Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Fernie, British Columbia

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Other uses|Fernie (disambiguation)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2017}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = Fernie
| official_name            = The Corporation of the City of Fernie
| other_name               = 
| native_name              = 
| nickname                 = 
| settlement_type          = [[List of cities in British Columbia|City]]
| motto                    = "In montibus ad flumen"{{spaces|2}}{{small|([[Latin]])<br />"In the mountains by the river"}}
| image_skyline            = Fernie_BC_-_downtown_looking_south.jpg
| image_caption            = Downtown Fernie, looking south
| image_flag               = Flag of Fernie, Canada.svg
| flag_size                = 90px
| image_shield             = 
| pushpin_map              = Canada British Columbia<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->
| pushpin_label_position   = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location of Fernie in [[British Columbia]]
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = Canada
| subdivision_type1        = [[Provinces of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[British Columbia]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[Regions of Canada#British Columbia|Region]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Elk Valley (British Columbia)|Elk Valley]]/[[East Kootenay]]
| subdivision_type3        = [[List of regional districts of British Columbia|Regional district]]
| subdivision_name3        = [[Regional District of East Kootenay|East Kootenay]]
| subdivision_type4        = 
| subdivision_name4        = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = Mayor
| leader_name              = Nic Milligan
| leader_title1            = Governing body
| leader_name1             = Fernie City Council
| leader_title2            = [[House of Commons of Canada|MP]]
| leader_name2             = [[Rob Morrison (politician)|Rob Morrison]]
| leader_title3            = [[Legislative Assembly of British Columbia|MLA]]
| leader_name3             = [[Tom Shypitka]]
| established_title        = Established
| established_date         = 1904
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 13.50
| area_total_sq_mi         = 
| area_land_km2            = 
| population_as_of         = [[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]
| population_note          = 
| population_total         = 5,249<br />Ranked 692nd
| population_density_km2   = 
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| population_metro         = 7,192
| timezone                 = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|Mountain Standard (MST)]]
| utc_offset               = -7
| timezone_DST             = [[Mountain Daylight Time|Mountain Daylight (MDT)]]
| utc_offset_DST           = -6
| coordinates              = {{coord|49|30|15|N|115|03|46|W|region:CA-BC|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m              = 1010
| elevation_ft             = 3314
| postal_code_type         = Postal code span
| postal_code              = V0B 1M(0–6)
| area_code                = [[Area code 250|250]], [[Area code 778|778]], [[Area code 236|236]], [[Area code 672|672]]
| blank_name               = [[List of British Columbia provincial highways|Highways]]
| blank_info               = {{jct|state=BC|Hwy|3}}
| website                  = {{Official URL}}
| footnotes                = 
| image_blank_emblem       = City of Fernie Logo.svg
| blank_emblem_type        = Logo
}}
[[File:Fernie's welcome sign.JPG|thumb|Fernie's welcome sign]]

'''Fernie''' is a city in the [[Elk Valley (British Columbia)|Elk Valley]] area of the [[East Kootenay]] region of southeastern [[British Columbia]], Canada, located on [[British Columbia provincial highway 3|BC Highway 3]] on the western approaches to the [[Crowsnest Pass]] through the [[Canadian Rockies|Rocky Mountains]]. Founded in 1898 and [[Municipal corporation|incorporated]] as the '''City of Fernie''' in July 1904, the [[municipality]] has a population of over 5,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901012&Geo2=PR&Code2=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Fernie&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1|title = Census Profile, 2016 Census - Fernie, City &#91;Census subdivision&#93;, British Columbia and Alberta &#91;Province&#93;|date = 8 February 2017}}</ref> with an additional 2,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901017&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=hosmer&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census - East Kootenay A, Regional district electoral area &#91;Census subdivision&#93;, British Columbia and British Columbia &#91;Province&#93;|date=8 February 2017}}</ref> outside city limits in communities under the jurisdiction of the [[Regional District of East Kootenay, British Columbia|Regional District of East Kootenay]]. A substantial seasonal population swells the city during the winter months.

