Английская Википедия:Española Island
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Infobox islands
Española or Espanola Island (Шаблон:Lang-es) is the most southerly of the Galápagos Islands in Ecuador, about a 10 to 12-hour trip by boat from Santa Cruz.
Names
Española, Spanish for "Little Spain", is named for Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea owing to its discovery by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage. The name was changed with several other islands in 1892 during the celebration of the quadricentennial of Columbus's voyage.
The English pirate William Ambrosia Cowley named the island King Charles's IslandШаблон:Sfnp in 1684 in honor of the then-reigning monarch [[Charles II of England|CharlesШаблон:NbspII]] of England.Шаблон:Sfnp However, the British captain James Colnett later misunderstood Cowley's maps and accidentally transferred that name to what is now Floreana Island.Шаблон:Sfnp Thinking Española undiscovered until that point, he renamed it Hood Island in 1793 in honor of Admiral Samuel Hood, Baronet of Catherington and 1st Baron Hood, later created 1st Viscount Hood for his success in the Napoleonic Wars.Шаблон:Sfnp
Geography
Española is one of Ecuador's Galápagos Islands.[1] Located at the extreme southeast of the archipelago, it is considered to be one of the oldest of the islands, having first formed approximately four million years ago. The climate is generally dry, receiving only a few inches of rain per year.
Wildlife
While Española Island is one of the oldest of the Galápagos Islands, this island is dying, slowly becoming a rocky, barren land with little or no vegetation.Шаблон:Citation needed Its large bays, however, have soft sand and attract Galápagos sea lions. A major draw is the waved albatrosses since, from March to January, almost the entire world population breeds on the island. Another draw is the mating dances of blue-footed boobies. Two spots are especially popular, Gardner Bay (Шаблон:Lang) with its beach and Suarez Point (Шаблон:Lang) because of its varied bird-life. This island has its own species of animals, such as the Hood mockingbird, which has a longer and more curved beak than the one on the central islands; the Española lava lizard; and the marine iguana of the subspecies Шаблон:Lang, which has red markings on its back. There are also swallow-tailed gulls, Galapagos hawks, and other birds. The island has been recognized as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International.[2] In January 2020, it was widely reported that a male Galápagos tortoise named Diego fathered and resurrected the island tortoise population, saving the diminishing species from near extinction.[3]
In popular culture
The American author Herman Melville mentions the island in his 1854 novella The Encantadas. The 1982 novel La Iguana by Spanish author Alberto Vázquez-Figueroa takes place on the island. The novel was later dramatized as the 1988 film Iguana by American director Monte Hellman.[4]
References
Citations
Bibliography
External links
- Шаблон:Wikivoyage-inline
- Espanola Island
- Espanola wildlife and visitor sites Galapagosonline.com*
- Fauna at Gardner Bay
- Шаблон:Citation
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Islands of the Galápagos Islands
- Seabird colonies
- Important Bird Areas of the Galápagos Islands
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
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