Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:De Havilland Dragon Rapide

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|1934 small airliner family}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2013}}
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{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
 |name=DH.89 Dragon Rapide/Dominie
 |image=dragon rapide g-aeml flying arp.jpg
 |caption=DH.89 Dragon Rapide, ''G-AEML'' taking part in an airshow at [[Cotswold Airport]], 2007
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
 |type=Short-haul [[airliner]]
 |manufacturer=[[de Havilland]]
 |designer=
 |first flight=17 April 1934
 |introduced=
 |retired=
 |status=
 |primary user=[[Royal Air Force]]
 |more users=<!--up to three more. please separate with <br />.-->
 |produced= 1934-1946
 |number built=727<ref name = "moss 10 12">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=10, 12}}</ref>
 |unit cost=
 |developed from=
 |variants with their own articles=
}}
|}
{{lowercase title|de Havilland Dragon Rapide}}
The '''de Havilland DH.89 Dragon Rapide''' is a 1930s short-haul [[biplane]] [[airliner]] developed and produced by British aircraft company [[de Havilland]]. Capable of accommodating 6–8 passengers, it proved an economical and durable craft, despite its outdated plywood construction.

Developed during the early 1930s, the Dragon Rapide was essentially a smaller, twin-engined version of the four-engined [[de Havilland Express|DH.86 Express]], and shared a number of common features, such as its tapered wings, streamlined fairings and [[De Havilland Gipsy Six|Gipsy Six]] engines. First named the "Dragon Six", the type was marketed as "Dragon Rapide" and later simply known as the "Rapide". Upon its introduction in summer 1934, it proved to be a popular aircraft with airlines and private civil operators alike, attaining considerable foreign sales in addition to its domestic use.

Upon the outbreak of the [[Second World War|World War II]], many of the civil Rapides were [[Impressment|impressed]] into service with the [[Royal Air Force]] (RAF) and [[Royal Navy]]. Referred to in military service by the name '''de Havilland Dominie''', the type was employed for radio and navigation training, passenger transport and communications missions. British training aircraft had names with educational associations, and [[dominie]] is a [[Scots language|Scots]] term for a school teacher.

Hundreds of additional Dominies were also constructed during the war. Other Rapides continued to be operated by British airlines throughout the war under the auspices of the [[National Air Communications#Associated Airways Joint Committee|Associated Airways Joint Committee]] (AAJC). Postwar, many military aircraft were returned to civilian service. Shortly after the end of the Second World War, de Havilland introduced a Dragon Rapide replacement, the [[de Havilland Dove]].

==Design and development==
===Origins===
[[File:De Havilland Dragon Rapide cockpit (2663922968).jpg|thumb|Flight deck]]
[[File:De Havilland Dragon Rapide cabin (2667473378).jpg|thumb|Cabin]]

During summer 1933, the [[de Havilland]] aircraft company commenced work upon an aircraft to meet an [[Australia]]n requirement, producing a four-engined faster passenger aircraft capable of seating ten passengers, the [[de Havilland Express|DH.86 Dragon Express]].<ref name = "moss 3"/> An important feature of the DH.86 was the newly developed and powerful [[De Havilland Gipsy Six|Gipsy Six]] engine, a six-cylinder variant of the four cylinder [[de Havilland Gipsy Major|Gipsy Major]] engine. The DH.86 would serve as the a key starting point for the later DH.89.<ref name = "moss 3">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p= 3}}</ref>

During late 1933, a team at de Havilland, led by aircraft designer [[Arthur Ernest Hagg]], began working on a new design, intended to be a faster and more comfortable successor to the earlier [[de Havilland Dragon|DH.84 Dragon]]. The new aircraft was, in effect, a twin-engined, scaled-down version of the four-engined [[de Havilland Express|DH.86 Express]].<ref name = "moss 3"/> It shared many common features with the earlier DH.86 Express, including its tapered wings, streamlined fairings and fuselage, as well as the same Gipsy Six engines.<ref name = "moss 3"/> However, the DH.89 demonstrated none of the operational vices of the Express.

On 17 April 1934, the prototype conducted its [[maiden flight]] at [[Hatfield Aerodrome]], [[Hertfordshire]].<ref name = "moss 3"/> Flown by senior de Havilland test pilot H.S. Broad, it was powered by a pair of {{convert|200|hp|kW}} Gypsy Six engines. Even prior to the prototype's first flight, plans to proceed with serial production of DH.89 had already received the go-ahead from management.<ref name = "moss 3"/> During May 1934, airworthiness trials commenced at [[RAF Martlesham Heath]] using the prototype; during one such flight, upon attaining a speed of roughly {{convert|175|mph|km/h}}, the tip of the aircraft's nose buckled. In response to this event, a maximum permissible speed of {{convert|160|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} was implemented for all DH89s.<ref name = "moss 3"/> Upon the conclusion of trials, the prototype was sold.<ref name = "moss 3"/>

By November 1934, series production of the Rapide had reached full swing.<ref name = "moss 4">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p=4}}</ref> Originally referred to as the "Dragon Six", the aircraft was first marketed as the "Dragon Rapide", although the type later came to be popularly referred to as simply the "Rapide".<ref name = "moss 3"/> Prior to the outbreak of the [[World War II|Second World War]], 205 aircraft were manufactured for airlines and other private owners all around the world. The Rapide is perhaps the most successful British-built short-haul commercial passenger aircraft to be produced during the 1930s.

===Further development===
In response to the issuing of [[List of Air Ministry specifications#1930.E2.80.931939|Specification G.18/35]] by the British [[Air Ministry]], de Havilland decided to design and produce a single prototype of a modified Rapide for undertaking coastal reconnaissance.<ref name = "moss 4"/> Trials using the prototype, ''K4772'', were performed between April and June 1935 at RAF Martlesham Heath and [[HMS Sultan (shore establishment)|RAF Gosport]]. However, it ultimately lost out to its rival, the [[Avro Anson]].<ref name = "moss 4"/> K4772 was later used by the [[Royal Aircraft Establishment]] (RAE) in automatic landing trials before being broken down for spares. Work on a militarised version of the Rapide was not wasted as multiple sales were soon completed with other military customers, the first of which being to the Spanish government in December 1935.<ref name = "moss 4"/>

Sensing demand for the type, de Havilland continued to modify the Rapide's design following its entry to service, creating both refinements and entirely new derivatives as a result. Aiming to produce a faster version of the Rapide, a smaller, lighter and externally cleaner version, designated as the [[de Havilland Dragonfly|DH.90 Dragonfly]], emerged; first flying in August 1935, the DH.90 failed to achieve a similar rate of sales to the Rapide and production was terminated in 1938 after 67 aircraft had been completed.<ref name = "moss 5"/> In November 1935, the 60th airframe to be produced, ''G-ADWZ'', was modified and used by de Havilland as a trials aircraft. Fitted with elongated rear windows, cabin heating, thickened wing tips, and a strengthened airframe to allow for an elevated gross weight of {{convert|5500|lb|kg}}, G-ADWZ later participated in trials at Martlesham Heath, after which the higher gross weight was cleared for service.<ref name = "moss 5"/>

In response to the announcement of an air race between Britain and [[Johannesburg]], [[South Africa]], de Havilland's design team produced a specialised variant of the Rapid, designated as the [[De Havilland Dolphin|DH.92 Dolphin]].<ref name = "moss 5"/> This one-off derivative featured a retractable [[landing gear|undercarriage]], an expanded wingspan of {{convert|53|ft|7|in|m}}, a modified nose section, and an increased all-up weight of {{convert|6600|lb|kg}}; however, flight tests in August 1936 revealed there to be no performance improvement over the standard Rapide, leading to the sole Dolphin being scrapped months later.<ref name = "moss 5 6">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=5–6}}</ref>

