Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Essex (federal electoral district)

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{short description|Federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada}}
{{About|the federal electoral district|the provincial electoral district|Essex (provincial electoral district)|the pre-Confederation electoral district|Essex (Province of Canada electoral district)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=April 2013}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2013}}
{{Infobox Canada electoral district
| name                = Essex
| province            = Ontario
| image               = Essex, riding.png
| caption             = Essex in relation to other Ontario electoral districts
| fed-status          = active
| fed-district-number = 35026
| fed-created         = 1966
| fed-abolished       = 
| fed-election-first  = 1968
| fed-election-last   = 2021
| fed-rep             = [[Chris Lewis (politician)|Chris Lewis]]
| fed-rep-party       = Conservative
| demo-pop-ref        = <ref>[[#2011fed|Statistics Canada]]: 2012</ref>
| demo-area-ref       = <ref>[[#2011fed|Statistics Canada]]: 2012</ref>
| demo-electors-ref   = 
| demo-census-date    = [[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]
| demo-pop            = 125442
| demo-electors       = 90591
| demo-electors-date  = 2015
| demo-area           = 1177
| demo-cd             = [[Essex County, Ontario|Essex]]
| demo-csd            = [[Amherstburg]], [[Essex, Ontario|Essex]], [[Kingsville, Ontario|Kingsville]], [[Lakeshore, Ontario|Lakeshore]], [[LaSalle, Ontario|LaSalle]]
}}

'''Essex''' (formerly known as '''Essex—Windsor''') is a federal [[electoral district (Canada)|electoral district]] in [[Ontario]], Canada, represented in the [[House of Commons of Canada]] from 1867 to 1882 and since 1968.

==Geography==
The riding includes the Municipalities of [[LaSalle, Ontario|LaSalle]], [[Amherstburg]], [[Essex, Ontario|Essex]], [[Kingsville, Ontario|Kingsville]], and the western/central portion of [[Lakeshore, Ontario|Lakeshore]].
See Elections Canada map.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.ca/res/cir/maps2/mapprov.asp?map=35026&lang=e|title = Essex}}</ref>

==History==

Essex was created in the [[British North America Act of 1867]]. It consisted of [[Essex County, Ontario|Essex County]]. It was abolished in 1882 when it was redistributed into [[Essex North (federal electoral district)|Essex North]] and [[Essex South (federal electoral district)|Essex South]] ridings.

Essex was re-created in 1966 from [[Essex East (electoral district)|Essex East]], [[Essex South (federal electoral district)|Essex South]] and [[Essex West (electoral district)|Essex West]]. The new riding consisted initially of the Town of Essex, the Townships of Anderdon, Colchester North, Colchester South, Malden, Rochester, Sandwich South, Tilbury North and Tilbury West, and the southern parts of the Township of Sandwich West and the City of Windsor, and the southeastern part of the Township of Maidstone. The name of the electoral district was changed in 1972 to "Essex—Windsor".

In 1976, the riding was re-defined to consist of the Townships of Anderdon, Colchester North, Maidstone, Malden, Rochester, Sandwich South, Sandwich West, Tilbury North and Tilbury West, including the Town of Essex, but excluding the Town of Tecumseh and the Village of St. Clair Beach, and the southeast part of the City of Windsor.

In 1987, the riding was re-defined to consist of the southeastern part of the City of Windsor, the towns of Amherstburg, Belle River and Essex, and the townships of Anderdon, Maidstone, Malden, Rochester, Sandwich South, Sandwich West, Tilbury North and Tilbury West.

Essex—Windsor was abolished in 1996 when it was re-distributed between a new "Essex" riding and [[Windsor West (federal electoral district)|Windsor West]]. The new Essex riding was created from parts of Essex—Windsor and [[Essex—Kent]] ridings.

It consisted initially of Pelee Island and the County of Essex excluding the City of Windsor, the towns of Leamington and Tecumseh, the Village of St. Clair Beach and the Township of Mersea. In 2003, it was redefined to consist of the County of Essex excluding the City of Windsor and the towns of Leamington and Tecumseh.

This riding lost territory to [[Chatham-Kent—Leamington (federal electoral district)|Chatham-Kent—Leamington]] during the [[Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 2012|2012 electoral redistribution]]. Namely, [[Pelee Island]] and the eastern portion of the Town of [[Lakeshore, Ontario|Lakeshore]].

