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/asia-and-pacific-weekly-regional-humanitarian-snapshot-18-24-august-2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Damage in [[Chittagong]] exceeds [[Bangladeshi taka|৳]]1.41&nbsp;billion (US$18.1&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite news|author=Nur Uddin Alamgir|date=August 22, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|work=Daily Sun|title=Rainfall causes severe damage to embankments in Ctg|url=https://www.daily-sun.com/arcprint/details/69137/Rainfall-causes-severe-damage-to-embankments-in-Ctg/2015-08-22|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709234852/https://www.daily-sun.com/arcprint/details/69137/Rainfall-causes-severe-damage-to-embankments-in-Ctg/2015-08-22|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===India===
India, rainfall peaked at {{convert|520|mm|in|abbr=on}} in Harinkhola, West Bengal, after the storm moved inland and tracked westward.<ref name="komen"/>
Komen's rainfall in India compounded upon previous floods; heavy rainfall from the storm occurred while rivers and dams were overflowing.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Agence France-Presse|title=At least 180 dead, a million displaced in India floods|access-date=February 29, 2016|date=August 4, 2015|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/india/least-180-dead-million-displaced-india-floods|archive-date=April 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405234555/http://reliefweb.int/report/india/least-180-dead-million-displaced-india-floods|url-status=live}}</ref> Rainfall produced a landslide in [[Manipur]] state in extreme eastern India, killing 20&nbsp;people.<ref name="twc">{{cite web|url=https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-cyclone-komen-bangladesh-myanmar-floods-landslides|title=Floods, Landslides in Myanmar, India and Other Asian Countries Leave At Least 493 Dead|date=August 5, 2015|publisher=Weather.com|access-date=April 5, 2016|author=Nick Wiltgen|archive-date=April 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419035901/https://weather.com/storms/hurricane/news/tropical-cyclone-komen-bangladesh-myanmar-floods-landslides|url-status=live}}</ref> As the storm moved into West Bengal, it killed 10,088&nbsp;livestock while affecting millions of residents. Komen damaged 368,238&nbsp;houses and destroyed another 107,808. Across the state, the storm killed 83&nbsp;people,<ref name="komen"/> some related to lightning and snakebites.<ref name="twc"/> Flooding covered a portion of [[National Highway 60 (India)(old numbering)|National Highway 60]] in neighboring [[Odisha]] state.<ref name="komen"/> The Indian government utilized 121&nbsp;rescue boats to assist stranded residents.<ref>{{cite web|work=International Business Times|author=Tim Marcin|title=Floods In India Leave At Least 81 Dead Following Cyclone Komen: Report|access-date=March 23, 2016|date=August 2, 2015|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/floods-india-leave-least-81-dead-following-cyclone-komen-report-2035182|archive-date=April 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404151234/http://www.ibtimes.com/floods-india-leave-least-81-dead-following-cyclone-komen-report-2035182|url-status=live}}</ref> Overall damage in West Bengal were up to [[Indian rupee|₹]]30&nbsp;billion (US$467&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Sphere India|title=Joint Needs Assessment Report: West Bengal Floods 2015|access-date=March 23, 2016|date=August 30, 2015|url=https://sphereindiablog.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/west-bengal-jna-report-august-2015_30-08-2015.pdf|archive-date=May 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508103554/https://sphereindiablog.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/west-bengal-jna-report-august-2015_30-08-2015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Myanmar===
{{multiple image
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 | width = 250
 | footer = Before and after image of a landslide in Chin State
 | image1 = Myanmar Landslide 2015 (before).jpg
 | image2 = Myanmar Landslide 2015 (after).jpg
}}
{{main|2015 Myanmar floods}}
Across northwestern Myanmar, Komen brought additional rainfall after weeks of monsoonal flooding.<ref>{{cite report|title=Cyclone Komen weakens, heavy rainfall continues across Myanmar|work=New Light of Myanmar|date=July 31, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/cyclone-komen-weakens-heavy-rainfall-continues-across-myanmar|archive-date=December 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218120236/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/cyclone-komen-weakens-heavy-rainfall-continues-across-myanmar|url-status=live}}</ref> In extreme northwestern Myanmar, [[Maungdaw]] recorded winds of {{convert|124|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, possibly during a passing squall. Nearby [[Sittwe]] recorded winds of {{convert|107|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. Torrential rainfall, reaching {{convert|150|mm|in|abbr=on}} per hour, caused flooding and landslides. In [[Chin State]] northeast of [[Tonzang]], Komen resulted in three landslides, including one along a mountain slope that moved 395&nbsp;million tons of ground at a speed of up to {{convert|180|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}; the landslide was {{convert|5.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} in length, one of the largest worldwide in a decade that was unrelated to an earthquake, and a much faster moving landslide than normal.