In November 1936, in response to suggestions that the addition of [[Flap (aeronautics)|flap]]s would aid in landing, a single Rapide was modified in order to explore their functionality.<ref name = "moss 6"/> Based on this performance, in February 1937, de Havilland announced that flaps would be fitted to all production aircraft from that year onwards, while other improvements such as a downwards-facing recognition light and metal propellers could be fitted as options. From 1937, to signify the fitting of improved [[trailing edge]] flaps, aircraft thus equipped were accordingly re-designated as ''DH.89A''; earlier-built Rapides were commonly retrofitted to this standard during their service life as well.<ref name = "moss 6">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p=6}}</ref>

==Operational history==

===Prewar operations===
[[File:DH.89 Dragon Rapide G-AEBW IoMAS RWY 26.09.38 edited-2.jpg|thumb|Dragon Rapide of Isle of Man Air Services on a scheduled service at [[Manchester Airport|Manchester (Ringway) Airport]] in 1938]]
[[File:DHRapideMoSI.JPG|thumb|G-ADAH, built in 1935, and used by [[Hillmans Airways]] and [[Allied Airways]] until 1947. On display at the Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester, UK.]]

During July 1934, the first production Rapide, ''G-ACPM'', performed the type's public debut at Hatfield with its entry into the 1934 [[King's Cup Race]].<ref name = "moss 3"/> While having achieved an average speed of 158 MPH, G-ACPM had to be withdrawn from the race during Heat 9 of Round 2 when the wing sustained damage caused by [[hail]] while flying over [[Waddington, Lincolnshire]]. Another purpose-built Rapide, ''ZK'-ACO'', was entered into the 1934 [[MacRobertson Air Race]]; fitted with three additional fuel tanks within the fuselage to extend the aircraft's range to 1,000 miles, the aircraft, flown by Squadron Leader J.D. Hewett and Mr C.E. Kay, took sixth place in the handicap race and fifth place in the speed race.<ref name = "moss 3 4">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=3–4}}</ref>

In the summer of 1934, the type entered service with UK-based airlines, with Hillman Airways Ltd being first to take delivery in July. 
The [[Anglo-Persian Oil Company]] was another early company to purchase the Rapide; used for quick communications purposes between individual oil fields spread out over vast distances, the aircraft quickly became popular in the oil industry, with the [[Iraq Petroleum Company]] and the [[Asiatic Petroleum Company]] also procuring their own Rapides.<ref name = "moss 4"/>

From August 1934, [[Railway Air Services]] (RAS) operated a fleet of Dragon Rapides on routes linking London, the north of England and on to Northern Ireland and Scotland. The RAS DH.89s were named after places on the network, for example "Star of Lancashire".<ref>{{harvnb|Jackson|1978|pp=362–363}}.</ref> [[Isle of Man Air Services]] operated a fleet of Rapides on scheduled services from [[Ronaldsway Airport]] near Castletown to airports in north-west England including Blackpool, Liverpool and Manchester. Some of its aircraft had been transferred to it after operation by Railway Air Services.

During late 1935, the first of an initial batch of 16 Rapides were shipped to the manufacturer's Canadian branch, [[de Havilland Canada]], for modification and re-sale purposes.<ref name = "moss 4"/> Canadian aircraft received various changes, including an extended dorsal [[fin]] and a modified undercarriage arrangement, allowing for either wheels, skis, or [[seaplane|floats]] to be interchangeably installed, dependent upon usage and weather conditions.<ref name = "moss 4"/> The sole Canadian prototype, ''CF-AEO'', was sold onto [[Quebec Airways]] in June 1935. Further Rapides were delivered to other customers in Canada, such as [[Canadian Airways]], who used it on their [[British Columbia Coast|West Coast]] and maritime routes.<ref name = "moss 4 5">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=4–5}}</ref>

On 30 January 1942, the majority of major Canadian operators were amalgamated into [[Canadian Pacific Air Lines]], who continued to use the type.<ref name = "moss 5">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p=5}}</ref> Further Canadian sales of the Rapide would occur both during and after the end of the [[World War II|Second World War]].

During 1938, British operator [[Airwork Services|Airwork Limited]] placed an initial order for nine Rapides to serve as navigation trainers.<ref name = "moss 6"/> The order had been motivated by policy changes within the British Air Ministry, which sought to expand this capability. Repeat orders were placed by Airwork in the lead up to the Second World War, upon which point the firm's fleet of Rapides were all taken on by the [[Royal Air Force]] (RAF).<ref name = "moss 6"/>

Edward, [[Prince of Wales]] (later [[Edward VIII]]), owned a single Dragon Rapide (''G-ADDD''), which he frequently used for carrying out his royal duties. He flew this aircraft to London on his accession as king in 1936, making him the first British monarch to fly.{{sfn|Pigott|2005|p=149}}

In July 1936 a pair of British [[Secret Intelligence Service|SIS]] agents, [[Cecil Bebb]] and Major [[Hugh Pollard (Major)|Hugh Pollard]], flew [[Francisco Franco]] in Rapide ''G-ACYR'' from the [[Canary Islands]] to [[Spanish Morocco]], at the start of the military rebellion which began the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref>Alpert, Michael. ''BBC History Magazine'', April 2002.</ref> The aircraft involved has since been placed on public display in the [[Museo del Aire (Madrid)|Museo del Aire]], [[Madrid]], Spain.

===Second World War===
[[File:Aircraft of the Royal Air Force, 1939-1945- De Havilland Dh.89 Rapide and Dominie. MH4576.jpg|thumb|left|A Dominie of the [[Air Transport Auxiliary]] at [[Hatfield Aerodrome]], August 1942]]
At the start of [[World War II|Second World War]] on 3 September 1939, all British civil transport aircraft were requisitioned by the [[Ministry of Aircraft Production]]. A number of Dragon Rapides were used to provide internal flights under the control of [[National Air Communications]] (NAC).<ref name = "moss 6"/> Perhaps one of the most significant early uses of the Rapide during the war occurred during the crucial weeks of May–June 1940, in which the [[Battle of France]] occurred; Rapides of [[No. 24 Squadron RAF|No. 24 Squadron]] acted as aerial [[courier]]s between Britain and France; out of 24 aircraft, 10 Rapides were lost during this intense period of fighting.<ref name = "moss 6"/>

Following the closure of the NAC network, Dragon Rapides continued to fly for British airlines during the war as part of the [[National Air Communications#Associated Airways Joint Committee|Associated Airways Joint Committee]] (AAJC). Upon the outbreak of war, all civil services had been halted; however, some routes were progressively returned to operation as and when they were deemed of value to the war effort or found to be in the national interest.<ref name = "moss 6 7">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=6–7}}</ref> The AAJC co-ordinated the majority of UK's wartime scheduled services, which were entirely operated on over-water routes.<ref name = "moss 7">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p=7}}</ref>

Other Dragon Rapides were [[Impressment|impressed]] into service with the British armed forces as communications aircraft and training aircraft; Australian Rapides were also impressed by the [[Royal Australian Air Force]] (RAAF).<ref name = "moss 6 7"/>

