Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Earl Morrall

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|American football player (1934–2014)}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox NFL biography
|image=Earl Morrall - New York Giants - 1965.jpg
|caption=Morrall in 1965
|position=[[Quarterback]]
|number=11, 10, 14, 15
|birth_date={{Birth date|1934|5|17}}
|birth_place= [[Muskegon, Michigan]], U.S.
|death_date={{death date and age|2014|4|25|1934|5|17}}
|death_place=[[Fort Lauderdale, Florida]], U.S.
|draftyear=1956
|draftround=1
|draftpick=[[List of second overall National Football League Draft picks|2]]
|high_school = [[Muskegon High School|Muskegon (MI)]]
|college=[[Michigan State Spartans football|Michigan State]]
|height_ft=6
|height_in=1
|weight_lbs = 205
|teams=
* [[San Francisco 49ers]] ([[1956 NFL season|1956]])
* [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] ([[1957 NFL season|1957]]–[[1958 NFL season|1958]])
* [[Detroit Lions]] ([[1958 NFL season|1958]]–[[1964 NFL season|1964]])
* [[New York Giants]] ([[1965 NFL season|1965]]–[[1967 NFL season|1967]])
* [[Baltimore Colts]] ([[1968 NFL season|1968]]–[[1971 NFL season|1971]])
* [[Miami Dolphins]] ([[1972 NFL season|1972]]–[[1976 NFL season|1976]])
|highlights=
* 3× [[Super Bowl]] champion ([[Super Bowl V|V]], [[Super Bowl VII|VII]], [[Super Bowl VIII|VIII]])
* [[NFL champion]] ([[1968 NFL Championship Game|1968]])
* [[NFL Most Valuable Player]] (1968)
* [[NFL Comeback Player of the Year]] (1972)
* 2× First-team [[All-Pro]] ([[1968 All-Pro Team|1968]], [[1972 All-Pro Team|1972]])
* 2× [[Pro Bowl]] ([[1958 Pro Bowl|1957]], [[1969 Pro Bowl|1968]])
* [[List of NFL season passer rating leaders|NFL passer rating leader]] (1972)
* [[List of NFL season passing touchdowns leaders|NFL passing touchdowns leader]] (1968)
* [[Miami Dolphins#The Miami Dolphins 50 Greatest Players|Dolphins Walk of Fame]] (2012)
* Consensus [[College Football All-America Team|All-American]] ([[1955 College Football All-America Team|1955]])
| statlabel1    = Passing attempts
| statvalue1    = 2,689
| statlabel2    = Passing completions
| statvalue2    = 1,379
| statlabel3    = Completion percentage
| statvalue3    = 51.3%
|statlabel4=[[Touchdown|TD]]–[[Interception|INT]]
|statvalue4=161–148
|statlabel5=Passing yards
|statvalue5=20,809
|statlabel6=[[Passer rating]]
|statvalue6=74.1
|nfl=MOR305100
|pfr=MorrEa00
|HOF=
}}

'''Earl Edwin Morrall''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɔːr|əl}}; May 17, 1934 – April 25, 2014) was an American professional [[American football|football]] player who was a [[quarterback]] and Most Valuable Player in the [[National Football League]] (NFL) for 21 seasons, both a starter and reserve. He started for six teams, most notably with the [[Baltimore Colts]] and the [[Miami Dolphins]]. He became known as one of the greatest backup quarterbacks in NFL history, having served in the capacity for two Hall of Fame quarterbacks in [[Johnny Unitas]] and [[Bob Griese]]. An injury to Unitas in 1968 saw Morrall step in to start the season that saw the Colts to a 13–1 record (along with an MVP for Morrall) that saw them win their first [[1968 NFL Championship Game|NFL Championship]] in nine years before ineffective play in [[Super Bowl III]] saw him benched for Unitas. Two years later, in [[Super Bowl V]], Morrall came off the bench for an injured Unitas and kept the Colts in the game before they ultimately won on a last-second field goal. In his first season with Miami in 1972, he came off the bench when Griese became injured early in the year, with Morrall winning all nine starts; Morrall started the first two playoff games, with Griese playing in each game before being named the starter for [[Super Bowl VII]], where the Dolphins completed [[1972 Miami Dolphins season|the only perfect season in NFL history]],

==Pre-professional career==
Morrall led [[Muskegon High School]] in [[Muskegon, Michigan]] to a state football championship in 1951 and state baseball championship in 1952 (where he stole home). He attended [[Michigan State University]], where he played under head coaches [[Biggie Munn]] and [[Duffy Daugherty]]. He played three seasons for the [[Michigan State Spartans football]] team, leading them to a 9–1 record in the [[1955 Michigan State Spartans football team|1955 season]]. He capped his senior year with a victory over the [[1955 UCLA Bruins football team|UCLA Bruins]] in the [[1956 Rose Bowl]]. Morrall also played [[baseball]] at Michigan State and played in the [[College World Series]] as a [[shortstop]] and [[third baseman]]. He was offered the opportunity to play professional baseball but chose instead to play football.