===Members of Parliament===

This riding has elected the following [[Member of Parliament|members of Parliament]]:

{{CanMP}}
{{CanMP nodata|Essex}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1867
| ToYr = 1872
| Assembly# = 1
| CanParty = Conservative (historical)
| RepName = John O'Connor
| RepLink = John O'Connor (Canadian politician)
| RepTerms# = 2
| PartyTerms# = 2
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1872
| ToYr = 1874
| Assembly# = 2
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1874
| ToYr = 1878
| Assembly# = 3
| CanParty = Liberal
| RepName = William McGregor
| RepLink = William McGregor (politician)
| RepTerms# = 1
| PartyTerms# = 1
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1878
| ToYr = 1882
| Assembly# = 4
| CanParty = Conservative (historical)
| RepName = J.C. Patterson
| RepTerms# = 1
| PartyTerms# = 1
}}
{{CanMP nodata|''Riding dissolved into'' [[Essex North (federal electoral district)|Essex North]] ''and'' [[Essex South (federal electoral district)|Essex South]]}}
{{CanMP nodata|Essex<br />''Riding re-created from'' [[Essex East (electoral district)|Essex East]], [[Essex South (federal electoral district)|Essex South]] ''and'' [[Essex West (electoral district)|Essex West]]}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1968
| ToYr = 1972
| Assembly# = 28
| CanParty = Liberal
| RepName = Eugene Whelan
| RepTerms# = 1
| PartyTerms# = 1
}}
{{CanMP nodata|Essex—Windsor}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1972
| ToYr = 1974
| Assembly# = 29
| CanParty = Liberal
| RepName = Eugene Whelan
| RepTerms# = 4
| PartyTerms# = 4
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1974
| ToYr = 1979
| Assembly# = 30
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1979
| ToYr = 1980
| Assembly# = 31
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1980
| ToYr = 1984
| Assembly# = 32
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1984
| ToYr = 1988
| Assembly# = 33
| CanParty = NDP
| RepName = Steven W. Langdon
| RepTerms# = 2
| PartyTerms# = 2
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1988
| ToYr = 1993
| Assembly# = 34
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1993
| ToYr = 1997
| Assembly# = 35
| CanParty = Liberal
| RepName = Susan Whelan
| RepTerms# = 1
| PartyTerms# = 1
}}
{{CanMP nodata|Essex}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 1997
| ToYr = 2000
| Assembly# = 36
| CanParty = Liberal
| RepName = Susan Whelan
| RepTerms# = 2
| PartyTerms# = 2
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2000
| ToYr = 2004
| Assembly# = 37
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2004
| ToYr = 2006
| Assembly# = 38
| CanParty = Conservative
| RepName = Jeff Watson
| RepLink = Jeff Watson (politician)
| RepTerms# = 4
| PartyTerms# = 4
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2006
| ToYr = 2008
| Assembly# = 39
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2008
| ToYr = 2011
| Assembly# = 40
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2011
| ToYr = 2015
| Assembly# = 41
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2015
| ToYr = 2019
| Assembly# = 42
| CanParty = NDP
| RepName = Tracey Ramsey
| RepTerms# = 1
| PartyTerms# = 1
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2019
| ToYr = 2021
| Assembly# = 43
| CanParty = Conservative
| RepName = Chris Lewis
| RepLink = Chris Lewis (politician)
| RepTerms# = 2
| PartyTerms# = 2
}}
{{CanMP row
| FromYr = 2021
| ToYr = 
| Assembly# = 44
}}
{{CanMP end}}

== Demographics ==
''According to the [[2021 Canadian census]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-02-09 |title=Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Essex [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)], Ontario |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E |access-date=2023-03-10 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

'''Ethnic groups:''' 85.5% White, 4.1% Indigenous, 2.9% South Asian, 2.0% Arab, 1.4% Black, 1.2% Chinese

'''Languages:''' 82.5% English, 2.4% French, 1.8% Italian, 1.2% Arabic, 1.1% German

'''Religions:''' 68.6% Christian (42.7% Catholic, 4.2% Anglican, 3.9% United Church, 1.8% Christian Orthodox, 1.6% Baptist, 1.3% Pentecostal, 1.0% Presbyterian, 1.0% Lutheran, 11.1% Other), 2.5% Muslim, 1.0% Sikh, 26.6% None

'''Median income:''' $46,400 (2020)

'''Average income:''' $59,700 (2020)

==Election results==

===Essex 1996&ndash;present===
{{Image frame
| width = 900
| content = {{Graph:Chart
 | width=700
 | height=300
 | type=line
 | xAxisTitle=Year
 | yAxisTitle=Vote share
 | xAxisMin=1997
 | xAxisMax=2021
 | yAxisMin=0
 | yAxisMax=0.5
 | yAxisFormat=%
 | legend=Legend
 | y1Title=Liberal
 | y2Title=Conservative
 | y3Title=NDP
 | y4Title=Green
 | y5Title=PC
 | y6Title=Reform/Alliance
 | y7Title=People's
 | linewidth=2
 | x=1997,2000,2004,2006,2008,2011,2015,2019,2021
 | y1=0.461,0.443,0.35,0.341,0.291,0.142,0.2088,0.19,0.155
 | y2=,,0.366,0.404,0.4,0.481,0.3569,0.414, 0.411
 | y3=0.296,0.139,0.244,0.227,0.266,0.352,0.4142,0.346,0.318
 | y4=,,0.039,0.027,0.043,0.024,0.0188,0.032,0.012
 | y5=0.064,0.069
 | y6=0.179,0.346
 | y7=,,,,,,,0.018, 0.099
 | colors=#DC241f,#1c1cff,#FAA61A,#6AB023,#3686ff,#018a63,#440088
 | showSymbols=true }}
| caption=Graph of election results in Essex (1997-, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)
| align=center
}}