Furthermore, while the final production Rapide was completed in November 1941, de Havilland instead produced the military-orientated Dominie variant exclusively.<ref name = "moss 7"/> Over 500 additional Dominies were manufactured for military use, powered by improved [[De Havilland Gipsy Queen|Gipsy Queen]] engines; by the end of production in July 1946, a total of 727 aircraft (both Rapides and Dominies combined) had been manufactured.<ref name = "moss 7 10">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=7, 10}}</ref> During the war, Dominie production was performed by de Havilland and [[Brush Traction|Brush Coachworks Ltd]], the latter being responsible for the greater proportion of the work. The Dominies were mainly used by the [[Royal Air Force]] (RAF) and [[Royal Navy]] for radio and navigation training. Other duties they were used for included passenger and communications missions.<ref name = "moss 7"/>

[[File:De Havilland DH.89B Dominie.jpg|thumb|DH.89B Dominie Mark II in [[Royal Netherlands Air Force]] livery, ''[[Militaire Luchtvaart Museum]]'', the Netherlands (2009)]]

Throughout the course of the war, civilian Rapides were progressively replaced by Dominies as the type became available in greater quantities.<ref name = "moss 7"/> Rapides were either dispatched to perform passenger operations or occasionally converted for other purposes, such as [[Air Ambulance]]s; by the end of the conflict, only a total of nine impressed Rapides were restored to their civilian registrations; however, these were joined by many Dominies which had been deemed to be surplus to requirements.<ref name = "moss 7"/>

===Postwar operations===
[[File:De Havilland DH-89A Dominie, Caernarfon Air World (Atlantic Air Transport) AN0230937.jpg|thumb|A former RAF Dominie G-AIDL was flown by [[Allied Airways]] in the late 1940s, [[Fox's Confectionery]] 1950–59, the Army Parachute Association 1967–77 and [[Air Atlantique Classic Flight]] 1995–2009.]]
Postwar, the Dominie continued to be used for some time by Royal Naval air station flights as communications aircraft.<ref name = "moss 9"/> By 1960, the Royal Navy still had a fleet of 14 Dominies, although under normal circumstances only three would be actively used at any one point in time, while the others were stored at [[RAF Lossiemouth]], [[Moray]], [[Scotland]]. The last of the Royal Navy's Dominies had been phased out of service during 1963; thirteen aircraft were subsequently sold on via public [[Request for tender|tender]], a number of which having been converted to civil Rapide configurations.<ref name = "moss 9"/>

Many ex-RAF survivors had quickly entered commercial service after the end of the conflict; according to aviation author Peter W. Moss, a typical Dominie-to-Rapide conversion performed by de Havilland involved the repainting of the exterior (replacing the wartime [[camouflage]] scheme) and the installation of [[sound proofing]], [[upholstery|upholstered]] seats and a new décor within the cabin area.<ref name = "moss 7 8">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=7–8}}</ref> Additionally, various third party companies offered and performed their own conversion schemes, including [[Field Aircraft Services]], Airwork Limited, [[Air Enterprises]], [[Rollason Aircraft and Engines|W.A. Rollason Limited]] and the [[Lancashire Aircraft Corporation]] (LAC).<ref name = "moss 8">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p=8}}</ref> By 1958, 81 examples were recorded as still flying on the British register.

In the Netherlands, airline [[KLM]], keen to restart operations, set about procuring a handful of Rapides even prior to the end of the war, commencing the first of its re-launched services during September 1945.<ref name = "moss 8"/> Various British airlines also became prolific users of the type; [[British European Airways]] (BEA), formed on 1 January 1946, took order 39 Rapides during February 1947. BEA used many across its fledgling network, later focusing upon services within the Scottish, [[Isles of Scilly|Scilly]], and [[Channel Islands]] while gradually selling on displaced and excess aircraft via Airwork.<ref name = "moss 8"/> Small independent British airlines that chose to resist pressure from the British government to [[Mergers and acquisitions|merge]] into BEA also commonly operated the Rapide.<ref name = "moss 8"/>

In order to better distinguish between the different standards of Rapides available in the post-war environment, de Havilland established a basic mark number system.<ref name = "moss 8"/> Mk 1 aircraft were those constructed pre-war, while Mk 2 and Mk 3 Rapides were ex-military conversions to a six-passenger cabin and eight-passenger cabin respectively. Those Rapides that were re-engined with a pair of [[de Havilland Gipsy Queen]] engines, were referred to as Mk 4s. These had an improved climb, cruise speed and single engine performance, but an increased all-up weight of {{convert|6000|lb|kg}}.<ref name = "moss 8"/>

By 1966, use of the Rapide had gone into decline and several formerly large operators had phased out the type completely.<ref name = "moss 8 9">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|pp=8–9}}</ref> Due to the declining stocks of spare components available, individual Rapides were commonly being broken up in order to scavenge parts to maintain other active aircraft. Regardless, demand for such an aircraft was still relatively strong at this time, according to Moss.<ref name = "moss 9">{{harvnb|Moss|1966|p=9}}</ref>

The DH.89 proved an economical and durable aircraft, despite its relatively primitive plywood construction and many were still flying in the early 2000s. Several Dragon Rapides are operational in the UK, while multiple operators, including Classic Wings and Plane Heritage, offer pleasure flights in them to the general public. Shortly after the end of the Second World War, de Havilland introduced a Dragon Rapide replacement, the [[de Havilland Dove]].

==Variants==
[[File:De Havilland Dragon Rapide G-AIYR.jpg|thumb|Dragon Rapide G-AIYR at [[Shuttleworth Collection|Old Warden airfield]] ]]
[[File:Dragonrapide.jpg|thumb|Dragon Rapide in flying condition, at [[Imperial War Museum Duxford|Duxford aerodrome]]]]

;D.H.89: Twin-engined light transport biplane. First production version.
;D.H.89A: Improved version, fitted with a landing light in the nose, modified wing tips and cabin heating.
;D.H.89A Series 4: D.H.89A aircraft converted to two de Havilland Gipsy Queen 2 piston engines, fitted with constant speed propellers.<ref>"Rapide Revival ''Flight'' p. 602, 30 October 1953</ref><ref>{{citation |journal=Flight |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1953/1953%20-%201522.html |title=Rapide with Royal Urge |date=20 November 1953 |pages=676–677}}</ref>
;D.H.89A Mk 5: One D.H.89A aircraft, powered by two de Havilland Gipsy Queen 3 piston engines.
;D.H.89A Mk 6: One D.H.89A aircraft fitted with Fairey X5 fixed-pitch propellers.
;D.H.89M : Military transport version. Exported to [[Lithuania]] and Spain.
;D.H.89B Dominie Mk I: Radio and navigation training version.
;D.H.89B Dominie Mk II: Communications and transport version.

