Английская Википедия:Gaura
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Hatnote group Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Gaura was a genus of flowering plants in the family Onagraceae, native to North America. The name was derived from Greek Шаблон:Lang (gaûros) meaning "superb" and named in reference to the stature and floral display of some species in this genus.[1] The genus included many species known commonly as beeblossoms. Genetic research showed that the genus was paraphyletic unless the monotypic genus Stenosiphon is included within Gaura, increasing the number of species in the genus to 22.[2][3][4] Gaura is now a synonym of Oenothera,[5] with the bulk of the Gaura taxa in genus Oenothera sect. Gaura Шаблон:Small.[6]
Gauras are annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plants; most are perennials with sturdy rhizomes, often forming dense thickets, crowding or shading out other plant species. They have a basal rosette of leaves, with erect or spreading flowering stems up to 2 m (rarely more) tall, leafy on the lower stem, branched and leafless on the upper stem. The flowers have four (rarely three) petals; they are zygomorphic, with all the petals directed somewhat upwards. The fruit is an indehiscent nut-like body containing reddish-brown seeds. It reproduces via seeds and also by rhizome growth.[2]
- Species formerly in Gaura
- Gaura angustifolia
- Gaura biennis
- Gaura boquillensis
- Gaura brachycarpa
- Gaura calcicola
- Gaura coccinea
- Gaura demareei
- Gaura drummondii
- Gaura filipes
- Gaura hexandra
- Gaura lindheimeri
- Gaura linifolia (syn. Stenosiphon linifolius)
- Gaura longiflora
- Gaura macrocarpa
- Gaura mckelveyae
- Gaura mutabilis
- Gaura neomexicana
- Gaura parviflora (syn. G. mollis)
- Gaura sinuata
- Gaura suffulta
- Gaura triangulata
- Gaura villosa
Several species of the former Gaura are regarded as noxious weeds, especially in disturbed or overgrazed areas where it easily takes hold. They can become a nuisance in situations involving disturbed habitat, such as trampled rangeland and clearings. Efforts to control Gaura focus mainly on prevention of misuse of land. There is no biological control method for plants of genus Gaura, and removing existing infestations is difficult, due in large part to the plants' ability to reproduce from bits of rhizome left in the ground.[7]
Despite the poor reputation of these plants, some species are cultivated as garden plants, such as G. lindheimeri (white gaura).
Synonymy
In 2007, Warren L. Wagner, Peter C. Hoch, and Peter H. Raven published a Revised Classification of the Onagraceae,[6] which moved the bulk of the Gaura taxa into genus Oenothera sect. Gaura Шаблон:Small and made Gaura a synonym of Oenothera.[5] The following table shows where the Gaura taxa have been placed.[8][9]
| Synonym | Accepted Name | Common Name[10] |
|---|---|---|
| Gaura Шаблон:Small | Oenothera Шаблон:Small | beeblossom |
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Gauridium | ||
| Gaura mutabilis Шаблон:Small | O. anomala Шаблон:Small | anomalous Oenothera |
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Stenosiphon | ||
| Stenosiphon virgatus Шаблон:Small | O. glaucifolia Шаблон:Small | false gaura |
| Stenosiphon linifolius Шаблон:Small | ||
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Schizocarya | ||
| Gaura mollis Шаблон:Small | O. curtiflora Шаблон:Small | velvetweed, smallflowered gaura, velvety gaura, willow gaura |
| Gaura parviflora Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. parviflora var. lachnocarpa Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. parviflora var. parviflora | ||
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Xerogaura | ||
| Gaura macrocarpa Шаблон:Small | O. arida Шаблон:Small | Trans-Pecos beeblossom |
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Campogaura | ||
| Gaura boquillensis Шаблон:Small | O. boquillensis Шаблон:Small | Rio Grande beeblossom |
| Gaura coccinea Шаблон:Small | O. suffrutescens Шаблон:Small | scarlet beeblossom, scarlet gaura |
| G. coccinea var. arizonica Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. coccinea var. epilobioides Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. coccinea var. glabra Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. coccinea var. parvifolia Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. coccinea var. coccinea | ||
| Gaura glabra Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura odorata Шаблон:Small | ||
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Stipogaura | ||
| Gaura calcicola Шаблон:Small | O. calcicola Шаблон:Small | Texas beeblossom |
| Gaura villosa Шаблон:Small | O. cinerea Шаблон:Small | woolly beeblossom, woolly gaura |
| G. villosa ssp. villosa Шаблон:Small | O. cinerea ssp. cinerea Шаблон:Small |