==National Football League career==
In his more than two decades on the professional gridiron, Morrall played for six different teams, starting with his rookie year in 1956 as a first-round selection by the [[San Francisco 49ers]]. He made appearances in the first four games before being slated to start the fifth game of the year on October 28. He went 7-of-12 for 148 yards with a touchdown and an interception. He started the next three games before appearing sporadically in two further games. In total, he went 38-of-78 with 621 passing yards with a touchdown and six interceptions. On the punting side, he kicked 45 of them for 1,705 yards (he would make occasional appearances as punter in seven seasons to total 106 for 3,995 yards with one block).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MorrEa00/gamelog/1956/|title = Earl Morrall 1956 Game Log|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> On September 16, 1957, he was traded along with [[Guard (American football)|guard]] [[Mike Sandusky]] to the [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] in exchange for [[linebacker]] [[Marv Matuszak]] and two first-round draft picks. He would appear all twelve games that year for the Steelers (with eleven starts), helping them to a 6–6 record while throwing for 1,900 yards with eleven touchdowns to twelve interceptions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MorrEa00/gamelog/1957/|title = Earl Morrall 1957 Game Log|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> Despite the high cost of the transaction, the Steelers traded him just over a year later to the [[Detroit Lions]] in order to obtain future Hall of Famer [[Bobby Layne]]. He started the first two games of the 1958 season (both losses) before being traded to the [[Detroit Lions]], for which he would appear sporadically in six games.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MorrEa00/gamelog/1958/|title = Earl Morrall 1958 Game Log|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> Morrall was with the Lions for the next six years, having his best season in 1963 by throwing for 24 touchdowns and more than 2,600 yards. The following year, he suffered a season-ending shoulder injury in an October 18 contest against the [[Chicago Bears]].

After spending the off-season rehabilitating from his injury, Morrall was dealt by the Lions to the [[New York Giants]] for [[Mike Lucci]] who had been acquired from the [[Cleveland Browns]], [[Darrell Dess]] and a draft pick as part of a three-team transaction on [[August 30]], 1965. The Browns obtained defensive back [[Erich Barnes]] from the Giants to complete the trade.<ref>[https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MT19650831.2.58&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1 "Giants Trade For Morrall," ''United Press International'', Tuesday, August 31, 1965.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222173219/https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MT19650831.2.58&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1 |date=December 22, 2018 }} Retrieved December 22, 2018</ref> Enduring his role during the Giants' rebuilding phase, Morrall threw for 2,446 yards and 22 touchdowns that season, but after breaking his wrist in 1966 found himself seeing spot duty over the course of the next two years after the Giants acquired [[Fran Tarkenton]]. He was traded to the Baltimore Colts for an undisclosed draft choice on [[August 25]], 1968. [[Butch Wilson]] was sent to the Giants to complete the transaction eight days later on [[September 2]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1968/09/03/archives/giants-get-wilson-tight-end-of-colts-jets-drop-two-men.html Wallace, William N. "Giants Get Wilson, Tight End of Colts; Jets Drop Two Men," ''The New York Times'', Tuesday, September 3, 1968.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222173624/https://www.nytimes.com/1968/09/03/archives/giants-get-wilson-tight-end-of-colts-jets-drop-two-men.html |date=December 22, 2018 }} Retrieved December 22, 2018</ref><ref name="Post3">Schudel, Matt (April 26, 2014) "One of NFL's greatest backup QBs" ''The Washington Post'', page B4. Retrieved May 2, 2014 [https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/earl-morrall-backup-quarterback-who-led-two-nfl-teams-to-the-super-bowl-dies-at-79/2014/04/27/a04db0be-cd6d-11e3-a75e-463587891b57_story.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107025740/https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/earl-morrall-backup-quarterback-who-led-two-nfl-teams-to-the-super-bowl-dies-at-79/2014/04/27/a04db0be-cd6d-11e3-a75e-463587891b57_story.html|date=November 7, 2017}}</ref> 
[[File:1986 Jeno's Pizza - 32 - Earl Morrall.jpg|thumb|left|Morrall (left) running a play for the Colts in Super Bowl V]]

