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{{short description|Overview of the defense industry of Bulgaria}}
'''[[Bulgaria]]''' is a [[NATO]] member country with a large indigenous [[defence industry]]. Most of its weaponry is of [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] design, but with significantly improved performance. Bulgaria is ranked as a "medium" small arms exporter according to the [[Small Arms Survey]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security |year=2011 |page=3 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2011/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2011-Chapter-01-Annexes-1.1-1.2-EN.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402235805/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2011/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2011-Chapter-01-Annexes-1.1-1.2-EN.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 2, 2012 }}</ref>

== History ==
Despite having local arms factories, until 1944 Bulgaria relied mostly on imports to equip [[Military of Bulgaria|its military]]. Nevertheless, the Bulgarian defence industry was capable of producing training and light attack aircraft, such as the [[DAR-10]] and [[Laz-7]]. After the installment of a Communist government the same year, the country started a process of massive industrialization, but continued to import equipment. By the 1980s a large part of the equipment came from local suppliers. In the late 1980s exports reached about $800 mln. annually, trade partners being mostly [[Egypt]], [[Algeria]], [[Angola]], [[North Korea]], [[Libya]], [[Syria]], [[Iraq]], [[Cuba]] and [[Vietnam]].

After the loss of [[Warsaw Pact]] and secondary markets, surplus weapons, as well as newly manufactured items, were illicitly exported to a variety of countries and rebel groups across Africa and Asia.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/03/world/bulgaria-becomes-a-weapons-bazaar.html Bulgaria Becomes a Weapons Bazaar], The New York Times, 3 August 1998</ref>

== Manufacturers ==
* [[Arsenal AD]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arsenal.bg |title=ARSENAL Home Page |publisher=Arsenal.bg |date= |accessdate=2011-08-08}}</ref> – oldest weapons manufacturer (est. 1878), largest machine-building company in the country; produces pistols, sub-machine guns, assault rifles, light machine guns, machine guns, grenade launchers, mortars, air-defense systems, anti-tank grenade launchers, automatic grenade launchers, ammunition for small arms, artillery rounds, bombs, anti-tank weapons ammunition, unguided rockets and others;
* [[TEREM]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://terem.bg |title=ТЕРЕМ – Българските военноремонтни заводи |publisher=Terem.bg |date= |accessdate=2011-08-08}}</ref> – Government owned specializing in servicing equipment and producing ammunition and spares;
* [[VMZ Sopot]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vmz.bg |title=VMZ Co |publisher=Vmz.bg |date= |accessdate=2011-08-08}}</ref> – Government owned produces [[Anti-tank missile|anti-tank guided and unguided missiles]], aviation unguided missiles and artillery ammunition;
* [[Kintex (Bulgaria)|Kintex]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kintex.bg |url=http://www.kintex.bg/ |access-date=2022-06-16 |website=www.kintex.bg}}</ref> – Government owned produces ammunition, bombs, unguided rockets, fuses, mines and communication equipment;
* [[Samel 90]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://samel90.com |title=Samel 90 |publisher=Samel 90 |date= |accessdate=2011-08-08}}</ref> – communication equipment,[[MRAP|MRAPs]], [[Infantry fighting vehicle|Infantry fighting vehicles]]  [[surface-to-air missiles]] and others;
* [[Armstechno]] – drones and UAVs;
* [[THOR Global Defense Group]] – Small Arms and Long Range Systems – Franchise Office;
* [[Apolo GmbH]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://apolo.bg/ |title=Apolo.bg - the best equipment: Garments, suits, jackets, trousers |access-date=2019-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819163015/http://www.apolo.bg/ |archive-date=2011-08-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> – uniforms;
* [[State military technology institute]]
* [[MARS Armor Ltd.]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marsarmor.com/ |title=MARS Armor Homepage |publisher=marsarmor.com}}</ref> – body armor and personal ballistic protection solutions.
* [[Armaco JSC]]
* Optix-Thermal and night vision devices and optics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ОПТИКС термовизионни и нощни изделия, дневни мерници, оптика |url=https://www.optixco.com/bg |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=www.optixco.com |language=bg}}</ref>

== Products ==
=== Small arms ===
* AR series – [[AR-M1]] assault rifle and others. The basic AR-M1 is chambered in [[5.56x45mm]], has a 600 rpm rate of fire, 900&nbsp;m/s muzzle velocity, nearly 600&nbsp;g lighter than the original [[AK-74]] (loaded weight), somewhat more durable, a rail for an optical or reflex sights.
* [[AKS-74u]] assault rifle
* [[Arsenal Shipka]] submachine gun
* [[RPK|LMG]] light machine gun
* [[MG-M1]] general purpose machine gun
* [[Arcus 98DA]] pistol
* [[Makarov PM]] pistol

=== Artillery ===
* Mortars – 60–120&nbsp;mm
* [[2S12 Tundzha]] SP mortars (two variants – 82 and 120&nbsp;mm)
* [[2S1 Gvozdika|2S1 Karamfil]] SP howitzers

=== Air defence equipment ===
* [[SA-7B Grail]] MANPADS
* [[SA-14 Gremlin]] MANPADS
* [[SA-16 Gimlet]] MANPADS
* [[SA-18 Grouse]] MANPADS

=== Anti-tank weapons ===
* [[SPG-9]]DNM recoilless rifle
* [[RPG-7]] grenade launcher
* [[RPG-22]] one-shot disposable rocket launcher (issued as a round of ammunition)
* [[AT-3 Sagger]] ATGM
* [[AT-4 Spigot]] ATGM
* [[AT-5 Spandrel]] ATGM

