Английская Википедия:Adam Ondra
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox climber Adam Ondra (born February 5, 1993) is a Czech professional rock climber, specializing in lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing. In 2013, Rock & Ice described Ondra as a prodigy and the leading climber of his generation.[1] Ondra is the only male athlete to have won World Championship titles in both disciplines in the same year (2014) and is also the only male athlete to have won the World Cup series in both disciplines (lead climbing in 2009, 2015, and 2019 and bouldering in 2010).
At age 13, Ondra redpointed his first graded Шаблон:Climbing grade sport route. Rock & Ice noted that by 2011, he was "onsighting 5.14c's by the handful", and by 2013, had "more or less repeated every hard route in the world—easily".[1] By end 2018, Ondra had climbed 1,550 sport routes between grades Шаблон:Climbing grade and Шаблон:Climbing grade, of which one was a Шаблон:Climbing grade, three were Шаблон:Climbing grade, and three were onsights of Шаблон:Climbing grade.[2]
Ondra is the first climber to redpoint a route with a proposed grade of Шаблон:Climbing grade (Silence, 2017),[3] the first-ever climber to redpoint a Шаблон:Climbing grade route (Change, 2012),[4] the first-ever to flash a Шаблон:Climbing grade route (Supercrackinette, 2018), and the second ever to onsight a Шаблон:Climbing grade route (Cabane au Canada, 2013).[5] According to The Economist, Ondra is "regarded as possibly the best climber ever to fondle rock".[6]
Climbing career
Early years
Ondra started climbing at the age of six; his parents are climbers, and they shared their passion with him. In 1999, at age six, in Rovinj, Croatia, Ondra climbed a Шаблон:Climbing grade route with bolts every half meter. He quickly rose to fame, appearing in climbing magazines as his accomplishments became both more impressive and frequent:
- In 2001, (at age eight), he onsighted Шаблон:Climbing grade routes.
- In 2002, (at age nine), he onsighted Шаблон:Climbing grade and redpointed Шаблон:Climbing grade.
- In 2003, (at age ten), he onsighted Шаблон:Climbing grade.
- In 2004, (at age eleven), he onsighted Шаблон:Climbing grade[7] and redpointed Шаблон:Climbing grade.
- In 2005, (at age twelve), he onsighted Шаблон:Climbing grade.
- In 2006, (at age thirteen), he managed to redpoint his first Шаблон:Climbing grade, Martin Krpan at Misja Pec.
Competition climbing
In 2007 and 2008, he won the IFSC World Youth Championship, category Youth B. In 2009, at age sixteen, Ondra competed for the first time in the Lead Climbing World Cup, finishing ahead of Spanish Patxi Usobiaga and Japanese Sachi Amma.[8] In 2010, he won the Bouldering World Cup, beating Austrian climber Kilian Fischhuber and Tsukuru Hori from Japan, becoming the first athlete in history to win the World Cup in both disciplines (lead and bouldering).[9]
Ondra failed to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics at the 2019 IFSC Climbing World Championships, as he was disqualified for accidentally toeing a bolt during the lead climbing portion of the combined event.[10] However, at the Olympic qualifying event in Toulouse later that year, he managed to secure a place in the Olympic Games,[11] despite falling ill after reaching the finals of the event.
