Английская Википедия:Henry Clay Wood
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person
Henry Clay Wood (May 26, 1832 – August 30, 1918) was a career officer in the United States Army who attained the rank of brigadier general. A Union Army veteran of the American Civil War, he is most notable for his actions at the Battle of Wilson's Creek, which resulted in award of the Medal of Honor.
Early life
H. Clay Wood was born in Winthrop, Maine on May 26, 1832, the son of Samuel Wood and Florence (Sweet) Wood.Шаблон:Sfn He was educated in the schools of Winthrop, followed by attendance at academies in Yarmouth and Farmington.Шаблон:Sfn In 1850, he began attendance at Bowdoin College, from which he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1854.Шаблон:Sfn After college he began to study medicine with a Maine physician, but gave it up to study law instead.Шаблон:Sfn He was admitted to the bar in 1856, and in 1857 he received his Master of Arts degree from Bowdoin.Шаблон:Sfn
Start of career
Wood's father was a major general and division commander in the Maine Militia, and for several months in 1856 he served on his father's staff with the rank of major.Шаблон:Sfn During this period, Wood attended courses and lessons on military tactics and strategy at Norwich University, and in 1874 Norwich granted him a Bachelor of Science degree "in course" as though he had been a member of the Class of 1856.Шаблон:Sfn In June 1856, Wood received a commission as a second lieutenant of Infantry in the U.S. Army, and was assigned to the 1st Infantry Regiment in Texas.Шаблон:Sfn In May 1861, he was promoted to first lieutenant and assigned to the 11th Infantry Regiment.Шаблон:Sfn
Civil War
After 1861 the onset of hostilities that commenced the American Civil War, Wood was assigned to units operating in Missouri as part of a larger force commanded by Nathaniel Lyon.Шаблон:Sfn As head of the Department of the West, Lyon endeavored to keep Missouri from seceding, and to prevent federal arms, ammunition and supplies from falling into the hands of the Confederacy.Шаблон:Sfn At the August 10, 1861 Battle of Wilson's Creek, Lyon's force was outnumbered by Confederates and defeated.Шаблон:Sfn Lyon was killed, but his efforts to keep Missouri from seceding gave the Union enough time to send more troops and secure the state under federal authority.Шаблон:Sfn
Wood was in command of a mounted rifle company at Wilson's Creek, and was wounded in the fighting.Шаблон:Sfn Despite numerous deaths and wounds among his men, as well as his own head wound, Wood prevented his company from breaking down during the battle, and then led it in covering an orderly retreat from the site of fighting at Ray's cornfield despite withdrawing while under heavy Confederate small arms fire.Шаблон:Sfn In 1893, Wood's heroism at Wilson's Creek resulted in award of the Medal of Honor.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
In October, 1861 Wood was promoted to captain, and he served as a recruiting officer on the staff of John C. Frémont during Frémont's command of the Department of the West.Шаблон:Sfn He served at the War Department as a mustering officer and disbursing officer on the staff of the Army's Provost Marshal General, and he was promoted to major in June 1864.Шаблон:Sfn In March 1865, Wood received brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel for his heroism at Wilson's Creek, and to colonel to recognize his superior performance of duty in the Provost Marshal's office.Шаблон:Sfn
Post-Civil War
After the war, Wood was assigned as assistant adjutant of the 3rd Military District of Georgia,Шаблон:Sfn and then the Department of the Columbia.Шаблон:Sfn In late 1874, Wood was involved in an incident in Portland, Oregon, site of the Department of the Columbia headquarters, where he became drunk and verbally insulted a junior officer in a public setting.Шаблон:Sfn Department commander Oliver Otis Howard, a fellow Maine native and Bowdoin graduate, upbraided Wood for using abusive language and other unspecified actions "too painful to speak of."Шаблон:Sfn Howard meted out no further punishment, conditioned on Wood's agreement to completely abstain from alcohol in the future.Шаблон:Sfn Wood recovered from this incident, and continued to serve as the department's adjutant.Шаблон:Sfn When Carl Schurz was responsible for administering American Indian policy as the Secretary of the Interior, he requested Wood's assignment as a liaison to negotiate with the tribes of the Pacific Northwest and persuade them to abandon their traditional homes and lifestyles for assignment to Indian reservations.Шаблон:Sfn
Later career
Wood was promoted to lieutenant colonel in February 1887, and colonel in November 1893.Шаблон:Sfn His later assignments included adjutant of the Department of the Lakes, the Department of Texas, and the Department of Dakota.Шаблон:Sfn Wood retired from the Army in May 1896.Шаблон:Sfn On April 23, 1904 Wood was promoted to brigadier general on the retired list.Шаблон:Sfn
Retirement
In retirement, Wood was a resident of New York City.Шаблон:Sfn He was active in several fraternal and civic organizations, including the Freemasons, Royal Arch Masons, Knights Templar, and Society of Mayflower Descendants.Шаблон:Sfn He also was a companion of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. He moved to Farmington, Maine in 1909.Шаблон:Sfn
Death and burial
Wood died in Portland, Maine on August 30, 1918.Шаблон:Sfn He and his wives are buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[1]Шаблон:Sfn
Family
In 1860, Wood married Mary Frances Lord of Standish, Maine.Шаблон:Sfn She died in 1866, and in 1869 he married Mary Ann (Ferguson) Bassett of Washington, DC.Шаблон:Sfn Mary Ann Wood died in 1909.Шаблон:Sfn
With his first wife, Wood was the father of Harry Clifford Wood (b. 1863),Шаблон:Sfn a Harvard Law School graduate who practiced in several U.S. cities during his career,Шаблон:Sfn and Winthrop Samuel Wood (1865–1937),Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn a United States Military Academy graduate who served in the Spanish–American War and World War I and attained the rank of brigadier general.Шаблон:Sfn
Legacy
Mount Claywood, originally Mount Clay Wood, is a mountain in the Olympic Mountains of Washington state that is named in his honor.[2]
References
Sources
Books
Newspapers
Internet
External links
- Henry Clay Wood at ArlingtonCemetery.net, an unofficial website
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Burial Detail: Wood, Henry C (Section 1, Grave 80-a) – ANC Explorer
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite gnis
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