Fernie lies on the [[Elk River (British Columbia)|Elk River]], along [[Canada]]'s southernmost east-west transportation corridor through the [[Rocky Mountains|Rockies]] that crosses the range via the [[Crowsnest Pass]], {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=off}} to the east. As the largest and longest-established community between [[Cranbrook, British Columbia|Cranbrook]] and [[Lethbridge]], Fernie serves as a minor regional centre, particularly for its fellow [[Elk Valley (British Columbia)|Elk Valley]] communities.

==Geography==
[[File:FernieFrom3Sisters.JPG|thumb|right|The city of Fernie, BC seen from Three Sisters mountain]]
Fernie is the only city-class municipality in [[Canada]] that is fully encircled by the [[Rocky Mountains]]. The townsite was laid out in the crook of a doglegged [[glacial valley]] that today is drained by the [[Elk River (British Columbia)|Elk River]]. Three tributaries of the Elk—[[Coal Creek (British Columbia)|Coal]], [[Lizard Creek (Elk River)|Lizard]], and Fairy Creeks—rise in its [[side valley]]s and join the Elk either within or in close proximity to the townsite.

To the north of the city lie [[Mount Fernie]], Mount Klauer, [[Three Sisters (Elk Valley)|The Three Sisters]] and [[Mount Proctor]]. To the northeast is [[Mount Hosmer (British Columbia)|Mount Hosmer]], to the east is Fernie Ridge, to the southeast is [[Morrissey Ridge]] (and its notable outcropping, [[Castle Mountain (British Columbia)|Castle Mountain]]) and to the southwest are the various peaks of the [[Lizard Range]]. Fernie gives the name to the [[Jurassic]]-Age [[Fernie Formation]]. The Lizard Range is home to [[Fernie Alpine Resort]], one of the largest [[ski resort]]s in Canada, and [[Island Lake Catskiing]], a resort.

==History==
[[File:fernie downtown.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Three Sisters (Elk Valley)|Three Sisters]] and [[Mount Proctor]], as seen from central Fernie]]
While the slopes of the mountains are the present focus of economic activity, until comparatively recently residents of the area were more interested in the mountains' innards. The vast Crowsnest Coal Field lies just to the east of the city, and Fernie owes its origins to nineteenth-century prospector William Fernie, who established the [[coal]] industry that continues to exist to this day. Acting on pioneer Michael Phillips' twin discoveries of coal and the [[Crowsnest Pass]] a few years earlier, Fernie founded the Crows Nest Pass Coal Company in 1897 and established a temporary encampment near [[Coal Creek, British Columbia|Coal Creek]].  The [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] arrived in the valley the following year, and a townsite emerged parallel to the railway line slightly north of the initial encampment, or "Old Town."<ref name = Akrigg>{{Citation | last1 =Akrigg | first1 =G.P.V. | last2 =Akrigg | first2 =Helen B. | title =British Columbia Place Names | place =Vancouver | publisher =UBC Press | year =1986 | edition =3rd, 1997 | isbn =0-7748-0636-2 | url-access =registration | url =https://archive.org/details/britishcolumbiap0000akri_w1q9 }}</ref>{{rp|80}}

On May 23, 1902, a coal mine explosion killed 109 miners at the Crow's Nest Coal Mining Company.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gendisasters.com/british-columbia/12386/fernie-bc-coal-mine-explosion-may-1902 |title="Fernie BC Coal Mine Explosion May 1902" |access-date=2019-12-26 |archive-date=2019-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226225959/http://www.gendisasters.com/british-columbia/12386/fernie-bc-coal-mine-explosion-may-1902 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  The disaster, one of the worst mining accidents in Canadian history, is largely forgotten in Fernie and overlooked by local historians after more than a century.  During World War One, an [[internment camp]] for prisoners of war was set up at rented premises in Fernie from June 1915 to October 1918.<ref>{{cite web|title=Internment Camps in Canada during the First and Second World Wars, Library and Archives Canada   |date=11 June 2014|url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/the-public/005-1142.27-e.html}}</ref>

Underground coal [[mining|mines]] were dug {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=off}} away from the townsite in the narrow [[Coal Creek, British Columbia|Coal Creek]] valley and until 1960 a small satellite community was known as [[Coal Creek, British Columbia|Coal Creek]] stood adjacent to them. A variety of other mines were sunk into the coal fields in a fifty-kilometre radius in the following two decades. No mining was ever carried out in Fernie proper; [[coke (fuel)|coking]] of Coal Creek coal was carried out at the townsite, but otherwise, the town developed into an administrative and commercial centre for the burgeoning industry. [[Forestry]] played a smaller role in the local economy and a local [[brewery]] produced [[Fernie Beer]] from Brewery Creek (mountain spring water).

