Английская Википедия:ECMA-23

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Файл:KBD RS2376.jpg

RS2376 parallel ASCII keyboard with ECMA23/ISO layout.

Файл:BBC Micro Front Restored.jpg

Acorn BBC Microcomputer with ECMA23/ANSI layout, @ is a singleton key and Shift-underline generates £ as character 96.

Файл:KBD DellECMA.jpg

Modern Dell keyboard customised with ECMA23/ISO layout.

Файл:KBD IBMJP.jpg

IBM keyboard with Japanese EMCA23/ANSI layout.

ECMA-23 is a standard for a bit-paired keyboard layout adopted in 1969 and revised in 1975. As a bit-paired layout, shifted keys correspond to toggling bits in the ASCII keycode. This is most visible in the digits on the top row, where shifting Шаблон:Keypress give Шаблон:Keypress, and Шаблон:Keypress, Шаблон:Keypress and Шаблон:Keypress are paired.

The ECMA-23 layout has two options, being the same as the ISO 2530 or the ANSI-X4.14 bit-paired layout.

In the UK, ECMA-23 layout keyboards were used on most 8-bit computers such as the Acorn BBC computers and the earlier Atom and Systems, the Amstrad CPC series, and (to an extent) the ZX Spectrum. While bit-paired layouts have generally given way to typewriter layouts it remains as the Japanese keyboard layout.

Technical details

ECMA-23 keyboard layout.

• The Шаблон:Keypress and Шаблон:Keypress keys may be at the left as per ISO2530 or at the right as per ANSI-X4.14.
• Character 96 is generated either with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress with Шаблон:Keypress a singleton key, or with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress with Шаблон:Keypress a singleton key.
• Underline may be generated with Shifted-Шаблон:Keypress instead of with its own key. If this is done then Shift-Шаблон:Keypress is used to generate character 96.
• If a key is labelled Шаблон:Keypress it should be at the top-right; if a key is labelled Шаблон:Keypress it should be at the bottom-right.
• If the key to the left of Шаблон:Keypress is not Шаблон:Keypress, it is Шаблон:Keypress.

The most common layouts are:

• "BBC Micro": ECMA23/ANSI with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress generating character 96
• "Japan": ECMA23/ANSI with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress generating character 96 and an extra key to the right of Шаблон:KeypressШаблон:Keypress generating Шаблон:KeypressШаблон:Keypress
• "PC": ECMA23/ISO with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress generating character 96

Examples

Acorn Atom and Acorn System	ECMA23/ANSI	Шаблон:Keypress Шаблон:Keypress Шаблон:Keypress Шаблон:Keypress Шаблон:Keypress shuffled
RS2376 keyboard	ECMA23/ISO	character 96 generated with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress
BBC Microcomputer series	ECMA23/ANSI	character 96 as £ generated with Shift-Шаблон:Keypress
Amstrad CPC	ECMA23/ANSI	Шаблон:KeypressШаблон:Keypress and Шаблон:KeypressШаблон:Keypress swapped, Шаблон:Keypress moved, Shift-Шаблон:Keypress and Shift-Шаблон:Keypress swapped, Шаблон:Keypress in the Шаблон:Keypress location

External links

• Standard ECMA-23 for Keyboards