In April 2021 Ondra won gold in the bouldering discipline at the IFSC World Cup in Meiringen, Switzerland. This marked his 20th World Cup gold medal.[12] In August 2021, Ondra finished in sixth place at the 2020 Summer Olympics.[13]
Rock climbing
During a March 2011 trip to Spain, Ondra became the second-ever person to onsight a Шаблон:Climbing grade route, after Patxi Usobiaga.[14] On October 4, 2012, Ondra redpointed Change in the Hanshelleren Cave, Flatanger, Norway, the world's first-ever route to receive a grade of Шаблон:Climbing grade.[4][15]
On February 7, 2013, Ondra ascended La Dura Dura in Oliana, Catalonia, Spain, his second Шаблон:Climbing grade after Change. He worked on this project with American climber Chris Sharma, and the first ascent took Ondra nine weeks.[16] On February 9, 2013, two days after La Dura Dura, Ondra succeeded in the second ascent of the Шаблон:Climbing grade route, Fight or flight, first climbed by Sharma in 2011.[17] On July 9, 2013, Ondra realized the second-ever onsight of a Шаблон:Climbing grade route in history, after Alexander Megos, with the ascent of Cabane au Canada in Rawyl, Switzerland.[5]
On November 21, 2016, Ondra completed the second free ascent of the 1,000-metre granite route, The Dawn Wall, a 32-pitch grade Шаблон:Climbing grade big wall climbing route at El Capitan in the Yosemite Valley. The route was widely regarded as the hardest big wall climbing route in the world. Ondra led every pitch and completed the project in 8 days (the first ascenders, Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson alternated leads, and spent 19 days on the wall).[18]
On April 23, 2017, Ondra set a new highpoint for Black Diamond's The Project indoor sport route in Stockholm, Sweden, which is believed to be the hardest in the world.[19]
On September 3, 2017, after about 4 years of dedicated work and training, Ondra climbed Silence, in the Hanshelleren Cave in Flatanger, Norway. Silence was the world's first-ever route to have a proposed grade of Шаблон:Climbing grade.[3] On February 10, 2018, Ondra completed the world's first-ever flash of a confirmed Шаблон:Climbing grade route with his ascent of Super Crackinette in Saint-Léger du Ventoux, France.[20]
Rankings
Climbing World Cup
Discipline | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lead | 1 | 3 | 57 | - | 11 | 3 | 1 | 23 | 27 | 31 | 1 | 31 |
Bouldering | 15 | 1 | - | - | - | 24 | 3 | - | - | - | 2 | 3 |
Speed | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
Combined | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | 2 | 1 | - | 65 | - | 2 | - |
Climbing World Championships
Youth[22]
Discipline | 2007 Youth B |
2008 Youth B |
2009 Youth A |
---|---|---|---|
Lead | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Adult[22]
Discipline | 2009 | 2011 | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 | 2018 | 2019 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lead | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Bouldering | - | 2 | - | 1 | 2 | 17 | 6 |
Speed | - | 70 | - | - | - | 81 | 58 |
Combined | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 18 |
Climbing European Championships
Discipline | 2010 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | 2019 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lead | 2 | - | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Bouldering | 2 | - | 2 | - | - | 3 |
Rock Master
Discipline | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lead | 3 | 3 | 5 | - | ||||
Duel | 1 | 2 | - | 1 | 1 | |||
KO Boulder | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
Number of medals in the Climbing European Youth Cup
Lead
Season | Category | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 | Youth B | 5 | 5 | ||
2008 | Youth B | 5 | 5 | ||
Total | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
Number of medals in the Climbing World Cup
