Английская Википедия:French submarine Germinal

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Шаблон:Short description

Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics

Germinal was one of 18 Шаблон:Sclasss built for the French Navy (Шаблон:Lang) in the first decade of the 20th century.

Design and description

The Pluviôse class were built as part of the French Navy's 1905 building program to a double-hull design by Maxime Laubeuf.[1] The submarines displaced Шаблон:Convert surfaced and Шаблон:Convert submerged. They had an overall length of Шаблон:Convert, a beam of Шаблон:Convert, and a draft of Шаблон:Convert. Their crew numbered 2 officers and 23 enlisted men.[2]

For surface running, the boats were powered by two Шаблон:Convert triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one propeller shaft using steam provided by two Du Temple boilers. When submerged each propeller was driven by a Шаблон:Convert electric motor.[3] On the surface they were designed to reach a maximum speed of Шаблон:Convert and Шаблон:Convert underwater.[1] The submarines had a surface endurance of Шаблон:Convert at Шаблон:Convert and a submerged endurance of Шаблон:Cvt at Шаблон:Convert.[4]

The first six boats completed, including Germinal, were armed with a single Шаблон:Convert internal bow torpedo tube. All of the boats were fitted with six 450 mm external torpedo launchers; the pair firing forward were fixed outwards at an angle of seven degrees and the rear pair had an angle of five degrees. Following a ministerial order on 22 February 1910, the aft tubes were reversed so they too fired forward, but at an angle of eight degrees. The other launchers were a rotating pair of Drzewiecki drop collars in a single mount positioned on top of the hull at the stern. They could traverse 150 degrees to each side of the boat. The Pluviôse-class submarines carried eight torpedoes.[5]

Construction and career

Germinal, named after the first month of spring in the French Republican calendar, was ordered on 26 August 1905 from the Arsenal de Cherbourg. The submarine was laid down in 1906, launched on 7 December 1907 and commissioned on 30 December 1908.[6]

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Pluviôse class submarines

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Gardiner & Gray, p. 209
  2. ↑ Garier 1998, pp. 51, 54, 56, 65
  3. ↑ Garier 1998, pp. 56–59
  4. ↑ Garier 1998, p. 67
  5. ↑ Garier 1998, pp. 59–60
  6. ↑ Couhat, p. 140; Garier 1998, p. 49
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