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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{short description|Filipino Cardinal and Archbishop Emeritus of Manila}}
{{Philippine name|Borbon|Rosales}}
{{Use Philippine English|date=April 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| name = Gaudencio Borbón Rosales
| honorific-suffix = [[Doctor of Divinity|D.D.]]
| title = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]<br>[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop Emeritus of Manila]]
| image = Cardinal Rosales.jpg
| caption = Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales, circa 2006
| province = Manila ([[Emeritus]])
| see = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]] ([[Emeritus]])
| appointed = September 15, 2003
| enthroned = November 21, 2003
| ended = October 13, 2011
| predecessor = [[Jaime Sin]]
| successor = [[Luis Antonio Tagle]]
| other_post = [[Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina|Cardinal-Priest of Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina]]
| ordination = March 23, 1958
| ordained_by = Alejandro Olalia
| consecration = October 28, 1974
| consecrated_by = [[Bruno Torpigliani]]
| cardinal = March 24, 2006
| rank = [[Cardinal-Priest]]
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Benedict XVI]]
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1932|8|10}}
| birth_place = [[Batangas City|Batangas]], [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands|Philippine Islands]]
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| buried = 
| nationality = [[Philippines|Filipino]]
| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]
| residence = 
| parents = 
| spouse = 
| children = 
| occupation = 
| previous_post = Auxiliary Bishop of Manila (1974–1984) <br> Bishop of Malaybalay (1984–1992) <br> [[Archdiocese of Lipa|Archbishop of Lipa]] (1993–2003)
| profession = Priesthood/Roman Catholic Cardinal-Priest
| alma_mater = [[Ateneo de Manila University|San Jose Seminary]]
| signature = 
| coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Gaudencio Rosales.svg
| motto = {{lang|la|Si mortuum fuerit, fructum affert}}<br>('If it dies, it bears fruit.', {{Bibleverse|John|12:24}})
| honorific-prefix = [[His Eminence]]
}}
{{Ordination
| ordained deacon by   =
| date of diaconal ordination =
| place of diaconal ordination =
| ordained priest by   = [[Alejandro Ayson Olalia]] ([[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa|Lipa]])
| date of priestly ordination = March 23, 1958
| place of priestly ordination = [[Lipa, Batangas]]
| consecrated by       = Archbishop Bruno Torpigliani 
| co-consecrators      = [[Jaime Sin]] ([[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]].)<br />[[Ricardo Vidal]] ([[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa|Lipa]])
| date of consecration = October 28, 1974
| date of elevation    = March 26, 2006
| bishop 1             = [[Mylo Hubert Vergara]]
| consecration date 1  = February 12, 2005
| bishop 2             = [[Pablo Virgilio David]]
| consecration date 2  = July 10, 2006
| bishop 3             = [[Broderick Pabillo]]
| consecration date 3  = August 19, 2006
| bishop 4             = [[Elenito Galido]]
| consecration date 4  = September 8, 2006
| bishop 5             = [[Leopoldo Jaucian]], S.V.D.
| consecration date 5  = March 26, 2007
| bishop 6             = [[Francisco De Leon]]
| consecration date 6  = September 1, 2007
| bishop 7             = [[Ruperto Santos]]
| consecration date 7  = June 25, 2010
| bishop 8             = [[Marcelino Antonio Maralit]]
| consecration date 8  = March 13, 2015
| bishop 9             = [[Socrates Mesiona]], M.S.P.
| consecration date 9  = February 10, 2017
| bishop 10            = [[Louie Galbines]]
| consecration date 10 = May 28, 2018
}}
{{Infobox cardinal styles
| cardinal name = Gaudencio B. Cardinal Rosales
| dipstyle      = [[His Eminence]]
| offstyle      = Your Eminence
| relstyle      = [[Monsignor]]
| See           = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]] ([[Emeritus]])
| deathstyle    =
| image         = Coat of arms of Gaudencio Rosales.svg
| image_size    = 200px
}}

'''Gaudencio Borbón Rosales''' (born August 10, 1932<ref name=Miranda>{{cite web|last=Miranda|first=Salvador|title=ROSALES, Gaudencio Borbon|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios2006.htm#Rosales|website=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|access-date=August 10, 2016|archive-date=January 22, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180122194151/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios2006.htm%23Vallini#Rosales|url-status=dead}}</ref>) is a [[Filipinos|Filipino]] [[Roman Catholic]] [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] who was [[Archbishop of Manila]], succeeding [[Jaime Sin]] in 2003, and succeeded by [[Luis Antonio Tagle]] in 2011. Being the [[Metropolitan bishop|Metropolitan]] of the ecclesiastical province of Manila, he was the 31st archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]] and the fourth native Filipino to hold the post, following centuries of [[Spain|Spanish]], [[United States|American]], and [[Ireland|Irish]] prelates. During his last year as archbishop, he was concurrently named apostolic administrator of the [[Diocese of Pasig]] from December 21, 2010 to June 23, 2011, a post he accepted after the resignation of Pasig's first bishop, [[Francisco San Diego]].