Lead
Season | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 4 | 4 | ||
2010 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
2011 2012 |
0 | |||
2013 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
2014 | 3 | 3 | ||
2015 | 2 | 2 | 4 | |
2016 | 0 | |||
2017 | 1 | 1 | ||
2018 | 0 | |||
2019 | 3 | 3 | ||
2020 | 1 | 1 | ||
2021 | 0 | |||
2022 | 1 | 1 | ||
2023 | 1 | 1 | ||
Total | 16 | 6 | 1 | 23 |
Bouldering
Season | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 1 | 1 | ||
2010 | 3 | 2 | 5 | |
2011 2012 2013 |
0 | |||
2014 | 1 | 1 | ||
2015 | 2 | 2 | ||
2016 2017 2018 |
0 | |||
2019 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
2021 | 2 | 2 | ||
2022 | 0 | |||
2023 | 1 | 1 | ||
Total | 6 | 6 | 3 | 15 |
Single-pitch routes
The table below shows the large number of routes graded Шаблон:Climbing grade or more ascended by Adam Ondra in about 16 years, from August 2, 2002 (when he redpointed his first 8a) to November 10, 2018.[2] The total number is 1554, of which one was at Шаблон:Climbing grade and 725 were onsighted, including four onsights at Шаблон:Climbing grade and one flash at Шаблон:Climbing grade.[2]
Grade | Redpoint | Flash | On-sight | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 1 | 1 | ||
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 4 | 4 | ||
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 20 | 20 | ||
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 39 | 1 | 40 | |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 101 | 2 | 4 | 107 |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 124 | 1 | 21 | 146 |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 110 | 1 | 61 | 172 |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 96 | 4 | 85 | 185 |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 108 | 19 | 143 | 270 |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 82 | 17 | 207 | 306 |
Шаблон:Climbing grade | 65 | 35 | 205 | 305 |
Total | 750 | 80 | 725 | 1555 |
Redpoint
- Silence (originally known as Project hard) - Flatanger (NOR) - September 3, 2017 - First ascent, and world's first-ever proposed Шаблон:Climbing grade route (the grade has to be confirmed).[3][23]
- Zvěřinec (Menagerie) - Holštejn (CZE) - November 20, 2022 - First ascent - Adam claims this as his hardest 9b+ and therefore the second hardest route of his life.[24]
- Vasil Vasil - Sloup v Čechách (CZE) - December 4, 2013 - First ascent
- La Dura Dura - Oliana (ESP) - February 7, 2013 - First ascent[16]
- Change - Flatanger ([[Norway|Шаблон:ISO 3166 code-3]]) - October 4, 2012 - First ascent, and the world's first-ever Шаблон:Climbing grade route.[4]
- Wonderland - Arco (ITA) - March 2022 - First ascent. Ondra graded the route 9b/9b+ or hard 9b, making it the hardest route in Italy.
- Bomba - Arco (ITA) - March 2022 - First ascent
- The Lonely Mountain - Arco (ITA) - December 2021. Second ascent after Stefano Ghisolfi.
- Taurus - Býčí skála (CZE) - December 2021 - First Ascent
- Erebor - Arco (ITA) - November 2021
- Neanderthal - Santa Linya (ESP) - February 12, 2019
- Disbelief - Acephale (CAN) - July 20, 2018 - First ascent [25]
- Eagle-4 - St. Léger (FRA) - February 13, 2018 - First ascent
- One Slap - Arco (ITA) - November 13, 2017 - First ascent
- Move Hard - Flatanger (NOR) - July 10, 2017 - First ascent (link-up of two neighboring routes; through first crux of Move into second crux of Silence, at the time known as Project Hard)
- Lapsus - Andonno (ITA) - April 20, 2017 - Second ascent [26]
- Queen Line - Laghel (Arco, ITA) - April 19, 2017 - First ascent [27]
- Mamichula - Oliana (ESP) - February 8, 2017 - First ascent [28]
- Robin Ud - Alternativna stena ([[Slovakia|Шаблон:ISO 3166 code-3]]) - October 5, 2016 - First ascent[29]
- Stoking the Fire - Santa Linya (ESP) - February 19, 2016 - Second ascent of Chris Sharma's route