During the [[1968 Baltimore Colts season]], Morrall turned in the best performance of his career. As the replacement for an injured [[Johnny Unitas]] (who had won league MVP the previous season), the veteran quarterback guided the Colts to 13-1 record, passed for 2,909 yards and a NFL-high 26 touchdown passes, all of which earned him league Most Valuable Player honors. The team won the NFL Championship in a shutout victory but were upset in [[Super Bowl III]] against the [[New York Jets]], where Morrall was taken out late for Unitas. Morrall had a chance to redeem his past woes with [[Super Bowl V]]. With the Colts trailing 13–6 in the second quarter, he was tasked to step in for Unitas, who was knocked out of the game on a rib injury. He would go 7-of-15 while throwing an interception with 147 yards. However, a series of turnovers and luck ([[Craig Morton]], his counterpart, went 12-of-26 with 127 yards, one touchdown, and three interceptions, with the last two resulting in eventual Colt points) resulted in the Colts managing to keep themselves in the game, and [[Jim O'Brien (American football)|Jim O'Brien]] would kick a field goal from 32 yards out to give the Colts a 16–13 victory. His next chance at regular season starts was in 1971, as he started the first nine games of the 1971 season for the Colts (while appearing in one further game). He threw for 1,210 yards with seven touchdowns and twelve interceptions as the Colts went on to a 10–4 record with Unitas handling the duties for the playoffs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MorrEa00/gamelog/1971/|title = Earl Morrall 1971 Game Log|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref>

[[File:Earl Morrall 1976.JPG|thumb|180px|Morrall in 1976]]
For the following year, he moved on to the [[Miami Dolphins]] (coached by [[Don Shula]], who had managed Baltimore until 1970). After starting quarterback [[Bob Griese]] was hurt during the October 15 win against the [[Los Angeles Chargers|San Diego Chargers]], Morrall was tasked to start for the team, and he went 8-of-10 for 86 yards with two touchdowns while Miami won the game.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/197210150mia.htm|title = San Diego Chargers at Miami Dolphins - October 15th, 1972|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> With Miami at a 5–0 record, he proceeded to start the nine remaining games of the season, for which he would win all of them while throwing eleven touchdowns to seven interceptions on 1,360 yards as the team was buoyed mostly by its rushing attack (two of his starts had no touchdowns while two others didn't have an interception).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MorrEa00/gamelog/1972/|title = Earl Morrall 1972 Game Log|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7RZJAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cYMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=469,139670|title=Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=October 9, 2015|archive-date=May 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502033415/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7RZJAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cYMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=469%2C139670|url-status=live}}</ref> The 1972 team achieved the first undefeated regular season in the [[National Football League|NFL]] since 1942. He started the Divisional Round game against the [[Cleveland Browns]] and went 6-of-13 for 88 yards while the Dolphins managed to win 20-14 (on the strength of a blocked punt returned by [[Charlie Babb]], two field goals, and a [[Jim Kiick]] touchdown).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/197212240mia.htm|title = Divisional Round - Cleveland Browns at Miami Dolphins - December 24th, 1972|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref> He started the AFC Championship Game against the [[Pittsburgh Steelers]]. He went 7-of-11 for 51 yards while throwing a touchdown and an interception. He was pulled later in the game for Griese while the Dolphins held on to win 21–17; Griese would start [[Super Bowl VII]], which resulted in a victory and a [[Super Bowl]] ring for the Dolphins.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/197212310pit.htm|title = AFC Championship - Miami Dolphins at Pittsburgh Steelers - December 31st, 1972|website = [[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]}}</ref>  Overall, he filled in for eleven games for an injured [[Bob Griese]], winning all of them. Together, Morrall and Griese won three postseason games (including [[Super Bowl VII]]) to complete the only [[Perfect season#National Football League|perfect season]] in NFL history.

Over the next four seasons, he would make occasional appearances in games, starting three combined times while the Dolphins won another Super Bowl with Griese at the helm. He announced his retirement on May 2, 1977.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=_EQiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YKwFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2853,250573|title=The Argus-Press - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=October 9, 2015|archive-date=May 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502033442/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=_EQiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YKwFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2853%2C250573|url-status=live}}</ref> Until first [[Doug Flutie]] and then [[Vinny Testaverde]] almost 30 years later, Morrall was the oldest quarterback to start and win a football game in the NFL. In those 21 seasons, he was part of 255 games, completing 1,379 passes for 20,809 yards and 161 touchdowns while having a 63-36-3 record as starter. In 2015, Morrall, [[Bob Griese|Griese]] and [[Dan Marino]] were voted to the [[Miami Dolphins#The Miami Dolphins 50 Greatest Players|50 greatest players]] in the Miami Dolphins’ 50-year history.

Morrall made [[Pro Bowl]] appearances following the 1957 and 1968 seasons and was named NFL MVP in 1968 and the AFC MVP for 1972. He led the league in passing in 1968 and the AFC in 1972.