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=NASA Earth Observatory|author=Adam Voiland|title=Satellite Spots Massive Tonzang Landslide|date=November 8, 2015|access-date=March 22, 2016|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=86924#|archive-date=May 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531024737/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=86924|url-status=live}}</ref> The flooding after Komen's passage were considered the worst disaster in Myanmar since [[Cyclone Nargis]] in 2008,<ref>{{cite report|title=Myanmar floods: Families lose everything|date=August 17, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|work=CARE|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-floods-families-lose-everything|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603004153/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-floods-families-lose-everything|url-status=live}}</ref> and according to the government, possibly the worst flooding in a century.<ref>{{cite report|title=Caritas provides aid to victims of worst floods in Myanmar|date=September 28, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|work=Caritas|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/caritas-provides-aid-victims-worst-floods-myanmar|archive-date=January 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107132654/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/caritas-provides-aid-victims-worst-floods-myanmar|url-status=live}}</ref> About 1.7&nbsp;million people had to temporarily evacuate.<ref name="ocha114"/>

Water levels reached the top of buildings,<ref name="afp83"/> which displaced residents and restricted travel to just by boat and helicopter.<ref name="afp83"/><ref name="unhcr"/> Floods from Komen caused further damage to houses and roads.<ref name="echo2">{{cite report|title=Humanitarian Implementation Plan (HIP) South East Asia and the Pacific (ECHO/-XA/BUD/2015/91000) Last update: 06/08/2015 Version: 2|work=European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office|date=August 7, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/humanitarian-implementation-plan-hip-south-east-asia-and-pacific-echo-xabud20159100-0|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603002951/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/humanitarian-implementation-plan-hip-south-east-asia-and-pacific-echo-xabud20159100-0|url-status=live}}</ref> The floods covered crop fields with mud and silt, particularly in valleys.<ref>{{cite report|agency=International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|title=Emergency appeal operations update Myanmar: Floods|date=August 29, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2016|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/MDRMM006%20OU1.pdf|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603002331/http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/MDRMM006%20OU1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> By the end of July 2015, over {{convert|1400000|acre|ha|abbr=on}} of farmlands were inundated,<ref>{{cite report|work=Food and Agriculture Organization|date=September 3, 2015|title=Myanmar floods deal major blow to country's agriculture|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 21, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-floods-deal-major-blow-country-s-agriculture|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603002823/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-floods-deal-major-blow-country-s-agriculture|url-status=live}}</ref> of which {{convert|667,221|acre|ha|abbr=off}} of planted crops were damaged, mainly to the rice paddy.<ref>{{cite report|work=Food and Agriculture Organization|date=August 31, 2015|title=Asia Pacific Food Price and Policy Monitor, August 2015 - Issue 24|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 21, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/world/asia-pacific-food-price-and-policy-monitor-august-2015-issue-24|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003111/http://reliefweb.int/report/world/asia-pacific-food-price-and-policy-monitor-august-2015-issue-24|url-status=live}}</ref> About 236,000&nbsp;chickens were killed, and there were lower losses to other livestock.<ref name="fao"/> In Sittwe, flooding and winds damaged six shelters and camps, where about 100,000&nbsp;people were residing during the storm.<ref name="ocha81"/><ref>{{cite report|work=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|date=August 4, 2015|title=UNHCR assists flood victims in Myanmar's Rakhine and Kachin states|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=February 29, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/unhcr-assists-flood-victims-myanmars-rakhine-and-kachin-states|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425225028/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/unhcr-assists-flood-victims-myanmars-rakhine-and-kachin-states|url-status=live}}</ref> The shelters sustained damage to latrines and learning centers, necessitating the use of tarps to ride out the floods.<ref name="ifrc85"/> The town of [[Kalay]] was isolated by floods and only reachable by air travel.<ref name="ocha81"/>