- C.R.S. - Mollans sur Ouvèze (FRA) - November 2, 2015 - First ascent
- First Round First Minute - Margalef (ESP) - February 3, 2014 - Second ascent of Chris Sharma's route
- Move - Flatanger (NOR) - August 20, 2013 - First ascent. Ondra graded the route "9b/9b+, or just hard 9b".[30] Repeated on June 17, 2019 by Seb Bouin, who later on upgraded the route to 9b+.[31]
- Iron Curtain - Flatanger (NOR) - August 3, 2013 - First ascent
- Fight or flight - Oliana (ESP) - February 9, 2013 - Second ascent of Chris Sharma's route (2011)[17]
- La planta de Shiva - Villanueva del Rosario (ESP) - April 22, 2011 - First ascent[32]
- Chilam Balam -Villanueva del Rosario (ESP) - April 13, 2011 - Second ascent (however Bernabe Fernandez's first ascent is not confirmed)[33]
- Chaxi Raxi - Oliana (ESP) - March 27, 2011 - First ascent of Chaxi direct start[34]
- La Capella - Siurana (ESP) - February 16, 2011 - First ascent[35]
- Golpe de Estado - Siurana (ESP) - March 13, 2010 - Second ascent of Chris Sharma's route (2008)[36]
- Bohemian Rhapsody - Velká (CZE) - April, 2020 - First Ascent
- Catxasa - Santa Linya (ESP) - February 10, 2019
- Czech trip - Mavrovi Anovi (MKD) - October 19, 2018 - First Ascent
- Sacrifice - Echo Canyon (CAN) - July 23, 2018 - First ascent
- Stone Butterfly - Herculane (ROU) - May 15, 2018 - First ascent
- Underground Dreaming - Arco (ITA) - February 24, 2018 - First ascent
- Super Crackinette - Saint-Léger du Ventoux (FRA) - February 10, 2018 - Flash
- Naturalmente - Camaiore (ITA) - April 21, 2017 - First ascent[37]
- Ultimatum - Massone (Arco, (ITA) - April 19, 2017 - third ascent [27]
- Predator - Bohemian Karst (CZE) - November 19, 2015 - first ascent, the hardest route in Bohemia[38]
- Three Degrees of Separation - Céüse (FRA) - July 27, 2015 - second ascent of Chris Sharma's route (2007)
- Realization - Céüse (FRA) - July 22, 2014 - tenth ascent
- Ini Ameriketan - Baltzola (ESP) - May 9, 2014
- Hell Racer - Hell (NOR) - September 22, 2013 - first ascent
- Kangaroo's Limb - Flatanger (NOR) - September 21, 2013 - first ascent
- Torture Physique Integrale - Gastlosen (CHE) - July 7, 2013 - first ascent
- Power Inverter - Oliana (ESP) - January 25, 2013 - second ascent of Chris Sharma's route (2010)
- Thor's Hammer - Flatanger (NOR) - July 8, 2012 - first ascent (now downgraded to 9a)
- Jungle Boogie - Céüse (FRA) - June 7, 2012 - first ascent[39]
- Perlorodka - Holstejn (Moravsky Kras, CZE) - September 6, 2011 - first ascent
- Overshadow - Malham Cove ([[United Kingdom|Шаблон:ISO 3166 code-3]]) - May 16, 2011 - Second ascent of Steve McClure's route[40]
- Chaxi - Oliana (ESP) - March 21, 2011 - first ascent of Chris Sharma's project
- Obrint el sistema - Santa Ana (ESP) - March 14, 2011 - first ascent of Daniel Andrada's project[41]
- L'étrange ivresse des lenteurs - Céüse (FRA) - September 4, 2010 - First ascent[42]
- Goldrake - Cornalba (ITA) - April 6, 2010 - first ascent[43]
- Marina Superstar - Domusnovas (ITA) - October 20, 2009 - first ascent[44]
- Corona - Frankenjura (DEU) - June 7, 2009 - second ascent of Markus Bock's route (2006)[45]
- Papichulo - Oliana (ESP) - February 24, 2009 - second ascent of Chris Sharma's route (2008)[46]
- Open Air - Schleierwasserfall (AUT) - November 17, 2008 - second ascent of Alexander Huber's route (1996)[47]
- La Rambla - Siurana (ESP) - February 10, 2008 - sixth ascent[48]
On-sight
- Water World - Osp (SLO) - Nov 2022 - [50]
- TCT - Gravere (ITA) - July 11, 2014
- Il Domani - Baltzola (ESP) - May 3, 2014
- Cabane au Canada - Rawyl ([[Switzerland|Шаблон:ISO 3166 code-3]]) - July 9, 2013 - Second-ever 9a onsight in history[5]
- Blut und Honig - Höllental (AUT) - September 30, 2019[51][52]
- Just Do It - Smith Rock (Oregon, USA) - November 12, 2018
- C'est la vie - Alternatívna stena (SVK) - October 5, 2016[53]
- Super Plafond - Volx (FRA) - July 6, 2014