Like most single-industry towns, Fernie endured several boom-and-bust cycles throughout the twentieth century, generally tied to the global price of coal. The mines at [[Coal Creek, British Columbia|Coal Creek]] closed permanently by 1960 and the focus of mining activity shifted to Michel and [[Natal, British Columbia|Natal]] about {{convert|25|km|mi|abbr=off|spell=in}} upriver, which sat on a more productive portion of the Crowsnest Coal Field. Kaiser Resources opened immense [[open-pit mining|open-pit mines]] there in the 1970s to meet new [[metallurgical coal]] contracts for the Asian industrial market, predominantly for use in [[blast furnace]]s. Fernie would remain an important residential base for mine labour, along with the new communities of [[Sparwood, British Columbia|Sparwood]] and [[Elkford, British Columbia|Elkford]] that sprang up much closer to these new mines. Today, [[Teck Resources]] operates four open-pit mines, shipping out unit trains (often with more than 100 cars) along the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] through Fernie to the Pacific Coast, where the coal is loaded onto freighters at [[Roberts Bank Superport]] in [[Delta, British Columbia|Delta]].

=== Flathead Valley avalanches <span class="anchor" id="2008 Flathead Valley avalanches"></span> ===
The Flathead Valley avalanches were two [[avalanche]]s that buried 11 [[snowmobile]]rs near Fernie on December 28, 2008.  The avalanches ultimately claimed the lives of eight of the riders.<ref name="CNN7Bodies">{{cite news | url = http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/americas/12/29/canada.avalanche/index.html | title = 7 Bodies Found after Canadian Avalanches | publisher = [[CNN]] | date = 2008-12-30 | access-date = 2008-12-30}}</ref>

==Architectural heritage==
After a disastrous fire levelled much of the downtown core in 1904, the fledgling municipal government passed an ordinance requiring all buildings in the area to be built of 'fireproof' materials like brick and stone. Consequently, a new city centre rose from the ashes sporting brick buildings along broad avenues that would have looked more at home in a sedate and refined Victorian city than a rough-and-tumble frontier [[coal town]]. They were short-lived, however, as a second, larger inferno swept through the city on August 1, 1908. Whipped up by sudden winds, a nearby [[forest fire]] burnt its way into a [[lumber]] yard on the edge of the community and sparked a [[Bombing of Dresden in World War II|Dresden-style firestorm]] that melted brick and mortar and essentially erased the entire city in an afternoon. There were few casualties however and for a second time, a stately brick downtown core rose from the ashes. Today, these historic buildings, most of which still stand, are a treasured and distinctive feature of the community.

==Sports==
Summer in Fernie is generally far quieter than the winter months, though [[mountain biking]], [[fly fishing]] and [[golf]] are increasingly important tourist draws.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ <!-- initially sorted by date established -->
|-
! scope="col" | Club
! scope="col" | League
! scope="col" | Sport
! scope="col" | Venue
! scope="col" | Established
! scope="col" | Championships
|-
! scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;" | [[Fernie Ghostriders]]
| {{center|[[Kootenay International Junior Hockey League|KIJHL]]}}
| [[Ice hockey]]
| Fernie Memorial Arena
| {{center|1991}}
| {{center|3}}
|}