Flooding from Komen was worst in [[Rakhine State]],<ref name="dvb"/> where water distribution was contaminated,<ref>{{cite news|agency=Agence France-Presse|author=Kelly MacNamara|title=Myanmar villagers fight floods with just sand bags and hope|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=August 6, 2015|access-date=March 14, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flood-hit-burma-appeals-international-aid|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003303/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flood-hit-burma-appeals-international-aid|url-status=live}}</ref> and entire towns were largely destroyed.<ref>{{cite report|agency=[[Internationale Humanitäre Hilfsorganisation e.V.]]|title=IHH sends emergency aid to flood stricken Arakan|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=August 10, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/ihh-sends-emergency-aid-flood-stricken-arakan|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003922/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/ihh-sends-emergency-aid-flood-stricken-arakan|url-status=live}}</ref> Waters started to recede by August&nbsp;4,<ref name="dvb">{{cite report|work=Democratic Voice of Burma|title=Flood-hit Burma appeals for international aid|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=August 4, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flood-hit-burma-appeals-international-aid|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003303/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flood-hit-burma-appeals-international-aid|url-status=live}}</ref> allowing residents to return home;<ref name="arc">{{cite report|agency=Australian Red Cross|date=August 4, 2015|access-date=March 14, 2016|title=Red Cross responds to Myanmar flood emergency|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/red-cross-responds-myanmar-flood-emergency|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603004037/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/red-cross-responds-myanmar-flood-emergency|url-status=live}}</ref> by September 2015, most of the displaced residents nationwide had returned home.<ref name="ocha114">{{cite report|agency=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|date=November 4, 2015|access-date=March 22, 2016|title=Revised Flood Response Plan For Myanmar (August to December 2015)|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/revised-flood-response-plan-myanmar-august-december-2015|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003326/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/revised-flood-response-plan-myanmar-august-december-2015|url-status=live}}</ref> High winds in Lailenpi within Chin State damaged a school and a training center for [[community health worker]]s.<ref>{{cite report|work=HART|date=August 6, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=Flooding Crisis in Burma (Myanmar): An urgent appeal from Dr Sasa|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flooding-crisis-burma-myanmar-urgent-appeal-dr-sasa|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003315/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flooding-crisis-burma-myanmar-urgent-appeal-dr-sasa|url-status=live}}</ref> Four schools were damaged nationwide by Komen alone.<ref name="komen"/> The storm and the preceding floods damaged 490,000&nbsp;houses and destroyed another 21,000,<ref>{{cite report|agency=European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office|date=September 11, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2016|title=Myanmar/Burma - Floods - ECHO Daily Map 11/9/2015|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/map/myanmar/myanmarburma-floods-echo-daily-map-1192015|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003803/http://reliefweb.int/map/myanmar/myanmarburma-floods-echo-daily-map-1192015|url-status=live}}</ref> causing 132&nbsp;deaths,<ref>{{cite report|agency=International Committee of the Red Cross|date=November 15, 2015|access-date=March 22, 2016|title=Update on Myanmar Flood Response - 15 November 2015|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/update-myanmar-flood-response-15-november-2015|archive-date=March 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324083702/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/update-myanmar-flood-response-15-november-2015|url-status=live}}</ref> at least 55 of whom in Rakhine State.<ref>{{cite report|agency=Radio Free Asia|date=August 6, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=At Least 55 Dead From Floods in Western Myanmar|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/least-55-dead-floods-western-myanmar|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003934/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/least-55-dead-floods-western-myanmar|url-status=live}}</ref> Komen was directly responsible for at least 39&nbsp;deaths in the country.<ref>{{cite report|agency=United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific|date=March 10, 2016|access-date=March 22, 2016|title=Disasters in Asia and the Pacific: 2015 Year in Review|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2015_Year%20in%20Review_final_PDF_0.pdf|archive-date=April 8, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408195221/http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/2015_Year%20in%20Review_final_PDF_0.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Total estimated loss of the flooding were at [[Burmese kyat|K]]1.942&nbsp;trillion (US$1.51&nbsp;billion).<ref>{{cite report|agency=Government of the Union of Myanmar|date=November 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=Myanmar: Post-disaster needs assessment of floods and landslides July - September 2015|publisher=World Bank|url=http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/646661467990966084/pdf/103631-WP-P157276-PUBLIC-PFLNA-Report-2016.pdf}}</ref>

==Aftermath==