=== Armored vehicles ===
[[Image:MT-LB US Marines.jpg|thumb|250px|A Bulgarian-made MT-LB used by the [[USMC]]]]
* [[MT-LB]] in different versions<ref>{{cite news|title=US Analyst Expects Bulgaria to Renew Production of BMP Armored Vehicles|url=https://www.novinite.com/articles/125793/US+Analyst+Expects+Bulgaria+to+Renew+Production+of+BMP+Armored+Vehicles|date=1 March 2011|website=Novinite.com|access-date=2 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Bulgaria has signed contract for sale of 500 MT-LB multirole tracked armored vehicles to Iraq|url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/june_2012_new_army_military_defence_industry_uk/bulgaria_has_signed_contract_for_sale_of_500_mt-lb_multirole_tracked_armoured_vehicles_iraq_1606124.html|date=16 June 2012|website=Army Recognition|access-date=2 April 2022}}</ref>
* [[BMP-23]]
* [[BTR-60]]:
* '''BTR-60PAU''' – Artillery command variant of the BTR-60PA with 4 whip antennas.
* '''BTR-60PB''' with Polish WAT turret from SKOT-2AP. Only a prototype was made.
* '''BTR-60PB-MD''' (''bronyetransport’or moderniziran'') – BTR-60PB upgraded with VAMO DT3900 or Rover TD-200 diesel engine, four MB smoke grenade dischargers on the turret (two on each side), "Melopa" night sight, new day sight, new NBC protection system and modern radios. It also has a rear view mirror on the left hand side of the hull. Only a prototype was made.
** '''BTR-60PB-MD1''' – Version for the Bulgarian army, powered by a Cummins ISB 25.30 turbocharged Euro 3 diesel engine of 250&nbsp;hp and fitted with side hatches. About 150 in service.
** '''BTR-60PB-MD3''' – export model, fitted with a KamAZ diesel engine, different sights and eight additional smoke grenade launchers in the front right corner of the hull. The prototype, shown in 2004, was based on a BTR-60PA.

=== Missiles and rockets ===
* Rockets for [[BM-21]]
* [[S-5 rocket]]

=== Ammunition ===
* [[Starshel]] ECM round
* RPG rounds
* [[5.45×39mm|5.45]], [[5.56 mm|5.56]], [[7.62 mm|7.62]], [[9 mm|9]], [[12.7 mm|12.7]], [[14.5 mm|14.5]], [[23 mm|23]], [[40 mm|40]], [[57 mm|57]], [[60 mm|60]], [[73 mm|73]], [[81 mm|81]], [[82 mm|82]], [[100 mm|100]], [[120 mm|120]], [[122 mm|122]], [[125 mm smoothbore rounds|125]], [[130 mm|130]], [[152 mm]] ammunition

=== Other ===
* [[Armstechno NITI]] drone
* [[Armstechno Dulo]] UCAV
* jammers for remotely detonated bombs
* [[GP-25|UBGL-1]] underbarrel grenade launcher in different variants
* handheld radios
* guidance systems for missiles
* [[avionics]] for aircraft
* uniforms and helmets
* optical instruments
* [[night vision]] equipment
* [[body armor]] and [[bulletproof vest]]s

== Customers ==
* {{AFG}}
* {{ALG}}
* {{ANG}}
* {{CHA}}
* {{CHL}}
* {{flagu|Canada}}
* {{PRC}}
* {{CGO}}<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.trud.bg/Article.asp?ArticleId=549317 |title="Ер Франс" закарала БГ картечници в Конго |publisher=trud.bg |date= |accessdate=2011-08-08}}</ref>
* {{ERI}}
* {{ETH}}
* {{FIN}}
* {{GEO}}
* {{GRC}}
* {{GUI}}
* {{flagu|India}}
* {{IRQ}}
* {{JOR}}
* {{LBN}}
* {{MKD}}
* {{MRT}}
* {{MLI}}
* {{NPL}}
* {{flagu|Poland}}
* {{RWA}} <ref name="autogenerated1"/>
* {{flagu|Sweden}}
* {{TUR}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/27/weapons-flowing-eastern-europe-middle-east-revealed-arms-trade-syria|title=Revealed: the £1bn of weapons flowing from Europe to Middle East|first=Ivan|last=Angelovski|date=27 July 2016|publisher=|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref>
* {{UAE}}
* {{flagu|United States}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.occrp.org/en/makingakilling/the-pentagon-is-spending-2-billion-on-soviet-style-arms-for-syrian-rebels|title=Revealed: The Pentagon Is Spending Up To $2.2 Billion on Soviet-Style Arms for Syrian Rebels|first=Ivan Angelovski and Lawrence|last=Marzouk|website=OCCRP}}</ref>
* {{VNM}}
* {{YEM}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140218230901/http://www.arsenal-bg.com/main.htm Arsenal Corporation]
* [http://www.terem.bg/ TEREM]
* [http://www.samel90.com/ Samel90]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090401040211/http://www.apolo.bg/Index/EN/ Apolo]
* [https://www.marsarmor.com/ MARS Armor]

{{World topic|Defense industry of|noredlinks=yes}}
{{Europe topic|Defense industry of}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Defense Industry Of Bulgaria}}
[[Category:Defence companies of Bulgaria]]
[[Category:Military industry by country|Bulgaria]]
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