Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Dušan Simović

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Prime Minister of Yugoslavia, 1940-41}}
{{Infobox prime minister
| name                = Dušan Simović
| native_name         = Душан Симовић
| native_name_lang    = sr-Cyrl
| image               = Dusan Simovic.jpg
| order               = 14th [[Prime Minister of Yugoslavia]]
| term_start          = 27 March 1941
| term_end            = 11 January 1942{{-}}{{small|[[Yugoslav government in exile|In exile]] from 15 April 1941}}
| monarch             = [[Peter II of Yugoslavia|Peter II]]
| predecessor         = [[Dragiša Cvetković]]
| successor           = [[Slobodan Jovanović]]
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1882|10|28|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Kragujevac]], [[Kingdom of Serbia]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|1962|8|26|1882|10|28|df=y}}
| death_place         = [[Belgrade]], [[Socialist Republic of Serbia|PR Serbia]], [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|FPR Yugoslavia]]
| occupation          = [[Soldier]], [[politician]]
| citizenship         = [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]]
| rank                = [[Army general (Kingdom of Yugoslavia)|Army general]]
| allegiance          = {{flag|Kingdom of Serbia}}<br>{{flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}
| branch              = {{army|Kingdom of Serbia}}<br>{{army|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}
| serviceyears        = 1900–1943
| commands            = [[Royal Yugoslav Air Force]]<br>[[Chief of the General Staff (Yugoslavia)#Royal Yugoslav Armed Forces (1920–1941)|Chief of the General Staff]]
| children            = 2
| spouse              = Snežana Tadić
}}
'''Dušan Simović''' ({{Lang-sr-Cyrl|Душан Симовић}}; 28 October 1882 – 26 August 1962) was a [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] [[Serbs|Serb]] [[Army general (Kingdom of Yugoslavia)|army general]] who served as [[Chief of the General Staff (Yugoslavia)#Royal Yugoslav Armed Forces (1920–1941)|Chief of the General Staff]] of the [[Royal Yugoslav Army]] and as the [[Prime Minister of Yugoslavia]] in 1940–1941.<ref>A. W. Palmer, "Revolt in Belgrade, March 27, 1941,"''History Today'' (March 1960) 10#3 pp 192-200.</ref>

== Biography ==
Simović, born on 28 October 1882 in [[Kragujevac]], attended elementary school and two years of high school in his hometown. Due to his interest in military matters, he left high school and entered the [[Military Academy (Serbia)|Military Academy]] in Belgrade. He completed the Military Academy course in 1900, when he was promoted to second lieutenant of artillery. He completed the Higher School of the Military Academy in 1905. During the [[Balkan Wars]] (1912–13) and during the [[First World War]] (1914–1918), he proved an excellent officer. He won promotion in 1913, and again, in 1915, to lieutenant colonel.<ref> Dusan Biber, "The Yugoslav Coup d'État, 27 March 1941" in John Erickson and David Dilks (eds), ''Barbarossa: The Axis and the Allies'' (Edinburgh University Press, 1994), pp.34-42</ref>
At the [[Macedonian front|Salonika front]], he commanded the 7th Infantry Regiment. But even while working in the Salonika front as an infantary commander, Simović was interested in air power and in air defense. Every day he became more and more interested in the works of flight pioneer [[Mihajlo Petrović (pilot) |Mihailo Petrović]] (1884-1913), reading Petrović's reports on the [[Balkan Wars]], as well as his studies on aviation. So Simović decided to dedicate his career to aviation. In 1918, he was named to the delegates of the Serbian government and the Joint Chiefs of Staff at the [[National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] in [[Zagreb]]. Up to the onset of [[World War II]] he devoted himself exclusively to aviation.<ref> Dusan Biber, "The Yugoslav Coup d'État, 27 March 1941" in John Erickson and David Dilks (eds), ''Barbarossa: The Axis and the Allies'' (Edinburgh University Press, 1994), pp.34-42</ref>

From May 1938 until 1940 he served as Chief of the General Staff, in which position he replaced General [[Milutin Nedić]]. He joined other officers in the [[Yugoslav coup d'état |March 1941 coup]] against the government of [[Dragiša Cvetković]]. After the coup, Simović became the new prime minister (27 March 1941). He did not have much time to make his mark on Yugoslav politics: on the wedding day of his daughter, 6 April 1941, [[Nazi Germany]] [[Invasion of Yugoslavia |invaded]] [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]],<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=MVlyhZucoFcC ''Germany and the 2nd World War Volume III: The Mediterranean, South-east Europe, and North Africa: 1939-1941''], [[Gerhard Schreiber]], [[Bernd Stegemann]], [[Detlef Vogel]], editors, 1995, p. 484. ISBN 9780198228844. Chapter: "From the coup in Yugoslavia to the outbreak of war on 6 April 1941".</ref> which surrendered on 18 April 1941.

