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{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|1911–1945 railway line in Korea}}
{{Infobox rail line
| image                           = 
| name                            = Gyeongwon Line
| native_name                     = 경원선 (京元線)
| native_name_lang                = kr
| type                            = [[Passenger rail terminology#Heavy rail|Heavy rail]], Passenger/Freight<br/>[[Regional rail]], [[Commuter rail]]
| system                          = 
| status                          = Divided (see article)
| locale                          = 
| start                           = [[Yongsan station|Yongsan]]
| end                             = [[Wonsan station|Wonsan]]
| stations                        = 
| open                            = Stages between 1911 and 1914
| owner                           = [[Chosen Government Railway]]
| operator                        = 
| character                       = 
| stock                           = 
| linelength                      = {{Convert|223.7|km|abbr=on}}
| tracks                          = 
| gauge                           = {{RailGauge|sg|allk=on}}
| electrification                 = 3000 V [[Direct current|DC]] [[Overhead lines|Catenary]] ([[Pokkye station|Bokgye]]–[[Kosan station|Gosan]])
| old_gauge                       = 
| speed                           = 
| map                             = {{routemap|inline=y
|map=
\uCONTg\~~ ~~ ~~[[Chosen Government Railway|Sentetsu]] [[Gyeongbu Line]]
\uSTR!~KBHFa\~~0.0~~Yongsan
uCONTgq\uSTRr!~STR\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu [[Gyeongbu Line]]
\BHF\~~3.6~~Seobinggo
\BHF\~~10.4~~Wangsimni
\BHF\~~12.6~~Cheongnyangni
uCONTgq\uSTRr!~STR\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu [[Jungang Line|Gyeonggyeong Line]]
\fSTR+l!~STR\fCONTfq~~ ~~ ~~[[Gyeongchun Railway]] [[Gyeongchun Line]]
\BHF\~~18.2~~Yeonchon
fCONTgq\fSTRr!~STR\~~ ~~ ~~[[Gyeongchun Railway]] [[Gyeongchun Line]]
\BHF\~~21.8~~Changdong
\BHF\~~31.3~~Uijeongbu
\BHF\~~43.8~~Deokjeong
\BHF\~~53.3~~Dongducheon
\BHF\~~65.4~~Jeongok
\BHF\~~74.0~~Yeoncheon
\BHF\~~84.5~~Daegwangni
\BHF\~~89.0~~Sintalli
fCONTgq\fSTR+r!~STR\~~ ~~ ~~[[Kumgangsan Electric Railway|Geumgangsan Electric Railway]]
\BHF\~~98.1~~Cheorwon
\HST\~~103.1~~Woljeongni
\HST\~~113.1~~Gagok
\BHF\~~119.9~~Pyeonggang
ELCa\BHF\~~123.7~~Bokgye
BL\HST\~~134.6~~I'mok
BL\HST\~~139.4~~Geombullang
BL\HST\~~144.4~~Seongsan
BL\BHF\~~151.6~~Sepo
BL\HST\~~159.3~~Sambanghyeop
BL\HST\~~163.2~~Sambang
ELCe\BHF\~~177.6~~Gosan
\HST\~~184.1~~Yeongjiwon
\HST\~~192.2~~Seokwonsa
\HST\~~201.6~~Namsan
uCONTgq\uSTRr!~STR\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu [[Donghae Bukbu Line (1929–1945)|Donghae Bukbu Line]]
\BHF\~~208.0~~Anbyeon
\HST\~~212.9~~Baehwa
\BHF\~~219.6~~Galma
\uSTR!~KBHFe\~~223.7~~Wonsan
\uCONTf\~~ ~~ ~~Sentetsu [[Hamgyeong Line]]
}}
| box_width                       = auto
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
|hangul={{linktext|경원|선}}
|hanja={{linktext|京元|線}}
|rr=Gyeongwonseon
|mr=Kyŏngwŏnsŏn
}}

The '''Gyeongwon Line''' was a railway line of the [[Chosen Government Railway]] in central [[Korea]]. It was the first east–west trunk line to be opened, connecting the capital [[Gyeongseong]] to the important east coast port of [[Wonsan]]. Following the [[partition of Korea]], the line was divided between [[North Korea|North]] and [[South Korea]].