==Operators==
[[File:dehav.dh89a.dragonrapide6.g-agtm.arp.jpg|thumb|1944 de Havilland DH89a Dragon Rapide 6]]

===Civil===
;{{ARG}}
* [[:es:Sociedad Mixta Zonas Oeste y Norte de Aerolíneas Argentinas|Zonas Oeste y Norte de Aerolíneas Argentinas (Z.O.N.D.A.)]]
;{{AUS}}
* Adelaide Airways<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Australian National Airways]]
* [[Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia]]
* [[Qantas Empire Airways]]
[[File:Dragon rapide MUSAL.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Dragon Rapide of VARIG preserved at [[Rio de Janeiro]]]]
;{{BRA}}
* [[Viação Aérea Arco-Íris|Arco-Íris]]
* [[Organização Mineira de Transportes Aéreos|OMTA]]
* [[Varig]]
;[[File:Flag of North Borneo (1902–1946).svg|20px]] [[British North Borneo]]<br />[[File:Flag of Sarawak (1946–1963).svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Sarawak|Crown Colony of Sarawak]]<br />[[File:Flag of Brunei 1906-1959.svg|20px]] [[Brunei|Protectorate of Brunei]]
* [[Borneo Airways]]
;{{flag|Canada|1921}}
* [[Canadian Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p365"/>
* [[Canadian Pacific Airlines|Canadian Pacific]]
* [[Quebec Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p365"/>
;{{ROC}}
* [[China National Aviation Corporation]] (CNAC)<ref>{{harvnb|Andersson|2008|p=205}}</ref><ref name="abas7p70">{{harvnb|Best|2007|p=70}}</ref>
;{{flag|Dutch East Indies}}
* [[KNILM]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviahistoria.com/2017/08/05/pemotretan-udara-di-atas-papua/|title=Pemotretan Udara di Atas Papua|website=aviahistoria.com|date=5 August 2017|access-date=1 April 2021|language=id}}</ref>
;{{flag|Egypt|1922}}
* [[Misr Airlines]]<ref name="jawa48p32b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=32b}}</ref>
;{{FIN}}
* [[Aero Oy]] operated two aircraft.
;{{FRA}}
* [[Air France]]<ref>{{harvnb|Guillem|Bénichou|2015|p=71}}</ref>
;{{flag|French Indochina}}
* [[Aigle Azur|Société Aigle Azur Indochine]]<ref name="aba116p25">{{harvnb|Best|2016|p=25}}</ref>
* [[Cie de Transports Aérien Autrex]]<ref name="aba116p27">{{harvnb|Best|2016|p=27}}</ref>
* [[Compagnie Laotienne de Commerce et de Transport]]<ref name="aba116p24">{{harvnb|Best|2016|p=24}}</ref>
;{{ISL}}
* [[Air Iceland]]
;{{IND}}
* [[Air India]]
* [[Indian National Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p365"/>
* [[Tata Airlines]]<ref name="ajj1987p365"/>
;{{INA}}
* [[Government of Indonesia]]<ref>[http://nei.adf-serials.com/indonesian-aviation-1945-50.pdf "Indonesian aviation 1945-1950."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051214192414/http://nei.adf-serials.com/indonesian-aviation-1945-50.pdf |date=14 December 2005|url-status=dead }} ''adf-serials.com.'' Retrieved: 20 March 2021.</ref>
;{{flag|Iran|1925}}
* [[Iranian State Airlines]]<ref name="jawa48p37b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=37b}}</ref>
;{{flag|Iraq|1924}}
* [[Iraqi Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p366"/>
;{{IRL}}
* [[Aer Lingus]]<ref name="ajj1987p365"/>
* [[Aer Turas]] operated one aircraft.
;{{Flag|Kenya|colonial}}, {{Flag|Uganda|colonial}}, {{Flag|Tanganyika}} and {{Flag|Zanzibar|colonial}}
*[[East African Airways]]<ref name="jawa48p18b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=18b}}</ref>
;{{flag|Latvia}}
* [[Valsts Gaisa satiksme]] - 2<ref name="aba216p81">{{harvnb|Andersson|2016|p=81}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=LATVIAN CIVILIAN AIR TRANSPORT|url=http://latvianaviation.com/index.php?en/content/Air_Transport.ssi|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-27|website=Latvian aviation portal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114021024/http://latvianaviation.com/index.php?en/content/Air_Transport.ssi |archive-date=14 November 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Subota|first=Sandra|title=AVIĀCIJAS ATTĪSTĪBA LATVIJĀ|url=http://ylhi.times.lv/ref.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100311193045/http://ylhi.times.lv/ref.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-27|archive-date=11 March 2010}}</ref> 
;{{LBN}}
* [[Middle East Airlines]]
;{{NLD}}
* [[KLM]]<ref name="ajj1987p366">{{harvnb|Jackson|1987|p=366}}</ref>
;{{NZL}}
* [[Air Travel (NZ) Ltd]]
* [[Mount Cook Airline]]
* [[National Airways Corporation (New Zealand)|National Airways Corporation]]<ref name="ajj1987p369">{{harvnb|Jackson|1987|p=369}}</ref>
* [[Cook Strait Airways Ltd]]
* [[Union Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p365"/>
* [[West Coast Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p368"/>
;{{flagcountry|British Mandate for Palestine}}
* [[Palestine Airways]] (British Mandate of Palestine)
* [[Aviron flying school|Aviron]]
;{{PAR}}
* [[Aerocarga Asociados ACA]]
;{{flag|Portuguese Timor}}
* [[Transportes Aéreos de Timor]]<ref>{{harvnb|''Archive'' 1982, No. 2|p=32}}</ref>
;{{flag|Romania}}
* [[TAROM|LARES]]
;{{flag|South Africa|1928}}
* [[Comair (South Africa)]] operated 2 aircraft.
;{{flag|Spanish Republic}}
* [[Spanish Republican Air Force]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Spanish Civil War Aircraft|url=http://www.zi.ku.dk/personal/drnash/model/spain/did.html|access-date=14 April 2012|archive-date=5 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205085135/http://www.zi.ku.dk/personal/drnash/model/Spain/did.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
;{{flag|Spanish State}}
* [[Iberia (airline)|Iberia]]<ref name="jawa48p45b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=45b}}</ref>
;{{flag|Switzerland}}
* [[Swissair]]
;{{UK}}
* [[Allied Airways|Aberdeen Airways]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Air Charter Limited]]<ref name="jawa48p12b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=12b}}</ref>
* Air Atlantique Classic Flight now the [[Classic Air Force]]
* Airviews Ltd
* Air Enterprises<ref name="jawa48p12b"/>
* [[Air Kruise]]
* [[Allied Airways]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* Blackpool and West Coast Air Services<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[British Airways Ltd]]{{sfn|Jackson|1973|pp=460, 461}}
* British American Air Services<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[British Continental Airways]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[British European Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p368">{{harvnb|Jackson|1987|p=368}}</ref>
* [[British Westpoint]]
* [[Classic Wings]]
* [[Crilly Airways Ltd]]
* East Anglian Flying Services<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Gibraltar Airways]]<ref name="jawa48p16b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=16b}}</ref>
* Great Western and Southern Airlines{{sfn|Jackson|1973|pp=459, 460}}
* [[Hillmans Airways]]{{sfn|Jackson|1973|pp=459, 460, 461}}
* [[Highland Airways Limited]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Hunting-Clan Air Transport|Hunting Air Travel]]<ref name="jawa48p13b">{{harvnb|Bridgman|1948|p=13b}}</ref>
* Island Air Services
* [[Isle of Man Air Services]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Jersey Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p363">{{harvnb|Jackson|1987|p=363}}</ref>
* Lancashire Aircraft Corporation<ref name="jawa48p13b"/>
* Mayflower Air Services
* Melba Airways
* [[Morton Air Services]]<ref name="jawa48p13b"/>
* [[North Eastern Airways]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Northern & Scottish Airways]]{{sfn|Jackson|1973|pp=460, 461}}
* Northwest Airlines (UK)
* [[Olley Air Services]]<ref name="ajj1987p365">{{harvnb|Jackson|1987|p=365}}</ref>
* Personal Airways<ref name="ajj1973">{{harvnb|Jackson|1973|pp=459–472}}</ref>
* [[Railway Air Services]]<ref name="ajj1987p362">{{harvnb|Jackson|1987|p=362}}</ref>
*  Scillonia Airways
* [[Scottish Airways]]<ref name="ajj1987p366"/>
* Sivewright Airways<ref name="ajj1973" />
* Southampton Air Services<ref name="ajj1973" />
* Southern Airlines<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Starways]]
* [[Trans European Aviation]]
* [[United Airways Limited|United Airways]]<ref name="ajj1973" />
* [[Western Airways]]{{sfn|Jackson|1973|p=460}}
* Westward Airways (Lands End)
* Yellow Air Taxis<ref name="ajj1973" />
;{{USSR}}
* [[Aeroflot]]<ref name="aba216p81"/>
;{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}:
* [[Aeroput]]

