Английская Википедия:Agyrium
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Agyrium is a genus of saprophytic fungi in the family Agyriaceae. It probably evolved from a lichen ancestor, as it is closely related to many lichenized species of fungi.[1]
Taxonomy
Agyrium was first proposed by Elias Magnus Fries in his 1821 work Systema Mycologicum,[2] although the name was not published validly as a type species was not indicated;[3] Fries published the name validly a year later in the second volume of the same work.[4] The species Agyrium rufum was assigned as the type by Frederic Clements and Cornelius Lott Shear in 1931.[5]
Description
Characteristics of genus Agyrium include the following: a poorly developed thallus that is immersed in its substrate; ascomata in the form of an apothecium with a reduced ring-shaped exciple (the layer surrounding the hymenium that sometimes develops into a distinct margin); paraphyses that are highly branched; and ascospores that are ellipsoid and thin-walled.[6]
The mycelia of Agyrium fungi, although not strictly lichenised, are associated with and sometimes penetrate green algae – particularly near the apothecia.[6] This is a condition that has been described as "facultative parasitism".[7]
Species
Шаблон:As of, Species Fungorum accepts two species of Agyrium.
The type species, Agyrium rufum, has a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution and occurs widely in Europe, although it has also been recorded in Tasmania.[6] Agyrium aurantium occurs in China.[8]
Although 46 taxa have been placed in Agyrium since its inception, many of them were described more than a century ago and have not been investigated with modern molecular techniques. Several of them have since been transferred to other genera. For example:
- Agyrium caesium Шаблон:Small = Puttea caesia
- Agyrium densum Шаблон:Small = Mellitiosporiella densa
- Agyrium flavescens Шаблон:Small = Skyttella mulleri
- Agyrium nigricans Шаблон:Small = Platygloea nigricans
- Agyrium nitidum Шаблон:Small = Agyriella nitida
- Agyrium phragmiticola Шаблон:Small = Neottiosporina phragmiticola
- Agyrium solidaginis Шаблон:Small = Ploettnera solidaginis
- Agyrium vulpinum Шаблон:Small = Phacopsis vulpina
References
- ↑ Esslinger, T. L. 2009. A cumulative checklist for the lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental United States and Canada. North Dakota State University. First posted December 1 1997; most recent update 27 August, 2009. Fargo, North Dakota.
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокFries 1821не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокIndex Fungorum: Agyriumне указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокFries 1822не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокClements & Shear 1931не указан текст - ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокKantvilas 2002не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокLumbsch 1997не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокZhuang & Yang 2006не указан текст