===Fernie Memorial Arena disaster===
On October 17, 2017, there was an [[ammonia]] leak at the Fernie Memorial Arena which killed three workers (two City of Fernie employees and one CIMCO refrigeration employee from Calgary) during the [[Fernie Ghostriders|Ghostriders]]' regular season. Because of this tragedy, the City of Fernie declared a state of emergency and people had to evacuate the area for days. The 'Riders were relocated because of this to the Elk Valley Leisure Centre in [[Sparwood, British Columbia]] during the 2017–18 KIJHL season until the City of Fernie decided what to do.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-ice-rink-where-3-people-died-remains-closed-due-to-safety-concerns-1.4366207| title = B.C. ice rink where 3 people died remains closed due to safety concerns {{!}} CBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/fernie-rink-still-closed-as-rcmp-investigation-continues-into-deaths-of-three-men|title = Fernie rink still closed as RCMP investigation continues into deaths of three men}}</ref> The City of Fernie decided to replace ammonia for a synthetic refrigerant prior to the 2018–19 KIJHL season and moved the team back to the Fernie Memorial Arena.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/calgary-company-chosen-to-replace-refrigeration-plant-at-fernie-arena-1.3865913|title=Calgary company chosen to replace refrigeration plant at Fernie arena|date=2018-03-30|work=Calgary|access-date=2018-07-21|language=en-CA}}</ref>

==Notable people==
The following people were born, raised in or reside in Fernie:

*[[Angie Abdou]], Canadian fiction writer
*[[Emily Brydon]], retired Olympic alpine skier
*[[Shane Churla]], [[Stanley Cup]] finalist
*[[James Gladstone]], the first Status Indian to be appointed to the [[Senate of Canada]]
*[[Ivy Granstrom]], blind Canadian [[Masters athletics|Masters athlete]]
*[[George Wayne Haddad]], Canadian politician and Fernie's past [[Legislative Assembly of British Columbia|MLA]]
*[[Cal Hockley]], retired [[1961 World Ice Hockey Championships|gold medal winning]] hockey player
*[[Frank Hughes (ice hockey)|Frank Hughes]], retired [[National Hockey League|NHL]] and [[World Hockey Association|WHA]] hockey player
*[[Craig Kelly (snowboarder)|Craig Kelly]], professional snowboarder
*[[Jason Krog]], [[Stanley Cup]] finalist
*[[Florence Lassandro]], Italian-Canadian bootlegger
*[[David LeNeveu]], Stanley Cup finalist
*[[Alex Lifeson]], guitarist of [[Rush (band)|Rush]]
*[[Bill Lindsay]], Stanley Cup finalist
*[[Eric Munn]], sixth [[Diocese of Caledonia|Bishop of Caledonia]]
*[[Emilio Picariello]], Italian-Canadian bootlegger
*[[Danielle Poleschuk]], Canadian freestyle skier
*[[Garth Rizzuto]], retired NHL and WHA hockey player
*[[William Roderick Ross]], Canadian politician and Fernie's [[Legislative Assembly of British Columbia|MLA]]
*[[Darren Servatius]], retired [[All-American Hockey League|AAHL]] and [[ECHL]] defencemen
*[[Dan Smith (ice hockey)|Dan Smith]], retired NHL hockey player
*[[Stanford Smith]], Stanley Cup champion
*[[Alfred Stork]], Canadian politician and Fernie's past mayor and [[Legislative Assembly of British Columbia|MLA]]
*[[Tom Uphill]], Canadian politician and Fernie's past mayor and [[Legislative Assembly of British Columbia|MLA]]

== Local media ==
===Newspapers===

* '''e-know''' - ''East Kootenay news online weekly''
* '''Fernie Fix''' - ''monthly glossy magazine''
* '''[[Black Press|The Free Press]]''' - ''weekly paper''

===Radio stations===

* '''107.9 FM''' - [[CFSM-FM|2Day FM]], ''modern adult contemporary''
* '''103.5 FM''' - [[CJAY-FM|CJAY 92]], ''active rock''
* '''99.1 FM''' - [[CJDR-FM|The Drive]], ''active rock''
* '''97.7 FM''' - [[CBTN-FM|CBC Radio One]], ''public news/talk''
* '''92.7 FM''' - [[CFBZ-FM|B104]], ''country''

===Cable television===
[[Rogers Communications]] operates a cable system serving Fernie. The cable system offers most major channels from [[Vancouver]] and [[Calgary]], as well as local programming on [[Rogers TV]] channel 10.