{{2021 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{2019 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{2015 Canadian federal election/Essex}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[2011 Canadian federal election|2011 federal election]] redistributed results<ref>[http://www.punditsguide.ca/riding.php?rid=1074 Pundits' Guide to Canadian Elections]</ref>
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="130px" colspan="2" | Party
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="50px" | Vote
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="30px" | %
|-
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Conservative|background}} | &nbsp;
| [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative]] ||align=right| 24,239 ||align=right| 48.27
|-
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|NDP|background}} | &nbsp;
| [[New Democratic Party|New Democratic]] ||align=right| 17,528 ||align=right| 34.90
|-
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Liberal|background}} | &nbsp;
| [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]] ||align=right| 7,162 ||align=right| 14.26
|-
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Green|background}} | &nbsp;
| [[Green Party of Canada|Green]] ||align=right| 1,217 ||align=right| 2.42
|-
| {{Canadian party colour|CA|Independents|background}} | &nbsp;
| Others ||align=right| 73 ||align=right| 0.15
|}
{{2011 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{2008 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{2006 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{2004 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{2000 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{1997 Canadian federal election/Essex}}

===Essex—Windsor 1970&ndash;1996===
{{Image frame
| width = 900
| content = {{Graph:Chart
 | width=700
 | height=300
 | type=line
 | xAxisTitle=Year
 | yAxisTitle=Vote share
 | xAxisMin=1968
 | xAxisMax=1993
 | yAxisMin=0
 | yAxisMax=0.6
 | yAxisFormat=%
 | legend=Legend
 | y1Title=Liberal
 | y2Title=PC
 | y3Title=NDP
 | y4Title=Reform
 | y5Title=Libertarian
 | linewidth=2
 | x=1968,1972,1974,1979,1980,1984,1988,1993
 | y1=0.497,0.48,0.552,0.443,0.513,0.291,0.413,0.551
 | y2=0.185,0.12,0.094,0.149,0.087,0.316,0.143,0.032
 | y3=0.318,0.4,0.355,0.404,0.398,0.393,0.441,0.277
 | y4=,,,,,,,0.132
 | colors=#DC241f,#3686ff,#faa61a,#21aa83
 | showSymbols=true }}
| caption=Graph of election results in Essex/Essex—Windsor (1968-1993, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)
| align=center
}}
{{1993 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}
{{1988 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}
{{1984 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}
{{1980 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}
{{1979 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}
{{1974 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}
{{1972 Canadian federal election/Essex—Windsor}}

===Essex 1966&ndash;1970===
{{1968 Canadian federal election/Essex}}

===Essex 1867&ndash;1882===
{{Image frame
| content = {{Graph:Chart
 | width=450
 | height=300
 | type=line
 | xAxisTitle=Year
 | yAxisTitle=Vote share
 | xAxisMin=1867
 | xAxisMax=1878
 | yAxisMin=0
 | yAxisMax=0.8
 | yAxisFormat=%
 | legend=Legend
 | y1Title=Liberal
 | y2Title=Hist. Conservative
 | y3Title=Unknown (>5%)
 | linewidth=2
 | x=1867,1872,1874,1874.5<!--1874 by-election-->,1878
 | y1=,,0.587,0.702,0.469
 | y2=0.501,0.618,0,0,0.525
 | y3=0.499,0.382,0.413,0.298
 | colors=#DC241f,#3686ff,#000000
 | showSymbols=true }}
| caption=Graph of election results in Essex (1867-1878, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)
| align=center
}}
{{1878 Canadian federal election/Essex}}

{{CANelec/top|CA|22 October 1874|by=yes|percent=yes|change=yes}}
{{CANelec/note|On Mr. McGregor being unseated on petition, 26 August 1874}}
{{CANelec|CA|Liberal|[[William McGregor (politician)|William McGregor]]| 1,763|70.2%	|+11.4%}}
{{CANelec|XX|Unknown|Jeremiah O'Connor | 750|29.8%	|-11.4%}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total valid votes|2,513 |100.0%}}
{{end}}
{{1874 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{1872 Canadian federal election/Essex}}
{{1867 Canadian federal election/Essex}}

==See also==
* [[List of Canadian federal electoral districts]]
* [[Historical federal electoral districts of Canada]]

==References==
*{{SCref|unit=fed|name=2011fed|access-date=2011-03-03|35021}}

===Notes===
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*Federal riding history from the [[Library of Parliament]]:
**[http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E&Search=Det&Include=Y&rid=211 Essex 1867-1882]
**[http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E&Search=Det&Include=Y&rid=212 Essex 1966-1972]
**[http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E&Search=Det&Include=Y&rid=218 Essex-Kent 1972-1996]
**[http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E&Search=Det&Include=Y&rid=1008 Essex 1996-present]
* [http://www.elections.ca Campaign expense data from Elections Canada]

{{Ridings in Southwestern Ontario}}
{{Ridings in Ontario}}

{{coord|42.128|N|82.787|W|display=title}}

[[Category:Ontario federal electoral districts]]
[[Category:Essex, Ontario]]
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