In 2018, the [[Professional Football Researchers Association]] named Morrall to the PFRA Hall of Very Good Class of 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2018.html |title=PFRA Hall of Very Good Class of 2018 |access-date=September 20, 2019 |archive-date=September 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920190718/http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2018.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Post-professional career==

Morrall became the quarterback coach at the University of Miami in 1979.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ws5aAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PnwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4818,3829106|title=St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=October 9, 2015|archive-date=May 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502033414/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ws5aAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PnwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4818%2C3829106|url-status=live}}</ref> During his time there, he worked with [[Jim Kelly]], [[Bernie Kosar]], [[Vinny Testaverde]] and [[Mark Richt]]. In 1989, he was elected to the [[Davie, Florida]] city council and eventually became mayor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-03-23/sports/1992083169_1_earl-morrall-dolphins-kovac|title=Morrall still calls signals, but from mayor's office|access-date=August 18, 2012|archive-date=April 7, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407015945/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1992-03-23/sports/1992083169_1_earl-morrall-dolphins-kovac|url-status=live}}</ref> Morrall ran for the [[Florida House of Representatives]] District 97 seat as a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] in 1992 and lost.<ref>{{cite web|author=Jensen, Trevor|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-07-08/news/9202180440_1_davie-council-members-fellow-council|title=Davie's Mayor Lining Up Backers For House Race|work=South Florida Sun-Sentinel|date=July 8, 1992|access-date=April 25, 2014|archive-date=April 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418005605/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-07-08/news/9202180440_1_davie-council-members-fellow-council|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Herald obit">{{cite web|author=Salguero, Armando|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/04/25/4080238/former-miami-dolphins-qb-earl.html|title=Former Miami Dolphins QB Earl Morrall dies at 79|work=Miami Herald|access-date=April 25, 2014}}</ref>

During a 1989 interview, Morrall was asked what it took to come off the bench and be an effective quarterback and team leader.  His response was, "When you get the chance to do the job, you have to do the job. That's all there is to it."<ref name="Post3"/>

He died on April 25, 2014, at his son's home in [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/26/sports/football/earl-morrall-backup-quarterback-in-dolphins-perfect-season-dies-at-79.html |title=Earl Morrall Is Dead at 79; Led 2 Teams to Super Bowl |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 25, 2014 |access-date=February 26, 2017 |archive-date=August 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812104523/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/26/sports/football/earl-morrall-backup-quarterback-in-dolphins-perfect-season-dies-at-79.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He was 79.<ref name="Herald obit"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.naplesnews.com/news/2014/apr/25/nfl-naples-dolphins-quarterback-earl-morrall-dies |title=NFL: Naples resident and former Dolphins quarterback Earl Morrall dies |work=[[Naples News]] |date=April 25, 2014 |access-date=April 26, 2014 |archive-date=April 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426021004/http://www.naplesnews.com/news/2014/apr/25/nfl-naples-dolphins-quarterback-earl-morrall-dies/ |url-status=live }}</ref> After death, examination of his brain disclosed that he had grade 4 (the most serious stage) [[chronic traumatic encephalopathy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/sports/nfl/miami-dolphins/article58794523.html/|title=Report: Former Miami Dolphins QB Earl Morrall had brain disease CTE|website=[[Miami Herald]]|access-date=March 28, 2016|archive-date=April 8, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408220358/http://www.miamiherald.com/sports/nfl/miami-dolphins/article58794523.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He is one of at least 345 [[List of NFL players with chronic traumatic encephalopathy|NFL players to be diagnosed after death]] with this disease, which is caused by repeated hits to the head.<ref>{{cite news |title=The driving force behind Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) | website=Concussion Legacy Foundation |url=https://concussionfoundation.org/cte-resources/subconcussive-impacts | access-date=July 2, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Ken Belson and Benjamin Mueller |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/20/sports/football/cte-study-concussions-brain-tackle.html |title=Collective Force of Head Hits, Not Just the Number of Them, Increases Odds of C.T.E.  The largest study of chronic traumatic encephalopathy to date found that the cumulative force of head hits absorbed by players in their careers is the best predictor of future brain disease. |work= [[The New York Times]] |date=June 20, 2023 |access-date=July 2, 2023 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.mashf.com/1987_inductees.htm#Earl_Morrall Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame profile]
* {{Footballstats |nfl=MOR305100 |pfr=M/MorrEa00 }}
* {{IMDb name|1851130}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Morrall, Earl}}
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:All-American college football players]]
[[Category:American football quarterbacks]]
[[Category:Players of American football with chronic traumatic encephalopathy]]
[[Category:Baltimore Colts players]]
[[Category:Detroit Lions players]]
[[Category:Eastern Conference Pro Bowl players]]
[[Category:Florida Republicans]]
[[Category:Mayors of places in Florida]]
[[Category:Miami Dolphins players]]
[[Category:Michigan State Spartans football players]]
[[Category:New York Giants players]]
[[Category:People from Davie, Florida]]
[[Category:Players of American football from Broward County, Florida]]
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[[Category:San Francisco 49ers players]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Muskegon, Michigan]]
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[[Category:Michigan State Spartans baseball players]]
[[Category:National Football League Most Valuable Player Award winners]]
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