== Schools and colleges ==
[[School District 5 Southeast Kootenay]] operates the following public schools in Fernie:
* [[Isabella Dicken Elementary School]] (Grades K-6)
* [[Fernie Secondary School]] (Grades 7-12)

The ''[[Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique]]'' operates one Francophone school: ''école Sophie-Morigeau'' primary school.<ref>"[http://www.csf.bc.ca/ecoles/en-colombie-britannique/carte-des-ecoles/ Carte des écoles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150817050550/http://www.csf.bc.ca/ecoles/en-colombie-britannique/carte-des-ecoles/ |date=2015-08-17 }}." ''[[Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique]]''. Retrieved on 22 January 2015.</ref><ref>[http://sophiemorigeau.csf.bc.ca/ Home page]. L’école Sophie-Morigeau.</ref>

Private schools:
* The Fernie Academy (Grades K-12)

Post-secondary:
* [[College of the Rockies]]

==Demographics==
In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Fernie had a population of 6,320 living in 2,597 of its 3,256 total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:6320-5396}}|5396|1}} from its 2016 population of 5,396. With a land area of {{cvt|15.11|km2}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|6320|15.11|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000259 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), British Columbia | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=February 20, 2022}}</ref>

=== Ethnicity ===
{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in the City of Fernie (1986−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB"/>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2021-10-27 |title= Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901012&Geo2=CD&Code2=5901&SearchText=Fernie&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2015-11-27 |title= NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901012&Data=Count&SearchText=Fernie&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-08-20 |title= 2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901012&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=Fernie&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-07-02 |title= 2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901012&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=Fernie&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1996<ref name="1996censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-06-04 |title= Electronic Area Profiles Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions, 1996 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census96/data/profiles/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=35782&PRID=0&PTYPE=3&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=1996&THEME=34&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1991<ref name="1991census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-03-29 |title= 1991 Census Area Profiles Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions - Part B |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census91/data/profiles/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=1&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=30&PRID=0&PTYPE=3&S=0&SHOWALL=No&SUB=0&Temporal=1991&THEME=113&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="1991censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-03-29 |title= Data tables, 1991 Census Population by Ethnic Origin (24), Showing Single and Multiple Origins (2) - Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census91/data/tables/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=1&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=61&PRID=0&PTYPE=4&S=0&SHOWALL=No&SUB=0&Temporal=1991&THEME=104&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1986<ref name="1986censusA">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-06-27
|title= Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census - Part A |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census86/data/tables/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=1&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=113684&PRID=0&PTYPE=113679&S=0&SHOWALL=No&SUB=0&Temporal=1986&THEME=133&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="1986censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-06-27
|title= Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census - Part B |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census86/data/tables/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=1&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=113685&PRID=0&PTYPE=113679&S=0&SHOWALL=No&SUB=0&Temporal=1986&THEME=133&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="indigenous1986">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2013-04-03
|title= Canada's aboriginal population by census subdivisions from the 1986 Census of Canada |url=https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.697442/publication.html |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>{{rp|97}}
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name=euro}}
| 5,465
| {{Percentage | 5465 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 4,680
| {{Percentage | 4680 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 4,030
| {{Percentage | 4030 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 3,900
| {{Percentage | 3900 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 4,265
| {{Percentage | 4265 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 4,710
| {{Percentage | 4710 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 4,660
| {{Percentage | 4660 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 4,845
| {{Percentage | 4845 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 270
| {{Percentage | 270 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 300
| {{Percentage | 300 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 200
| {{Percentage | 200 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 165
| {{Percentage | 165 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 145
| {{Percentage | 145 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 55
| {{Percentage | 55 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 220
| {{Percentage | 220 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 120
| {{Percentage | 120 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name=EastAsian}}
| 175
| {{Percentage | 175 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 55
| {{Percentage | 55 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 65
| {{Percentage | 65 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 110
| {{Percentage | 110 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 40
| {{Percentage | 40 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 55
| {{Percentage | 55 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 115
| {{Percentage | 115 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 30
| {{Percentage | 30 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 100
| {{Percentage | 100 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asia|Southeast Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name=SoutheastAsian}}
| 95
| {{Percentage | 95 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 60
| {{Percentage | 60 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 30
| {{Percentage | 30 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[African-Canadian|African]]
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 50
| {{Percentage | 50 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name=MiddleEastern}}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 4815 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4945 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 5130 | 2 }}
|-
| Other/[[Multiracial people|Multiracial]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name=Other}}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 6180 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 5155 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4360 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4145 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4550 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 4815 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
! Total responses
! 6,180
! {{Percentage | 6180 | 6320 | 2 }}
! 5,155
! {{Percentage | 5155 | 5396 | 2 }}
! 4,360
! {{Percentage | 4360 | 4448 | 2 }}
! 4,145
! {{Percentage | 4145 | 4217 | 2 }}
! 4,550
! {{Percentage | 4550 | 4611 | 2 }}
! 4,815
! {{Percentage | 4815 | 4898 | 2 }}
! 4,945
! {{Percentage | 4945 | 5012 | 2 }}
! 5,130
! {{Percentage | 5130 | 5188 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 6,320
! {{Percentage | 6320 | 6320 | 2 }}
! 5,396
! {{Percentage | 5396 | 5396 | 2 }}
! 4,448
! {{Percentage | 4448 | 4448 | 2 }}
! 4,217
! {{Percentage | 4217 | 4217 | 2 }}
! 4,611
! {{Percentage | 4611 | 4611 | 2 }}
! 4,898
! {{Percentage | 4898 | 4898 | 2 }}
! 5,012
! {{Percentage | 5012 | 5012 | 2 }}
! 5,188
! {{Percentage | 5188 | 5188 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="20" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}
|}

