Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Goodyear GZ-20

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=September 2011}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
 |name=GZ-20
 |image=Goodyear-blimp.jpg
 |caption=The ''Spirit of Goodyear'' (N3A)
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
 |type=[[blimp]] (non-rigid airship) 
 |national origin=[[United States]]
 |manufacturer=[[Goodyear Aerospace]]
 |designer=
 |first flight=
 |introduced=1969
 |retired=2017
 |status=Retired
 |primary user=[[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company]]
 |more users=
 |produced=
 |number built=
 |number in current service=0
 |variants with their own articles=
}}
|}

The '''Goodyear GZ-20/20A''' was a class of [[non-rigid airship]] or [[blimp]] introduced in 1969 by [[Goodyear Aerospace|The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company]] in the United States as its signature promotional aircraft, the  [[Goodyear Blimp]]. The design is based on  the previous Goodyear GZ-19 class. The GZ-20 featured a larger envelope to carry the "Super-Skytacular" advertising night sign and more powerful engines. The GZ-20s were the mainstay of Goodyear's airship operations until 2017, when they were replaced with the new [[Zeppelin NT]] [[semi-rigid airship]].

==Service==
The GZ-20 was introduced as part of a US$4 million expansion program by Goodyear in 1968 that included the construction of a new GZ-19  [[Florida]]-based airship (''Mayflower N1A''), replacement of the  [[California]]-based GZ-19 with a GZ-20 (''Columbia N3A''), adding a third airship to the fleet (GZ-20 ''America N10A'') and constructing a new airship base at [[Spring, Texas]] as home to the new blimp.

In 1972, a third GZ-20 was built to be the first Goodyear Blimp stationed outside the United States. Christened ''Europa N2A.'' her structural elements were freighted from the Goodyear factory in [[Akron, Ohio]] to the [[Royal Aircraft Establishment]] in [[Cardington, Bedfordshire]], England on an [[Aero Spacelines Mini Guppy]] to be erected there but based at a new facility at [[Capena]], [[Italy]]  near Rome.

In 1978, the GZ-19 class was retired after the loss of ''Mayflower N38A'' due to a [[tornado]]. In 1979, ''Mayflower'' was replaced by the GZ-20 ''Enterprise N1A''. As of 2017, all three of Goodyear's remaining  GZ-20As have been decommissioned.

The blimp received a Guinness World Record for the longest continuous operated airship with fourteen years of service.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}

Goodyear Airship Operations started production of [[Zeppelin NT]] [[semi-rigid airship]]s beginning in 2013 at the cost of approximately US$21 million per airship. Goodyear's first Zeppelin NT first took flight on March 17, 2014.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jim |last=Mackinnon |title=Goodyear's Next Generation Iconic Airship Takes Flight |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/goodyear-s-next-generation-iconic-airship-takes-flight-1.473914 |work=[[Akron Beacon Journal]] |date=2014-03-17 |accessdate=2014-03-18 }}</ref>

After 14 years in the skies, on February 23, 2014, ''Spirit of Goodyear'' was retired in Pompano Beach after the [[2014 Daytona 500]].<ref>{{cite press release|title=Iconic Goodyear Blimp Retires after Daytona 500 |url=http://www.goodyear.com/cfmx/web/corporate/media/news/story.cfm?a_id=1000 |publisher=Goodyear |date=2014-02-24 |access-date=2014-02-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315160114/http://www.goodyear.com/cfmx/web/corporate/media/news/story.cfm?a_id=1000 |archive-date=2014-03-15 }}</ref> The ''Spirit of Goodyear'''s gondola was donated to the Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum in [[Cleveland, Ohio]].<ref>http://www.ohio.com/news/top-stories/goodyear-blimp-gondola-offers-trips-down-memory-lane-at-crawford-museum-1.569852 {{Bare URL inline|date=September 2022}}</ref>

