Просмотр кода страницы Английская Википедия:Illinois v. Rodriguez

{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox SCOTUS case
| Litigants =Illinois v. Rodriguez
| ArgueDate =March 20
| ArgueYear =1990
| DecideDate =June 21
| DecideYear =1990
| FullName =Illinois v. Edward Rodriguez
| USVol=497
| USPage=177
| ParallelCitations=110 S. Ct. 2793; 111 [[L. Ed. 2d]] 148; 1990 [[U.S. LEXIS]] 3295; 58 U.S.L.W. 4892
| Prior=Cert. to Appellate Court of Illinois, 1st Dist. reversed and remanded
| Subsequent= 
| Holding =Under the Fourth Amendment, a warrantless entry is valid when based upon the consent of a third party whom the police, at the time of the entry, reasonably believe to possess common authority over the premises, but who in fact does not.
|Majority=Scalia
|JoinMajority=Rehnquist, White, Blackmun, O'Connor, Kennedy
|Dissent=Marshall
|JoinDissent=Brennan, Stevens
|LawsApplied=[[Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution|U.S. Const. amend. IV.]]}}
'''''Illinois v. Rodriguez''''', 497 U.S. 177 (1990), is a [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]] case dealing with the issue of whether a [[search warrant|warrantless]] search conducted pursuant to third party consent violates the [[Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourth Amendment]] when the third party does not actually possess common authority over the premises.

==Opinion of the Court==
In an opinion by [[Antonin Scalia|Justice Scalia]] and decided 6–3, the Court held that a warrantless search of premises, when a third party consents to the search but does not possess actual common authority over those premises, is valid if the authorities "reasonably believed" at the time of the search that the third party possessed common authority over the premises.<ref>{{Cite news|first=William|last=Grady|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103328150/william-grady-court-widens-warantless/|title=Court widens warantless searches|date=June 22, 1990|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=June 7, 2022|page=2:1|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|first=William|last=Grady|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103328643/court-widens-wireless-searches/|title=Court widens warantless searches (continued)|date=June 22, 1990|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=June 7, 2022|page=2:6|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

In reaching its decision, the Court noted that "reasonableness," not consent, is the touchstone of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence; the Constitution only prohibits "unreasonable" searches and seizures.  Therefore, the constitutional validity of a police determination of consent to enter is not judged by whether the police were correct in their assessment, but by whether, based on the facts available at the moment, it was ''reasonable'' to conclude that the consenting party had authority over the premises.

==See also==
* ''[[United States v. Matlock]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Georgia v. Randolph]]'' (2006)
* [[List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 497]]
* [[List of United States Supreme Court cases]]
* [[Lists of United States Supreme Court cases by volume]]
* [[List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Rehnquist Court]]

==Further reading==
*{{ cite journal | last = Campbell | first = Tammy | year = 1992 | title = ''Illinois v. Rodriguez'': Should Apparent Authority Validate Third-Party Consent Searches | journal = University of Colorado Law Review | volume = 63 | pages = 481 | issn = 0041-9516 }}
*{{ cite journal | last = Capozza | first = Frank C. | year = 1991 | title = Whither the Fourth Amendment: An Analysis of ''Illinois v. Rodriguez'' | journal = Indiana Law Review | volume = 25 | pages = 515 | issn = 0090-4198 }}
*{{ cite journal | last = Kagehiro | first = Dorothy K. |author2=Laufer, William S. | year = 1991 | title = ''Illinois v. Rodriguez'' and the Social Psychology of Third-Party Consent | journal = Criminal Law Bulletin | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 42–50 | issn = 0011-1317 }}
*{{ cite journal | last = Kagehiro | first = Dorothy K. |author2=Laufer, William S. |author3=Taylor, Ralph B. | year = 1992 | title = Social Perceptions of Third-Party Consent and the Reasonableness Test of ''Illinois v. Rodriguez'' | journal = Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–228 | doi = 10.1177/0022427892029002007 | s2cid = 145407989 }}
*{{ cite journal | last = Wieber | first = M. C. | year = 1993 | title = Theory and Practice of Illinois v. Rodriguez: Why an Officer's Reasonable Belief about a Third Party's Authority to Consent does not protect a Criminal Suspect's Rights | journal = Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology | volume = 84 | issue = 3 | pages = 604–641 | jstor = 1143965| doi = 10.2307/1143965 | url = https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc/vol84/iss3/6 }}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{wikisource-inline|Illinois v. Rodriguez}}
* {{caselaw source
 | case = ''Illinois v. Rodriguez'', {{ussc|497|177|1990|el=no}}
 | justia =https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/497/177/
 | loc =http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/usrep/usrep497/usrep497177/usrep497177.pdf
 | oyez =https://www.oyez.org/cases/1989/88-2018
 }}

{{US4thAmendment|warrantexceptions|state=expanded}}

[[Category:United States Supreme Court cases]]
[[Category:United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court]]
[[Category:United States Fourth Amendment case law]]
[[Category:1990 in United States case law]]


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