==Early life and priestly ministry==
Rosales was born in the then-town of [[Batangas City|Batangas]], [[Batangas]]. Rosales' grandfathers were Julián Rosales, a former mayor of the town of Batangas and Pablo Borbón, a former [[Governor of Batangas|provincial governor of Batangas]]. Rosales' father, Dr. Godofredo Dilay Rosales, was one of the first Filipino physicians to acquire his medical school and residency training exclusively in the [[United States of America]], after which he returned home to practice in Batangas City. Rosales' mother, Remedios Mayo Borbón, was a first cousin of the nationalist [[Claro M. Recto]]. He is the third of seven siblings, the others being Rosie, Guillermo (deceased), Gabriel, Tessie, Gilbert and Mary Grace.

He attended his elementary education at Batangas Elementary School and St. Bridget's Grade School and his secondary education at Batangas High School. As a boy, he wanted already to become a priest. He studied theology at the San José Seminary and had as classmates two other future bishops: Bishop Severino Pelayo, later [[Military Ordinariate of the Philippines|Military Ordinary of the Philippines]], and Bishop Benjamin Almoneda, later [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Daet|Bishop of Daet]]. On March 23, 1958, he was ordained priest by Lipa Bishop Alejandro Olalia and then assigned to teach for 12 years at St. Francis Minor Seminary, the seminary of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa|Diocese of Lipa]]. In 1970, he was given his first parish assignment, the St. Vincent Ferrer Parish in the obscure [[Barangay]] Banay-banay in [[Lipa, Batangas|Lipa]]. In 1972, he was assigned as parish priest of the [[Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception (Batangas City)|Immaculate Conception Parish]] in Batangas City.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cbcponline.net/most-rev-gaudencio-rosales/|title=Gaudencio B. Cardinal Rosales, D.D.|website=Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines|accessdate=August 11, 2022}}</ref>

==Bishop==
In 1974, Rosales was named auxiliary bishop of Manila, the first [[Batangueño]] to be named such. Bishop Rosales received his [[crosier]] from the [[Vicar General]] of Lipa [[Venerable]] [[Alfredo Obviar|Alfredo María Obviar]] (later [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lucena|Bishop of Lucena]]) and has used it ever since. He took care of the ecclesiastical district of East [[Antipolo]] in [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]], as well as [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]], [[Mandaluyong]], and Grace Park in [[Caloocan]]. Rosales was consecrated [[bishop]] of the [[titular see]] of Oescus in a ceremony on October 28, 1974, and in 1980 was appointed rector of the archdiocesan major seminary, [[San Carlos Seminary]]. On June 9, 1982, he was named coadjutor bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Malaybalay|Malaybalay]] in [[Bukidnon]] and was later canonically installed as its second bishop on September 14, 1984, after the resignation of Bishop Francisco F. Claver.

==Archbishop of Lipa and of Manila==
When Archbishop Mariano Gaviola of Lipa retired, Rosales was appointed his successor on December 30, 1992, bringing the latter back to the diocese where he began his ministry. With the announced retirement of Cardinal [[Jaime Sin]], Rosales was named archbishop of Manila by [[Pope John Paul II]] on September 15, 2003. He was installed on November 21, 2003.

==Cardinal==
Rosales's elevation to the [[College of Cardinals]] was announced on February 22, 2006. Archbishop Antonio Franco, the [[Apostolic Nunciature to the Philippines|Apostolic Nuncio]], personally made the announcement at Manila Cathedral during a [[Mass (liturgy)|Mass]] for the 40th anniversary of the [[Focolare Movement]].

