Английская Википедия:Echium vulgare
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Italic title Шаблон:Speciesbox
Echium vulgare, known as viper's bugloss and blueweed,[1] is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is native to most of Europe and western and central Asia[2][3] and it occurs as an introduced species in north-eastern North America, south-western South America and the South and North Island of New Zealand.[1][4] The plant root was used in ancient times as a treatment for snake or viper bites.[5] If eaten, the plant is toxic to horses and cattle through the accumulation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the liver.[6][7]
Description
It is a biennial or monocarpic perennial plant growing to Шаблон:Convert tall, with rough, hairy, oblanceolate leaves.[8] The flowers start pink and turn vivid blue, and are Шаблон:Convert in a branched spike, with all the stamens protruding. The pollen is blue[9] but the filaments of the stamens remain red, contrasting against the blue flowers. It flowers between May and September in the Northern Hemisphere. The Latin specific epithet vulgare means common.[5]
Distribution
It is native to Europe and temperate Asia. It has been introduced to Chile,[10] New Zealand[11] and North America, where it is naturalised in parts of the continent including northern Michigan,[3] being listed as an invasive species in Washington.[12] It is found in dry, calcareous grassland and heaths, bare and waste places, along railways and roadsides and on coastal cliffs, sand dunes and shingle.[13]
Cultivation
E. vulgare is cultivated as an ornamental plant, and numerous cultivars have been developed. The cultivar 'Blue Bedder' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.[14][15]
Gallery
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Being pollinated by skipper butterflies
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Illustration
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Closeup of flower
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Colonizing the banks of a Montreal city highway
See also
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Dickinson, T.; Metsger, D.; Bull, J.; & Dickinson, R. (2004) ROM Field Guide to Wildflowers of Ontario. Toronto:Royal Ontario Museum, p. 203.
- ↑ Flora Europaea: Echium vulgare
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:GRIN
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Fitter, R. & A. (1974). The Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- Crops originating from Asia
- Plants described in 1753
- Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
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