==History==
One of the earliest construction plans of the Railway Bureau of the [[Governor General of Korea|Government General of Korea]] was for an east−west trunk line to connect [[Seoul|Gyeongseong]] to the important port of [[Wonsan]]. The first section of this planned line was the {{convert|31.3|km|abbr=on}} segment from [[Yongsan station|Yongsan]] to [[Uijeongbu station|Uijeongbu]], which was opened by the [[Chosen Government Railway]] (''Sentetsu'') on 15 October 1911. Construction westbound from Wonsan began in 1912, and segments of the line were opened at various stages over the subsequent five years, until the final section, {{convert|12.2|km|abbr=on}} from [[Sepo Chongnyon station|Sepo]] to [[Kosan station|Gosan]], was opened on 16 August 1914, completing the line from Gyeongseong to Wonsan.<ref name="lineop">{{cite web |url=http://info.korail.com/mbs/www/subview.jsp?id=www_010606060000|title=경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황 |publisher=[[Korail]] |accessdate=2015-09-17}}</ref>

The line was built in the following segments:

{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Section !! Length
|-
| 15 October 1911 || [[Yongsan station|Yongsan]]–[[Uijeongbu station|Uijeongbu]] || {{convert|31.3|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 July 1912 || Uijeongbu–[[Yeoncheon station|Yeoncheon]] || {{convert|42.7|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 October 1912 || Yeoncheon–[[Cheorwon station|Cheorwon]] || {{convert|24.1|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 10 July 1913 || Cheorwon–[[Pokkye station|Pokkye]] || {{convert|25.6|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 August 1913 || [[Ryongjiwon station|Yongjiwon]]–[[Wonsan station|Wonsan]] || {{convert|49.6|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 25 September 1913 || Pokkye–[[Kombullang station|Geombullang]] || {{convert|15.7|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 October 1913 || [[Kosan station|Gosan]]–Ryongjiwon || {{convert|6.5|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 21 June 1914 || Geombullang–[[Sepo Chongnyon station|Sepo]] || {{convert|12.2|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| 16 August 1914 || Sepo–Kosan || {{convert|26.0|km|abbr=on}}
|}

The first railway electrification projects to be undertaken in Korea were implemented along the Gyeongwon Line. The first of these was the privately owned [[Kumgangsan Electric Railway|Geumgangsan Electric Railway]], which was first opened in 1924 from [[Cheorwon station|Cheorwon]] to [[Kimhwa station|Gimhwa]], and by 1931 had been extended all the way to [[Naegumgang station|Naegeumgang]].<ref>[http://www.norihuto.com/kumgang-old-dentetsu.htm 金剛山電気鉄道について] (in Japanese)</ref>

Also in the 1930s, Sentetsu, together with the [[South Manchuria Railway]], was developing plans to create an electrified railway all the way from [[Busan]] to [[Changchun|Xinjing]], capital of [[Manchukuo]].<ref name="Matsuda">{{Cite web|url=http://ktymtskz.my.coocan.jp/denki/matuda.htm|title=松田新市三菱電機技師の戦中戦後の電気車設計}}</ref> The first stage of this plan was the electrification of the Gyeongwon, [[Jungang Line|Gyeonggyeong]] and [[Gyeongin Line|Gyeongin]] lines,<ref name="Matsuda"/> and in March 1940, the [[Imperial Diet (Japan)|Imperial Diet]] budgeted 3.6 million Yen for electrification equipment for this plan.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://ameblo.jp/gon-xiaodao/entry-11558620854.html | title=『デロイを探せ！（その43-1） 三菱電機技報（1942年1月号）におけるデロイ』}}</ref> Electrification of the [[Pokkye station|Pokkye]]−[[Kosan station|Gosan]] section of the Gyeongwon Line began in December 1940; it was completed and commissioned on 27 March 1944,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://ameblo.jp/gon-xiaodao/entry-11081690203.html | title=『デロイを探せ！（その8）デロイ就役の経緯（年表）』}}</ref> and commercial electric operations commenced on 1 April 1944.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://ameblo.jp/gon-xiaodao/entry-11338728382.html | title=『デロイを探せ！（その36） 戦後直後の韓国側における電化計画』}}</ref>