On July&nbsp;31, [[President of Myanmar]] [[Thein Sein]] declared disaster areas for Chin and Rakhine states and for [[Sagaing Region|Sagaing]] and [[Magway Region|Magway]] regions.<ref name="ocha81">{{cite report|work=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|date=August 1, 2015|access-date=February 29, 2016|title=OCHA Flash Update No 1: Myanmar Floods Emergency, 01 August 2015|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/ocha-flash-update-no-1-myanmar-floods-emergency-01-august-2015|archive-date=March 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315033346/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/ocha-flash-update-no-1-myanmar-floods-emergency-01-august-2015|url-status=live}}</ref> On August&nbsp;4, the government issued an appeal to the international community for assistance.<ref>{{cite report|work=Democratic Voice of Burma|title=Flood-hit Burma appeals for international aid|date=August 4, 2015|access-date=March 14, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flood-hit-burma-appeals-international-aid|publisher=ReliefWeb|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003303/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/flood-hit-burma-appeals-international-aid|url-status=live}}</ref> In response, the government of Australia provided [[Australian dollar|A$]]3&nbsp;million,<ref>{{cite report|work=Government of Australia|date=August 7, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=Additional humanitarian assistance to Myanmar|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/additional-humanitarian-assistance-myanmar|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003524/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/additional-humanitarian-assistance-myanmar|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[United States Agency for International Development]] sent US$600,000.<ref>{{cite report|work=United States Agency for International Development|date=August 6, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=USAID announces humanitarian assistance for flood-affected people in Burma|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/usaid-announces-humanitarian-assistance-flood-affected-people-burma|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603002622/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/usaid-announces-humanitarian-assistance-flood-affected-people-burma|url-status=live}}</ref> Neighboring Bangladesh donated $800,000 worth of medicine, water kits, and other supplies. Assistance from other countries included $775,000 from the United Kingdom, $142,202 from nearby Thailand, $100,000 from the Singapore Red Cross, and $300,000 from China.<ref name="miz">{{cite report|work=Mizzima News|date=August 7, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=Love thy neighbor: Bangladesh donates US$800,000 for flood effort|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/love-thy-neighbor-bangladesh-donates-us800000-flood-effort|archive-date=June 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603003100/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/love-thy-neighbor-bangladesh-donates-us800000-flood-effort|url-status=live}}</ref>

After Myanmar's government failed to respond to the devastating effects of [[Cyclone Nargis]] in 2008, officials responded more quickly to the floods and the effects from Komen.<ref name="afp83">{{cite news|date=August 3, 2015|agency=Agence France-Presse|access-date=February 29, 2016|title=Hundreds dead, millions displaced as monsoon rains heap misery on Asia|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-rescuers-race-flood-zones-toll-mounts|archive-date=April 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423231424/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-rescuers-race-flood-zones-toll-mounts|url-status=live}}</ref> Relief supplies were airdropped to marooned villages, assisting the [[Rohingya people]] in Rakhine.<ref name="dvb"/> The government allocated US$1.2&nbsp;million toward supplying farmers with rice paddy seeds to regrow damaged crops.<ref>{{cite news|agency=IRIN|date=August 19, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2016|title=Farm debt rises as Myanmar floodwaters recede|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/farm-debt-rises-myanmar-floodwaters-recede|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425220920/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/farm-debt-rises-myanmar-floodwaters-recede|url-status=live}}</ref> About half of the damaged crop was replanted by November 2015,<ref name="ocha114"/> and in most areas, the grounds remained fertile for future growing.<ref name="fao"/> Local businesses donated [[Burmese kyat|K]]2.06&nbsp;billion toward buying supplies,<ref>{{cite report|work=New Light of Myanmar|date=August 6, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=President pledges livelihood assistance for Rakhine flood victims|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/president-pledges-livelihood-assistance-rakhine-flood-victims|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425221245/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/president-pledges-livelihood-assistance-rakhine-flood-victims|url-status=live}}</ref> and businessman [[Aung Ko Win]] donated US$3.6&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite report|work=Irrawaddy|date=August 9, 2015|access-date=March 15, 2016|title=Aung Ko Win's KBZ Charity Tops $3.6m in Flood Aid|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/aung-ko-win-s-kbz-charity-tops-36m-flood-aid|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425215349/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/aung-ko-win-s-kbz-charity-tops-36m-flood-aid|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Myanmar Red Cross Society|Myanmar Red Cross]], which was already responding to the ongoing flooding, provided additional supplies and assisted with evacuations.<ref name="arc"/> The [[International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies]] assisted in these efforts by providing rice and blankets.