- Chambao - Baltzola (ESP) - May 7, 2013[54]
- Pure Imagination - Red River Gorge (USA) - November 1, 2012
- Golden Ticket - Red River Gorge (USA) - November 1, 2012
- Muy Verdes - Flatanger (NOR) - July 11, 2012
- Eye of Odin - Flatanger (NOR) - July 8, 2012
- Deltaplane Man Direct - Entraygues (FRA) - May 31, 2012
- Bella Regis - Bus De Vela (ITA) - April 7, 2012[55]
- L'Avaro - Tetto di Sarre (ITA) - July 13, 2011[56]
- La Rubia - Villanueva del Rosario (ESP) - April 13, 2011
- Blanquita - Oliana (ESP) - March 27, 2011[57]
- Mind Control - Oliana (ESP) - March 20, 2011[58]
- Powerade - Vadiello (ESP) - March 9, 2011[59]
- Bizi Euskaraz - Etxauri (ESP) - March 7, 2011[60]
- Kidetasunaren balio erantsia - Etxauri (ESP) - March 6, 2011 - Second-ever 8c+ onsight in history after Bizi Euskaraz by Patxi Usobiaga in 2007[61]
- Aktion Talon - Höllental (AUT) - June 29, 2013
- Into the Wild - Jaén (ESP) - March 16, 2013
- Terapia de Grito - Cuenca (ESP) - February 13, 2013
- El Calvario del Sicario - Cuenca (ESP) - February 10, 2013
- Nordic Flower - Flatanger (NOR) - July 9, 2012
- Scoglio de Capri - Bus De Vela (ITA) - April 7, 2012
- Iluzija - Kotecnik (SVN) - April 5, 2012
- 5 Uve - Arco (ITA) - June 27, 2011
- Bat Route - Malham Cove (GBR) - May 16, 2011
- Carbunco - Archidona (ESP) - April 23, 2011
- Kalliste - Archidona (ESP) - April 23, 2011
- Fuck the police - Etxauri (ESP) - March 6, 2011
- Dures Limites - Céüse (FRA) - August 10, 2010[62]
- Smoke - Pierrot beach (FRA) - August 5, 2010
- Home Sweet Home - Pierrot beach (FRA) - August 5, 2010
- Guère d'usure - Claret (FRA) - January 29, 2010[63]
- Super Samson - Claret (FRA) - January 29, 2010[63]
- Gora Guta Gutarak - Kalymnos ([[Greece|Шаблон:ISO 3166 code-3]]) - May 22, 2009[64]
- Una Vida Nomada - Covolo (ITA) - April 21, 2009[65]
- Nagay - Covolo (ITA) - April 21, 2009[65]
- L'espiadimondis - Margalef (ESP) - March 2, 2009
- Los Humildes Pa Casa - Oliana (ESP) - February 24, 2009
- Métaphysique Des Tubes - Seynes (FRA) - February 21, 2009
- Absinth - Sparchen (AUT) - August 16, 2008
- Rollito Sharma Extension - Santa Linya (ESP) - February 7, 2008
- Digital System - Santa Linya (ESP) - February 5, 2008
Boulder problems
Ondra won the bouldering gathering Melloblocco in 2008,[66] 2009[67] 2010[68] and 2011.[69]
He climbed 293 boulder problems between Шаблон:Boulder grade and Шаблон:Boulder grade.[70] Specifically:
- 4 8C+/V16
- 10 8C/V15
- 31 8B+/V14
- 57 8B/V13
- 76 8A+/V12
- 115 8A/V11
- Brutal Rider - Moravian Karst (CZE) - May 25, 2020 - First ascent
- Ledoborec - Moravian Karst (CZE) - May 24, 2020 - First ascent
- Gioia - Varazze (ITA) - December 6, 2011 - Second ascent of Christian Core's boulder (2008)[71]
- Terranova - Holštejn (Moravian Karst, CZE) - November 10, 2011 - First ascent, traverse[72]
- Vrtule - Holštejn (Moravian Karst, CZE) - October 13, 2017 - First ascent,[73]
- Nunavut - Sloup (Moravian Karst), (CZE) - November 15, 2019 - First ascent
- Pučmeloun - Sloup (Moravian Karst), (CZE) - November 15, 2019 - First ascent
- Ghost Rider - (Moravian Karst), (CZE) - September 24, 2019 - Second ascent
- Cháron - Petrohrad (Mlýnský vrch), (CZE) - October 15, 2011 - First ascent[74]
- Practice of the Wild - Magic Wood (CHE) - October 1, 2011 - Chris Sharma's boulder (2004)
- Pata ledovce - Holštejn (Moravian Karst, CZE) - September 6, 2011 - First ascent[75]
- Monkey Wedding - Rocklands (ZAF) - August 14, 2011 - Third ascent of Fred Nicole's boulder (2002)
- From The Dirt Grows the Flowers - Chironico (CHE) - November 30, 2010 - Dave Graham's boulder (2005)[76]
- Big Paw - Chironico (CHE) - November 29, 2010 - Third ascent of Dave Graham's boulder (2008)[77]
Multi-pitch routes
- The Dawn Wall - El Capitan (USA) - 3,000 feet (915 meters) tall - 32 pitches, at least two of which graded Шаблон:Climbing grade. Described as the hardest big wall in the world.