After the [[partition of Korea]] following the end of the [[Pacific War]] in 1945, the Gyeongwon Line was split along the [[38th parallel north|38th parallel]] between the stations of [[Hantangang station|Hantangang]] and [[Choseong-ri station|Choseongni]].<ref name="Hayato">Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道  (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), {{ISBN|978-4-10-303731-6}}</ref> The railways in both South and North were nationalised, and the newly established [[Korail|Korean National Railroad]] took over operation of the truncated Gyeongwon Line, from Seoul to Choseongni; in the North, the [[Korean State Railway]] merged its section of the Gyeongwon Line, Choseongni−Wonsan, with the Wonsan−[[Kowon station|Gowon]] section of the former [[Hamgyeong Line]] to create the [[Kangwon Line|Gangwon Line]].<ref name="Hayato"/>

The line was severely damaged during the [[Korean War]]. After the ceasefire and the subsequent establishment of the [[Military Demarcation Line]], the division of the line changed, with the South gaining control of the line further northwards as far as [[Woljeong-ri station|Woljeongni]]. However, in the South the line was rebuilt only as far as [[Sintan-ri station|Sintalli]], resulting in an operation line from Yongsan and Sintalli with a length of {{convert|88.8|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="lineop"/>

For the post-war histories of the Northern and Southern sections of the line, see [[Kangwon Line]] for the Northern section, and [[Gyeongwon Line]] for the Southern section.

==Route==

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;"
|+ Stations as of 1945
|-
! colspan="2" | Distance !! colspan="4" | Station name !! colspan="2" | 
|-
! Total; km
! S2S; km
! Transcribed, Korean
! Transcribed, Japanese
! [[Hangul|Hunminjeongeum]]
! [[Hanja]]/[[Kanji]]
! Opening date<br/>Original owner
! Connections
|-
| 0.0
| 0.0
| [[Yongsan station|Yongsan]]
| Ryūzan
| 용산
| 龍山
| 15 October 1911
| Sentetsu [[Gyeongbu Line]]<br/>Sentetsu [[Yongsan Line]]
|-
| 3.6
| 3.6
| [[Seobinggo station|Seobinggo]]
| Seihyōko
| 서빙고
| 西氷庫
| 1 October 1917
| 
|-
| 7.7
| 4.1
| Sucheolli
| Suitetsuri
| 수천리
| 水鐵里
| 15 October 1911
| Closed 1944
|-
| 10.4
| 2.7
| [[Wangsimni station|Wangsimni]]
| Ōjūri
| 왕십리
| 往十里
| 15 October 1911
| 
|-
| 12.6
| 2.2
| [[Cheongnyangni station|Cheongnyangni]]
| Seiryūri
| 청량리
| 淸凉里
| 15 October 1911
| Sentetsu [[Jungang Line|Gyeonggyeong Line]]
|-
| 18.2
| 5.6
| [[Kwangwoon University station|Yeonchon]]
| Genson
| 연촌
| 硯村
| 25 July 1939
| [[Gyeongchun Railway]] [[Gyeongchun Line]]
|-
| 21.8
| 3.6
| [[Chang-dong station|Changdong]]
| Sōdō
| 창동
| 倉洞
| 15 October 1911
| 
|-
| 31.3
| 9.5
| [[Uijeongbu station|Uijeongbu]]
| Giseifu
| 의정부
| 議政府
| 15 October 1911
| 
|-
| 43.5
| 12.2
| [[Deokjeong station|Deokjeong]]
| Tokutei
| 덕정
| 德亭
| 15 October 1911
| 
|-
| 53.3
| 9.8
| [[Dongducheon station|Dongducheon]]
| Tōtōsen
| 동두천
| 東豆川
| 25 July 1912
| 
|-
| 65.4
| 12.1
| [[Jeongok station|Jeongok]]
| Zenkoku
| 전곡
| 全谷
| 25 July 1912
| 
|-
| 74.0
| 8.6
| [[Yeoncheon station|Yeoncheon]]
| Rensen
| 연천
| 漣川
| 25 July 1912
| 
|-
| 84.5
| 10.5
| [[Daegwang-ri station|Daegwangni]]
| Daikōri
| 대광리
| 大光里
| 21 October 1912
| 
|-
| 88.8
| 4.3
| [[Sintan-ri station|Sintalli]]
| Shintanri
| 신탄리
| 新炭里
| 10 July 1913
| 
|-
| 98.1
| 9.3
| [[Cheorwon station|Cheorwon]]
| Tetsugen
| 철원
| 鉄原
| 21 October 1912
| [[Kumgangsan Electric Railway|Geumgangsan Electric Railway]]
|-
| 103.1
| 5.0
| [[Woljeong-ri station|Woljeongni]]
| Gesseiri
| 월정리
| 月井里
| 10 July 1913
| 
|-
| 113.1
| 10.0
| [[Kagok station|Gagok]]
| Kaikoku
| 가곡
| 佳谷
| 10 July 1913
| 
|-
| 119.9
| 6.8
| [[Pyonggang station|Pyeonggang]]
| Heikō
| 평강
| 平康
| 10 July 1913
| 
|-
| 123.7
| 3.8
| [[Pokkye station|Bokgye]]
| Fukukei
| 복계
| 福溪
| 10 July 1913
| 
|-
| 134.6
| 10.9
| [[Rimok station|I'mok]]
| Rimoku
| 이목
| 梨木
| 25 September 1913
|
|-
| 139.4
| 4.8
| [[Kombullang station|Geombullang]]
| Kenfutsurō
| 검불랑
| 劍拂浪
| 25 September 1913
|
|-
| 144.4
| 5.0
| [[Songsan station (Kangwon Line)|Seongsan]]
| Jōsan
| 성산
| 城山
| 21 June 1914
|
|-
| 151.6
| 7.2
| [[Sepo Chongnyon station|Sepo]]
| Senho
| 세포
| 洗浦
| 21 June 1914
|
|-
| 159.3
| 7.7
| [[Sambang station|Sambanghyeop]]
| Sanbōgyō
| 삼방협
| 三防峽
| 16 August 1914
| 
|-
| 163.2
| 3.9
| [[Rakchon station|Sambang]]
| Sanbō
| 삼방
| 三防
| 16 August 1914
| 
|-
| 177.6
| 14.4
| [[Kosan station|Gosan]]
| Kōzan
| 고산
| 高山
| 21 October 1913
|
|-
| 184.1
| 6.5
| [[Ryongjiwon station|Yeongjiwon]]
| Ryōchien
| 용지원
| 龍池院
| 21 August 1913
|
|-
| 192.2
| 8.1
| [[Kwangmyong station (Kosan County)|Seokwansa]]
| Shakuōji
| 석왕사
| 釋王寺
| 21 August 1913
|
|-
| 201.6
| 9.4
| [[Namsan station (Kangwon Line)|Namsan]]
| Nansan
| 남산
| 南山
| 21 August 1913
|
|-
| 208.0
| 6.4
| [[Anbyon station|Anbyeon]]
| Anhen
| 안변
| 安邊
| 21 August 1913
| Sentetsu [[Donghae Bukbu Line (1929–1945)|Donghae Bukbu Line]]
|-
| 212.9
| 4.9
| [[Paehwa station|Baehwa]]
| Haika
| 배화
| 培花
| 21 August 1913
|
|-
| 219.6
| 6.7
| [[Kalma station|Galma]]
| Katsuba
| 갈마
| 葛麻
| 21 August 1913
| 
|-
| 223.7
| 4.1
| [[Wonsan station|Wonsan]]
| Genzan
| 원산
| 元山
| 21 August 1913
| Sentetsu [[Hamgyeong Line]]
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* [[Japanese Government Railways]] (1937), 鉄道停車場一覧. 昭和12年10月1日現在(The List of the Stations as of 1 October 1937), Kawaguchi Printing Company, Tokyo, pp 495–496

{{Gyeongwon Line 1945}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gyeongwon Line}}
[[Category:Gyeongwon Line| ]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Korea under Japanese rule]]
[[Category:Sentetsu railway lines]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1911]]
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