Simović fled Yugoslavia with his family on 15 April 1941. On 28 October 1941 Simović sent a message to the commander of the [[Chetniks]], [[Draža Mihailović]], and urged him to avoid premature actions and to avoid reprisals.<ref>{{harv|Karchmar|1973|p=241}}</ref>

[[World War II]] in Europe ended in May 1945; the Constituent Assembly of Yugoslavia, dominated by [[Josip Broz Tito|Tito]], formed the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] in November 1945. Simović returned to [[Belgrade]] from [[London]] in June 1945. In 1946 he was a witness for the prosecution in the [[Trial of Mihailović et al.|trial of Draža Mihailović]], and went on to author a number of books on military issues. He died in [[Belgrade]] in 1962.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}}

He married Snežana Tadić (1883–1971), a [[Serbs|Serbian]]-[[Ukrainians|Ukrainian]]-[[Croats|Croatian]] pharmacist from [[Valjevo]], and daughter of Milorad Tadić (1861–1940), in October 1908. They had three sons and four daughters.<ref name="nytobit">
Obituary, ''[[The New York Times]]'' (28 August 1962); "Gen. Simovic Dies; Yugoslav Leader; Headed Royal Government When Nazis Invaded in '41."
</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Sources ==
* {{cite book|last=Karchmar|first=Lucien|title=Draz̆a Mihailović and the Rise of the C̆etnik Movement, 1941-1942|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbJEAQAAIAAJ|year=1973|publisher=Department of History, Stanford University.}}

{{commons category|Dušan Simović}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off|}}
{{succession box |
 |before=[[Dragiša Cvetković]]
 |title=[[Prime Minister of Yugoslavia]]
 |years= 1941 &ndash; 1942
 |after=[[Slobodan Jovanović]]
}}
{{succession box |
 |before=''Office established'' 
 |title=[[Ministry of Defense (Yugoslavia)#Ministers of the Air Force and Navy of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in exile (1941–1942)|Minister of the Air Force and Navy]] of the [[Yugoslav government-in-exile]]
 |years= 1941–1942
 |after=[[Dragoljub Mihailović]]
}}
{{s-mil|}}
{{succession box |
 |before=[[Milutin Nedić]]
 |title=[[Chief of the General Staff (Yugoslavia)|Chief of the General Staff]] of the [[Yugoslav Royal Army]]
 |years= 1938 &ndash; 1940
 |after=[[Petar Kosić]]
}}
{{succession box |
 |before=[[Petar Kosić]]
 |title=[[Chief of the General Staff (Yugoslavia)|Chief of the General Staff]] of the [[Yugoslav Royal Army]]
 |years= 1941
 |after=[[Danilo Kalafatović]]
}}
{{Succession box |
 |before=[[Petar Bojović]]
 |title=[[wikt:deputy|Deputy]] [[List of heads of state of Yugoslavia|Commander in Chief]] of the [[Royal Yugoslav Army|Yugoslavian Armed Forces]]
|years= 1941&ndash;1942
 |after=[[Petar Živković]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Commanders of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force |state=collapsed}}
{{Chiefs of the General Staff of the Royal Yugoslav Armed Forces |state=collapsed}}
{{Ministers of the Army, Navy and Air Force of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia |state=collapsed}}
{{Ministers of Internal Affairs of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia |state=collapsed}}
{{Yugoslavia Prime Ministers}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Simovic, Dusan}}
[[Category:1882 births]]
[[Category:1962 deaths]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Kragujevac]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Serbia]]
[[Category:Serbian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Royal Yugoslav Air Force personnel]]
[[Category:Army general (Kingdom of Yugoslavia)]]
[[Category:Leaders who took power by coup]]
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