[[Pope Benedict XVI]] created Rosales [[Cardinal (Catholicism)#Cardinal priests|cardinal-priest]] of ''[[List of titular churches in Rome|Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina]]'' in the consistory of March 24, 2006. Rosales joined 14 others, two of them Asians, as the newest members of the College of Cardinals. Pope Benedict told the new cardinals, "I want to sum up the meaning of this new call that you have received in the word which I placed at the heart of my first Encyclical: caritas. This matches well the color of your cardinal's robes. May the scarlet that you now wear always express the caritas Christi, inspiring you to a passionate love for Christ, for his Church and for all humanity." A little later, Benedict added, "I am counting on you, dear Brother Cardinals, to ensure that the principle of love will spread far and wide, and will give new life to the Church at every level of her hierarchy, in every group of the faithful, in every [[religious institute]], in every spiritual, apostolic or humanitarian initiative."{{cn|date=May 2023}}

On February 3, 2007, Rosales was appointed for a five-year term on the 15-member Council of Cardinals for the Study of Organizational and Economic Concerns of the Apostolic See. In 2008, Cardinal Rosales offered his resignation from the governance of the archdiocese, as required under [[canon law]] on reaching the age of 75, but Cardinal [[Giovanni Battista Re]] communicated that the Holy See had not accepted it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/54988/news/nation/vatican-rejects-rosales-resignation-as-manila-bishop/|title=Vatican rejects Rosales' resignation as Manila bishop|website=GMA News Online|date=August 8, 2007 |language=en-US|access-date=March 30, 2020}}</ref> In the same year also, Cardinal Rosales invited [[Pope Benedict XVI]] to visit the Philippines, being the third largest Catholic nation in the world; however, the pope declined due to heavy schedule.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.adnkronos.com/|title=Adnkronos {{!}} News in tempo reale, video e e ultime notizie|website=www.adnkronos.com|access-date=March 30, 2020}}</ref>

On October 13, 2011, two months after his 79th birthday, Pope Benedict XVI finally accepted his resignation and appointed the then-[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Imus|Bishop of Imus]], [[Luis Antonio Tagle]], as his successor. On August 10, 2012, along with the celebration of his 80th birthday, he lost his eligibility to vote on any future conclaves and thus, did not participate in the [[Papal conclave, 2013|2013 conclave]] that elected [[Pope Francis]].

==Views==

===Government===
Archbishop Rosales expressed support for charter change but condemned politicians pushing their personal agenda in amending the constitution. When the state of national emergency was proclaimed, he would ask Filipinos to pray for peace and unity in the country and expressed hopes that the government will not abuse and curtail the rights of the people.

===National Statistics Office===
In 2007, Cardinal Rosales argued against the National Statistics Office (NSO) requirement that all solemnizing officers/priests undergo training before conducting  wedding ceremonies. He said: "We understand the concern of the National Statistics Office (NSO) because we also know of abuses done by the so-called ministers of the Gospel (not priests), but they should not be like that to us, as if we know nothing."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/73940/news/nation/cardinal-rosales-to-nso-priests-know-best-in-sanctifying-marriage/|title=Cardinal Rosales to NSO: Priests know best in sanctifying marriage|website=GMA News Online|date=December 23, 2007 |language=en-US|access-date=March 30, 2020}}</ref>

===Gay parades===
In 2008, Rosales clashed with [[Ang Ladlad]] founder Danton Remoto on the subject of allowing gays to participate, in [[drag (clothing)|drag]], in the [[Flores de Mayo]] celebration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-church-idUSMAN17960720080505|title=Manila bishop says against gay men in May parade|date=May 5, 2008|work=Reuters|access-date=March 30, 2020|language=en}}</ref> Rosales threatened parishes that permit cross-dressing homosexuals to play [[Helena (empress)|Saint Helena]] or female saints in the Santacruzan or Flores de Mayo procession with official punishment and removal from [[Mass (liturgy)|Mass]].<ref>[http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2008/may/06/yehey/top_stories/20080506top6.html manilatimes.net, Cardinal: Gays out of ‘Santacruzans’]</ref>

===Implementing ''Summorum Pontificum''===
The guidelines that Rosales wrote for implementing the 2007 motu proprio ''[[Summorum Pontificum]]'' were reported to have been criticized by [[Darío Castrillón Hoyos]], President of the [[Ecclesia Dei]] Commission, as too restrictive.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://archive.thetablet.co.uk/article/4th-april-2009/32/cardinal-accused-of-disobeying-pope |title=Robert Mickens, "Cardinal accused of disobeying Pope", in ''The Tablet'', 4 April 2009 |access-date=June 19, 2014 |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305071719/http://archive.thetablet.co.uk/article/4th-april-2009/32/cardinal-accused-of-disobeying-pope |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rosales denied that he had forbidden use of the "Traditional Latin Mass" in his archdiocese, saying he had only opposed celebration by priests of the dissident [[Society of St. Pius X]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ucanews.com:443/?page_name=story-archive/&post_name=/2009/04/17/archbishop-denies-restricting-traditional-latin-mass&post_id=50236|title=Catholic News Asia {{!}} Church, Features, Opinion, Gospel, Dioceses - UCA News|website=ucanews.com|access-date=March 30, 2020}}</ref>