=== Religion ===
According to the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 census]], religious groups in Fernie included:<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title= Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Fernie&DGUIDlist=2021A00055901012&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
*[[Irreligion in Canada|Irreligion]] (4,005 persons or 64.9%)
*[[Christianity in Canada|Christianity]] (2,010 persons or 32.6%)
*[[Hinduism in Canada|Hinduism]] (65 persons or 1.1%)
*[[Sikhism in Canada|Sikhism]] (35 persons or 0.6%)
*[[Buddhism in Canada|Buddhism]] (20 persons or 0.3%)
*[[Judaism in Canada|Judaism]] (15 persons or 0.2%)
*Other (20 persons or 0.3%)

==Climate==
Fernie has a cool and wet [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb'') with warm summer days, cool summer nights along with cold and snowy winters. Influenced by [[chinook winds]] and being to the west of the continent, Fernie's winters are mild for its latitude in [[North America]], although the climate is a lot more continental than coastal British Columbia.

{{Weather box
|location = Fernie
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 15.0
|Feb record high C = 15.5
|Mar record high C = 21.0
|Apr record high C = 28.9
|May record high C = 33.0
|Jun record high C = 36.1
|Jul record high C = 36.0
|Aug record high C = 36.0
|Sep record high C = 33.0
|Oct record high C = 28.0
|Nov record high C = 18.3
|Dec record high C = 12.5
|year record high C = 36.1
|Jan high C = -0.7
|Feb high C = 1.6
|Mar high C = 6.5
|Apr high C = 11.9
|May high C = 16.9
|Jun high C = 20.6
|Jul high C = 25.1
|Aug high C = 25.1
|Sep high C = 19.3
|Oct high C = 11.6
|Nov high C = 2.9
|Dec high C = -1.9
|year high C = 11.6
|Jan mean C = -5.2
|Feb mean C = -3.8
|Mar mean C = 0.8
|Apr mean C = 5.4
|May mean C = 9.9
|Jun mean C = 13.6
|Jul mean C = 16.8
|Aug mean C = 16.3
|Sep mean C = 11.3
|Oct mean C = 5.5
|Nov mean C = -1.1
|Dec mean C = -6.1
|year mean C = 5.3
|Jan low C = -9.6
|Feb low C = -9.2
|Mar low C = -4.9
|Apr low C = -1.1
|May low C = 2.8
|Jun low C = 6.6
|Jul low C = 8.4
|Aug low C = 7.4
|Sep low C = 3.3
|Oct low C = -0.7
|Nov low C = -5.0
|Dec low C = -10.1
|year low C = -1.0
|Jan record low C = -39.4
|Feb record low C = -40.0
|Mar record low C = -32.8
|Apr record low C = -20.0
|May record low C = -11.0
|Jun record low C = -2.2
|Jul record low C = 0.0
|Aug record low C = -2.0
|Sep record low C = -18.3
|Oct record low C = -24.4
|Nov record low C = -32.2
|Dec record low C = -41.7
|year record low C = -41.7
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 139.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 88.0
|Mar precipitation mm = 97.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 92.8
|May precipitation mm = 91.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 110.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 67.0