<ref name="ifrc85">{{cite report|date=August 5, 2015|work=International Committee of the Red Cross|title=Myanmar floods: ICRC joins relief efforts in Rakhine|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 14, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-floods-icrc-joins-relief-efforts-rakhine|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425215338/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-floods-icrc-joins-relief-efforts-rakhine|url-status=live}}</ref> Volunteers distributed sleeping mats, mosquito nets, medical supplies, and tarps.<ref>{{cite report|date=September 7, 2015|work=International Committee of the Red Cross|title=Myanmar: Recovery work begins to support flood-affected communities|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 14, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-recovery-work-begins-support-flood-affected-communities|archive-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008121333/https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/myanmar-recovery-work-begins-support-flood-affected-communities|url-status=live}}</ref> Various United Nations agencies assisted the residents in displaced camps that were affected further by Komen.<ref name="unhcr">{{cite report|work=United Nations High Commission for Refugees|date=August 4, 2015|title=UNHCR assists flood victims in Myanmar's Rakhine and Kachin states|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 14, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/unhcr-assists-flood-victims-myanmars-rakhine-and-kachin-states|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425225028/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/unhcr-assists-flood-victims-myanmars-rakhine-and-kachin-states|url-status=live}}</ref> Within a month of the storm, the [[World Food Programme]] had provided meals to over 450,000&nbsp;people.<ref>{{cite report|work=World Food Programme|date=September 15, 2015|title=What's Happening in Myanmar One Month Onward|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 21, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/whats-happening-myanmar-one-month-onward|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425224815/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/whats-happening-myanmar-one-month-onward|url-status=live}}</ref> Food and oil prices rose in the weeks after the floods,<ref>{{cite report|work=Kaladan Press Network|date=August 12, 2015|title=Prices of commodities shoot up in Maungdaw|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 15, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/prices-commodities-shoot-maungdaw|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425215042/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/prices-commodities-shoot-maungdaw|url-status=live}}</ref> and the price of rice reached record levels in the country in August and September 2015. The cost gradually declined after the next rice harvest.<ref name="fao"/> To help unemployed farm workers, the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] financed a program to pay storm victims to rebuild damaged embankments and restore clean water access.<ref>{{cite report|work=International Rescue Committee|date=October 13, 2015|title=LIFT, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation alleviate livelihood loss in Rakhine State|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 21, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/lift-and-bill-and-melinda-gates-foundation-alleviate-livelihood-loss-rakhine-state|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425223722/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/lift-and-bill-and-melinda-gates-foundation-alleviate-livelihood-loss-rakhine-state|url-status=live}}</ref> An assessment by the United Nations, the [[World Bank]], and the Myanmar government found that women and children were the worst affected group during and after the disaster, due to the stresses of the damaged houses, and insufficient food and assistance in the subsequent months.<ref>{{cite report|work=UN Women|date=December 17, 2015|title=Post-disaster assessment in Myanmar highlights disproportionate impact on women|publisher=ReliefWeb|access-date=March 22, 2016|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/post-disaster-assessment-myanmar-highlights-disproportionate-impact-women|archive-date=April 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425223021/http://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/post-disaster-assessment-myanmar-highlights-disproportionate-impact-women|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
{{Commons category|Cyclone Komen (2015)}}
*[[2004 Myanmar cyclone]] – powerful and damaging storm that struck northwestern Myanmar
*[[Cyclone Akash]] – affected Myanmar and Bangladesh in May 2007.
*[[Cyclone Sidr]] – a tropical cyclone in November 2007 that resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in Bangladesh.
*[[Cyclone Yemyin]] – slow-moving storm in June 2007 that caused damaging floods across India and Pakistan
*[[Cyclone Nargis]] – powerful and the costliest storm in the Indian Ocean in April/May 2008
*[[Cyclone Mora]] – a strong tropical cyclone in May 2017 that resulted in one of the worst floods in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and India
*[[Cyclone Aila]] – a tropical cyclone in May 2009 which devastated Bangladesh and west Bengal

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Komen}}
[[Category:Cyclonic storms]]
[[Category:2015 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in India]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2015]]
[[Category:July 2015 events]]
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