===Military operators===
;{{AUS}}
* [[Royal Australian Air Force]]
;{{BEL}}
* [[Belgian Air Force]] (Seven operated from 1946)
;{{flag|Canada|1921}}
* [[Royal Canadian Air Force]]
** [[No. 418 Squadron RCAF]]
;{{flag|Egypt|1922}}
* [[Royal Egyptian Air Force]]
;{{FIN}}
* [[Finnish Air Force]]
;{{flag|Nazi Germany}}
* [[Luftwaffe]] operated captured aircraft.
;{{flag|India|British}}
* [[Royal Indian Air Force]]
;{{flag|Iran|1925}}
* [[Imperial Iranian Air Force]]
;{{ISR}}
* [[Israeli Air Force]]
;{{JOR}}
* [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]]
;{{flag|Lithuania|1918}}
* [[Lithuanian Air Force]] operated two D.H.89M aircraft.
;{{NLD}}
* [[Royal Netherlands Air Force]] – four D.H.89B Mark II (transports)
** [[No. 334 Squadron RNLAF]] (1944–1956)
;{{NZL}}
* [[Royal New Zealand Air Force]]
** [[No. 4 Squadron RNZAF]]
** [[No. 42 Squadron RNZAF]]
;{{flag|Peru|1825}}
* [[Peruvian Air Force]]
;{{POR}}
* [[Portuguese Air Force]]
;{{flag|Southern Rhodesia}}
* [[Southern Rhodesian Air Force]] – Four aircraft.
;{{flag|South Africa|1928}}
* [[South African Air Force]]
;{{Flag|Soviet Union}}
* [[Soviet Air Forces|Soviet Air Force]] used at least two DH.89, captured from [[Lithuanian Air Force]] during the [[Occupation of the Baltic states|occupation of the Baltics]]
;{{flag|Spain|1931}}
* [[Spanish Republican Air Force]] operated three D.H.89M requisitioned from [[LAPE]]
;{{ESP}}
* [[Spanish Air Force]]
;{{TUR}}
* [[Turkish Air Force]] - three DH.89As.<ref>{{harvnb|Shaw ''Air Enthusiast'' December 1986 – April 1987|p=62}}</ref>
;{{UK}}
* [[Royal Air Force]]
** [[No. 24 Squadron RAF]]<ref name="rafsqdp352">{{harvnb|Halley|1980|p=352}}</ref>
** [[No. 173 Squadron RAF]]<ref name="rafsqdp352"/>
** [[No. 225 Squadron RAF]]{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}
** [[No. 271 Squadron RAF]]<ref name="rafsqdp352"/>
** [[No. 510 Squadron RAF]]{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}
** [[No. 526 Squadron RAF]]<ref name="rafsqdp352"/>
** [[No. 527 Squadron RAF]]<ref name="rafsqdp352"/>
** [[No. 614 Squadron RAF]]{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}
* [[Fleet Air Arm]]
** [[700 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361">{{harvnb|Sturtivant|Ballance|1994|p=361}}</ref>
** [[701 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[703 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[736 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/> 
** [[739 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[740 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[744 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[767 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[776 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[778 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[781 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[782 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[787 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[790 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[799 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[1832 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
** [[1844 Naval Air Squadron]]<ref name="faap361"/>
;{{flag|United States|1912}}
* [[United States Army Air Forces]]
;{{flag|Uruguay}}
* [[Uruguayan Air Force]]
;{{flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}
* [[Royal Yugoslav Air Force]] – One aircraft impressed into military service in 1940.

