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[[File:Swiety Krzyz klasztor 3961 20080703.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Benedictine Abbacy in Święty Krzyż, dissolved in 1819]]
'''Dissolution of monasteries under the Russian Partition and Congress Poland''' - the [[Secularization|dissolution]] of [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[Monastery|monasteries]] carried out in the nineteenth century by [[Russian Empire|Russian authorities]] and [[Catholic Church|Catholic authorities]] in [[Congress Poland]] and the [[Western Krai|Taken Lands]]. 

==Dissolution of monasteries in Congress Poland (1819)==

In 1819, Pope [[Pius VII]] introduced a new [[Papal bull|bull]], the ''Ex imposita Nobis'', introducing a new division of [[diocese]]s in the Kingdom of Poland. The creator of the Papal bull was [[Primate (bishop)|Primate]] Franciszek Skarbek-Malczewski, whom the Pope authorised to dissolve several [[collegiate church]]es as to financially secure the remaining bishoprics and upkeep the newly formed [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Sandomierz]] and [[Janów Podlaski]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Zwierzyniecki|first1=Robert|title=Zarys historii wsi parafii Szaniec|date=2017|location=Kraków|page=14}}</ref>

The main designer of the dissolution was [[Stanisław Kostka Potocki]] and [[Stanisław Staszic]]. Potocki established to dissolve 30 male and 8 female monasteries. Bishop Malczewski was against such widespread dissolution. Pressured by Potocki, Bishop Szczepan Hołowczyc, [[Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski]], Antoni Kotowski, likely nescient, had signed the dissolution order on April 17, 1819. By virtue of the decree, the [[inter alia]] following abbacies were dissolved: [[Sulejów Abbey]], [[Wąchock Abbey]], Święty Krzyż Basilica, the [[Premonstratensians|Norbertine]] monasteries in [[Witów, Proszowice County|Witów]] and [[Hebdów]], the [[Order of the Holy Sepulchre]] monastery of [[Miechów]] and the [[Camaldolese]] monastery in [[Szaniec, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship|Szaniec]]. On August 16, 1822 the [[Namiestnik of Poland]] followed a decree to seize all material property from the dissolved properties to a common religious fund.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Deszczyńska|first1=Martyna|title=Biskup Wojciech Skarszewski a dymisja Stanisława Kostki Potockiego|journal=Kwartalnik Historyczny|date=1999|volume=CVI nr. 1|issue=Kwartalnik Historyczny|page=54}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Colonisation of Partitioned Poland]]
[[Category:Military occupations of Poland]]
[[Category:Catholic Church in Poland]]
[[Category:Congress Poland]]
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