|Aug precipitation mm = 51.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 75.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 115.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 179.1
|Dec precipitation mm = 117.7
|year precipitation mm = 1227.1
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 55.8
|Feb rain mm = 41.5
|Mar rain mm = 60.6
|Apr rain mm = 80.0
|May rain mm = 88.8
|Jun rain mm = 109.8
|Jul rain mm = 67.0
|Aug rain mm = 51.9
|Sep rain mm = 75.4
|Oct rain mm = 109.4
|Nov rain mm = 123.0
|Dec rain mm = 39.0
|year rain mm = 902.2
|snow colour = green
|Jan snow cm = 83.5
|Feb snow cm = 46.4
|Mar snow cm = 37.2
|Apr snow cm = 12.9
|May snow cm = 3.1
|Jun snow cm = 0.2
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 0.4
|Oct snow cm = 6.4
|Nov snow cm = 56.2
|Dec snow cm = 78.7
|year snow cm = 324.9
|unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 15.0
|Feb precipitation days = 11.0
|Mar precipitation days = 12.8
|Apr precipitation days = 12.5
|May precipitation days = 14.5
|Jun precipitation days = 16.1
|Jul precipitation days = 10.0
|Aug precipitation days = 9.2
|Sep precipitation days = 9.2
|Oct precipitation days = 12.5
|Nov precipitation days = 15.0
|Dec precipitation days = 13.3
|year precipitation days = 151.0
|unit rain days = 0.2 mm
|Jan rain days = 4.9
|Feb rain days = 4.4
|Mar rain days = 8.6
|Apr rain days = 11.2
|May rain days = 14.2
|Jun rain days = 16.1
|Jul rain days = 10.0
|Aug rain days = 9.2
|Sep rain days = 9.2
|Oct rain days = 11.7
|Nov rain days = 9.2
|Dec rain days = 3.6
|year rain days= 112.1
|unit snow days = 0.2 cm
|Jan snow days = 12.0
|Feb snow days = 8.2
|Mar snow days = 6.4
|Apr snow days = 2.7
|May snow days = 0.7
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.1
|Oct snow days = 1.6
|Nov snow days = 7.7
|Dec snow days = 11.4
|year snow days = 50.7
|source 1 = <ref name=climatedata >{{cite web |url= http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=1180&lang=e&amp;StationName=fernie&amp;SearchType=Contains&amp;stnNameSubmit=go&dCode=4&dispBack=1|title=Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data |date=25 September 2013 |publisher= Environment Canada |access-date=January 15, 2016 }}</ref>|date=January 15, 2016
}}

==See also==
*[[Coal Creek, British Columbia]], The Ghost Town
*[[Coal Creek (British Columbia)]], The Creek
*[[List of francophone communities in British Columbia]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Americana Poster|Fernie}}
*{{Official website}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Fernie}}

{{Subdivisions of British Columbia|city=yes}}
{{Canadian Rockies}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in British Columbia]]
[[Category:Elk Valley (British Columbia)]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Regional District of East Kootenay]]
{{Навигационная таблица/Портал/Английская Википедия}}
[[Категория:Английская Википедия]]
[[Категория:Википедия]]
[[Категория:Статья из Википедии]]
[[Категория:Статья из Английской Википедии]]