==Accidents and incidents==
* 2 October 1934, G-ACPM of [[Hillman's Airways]] [[1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash|crashed into the sea]] off [[Folkestone]], Kent causing the death of the pilot and the six passengers.<ref name="ab" />
* 30 December 1936, G-AEGS of the Iraqi Petroleum Petrol Transport Company overturned in a forced landing in [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]], two killed.<ref name="ab">{{cite web|url=http://www.ab-ix.co.uk/dh89.pdf|publisher=Air-Britain|title=DH.89 Dragon Rapide|access-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141122075802/http://www.ab-ix.co.uk/dh89.pdf|archive-date=22 November 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Jackson462">{{harvnb|Jackson|1973|p=462}}</ref>
* 21 August 1937, CF-BBG Registered 10.6.37 to [[The Globe and Mail]] Ltd, Toronto. Named "The Flying Newsroom" and equipped with floats. Destroyed by fire whilst refuelling Toronto Air Harbour, Toronto, Ontario 21.8.37. Registration cancelled 21.8.37 (same day)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=18771|title=Incident de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide CF-BBG, 21 Aug 1937|first=Harro|last=Ranter|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=23 March 2019}}</ref>
* 3 July 1938, G-AEBX ''Star of Scotia'' of [[Railway Air Services]] crashed at [[Sydenham, Belfast|Sydenham]], Northern Ireland, two killed.<ref name="ab" /><ref name="Jackson462" />
* 20 June 1939, G-AERE operated by [[British American Air Services]] crashed in [[County Durham]], England.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=Dundee Courier |date=21 June 1939 |page=7 |title=King's jockey is in missing plane |issue=26847 |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0000564/19390621/116/0007?browse=true |url-access=subscription  |via=[[British Newspaper Archive]]}}</ref> [[John Crouch (jockey)|John Crouch]] who was the king's jockey, the pilot and the wireless operator were all killed.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=The Journal |last=Henderson |first=Tony |date=6 November 2013 |title=Auction revives memory of jockey's death in County Durham plane crash |url=http://www.thejournal.co.uk/news/north-east-news/auction-revives-memory-jockeys-death-6275374 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113175817/http://www.thejournal.co.uk/news/north-east-news/auction-revives-memory-jockeys-death-6275374 |archive-date=13 November 2014 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* 27 May 1941, R5929 a Dominie of the [[Royal Air Force]] near [[Devizes]], [[Wiltshire]], England, seven killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 7 July 1941, R9563 a Dominie of the [[Royal Navy]] crashed in bad weather three miles North of [[Stonehaven]], [[Aberdeenshire]], Scotland, six killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 14 February 1942, R5927 a Dominie of the Royal Air Force hit a balloon cable and crashed near [[Colnbrook, Wiltshire]], England, six killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 29 May 1942, VH-UXZ of [[Australian National Airways]] crashed near [[Flinders Island]], [[Bass Strait]], Australia following engine failure (probably through running out of fuel), four killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 20 July 1944, VH-UBN owned by the Australian Department of Civil Aviation, but leased to [[Guinea Airways]], crashed at Mount Kitchener, South Australia, probably as the result of pilot disorientation in cloud, killing all seven on board.<ref>''The Advertiser'', 22 July 1944.</ref>
* 6 February 1945, SU-ABP of [[Misr Airwork]] crashed in Egypt, seven killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 1 April 1946, G-AERZ of [[Railway Air Services]] crashed in [[County Down]], Northern Ireland,<ref name="Jackson463">{{harvnb|Jackson|1973|p=463}}</ref> six killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 30 August 1946, X7394 a Dominie of the Royal Navy crashed at [[Scafell Pike]], [[Cumberland]], England in bad weather during an ambulance flight, five killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 15 April 1947, G-AHKR of [[British European Airways]] crashed into [[Hills and mountains of the Isle of Man|Slieau Ruy]] whilst operating a scheduled passenger flight from [[Speke Airport]], [[Liverpool]], [[Lancashire]] to [[Ronaldsway Airport]], [[Isle of Man]]. There were only minor injuries amongst the six people on board.{{sfn|Poole|1999|pp=120–21}}
* 10 June 1948, G-AIUI of [[Hargreaves Airways]] crashed at [[Cronk ny Arrey Laa]], Isle of Man. Seven of the nine people on board were killed. The aircraft was operating a scheduled passenger flight from Speke to Ronaldsway.{{sfn|Poole|1999|pp=121–22}}
* 11 November 1948, G-AKOF of [[Mannin Airways]] flying from [[Dublin]], Ireland and unable to land at Ronaldsway diverted to Speke but ran out of fuel and crashed in [[River Mersey]] off Liverpool, England,<ref name="Jackson468">{{harvnb|Jackson|1973|p=468}}</ref><ref>{{citation |journal=Flight |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1948/1948%20-%201929.html |title=Mersey Accident |date=18 November 1948 |page=595 }}</ref> eight killed.<ref name="ab" />
* 10 July 1951, G-ALXJ of the Air Navigation and Trading Company crashed into the [[Irish Sea]] off [[Laxey]], [[Isle of Man]], killing the pilot. The aircraft was operating a scheduled cargo flight from [[Squires Gate Airport]], [[Blackpool]], Lancashire to [[RAF Jurby]] instead of its normal destination of [[Ronaldsway Airport]], which was fogbound.{{sfn|Poole|1999|pp=126–27}}
* 14 September 1952, G-AIZI crashed shortly after takeoff from [[Croydon Airport]] at [[Wallington, Surrey]] following a loss of power from the starboard engine. The pilot, the only person on board, was killed.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://publicapps.caa.co.uk/docs/HistoricalMaterial/G-AIZI.pdf|title= CA Form 113|access-date= 17 September 2021 |publisher=[[Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)|Civil Aviation Authority]] |year= 1952|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210804102720/http://publicapps.caa.co.uk/docs/HistoricalMaterial/G-AIZI.pdf|archive-date= 4 August 2021|url-status= live}}</ref>
* 19 February 1954, G-AFMF crashed at [[Simonburn|Simonburn Common]] near [[Hexham]], [[Northumberland]]. The pilot and seven passengers escaped with minor injuries.<ref>[http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=18750 ASN Aircraft accident 19-FEB-1954 de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide G-AFMF], accessed 8 November 2011.</ref><!-- [[1954 Hexham De Havilland Dragon Rapide accident|crashed]] -->
* 29 June 1957, G-AGUE of [[Island Air Services]] crashed on takeoff from [[Ramsgate Airport]], Kent on a local pleasure flight. The aircraft was written off, but all on board escaped uninjured.{{sfn|Humphreys|2001|p=169}}
* 16 July 1960, OY-DZY of [[Falck (Denmark)|Zonens Redningskorps]] [[1960 Danish football air crash|crashed shortly after takeoff]] from [[Copenhagen Airport]], Denmark. The aircraft was chartered by the [[Danish Football Union]] to transport soccer players to a test match in [[Jutland]]. All eight passengers were killed; the pilot survived but had one leg amputated.<ref>[http://politiken.dk/kultur/article1017258.ece "I dag er et trist jubilæum for dansk fodbold"], ''Politiken'', 16 July 2010, accessed 9 September 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.cnapg.net/dragonrapide.htm CNAPG Dragon Rapide Individual Aircraft History Page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729054251/http://www.cnapg.net/dragonrapide.htm |date=29 July 2020 }}, accessed 9 September 2011.</ref>
* 11 August 2018, N683DH crashed shortly after takeoff from [[Abbotsford International Airport]] at the [[Abbotsford International Airshow]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.abbotsfordairshow.com/aircraft-crashes-shortly-after-saturday-airshow-ends/|title= Aircraft crashes shortly after Saturday Airshow ends|access-date= 20 January 2021|author= Abbotsford International Airshow|author-link= Abbotsford International Airshow|work= abbotsfordairshow.com|date= 11 August 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180812213000/https://www.abbotsfordairshow.com/aircraft-crashes-shortly-after-saturday-airshow-ends/|archive-date= 12 August 2018|url-status= dead}}</ref>

==Surviving aircraft==
[[File:De Havilland DH89A Dragon Rapide ‘G-AGSH’ (33406448225).jpg|thumb|Dragon Rapide G-AGSH at [[Shuttleworth Collection|Old Warden airfield]]]]
[[File:De Havilland DH89A Dragon Rapide ‘G-AHAG’ (28115505980).jpg|thumb|Dragon Rapide G-AHAG at [[Duxford Aerodrome]]]]

