Английская Википедия:Hydrazinium azide

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Шаблон:Chembox

Hydrazinium azide or hydrazine azide is a chemical compound with formula Шаблон:Chem or Шаблон:ChemШаблон:Chem. It is a salt of the hydrazinium cation Шаблон:Chem and the azide anion Шаблон:Chem. It can be seen as a derivative of hydrazine Шаблон:Chem and hydrazoic acid Шаблон:Chem. It is an unstable solid.

The compound is of scientific interest because of its high nitrogen content (93% nitrogen by weight) and explosive properties.[1]

Structure

The solid undergoes structural phase transition to a different crystalline arrangement at a pressure of 13 GPa.[2]

Chemistry

Hydrazinium azide decomposes explosively into hydrazine, ammonia, and nitrogen gas:[3]

12 Шаблон:Chem → 3 Шаблон:Chem + 16 Шаблон:Chem + 19 Шаблон:Chem

Crystallization with an equimolar amount hydrazine yields the solid hydrazinium azide hydrazinate, Шаблон:ChemШаблон:Chem·Шаблон:Chem, or Шаблон:Chem, as monoclinic crystals. This compound is less hygroscopic and less volatile than pure hydrazinium azide. It decomposes explosively into nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia.[4]

At pressure of 40 GPa, hydrazinium azide decomposes yielding a linear nitrogen allotrope Шаблон:Chem or N≡Шаблон:OversetШаблон:Overset−N=N−Шаблон:OversetШаблон:Overset≡N, that decomposes to ε-N2 below 25 GPa.[2]

Reaction of hydrazinium azide with sulfuric acid gives quantitative yields of pure hydrazinediium sulfate and hydrazoic acid:[5]

[[[:Шаблон:Chem]]][[[:Шаблон:Chem]]] + H2SO4 → [[[:Шаблон:Chem]]][[[:Шаблон:Chem]]] + HN3

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist