Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Henrik Mohn

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Short description|Norwegian astronomer and meteorologist}}
{{Infobox person/Wikidata | fetchwikidata=ALL}}
'''Henrik Mohn''' (15 May 1835 – 12 September 1916) was a [[Norway|Norwegian]] [[astronomer]] and [[meteorologist]]. Although he enrolled in [[theology]] studies after finishing school, he is credited with founding [[meteorology|meteorological]] research in Norway, being a professor at the [[University of Oslo|Royal Frederick University]] and director of the [[Norwegian Meteorological Institute]] from 1866 to 1913.<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|date=2007|title=Henrik Mohn|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|editor=Henriksen, Petter|first=Petter|last=Dannevig|publisher=[[Kunnskapsforlaget]]|location=Oslo|url=http://www.snl.no/Henrik_Mohn|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5 April 2009}}</ref>

==Personal life==
He was born in [[Bergen]] as the son of Albert Henrik Mohn (1811–1894) and Ida Neumann (1814–1864). He was a brother of [[Jakob Mohn|Jakob]] and [[Emanuel Mohn]]. On the maternal side, he was a grandson of bishop [[Jacob Neumann]].<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia|date=2003|title=Henrik Mohn|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Øyvind|last=Grøn|authorlink=Øyvind Grøn|volume=6|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Henrik_Mohn/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=5 April 2009}}</ref>

He was married twice. In December 1863 he married Louise Nicoline Rieck (1836–1866). After she died, he married Julie Birgitte Dyblie (1847–1928) in July 1871. He was a granduncle of [[Frank Mohn|Frank]] and [[Albert Henrik Mohn]],<ref name=nbl/> and his niece Hanna married physician and politician [[Nils Yngvar Ustvedt]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ustvedt, Nils Yngvar|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|edition=1st|date=1975|volume=14|publisher=[[Aschehoug]]|location=Oslo|editor=Jansen, Jonas |editor2=Anker, Øyvind|first=Carl Birger|last=van der Hagen|pages=430–432|language=Norwegian}}</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Askeregnen-1875-03-mohn-1877.jpg|thumb|48 hours time span volcanic ash distribution from Iceland to Scandinavia in 1875 (H. Mohn, 1877)]]
He [[examen artium|finished]] his secondary education at [[Bergen katedralskole|Bergen Cathedral School]] in 1852, and then enrolled at the [[University of Oslo|Royal Frederick University]]. He originally studied [[theology]], then switched to [[physics]] after attending lectures in that subject. He continued to study [[astronomy]] and [[mineralogy]], graduating in the latter subject in 1858. To facilitate learning, he built his own [[telescope]]. In 1860 he was hired as a research fellow of astronomy, having delivered an esteemed paper on the orbits of [[comet]]s in the same year.<ref name=nbl/> In 1861, when long-time professor [[Christopher Hansteen]] retired from an active academic career,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|date=2001|title=Christopher Hansteen|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Arild|last=Stubhaug|volume=4|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Christopher_Hansteen/utdypning_%E2%80%93_1|language=Norwegian|accessdate=22 March 2009}}</ref> Mohn became the new manager of the city astronomical observatory.<ref name=nbl/>

In this position, he soon became interested in [[meteorology]]. His first article in the field, ''Stormene i Christiania fra 1837 til 1863'' was published in 1863 in the journal ''Polyteknisk Tidsskrift'', which he had edited from 1859 to 1862. He helped found the [[Norwegian Meteorological Institute]] in 1866, and became its director from the start. At the same time he was appointed as a professor at the Royal Frederick University.<ref name=nbl/> One of his more important works, ''Om Vind og Veir. Meteorologiens Hovedresultater'', was published in 1872 and translated into seven languages.<ref name=snl/> His main work was ''Études sur les mouvements de l'atmosphère'', written between 1876 and 1880 together with mathematician [[Cato Maximilian Guldberg]]. In it, they used [[hydrodynamics]] and [[thermodynamics]] to describe and explain meteorological phenomena. Mohn had participated in the [[North Sea Expedition]] from 1876 to 1878. In addition to conducting research, he took up an interest he had pursued in his youth: amateur painting. A painting of the island [[Jan Mayen]] was later used for a 1957 stamp issued in Norway.<ref name=nbl/>

In his later career, Mohn published annual climate tables. He published a climate atlas in 1916, after he retired from his positions at the University and the Meteorological Institute in 1913.<ref name=nbl/>

==Recognition and legacy==
Mohn was a member of the [[Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters]] from 1861, and the [[Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters]] from 1870. In the Norwegian Academy he was a praeces{{which lang|date=June 2021}} and vice praeces (alternating) between 1896 and 1914.<ref name=nbl/> In 1874 Henrik Mohn was elected as senior honorary member of the [[Royal Meteorological Society]] of London.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}} He was a member of the council of the [[International Meteorological Organization]] between 1873 and 1910. He was decorated as a Commander, First Class of the [[Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav]] in 1915, and held several foreign orders of knighthood. A [[Festschrift]] was planned together with the fiftieth anniversary of the Meteorological Institute, but cancelled due to Mohn's death in September 1916 in [[Oslo|Kristiania]].<ref name=nbl/> The [[Mona Islands]] in the [[Kara Sea]] were named after Henrik Mohn by [[Fridtjof Nansen]], who published the first detailed maps of the [[Russia]]n Arctic.<ref>
{{Cite journal|last=Nansen|first=Fridtjof|authorlink=Fridtjof Nansen|title=Some results of the Norwegian Arctic Expedition 1893-6|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=9|issue=5|date=May 1897|pages=473–505|jstor=1774891|doi=10.2307/1774891|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1449224}}
</ref>

The Mohn Prize for Arctic research, a two-million NOK prize awarded by the Academia Borealis, the [[Norwegian Academy of Science]], the Tromsø Research Foundation and [[University of Tromsø|Norway's Arctic University]], is given biennially in honor of Henrik Mohn.<ref name="MohnPrize">{{Cite web |url=https://uit.no/mohnprisen/ommohnprisen |title=Om Mohnprisen (Concerning the Mohn Prize)  |publisher=The Arctic University of Norway |quote=Den internasjonale Mohnprisen for fremragende forskning relatert til Arktis (Mohnprisen) er opprettet i samarbeid mellom Academia Borealis, Nord-Norges vitenskapsakademi (NNVA), Tromsø forskningsstiftelse (TFS) og UiT Norges arktiske universitet (UiT). Prisen, som er på 2 millioner kroner, deles ut annet hvert år. (The international Mohn Prize for outstanding research related to the Arctic (Mohn Prize) has been established in collaboration between Academia Borealis, the Norwegian Academy of Sciences (NNVA), the Tromsø Research Foundation (TFS) and UiT Norway's Arctic University (UiT). The prize, which is NOK 2 million, is awarded every other year.)|language=Norwegian  |access-date=9 July 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Wikisource author}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-aca}}
{{succession box |before=''position created'' |title=Director of the [[Norwegian Meteorological Institute]] |years=1866&ndash;1913 |after=[[Aksel Steen]] }}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohn, Henrik}}
[[Category:Norwegian meteorologists]]
[[Category:Norwegian astronomers]]
[[Category:University of Oslo alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Oslo]]
[[Category:Directors of government agencies of Norway]]
[[Category:Scientists from Bergen]]
[[Category:Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters]]
[[Category:Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters]]
[[Category:Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:1835 births]]
[[Category:1916 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at the Bergen Cathedral School]]
[[Category:Members of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala]]
[[Category:Norwegian Meteorological Institute]]
{{Навигационная таблица/Портал/Английская Википедия}}
[[Категория:Английская Википедия]]
[[Категория:Википедия]]
[[Категория:Статья из Википедии]]
[[Категория:Статья из Английской Википедии]]