* F-AZCA is preserved in France (Amicale Jean Baptiste Salis at La Ferté Alais) Used for a double transatlantic flight in the late 1980s as an advertising vehicle for ''Blueway'' cigarettes. It is scheduled for restoration.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aerobuzz.fr/breves-culture-aero/faut-sauver-soldat-dragon-rapide/|title=Il faut sauver le Dragon Rapide de la Ferté - Aerobuzz|date=15 June 2017|website=aerobuzz.fr|access-date=29 January 2018}}</ref>
* G-ACPP, on display at the [[Reynolds-Alberta Museum]] Fame in [[Wetaskiwin]] Alberta. The fifth D.H.89 built, and started its career with Railway Air Services Ltd of Croydon, UK on 2 Feb. 1935 with the name 'City of Bristol'.  It is the oldest surviving D.H.89.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aviation |url=https://reynoldsmuseum.ca/aviation |website=Reynolds Museum |publisher=Government of Alberta |access-date=1 December 2019}}</ref>
* G-ACYR, in Olley Air Service Livery, used to fly Franco from the Canary Islands in the first days of the Spanish Civil War, based at [[Museo del Aire (Madrid)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es/EA/museodelaire/index.html#section02%22%22Museo|title=Museo de Aeronáutica y Astronáutica|website=www.ejercitodelaire.mde.es|access-date=23 March 2019}}</ref>
* G-ADAH, a DH89A in the livery of Allied Airways, is on display at the [[Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester)|Museum of Science and Industry]] in Manchester, England.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airport-data.com/aircraft/G-ADAH.html|title=G-ADAH|work=airport-data.com|access-date=29 May 2016}}</ref>
* G-ADDD (was G-ACZE, N1934D), a DH89A currently undergoing restoration to flying condition at the [[Military Aviation Museum]] in Virginia Beach, Virginia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/FighterFactory/photos/a.598069890279265.1073741829.597973800288874/1298824410203806/?type=3&theater |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/597973800288874/1298824410203806 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |url-access=limited|title=The Fighter Factory|website=www.facebook.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-26}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* G-AEML / EC-AAY, a DH89A in the livery of [[Iberia (airline)|Iberia]], is airworthy and operated by the Fundación Infante de Orleans in Spain.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fio.es/DRAGON_RAPIDE.html|title=De Havilland 89 Dragon Rapide|work=fio.es|access-date=29 May 2016}}</ref>
* G-AGJG, a DH89A, in the colours of Scottish Airways, is airworthy and in the hands of private owners at Duxford Airfield, Cambridge, England.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://publicapps.caa.co.uk/modalapplication.aspx?catid=1&pagetype=65&appid=1&mode=detailnosummary&fullregmark=AGJG|title = GINFO Search Results Summary|access-date = 27 November 2016|publisher=[[Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)|Civil Aviation Authority]] |date = 27 November 2016}}</ref>
* G-AGSH, a DH89A, is airworthy with the [[Shuttleworth Collection]] in [[Old Warden|Old Warden, Bedfordshire]]. Was rebuilt and restored to her [[British European Airways|BEA]] colours by Cliff Lovell at Hants Light Plane Services.<ref>[https://www.shuttleworth.org/collection/dradonrapide/ "1945 DH89A Dragon Rapide Shuttleworth"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609114411/https://www.shuttleworth.org/collection/dradonrapide/ |date=9 June 2021 }} Retrieved: 9 June 2021.</ref>
* G-AGTM, a DH89A, is airworthy and was operated by the Classic Air Force before it closed in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/ajw1970/22828173514/|title=de Havilland DH89A Dragon Rapide 'G-AGTM'|work=flickr.com|date=11 October 2015 |access-date=29 May 2016}}</ref>
* G-AHAG, a DH89A in the livery of Scillonia Airways, is airworthy and based at Membury airfield, Berkshire.<ref>[http://www.scilloniaairways.co.uk/Scillonia_Airways/Scillonia_Airways_-_News/Scillonia_Airways_-_News.html"Dragon Rapide Scillonia Airways"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731120808/http://scilloniaairways.co.uk/Scillonia_Airways/Scillonia_Airways_-_News/Scillonia_Airways_-_News.html |date=31 July 2021 }} Retrieved: 16 November 2015.</ref>
* G-AHXW, is under repair following its 2018 crash. Upon completion of will rejoin the Historic Flight Foundation [[Spokane, Washington]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldnet.com/news/paine-field-museum-scores-rare-1930s-de-havilland-airplane/|title=Paine Field museum scores rare 1930s de Havilland airplane|date=22 May 2017 }}</ref>
* G-AIDL, a Mk 6, is airworthy and owned by Cirrus Aviation, painted as a Royal Air Force Dominie ''TX310'', its former identity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://publicapps.caa.co.uk/modalapplication.aspx?catid=1&pagetype=65&appid=1&mode=detailnosummary&fullregmark=AIDL|title=G-AIDL|publisher=United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority|date=12 August 2017}}</ref>
* G-AKIF and G-AIYR, a pair of DH89A Dragon Rapides, are airworthy and based at Duxford, England airfield for tourist flights.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duxfordflying.co.uk/index.php?pageid=588|title=Dragon Rapide at Duxford|author=Luke Mowatt & Peter Davison|work=duxfordflying.co.uk|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref>
* G-AKNV (last registration was OO-CNP), on display at the [[Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History]] in [[Brussels]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://users.skynet.be/BAMRS/dh89/dh89-en.htm|title=DH-89 "Dragon Rapide"|website=users.skynet.be|access-date=24 September 2018|archive-date=22 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022075658/http://users.skynet.be/BAMRS/dh89/dh89-en.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* NR695 / N2290F, a DH89A, is on display at the [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]], [[Dayton, Ohio]].<ref>[http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/MuseumExhibits/FactSheets/Display/tabid/509/Article/195749/de-havilland-dh-89-dominie.aspx "De Havilland DH 89 Dominie."] ''National Museum of the US Air Force.'' Retrieved: 24 August 2015.</ref>
* TC-ERK, a DH89A, is on display at the [[Istanbul Aviation Museum]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aviationmuseum.eu/World/Europe/Turkey/Istanbul/Yesilkoymuseum.htm|title=Hava Kuvvetleri Muzesi Komutanligi (Turkish Air Force Museum) – Yesilkoy – Istanbul – Turkey|work=aviationmuseum.eu|access-date=28 May 2016}}</ref>
* TF-ISM, a D.H.89A that was one of 3 in service in Iceland. 2 of which were in service with [[Icelandair]]<ref>[https://www.flugsafn.is/is/moya/extras/loftfor-til-synis-a-safninu/tf-ism] Retrieved: 17 November 2023.</ref>
* ZS-JGV (CN8931), a DH89A is airworthy and is based in Queenstown in the [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa]].<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/pages/Historic-Wings-Collection/126262020806594 Historic Wings Collection]. Retrieved: 25 June 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.dehavilland.co.za/DH89_Dragon_Rapide.html dehavilland.co.za] Retrieved: 25 June 2016.</ref>
* C-FAYE, known as ''Lady Faye'', is on display at the [[Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre]] in [[Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario|Sault Ste. Marie]], [[Ontario]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bushplane.com/aircraft/aircraft-rapide/|title=deHavilland D.H.89 Rapide C-FAYE - CBHC|website=www.bushplane.com|language=en|access-date=2017-10-02|archive-date=2 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002220551/http://www.bushplane.com/aircraft/aircraft-rapide/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* V-3, DH89B (CN6740), on display at the [[Nationaal Militair Museum]], The Netherlands<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nmm.nl/zoeken-in-de-collectie/detail/471162/|title=Transportvliegtuig De Havilland DH-89A 'Dominie' registratienummer V-3 - Zoeken in de collectie - Nationaal Militair Museum|website=NNM|access-date=14 October 2017|archive-date=14 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014234117/https://www.nmm.nl/zoeken-in-de-collectie/detail/471162/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 2304, DH89A (CN6430), operated by Força Aérea Portuguesa on display at the [[Museu do Ar]], Sintra Portugal<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stanakshot.free.fr/photos/Portugal-air-force/De-Havilland-DH.89A-Dragon-Rapide/2304/11934/|title=De Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide (2304) de la FAP|website=stanakshot|access-date=10 August 2022}}</ref>

==Specifications (Dragon Rapide)==
[[File:De Havilland 89.svg|right|300px]]

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938<ref name=JAWA1938>{{harvnb|Grey|Bridgman|1938|pp=31c–32c}}</ref>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=1
|capacity=8 passengers
|length ft=34
|length in=6
|length note=
|span ft=48
|span in=0
|span note=
|height ft=10
|height in=3
|height note=
|wing area sqft=336
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=11.7
|airfoil=[[RAF 34]] modified
|empty weight lb=3230
|empty weight note=
|gross weight lb=5500
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity={{cvt|76|impgal|USgal l|0}} fuel in two wing tanks behind each engine; {{cvt|3.5|impgal|USgal l|0}} air-cooled oil tank
|more general=<br>
*'''Cabin dimensions (average):'''
:*'''Cabin length:''' {{cvt|13|ft|6|in|1}}
:*'''Cabin height:''' {{cvt|4|ft|6|in|1}}
:*'''Cabin width:''' {{cvt|4|ft|0|in|1}}
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[de Havilland Gipsy Six]]
|eng1 type=6-cylinder air-cooled inverted in-line piston engines
|eng1 hp=200
|eng1 note=

|prop blade number=2
|prop name=fixed-pitch propellers
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed mph=157
|max speed note=at {{cvt|1000|ft|0}}
::::{{cvt|155|mph|kn km/h|0}} at sea level
|cruise speed mph=132
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed note=
|range miles=556
|range note=in still-air at cruising speed
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling ft=16700
|ceiling note=<br>
::::{{cvt|3100|ft|0}} on one engine with full payload
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ftmin=867
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude={{cvt|5000|ft|0}} in 6 minutes 45 seconds
|lift to drag=
|wing loading lb/sqft=16
|wing loading note={{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass={{cvt|0.073|hp/lb}}{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
|more performance=<br/>
*'''Take-off run:''' {{cvt|870|ft|0}}
*'''Landing run:''' {{cvt|510|ft|0}}

|avionics=
}}

==Notable appearances in media==
<!-- All content about the aircraft in fictional and gaming use has been moved to [[Aircraft in fiction, please see [[WP:AIRPOP]] -->
{{Main|Aircraft in fiction#de Havilland DH.89 Dragon Rapide}}