woolly beeblossom |
| G. villosa var. villosa | ||
| G. villosa var. arenicola Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. villosa ssp. parksii Шаблон:Small | O. cinerea ssp. parksii Шаблон:Small | hairy gaura, Parks' beeblossom |
| G. villosa var. parksii Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. villosa var. mckelveyae Шаблон:Small | O. mckelveyae Шаблон:Small | Mckelvey's beeblossom |
| Gaura mckelveyae Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura filipes Шаблон:Small | O. filipes Шаблон:Small | slenderstalk beeblossom |
| G. filipes var. major Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura michauxii Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura sinuata Шаблон:Small | O. sinuosa Шаблон:Small | wavyleaf beeblossom, wavyleaf gaura |
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Xenogaura | ||
| Gaura drummondii Шаблон:Small | O. xenogaura Шаблон:Small | Drummond's beeblossom, scented gaura |
| Oenothera sect. Gaura subsect. Gaura | ||
| Gaura neomexicana Шаблон:Small | O. coloradensis ssp. neomexicana Шаблон:Small |
New Mexico beeblossom |
| G. neomexicana ssp. neomexicana | ||
| G. neomexicana var. neomexicana | ||
| G. neomexicana ssp. coloradensis Шаблон:Small |
O. coloradensis ssp. coloradensis Шаблон:Small |
Colorado beeblossom, Colorado butterfly plant |
| G. neomexicana var. coloradensis Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura demareei Шаблон:Small | O. demareei Шаблон:Small | Demaree's beeblossom |
| Gaura biennis Шаблон:Small | O. gaura Шаблон:Small | biennial beeblossom |
| G. biennis var. pitcheri Шаблон:Small | O. filiformis Шаблон:Small | longflower beeblossom |
| Gaura pitcheri Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura filiformis Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura longiflora Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura tripetala Шаблон:Small | O. hexandra ssp. hexandra Шаблон:Small |
harlequin bush, slender gaura |
| Gaura hexandra Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. hexandra var. hexandra | ||
| G. hexandra ssp. hexandra | ||
| G. hexandra ssp. gracilis Шаблон:Small |
O. hexandra ssp. gracilis Шаблон:Small |
harlequin bush |
| Gaura gracilis Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. hexandra var. coryi Шаблон:Small | O. patriciae Шаблон:Small |
plains beeblossom |
| G. tripetala var. coryi Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura brachycarpa Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. hexandra var. triangulata Шаблон:Small | O. triangulata Шаблон:Small | prairie beeblossom, three-petal gaura |
| Gaura triangulata Шаблон:Small | ||
| G. tripetala var. triangulata Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura angustifolia Шаблон:Small | O. simulans Шаблон:Small | southern beeblossom |
| Gaura eatonii Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura simulans Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura suffulta Шаблон:Small | O. suffulta Шаблон:Small | kisses, roadside gaura |
| G. suffulta ssp. suffulta | ||
| G. suffulta ssp. nealleyi Шаблон:Small |
O. suffulta ssp. nealleyi Шаблон:Small |
Nealley's kisses |
| Gaura nealleyi Шаблон:Small | ||
| Gaura lindheimeri Шаблон:Small | O. lindheimeri Шаблон:Small | Lindheimer's beeblossom, white gaura |
| Clarkia sect. Phaeostoma subsect. Heterogaura | ||
| Gaura heterandra Шаблон:Small | C. heterandra Шаблон:Small | mountain clarkia |
| Eremothera | ||
| Gaura decorticans Шаблон:Small | E. boothii ssp. decorticans Шаблон:Small |
Shredding suncup |
References
Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. Шаблон:ISBN (hardback), Шаблон:ISBN (paperback). pp 175, 238
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Raven P. H., & Gregory, D. P. (1972). A revision of the genus Gaura (Onagraceae). Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 1-96.
- ↑ Carr, B. L., Crisci, J. V., & Hoch, P. C. (1990). A cladistic analysis of the genus Gaura (Onagraceae). Systematic Botany 15 (3): 454-461.
- ↑ Hoggard, G. D., Kores, P. J., Molvray, M., & Hoggard, R. K. (2004). The phylogeny of Gaura (Onagraceae) based on ITS, ETS, and trnL-F sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 139-148 full text.
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Gaura Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 13 Dec 2011
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Onagraceae Wagner,W.L et al. Revised Classification of the Onagraceae (2007)
- ↑ EncycloWeedia: Genus Gaura
- ↑ Oenothera Wagner, W. L. and P. C. Hoch. 2005-. Onagraceae, The Evening Primrose Family. 2011-12-07
- ↑ Oenothera Шаблон:Webarchive USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) 2011-12-13
- ↑ Common Names The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) 2011-12-13
