Английская Википедия:Guyanese Creole

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Guyanese English Creole (Creolese by its speakers or simply Gayiniiz) is an English-based creole language spoken by the Guyanese people. Linguistically, it is similar to other English dialects of the Caribbean region, based on 19th-century English and has loan words from West African, Indian-South Asian, Arawakan, and older Dutch languages.

Varieties and influences

There are many sub-dialects of Guyanese Creole based on geographical location, urban - rural location, and race of the speakers. For example, along the Rupununi River, where the population is largely Amerindian, a distinct form of Guyanese Creole exists. The Georgetown (capital city) urban area has a distinct accent, while within a forty-five-minute drive away from this area the dialect/accent changes again, especially if following the coast where rural villages are located.

Файл:WIKITONGUES- Sandra speaking English and Guyanese Creole.webm

WIKITONGUES- Sandra speaking English and Guyanese Creole

As with other Caribbean languages, words and phrases are very elastic, and new ones can be made up, changed or evolve within a short period. They can also be used within a very small group, until picked up by a larger community. Ethnic groups are also known to alter or include words from their own backgrounds.

A socially stratified creole speech continuum also exists between Guyanese English and Standard / British English. Speech by members of the upper classes is phonetically closest to British and American English, whereas speech by members of the lower classes most closely resembles other Caribbean English dialects. A phrase such as "I told him" may be pronounced in various parts of the continuum:

Utterance	Represents the speech of
Шаблон:IPA	acrolect speech of upper-class speakers
Шаблон:IPA	mesolect varieties of speech of middle-class speakers
Шаблон:IPA	mesolect varieties of lower-middle and urban class speakers
Шаблон:IPA
Шаблон:IPA
Шаблон:IPA
Шаблон:IPA
Шаблон:IPA	rural working class
Шаблон:IPA	basilect speech of illiterate rural laborers

Grammar

It is common in Guyanese Creole to repeat adjectives and adverbs for emphasis (the equivalent of adding "very" or "extremely" in standard British and American English). For example, "Dis wata de col col" translates into "This water is very cold". "Come now now" translates into "Come right now."

Phonology

There are several phonological markers that are present in Guyanese Creole:

• Guyanese Creole is isomorphic with the Jamaican phoneme system
• TH stopping
• Cluster reduction
• Avoidance of Шаблон:IPAblink, Шаблон:IPAblink, Шаблон:IPAblink, Шаблон:IPAblink phonemes
• H dropping
• Semivowels
• Non-rhoticity among older speakers

Sample words and phrases

The following phrases are written as they are pronounced:

• Шаблон:Lang - Meaning: "I will do it"
• Шаблон:Lang - Literally: "they want to sting your one bill" - Meaning: "they usually want to take money from you"
• Шаблон:Lang - Literally: "Every day I run the ricefield" - Meaning: "Every day I take care of the ricefield"
• Шаблон:Lang - Literally: "He been get gun" - "he had the gun"
• Шаблон:Lang - Literally: "it would have taken us a little time but we would have come out safely"
• Шаблон:Lang - Meaning: "I'm working further inland"
• Шаблон:Lang - a form of courtship (from "Шаблон:Lang", itself the result of adapting the noun "suitor" for use as a verb and then applying standard patterns to generate a gerund form)

See also

• Nation language
• Jamaican patois
• Trinidadian Creole
• Tobagonian Creole
• Sranan Tongo
• Creole language
• Spanglish

External links

• Phonology and speech examples
• Guyana based detective stories written in East Bank Demerara Creole. Includes glossary of Creole Words and Guyanese Proverbs.