A 1986 Spanish film, ''Dragon Rapide'',<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.janusmuseum.org/panabasis/oct07.htm#26oct|title = The Captain's Paradise|access-date = 1 June 2015|author = The Janus Museum|date = 26 October 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080516202218/http://janusmuseum.org/panabasis/oct07.htm |archive-date = 16 May 2008}}</ref> covers its historical use by Generalissimo [[Francisco Franco]] during the preparation for the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0090969/|title=Dragón Rapide|publisher=IMDB|access-date=1 June 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
* [[de Havilland Dragon]]
* [[de Havilland Express]]
* [[Breda Ba.44]]
|similar aircraft=
|lists=
* [[List of aircraft of the Royal Air Force]]
* [[List of aircraft of the Spanish Republican Air Force]]
}}

==References==

===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book |last=Andersson |first=Lennart |title=A History of Chinese Aviation: Encyclopedia of Aircraft and Aviation in China to 1949 |location=Taipei, Republic of China |publisher=AHS of ROC |year= 2008 |isbn=978-957-28533-3-7}}
* {{cite magazine |last=Andersson |first=Lennart |title= The Latvian Civil Aircraft Registers 1922–1940: Part Two |magazine=Air-Britain Archive |date=Summer 2016 |pages=81–84 |issn=0262-4923}}
* {{cite magazine |last=Best |first=Martin S. |title=The Development of Commercial Aviation in China: Part 2 : China National Aviation Corporation (pre-WWII) |magazine=Air-Britain Archive |date=Summer 2007 |pages=51–80 |issn=0262-4923}}
* {{cite magazine |last=Best |first=Martin S. |title=The Development of Commercial Aviation in China: Part 18A : Civil Air Transport Operations in Indochina, 1950–53 |magazine=Air-Britain Archive |date=Spring 2016 |pages=13–28 |issn=0262-4923}}
* {{cite book |last=Bridgman |first=Leonard |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1948 |year=1948 |location=London |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd. }}
* {{cite magazine |title=Complete Civil Registers: 5: CR-T: Portuguese Timor |magazine=Archive |publisher=[[Air-Britain]] |year=1982 |issue=2 |page=32 |issn=0262-4923 |ref={{harvid|''Archive'' 1982, No. 2}} }}
* {{cite magazine |last1=Elliott|first1=Bryn|title=On the Beat: The First 60 Years of Britain's Air Police |magazine=Air Enthusiast |date=January–February 1999 |issue=79 |pages=68–75 |issn=0143-5450}}
* {{Cite book | first = Ted| last = Fresson |author-link=E. E. Fresson |date=May 2008| title = Air Road to the Isles | publisher=Kea Publishing| location = Erskine| isbn = 978-0951895894 }}
* Gerdessen, Frederik. "Estonian Air Power 1918 – 1945". ''[[Air Enthusiast]]'', No. 18, April – July 1982. pp.&nbsp;61–76. {{ISSN|0143-5450}}.
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Grey |editor1-first=C. G. |editor2-last=Bridgman |editor2-first=Leonard |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938  |year=1938 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd |location=London }}
* {{cite magazine |last1=Guillem |first1=Jacques |last2=Bénichou |first2=Michel |title=Les avions phantômes d'Air France |magazine=Le Fana de l'Aviation |date=April 2015 |issue=545 |pages=66–72 |language=fr |issn=0757-4169}}
* {{cite book |last=Halley |first=James J. |title=The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force |year=1980 |location=Tonbridge, UK |publisher=Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. |isbn=0-85130-083-9}}
* {{cite book |last= Hamlin |first= John F. |title=The De Havilland Dragon Rapide Family |year=2003 |location=Tunbridge Wells, Kent, UK |publisher=Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. |isbn=0-85130-344-7 }}
* {{cite book |last=Humphreys |first=Roy | title = Kent Aviation, A Century of Flight | publisher = Sutton Publishing |location=Stroud | year = 2001 | isbn = 0-7509-2790-9 }}
* {{cite book |last=Jackson |first=A. J. |title=De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 |year=1978 |publisher= Putnam & Company Ltd. |isbn=0-370-30022-X }}
* {{cite book |last=Jackson |first=A. J. |title=De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 |year=1987 |publisher= Putnam & Company Ltd. |isbn=0-85177-802-X }}
* {{cite book |last=Jackson |first=A. J. |title='British Civil Aircraft 1919–1972: Volume II |year=1988 |location=London |publisher=Putnam |isbn=0-85177-813-5 }}
* {{cite book |last=Jackson |first=A. J. |title='British Civil Aircraft since 1919: Volume 2 |year=1973 |location=London |publisher=Putnam |isbn=0-370-10010-7 }}
* {{cite book |last=Moss |first=Peter W. |title=The de Havilland Rapide: Profile Publications Number 144 |year=1966 |location=Leatherhead, Surrey, UK |publisher=Profile Publications }}
* {{cite magazine|title=Pentagon Over the Islands: The Thirty-Year History of Indonesian Military Aviation|journal=Air Enthusiast Quarterly |date=n.d. |issue=2 |pages=154–162 |issn=0143-5450}}
* {{cite book |last=Pigott |first=Peter |title=Royal transport : an inside look at the history of royal travel |year=2005 |location=Toronto, Canada |publisher=Dundurn Group Publishing |isbn=9781554882854 }}
* {{cite magazine |last=Shaw |first=Robbie |title= Turkey's Hava Müzesi |magazine=[[Air Enthusiast]] |date=December 1986 – April 1987 |issue=32 |pages=59–62 |issn=0143-5450 |ref={{harvid|Shaw ''Air Enthusiast'' December 1986 – April 1987}} }}
* {{Cite book | first = Stephen| last = Poole| year = 1999| title = Rough Landing or Fatal Flight | publisher=Amulree Publications| location = Douglas| isbn = 1-901508-03-X }}
* {{cite book |last1=Sturtivant |first=Ray |last2=Ballance |first2=Theo |title=The Squadrons of the Fleet Air Arm |year=1994 |location=Tonbridge, UK |publisher=Air Britain (Historians) Ltd. |isbn=0-85130-223-8}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* Operators' reference drawing [https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1964/1964%20-%202920.PDF], [https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1964/1964%20-%202938.PDF]
* [https://www.fighterfactory.com/dragon-rapide de Havilland Dragon Rapide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206200645/https://www.fighterfactory.com/dragon-rapide |date=6 December 2017 }} at the [[Military Aviation Museum]]

{{De Havilland aircraft}}
{{ADF aircraft designations}}
{{Spanish liaison aircraft}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1930s British airliners]]
[[Category:1930s British military utility aircraft]]
[[Category:De Havilland aircraft|Dragon Rapide]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1934]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]
[[Category:Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft]]
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