On August 10, 2015, the California-based GZ-20, the ''Spirit of America'', was decommissioned after 13 years of operation. In September 2015, ''Spirit of Innovation'', the world's only remaining active GZ-20, was relocated to [[Carson, California]]<ref>https://www.facebook.com/GoodyearBlimp/videos/vb.376629715167/10153394914760168/?type=2&theater {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref> from its former base in [[Pompano Beach, Florida]]. The gondola from ''Spirit of America'' was donated to the Planes of Fame Air Museum in [[Chino, California]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jamestownsun.com/news/nation-and-world/3812211-goodyear-blimp-retire |title=Goodyear blimp to retire &#124; Jamestown Sun |access-date=2016-03-18 |archive-date=2016-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326225726/http://www.jamestownsun.com/news/nation-and-world/3812211-goodyear-blimp-retire |url-status=dead }}</ref>

On March 14, 2017, ''Spirit of Innovation'' was retired and dismantled in the former US Navy blimp hangar at [[Tustin, California]]. The gondola is stored at Goodyear's Wingfoot Lake Airship Base in [[Suffield, Ohio]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-goodyear-blimp-20170314-story.html|title=Goodyear retires blimps but keeps familiar form in flight|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=14 March 2017}}</ref> Wingfoot Two, Goodyear's newest Zeppelin NT, has taken over operations in California.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://corporate.goodyear.com/en-US/media/news/goodyear-reveals-plans-for-arrival-of-next-generation-blimp-in-2017.html|title=Goodyear Reveals Plans for Arrival of Next Generation Blimp in 2017}}</ref>

==Survivors== 
As of October 2018, there are 5 GZ-20 gondolas stored or on display in the United States.

"C-49"
*C-49, most recently known as ''Columbia N4A'', is currently on display, mostly restored and equipped with engine nacelles and landing gear, at the [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]] in [[Chantilly, Virginia]]

"4116"
*4116, most recently known as ''Stars and Stripes'', which crashed in 2005, is stored at the Wingfoot Lake Hangar in [[Suffield Township, Portage County, Ohio]].

"4117"
*4117, most recently known as the ''Spirit of America'', is on display at the [[Planes of Fame Air Museum]] in [[Chino, California]].

"4118"
*4118, most recently known as the ''Spirit of Goodyear'', is on display at the [[Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum]] in [[Cleveland, Ohio]].

"4119"
*4119, most recently known as the ''Spirit of Innovation'', is stored at the Wingfoot Lake Hangar in [[Suffield Township, Portage County, Ohio]].

==Specifications (Europa)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1976–77<ref name="jawa71 p596">Taylor 1976, p. 596.</ref>
|prime units? = imp
|crew=One pilot
|capacity=6 passengers
|length m=58.67
|length ft=192
|length in=6
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->14.00
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->45
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->11
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->15.24
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->50
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->0
|height m=18.14
|height ft=59
|height in=6
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->5,740
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->202,700
|empty weight kg=4,252
|empty weight lb=9,375
|gross weight kg=5,824
|gross weight lb=12,840
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Continental IO-360]]-D
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->157
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->210
<!-- This empty 'eng2 number' stops it saying "each each" after the engine specifications.  See the talk page for the aerospecs template https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Aerospecs#each_each for discussion. -->
|max speed kmh=80
|max speed mph=50
|endurance=23 hours|ceiling m=2,285
|ceiling ft=7,500
|climb rate ms=12.2
|climb rate ftmin=2,400
}}

<!-- ==See also== -->
{{aircontent
<!-- include as many lines are appropriate. additional lines/entries with carriage return. -->
|see also=
|related=<!-- related developments -->
|similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->
|lists=<!-- related lists -->
}}

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
;Bibliography
* {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=425 }}
* {{cite book|last=Taylor|first=John W. R.|title=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1976–77|year=1976|publisher=Jane's Yearbooks|location=London|isbn=0-354-00538-3|author-link=John W. R. Taylor}}
* {{cite book |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1977–78|year=1977 |publisher=Jane's Yearbooks |location=London |pages=632 }}
<!-- ==External links== -->

{{Goodyear aircraft}}
{{Goodyear Company}}

[[Category:1960s United States special-purpose aircraft]]
[[Category:Airships of the United States]]
[[Category:Goodyear aircraft]]
[[Category:Twin-engined pusher aircraft]]
{{Навигационная таблица/Портал/Английская Википедия}}
[[Категория:Английская Википедия]]
[[Категория:Википедия]]
[[Категория:Статья из Википедии]]
[[Категория:Статья из Английской Википедии]]