- January 14, 2015 - Redpointed by Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson in 19 days, after 7 years of mapping.[78][79]
- November 21, 2016 - Redpointed by Adam Ondra in 8 days, after a few weeks of practicing the already mapped ascent.[80]
- Mora Mora - Tsaranoro Atsimo ([[Madagascar|Шаблон:ISO 3166 code-3]]) - October 10, 2010 - First free ascent
- Bravo Les Filles - Tsaranoro Kelly (MDG) - October 7, 2010
- Tough Enough Original - Karambony (MDG) - October 4, 2010 - First free ascent[81]
- Tough Enough - Karambony (MDG) - September 30, 2010 - First free ascent[82]
- Hotel Supramonte - Gole di Gorroppu (ITA) - October 18, 2008 - First onsight ascent[83]
- Ali Baba - Paroi Derobée (Aiglun, FRA) - 2008 - Second ascent[84]
- WoGü - Rätikon (CHE) - July 26, 2008 - First free ascent of Beat Kammerlander's route (1997)[85]
- Zub za zub - Rätikon (CHE) - July 29, 2007 - First free ascent[86]
- Silbergeier - Rätikon (CHE) - July 27, 2007[87]
Filmography
- The Fanatic Search - 2009 - Produced by Work Less Climb More and Laurent Triay
- Progression - 2009 - by Josh Lowell - Produced by Big UP Productions
- The Wizard's Apprentice - 2012 - Directed by Petr Pavlíček - Produced by Bernartwood - 110'[88]
- Reel Rock Tour 7 - 2012 - Produced by Big UP Productions
- La Dura Complete: The Hardest Rock Climb In The World - 2014 - Part of Reel Rock 7 Шаблон:Webarchive by Big Up Productions[89]
- Change - 2014 - Directed by Petr Pavlíček - Produced by Bernartwood - [90]
- Silence—The Story of Adam Ondra and the World's First 5.15d - 2018 - by Bernardo Giménez - Produced by AO Production s.r.o.
- Ondra is also producing his own video series about qualifying and competing in the 2020 Summer Olympics, released on YouTube, called Road to Tokyo.
Books
- JAROŠ, Martin; ONDRA, Adam. Adam Ondra: lezec tělem i duší. Albatros, 2019. 200 p.
- ONDRA, Adam; GIMENEZ, Bernardo; BÍBA, Lukáš. Adam Ondra Book. AO Production, 2019. 223 p.
Awards
- 2009 Шаблон:Ill.[91]
- 2008 Salewa Rock Award[92]
- 2010 Salewa Rock Award[93]
- 2011 Salewa Rock Award[94]
- 2013 Salewa Rock Award[95]
See also
- List of grade milestones in rock climbing
- History of rock climbing
- Rankings of most career IFSC gold medals
- Chris Sharma, American rock climber
- Sébastien Bouin, French rock climber, frequent climbing-partner with Ondra
References
External links
Шаблон:Portal bar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокroutes
не указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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- ↑ 16,0 16,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 17,0 17,1 Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
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- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокIFSC Worldcups
не указан текст - ↑ 22,0 22,1 22,2 22,3 22,4 22,5 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокIFSC profile
не указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore
- ↑ Lezec.cz: Adam - Predator 9a+
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ 63,0 63,1 Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ 65,0 65,1 Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокboulders
не указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Czech free-climber Adam Ondra scales Yosemite rock wall in record time (The Daily Telegraph)
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore - 19'15
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web - 125'
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 1993 births
- Living people
- Czech rock climbers
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