===Abortion===
On September 16, 2010, Cardinal Rosales issued a pastoral letter expressing the Catholic Church’s condemnation of abortion and recalling the [[excommunication]] imposed by the Church on those who procure it or help others to do so. "A deliberately procured abortion is a moral evil and the Catholic Church attaches the canonical penalty of excommunication on those who procure it and on those who help obtain abortion", the pastoral letter read.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www9.gmanews.tv/story/201411/excommunication-awaits-abortionists-cardinal-rosales |title=Excommunication awaits abortionists — Cardinal Rosales |last1=Abella |first1=Jerrie M. |date=September 19, 2010 |work=GMANews.TV |publisher=GMA News |access-date=October 4, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923092012/http://www.gmanews.tv/story/201411/excommunication-awaits-abortionists-cardinal-rosales |archive-date=September 23, 2010 }}</ref>

==Auxiliary bishops==
Below is the list of auxiliary bishops who served during Rosales' term as Archbishop of Manila. The auxiliary bishops are also Vicars-General of the archdiocese.
*[[Socrates Villegas]] (2003–2004) (later installed as Bishop of Balanga)
*Bernardino Cortez (2004–2011)
*[[Broderick Soncuaco Pabillo]] (2006–2011)

==Vicars-general==
Aside from the auxiliary bishops, the following priests served as vicars-general of Manila during Rosales' time.
*Josefino Ramirez (2003–2010)
*Francisco Tantoco (2004–2011)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web| access-date = November 22, 2017| title= Rosales Card. Gaudencio Borbon |publisher= [[Holy See Press Office]] | url= https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rosales_gb.html | url-status=live | archive-date= September 4, 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170904063704/http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rosales_gb.html }}
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20101223144001/http://www.cbcpnews.com/?q=node/14101 Cardinal Rosales Concurrently Named Apostolic Administrator of the Suffragan Diocese of Pasig]}}
*[https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rosales_gb_en.html Vatican Cardinal Bio]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060218163118/http://www.rcam.org/ Welcome to Archdiocese of Manila Official Website]
*[http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios2006.htm#Rosales Biography at Salvador Miranda's "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church" website] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20180122194151/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios2006.htm%23Vallini#Rosales |date=January 22, 2018 }}
*[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/brosg.html Catholic-Hierarchy – Gaudencio Borbón Cardinal Rosales]
*[http://www.catholic-pages.com/hierarchy/cardinals_bio.asp?ref=236 catholic pages]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080220004048/http://www.rcam.org/ROSALES_webpage/webpage_archbishop_rosales.htm Rosales Webpage]
*[http://www.asianews.it/index.php?l=en&art=5470 Asia News]

{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=Protacio Gungon}}
{{s-ttl|title=Rector of [[San Carlos Seminary]]|years=1980–1982}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ramon Arguelles]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Francisco F. Claver]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Malaybalay|Bishop of Malaybalay]]|years=1984–1992}}
{{s-aft|after=Honesto Chaves Pacana, [[Society of Jesus|SJ]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=Mariano Gaviola y Garcés}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa|Archbishop of Lipa]]|years=1991–2003}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ramon Arguelles]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jaime Sin]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Archbishop of Manila]]|years=2003–2011}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Luis Antonio Tagle]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-vac|last=[[Paulos Tzadua]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina|Cardinal-Priest of SS. Nome di Maria in Via Latina]]|years=2006–present}}
{{s-inc}}
{{s-end}}

{{Cardinals of the Catholic Church|state=collapsed}}
{{Filipino Cardinals|state=collapsed}}
{{Philippine Roman Catholic Archbishops}}
{{Manila archdiocese}}
{{Roman Catholic Diocese of Malaybalay}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rosales, Gaudencio Borbon}}
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Batangas City]]
[[Category:Filipino cardinals]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Manila]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Philippines]]
[[Category:21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Benedict XVI]]
[[Category:Tagalog people]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Lipa]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila]]
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