Английская Википедия:Ilunga Sungu
Шаблон:One source Шаблон:Infobox monarch Ilunga Sungu (died c. 1810) was a ruler (Mulopwe) of the Kingdom of Luba in what is now the Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, said to have reigned from about 1780 to his death.Шаблон:Sfn
Early years
Ilunga Sungu's father was King Kekenya and his mother was a Songye princess named Dyango.Шаблон:Sfn Kekenya soon died and was succeeded by his nephew, Kumwimbe Kaumbu. Ilunga Sungu lived with his mother's Ilande subgroup of southern Songye people while he was a child. Traditions say Kumwimbe Kaumbu attacked the northern Songe and much of the fighting took place among the southern Songye, but do not mention an attack on Ilunga Sungu.Шаблон:Sfn After Kumwimbe Kaumbu died following an unsuccessful battle, he was briefly succeeded by his brother Miketo. Ilunga Sungu disputed the succession and gained the throne without serious opposition.Шаблон:Sfn
King
Ilunga Sungu gained power around 1780, although the exact date is very uncertain.Шаблон:Sfn He established his court at Katende, southwest of Lake Boya and Шаблон:Convert to the west of the Mashyo salt district of the Luba heartland. Previously the Luba kings had built their palaces northeast of Lake Boya, but the move to Katende set a precedent for locating the capital near the Mashyo resource that was followed by Ilunga Sungu's successors.Шаблон:Sfn Later he established a second residence at Kipushya village Шаблон:Convert to the east in the upper Luvidjo River valley, in the iron-producing region of Kilulwe. The two residences lay on either side of the heartland with its wealth of iron and salt.Шаблон:Sfn During his rule, the Luba Empire expanded, conquering and assimilating distant peoples, often in densely populated regions. The size achieved was impressive given that all travel was by foot or by canoe.Шаблон:Sfn
The kingdom of Mutombo Mukulu lay between the Luba kingdom to its east and the Lunda kingdom to the west. Ilunga Sungu attempted to persuade Mutombo Mukulu to accept his authority, and when this was refused made an unsuccessful attempt to conquer the kingdom.Шаблон:Sfn The Kanyok states lay still further west in the area between the Lubilash and Mbuji Mayi rivers. By tradition, the heads of these states paid tribute to the Luba emperors, and at their accession had to visit the Luba emperor and pay tribute before being acknowledged.Шаблон:Sfn Around 1800 the Kanyok states became unified, and rejected Luba authority.Шаблон:Sfn According to legend, the town of Katende had become so large that the "Lord of Hygiene" could not keep the streets clear of refuse and excrement, even working all day with the help of his sons and relatives. The old king complained, blaming the Kanyoks, and said they should take their dirt home with them. The Kanyok went back to their home in the west and never paid tribute to the Luba again.Шаблон:Sfn The Luba invaded Kanyok territory, but after various engagements were forced to withdraw.Шаблон:Sfn
To the east, the Luba under Ilunga Sungu had more success with their expansionary policy. The land east of the Lualaba River between the Lukuga and the Luvua rivers was inhabited by the Hemba, or eastern Luba, in the east and the Tumbwe further east in the highlands beside Lake Tanganyika. Luba forces raided this territory and penetrated as far as the region of Kalemie at the source of the Lukuga where it exits the lake. Some of the Luba remained there, settling among the local Holoholo people and paying tribute to the Luba emperors.Шаблон:Sfn The Hemba also became tributaries to the Luba, headed by a "fire king", who symbolically represented the Luba king.Шаблон:Sfn
Ilunga Sungu died at Katende and was buried there.Шаблон:Sfn Two of Ilunga Sungu's sons, Kape and Kumwimbe Ngombe, disputed the throne. After several engagements Kape was captured and executed, and Kumwimbe Ngombe emerged as the ruler.Шаблон:Sfn The Hemba fire kingdom in the east cut its links to the Luba empire after Ilunga Sungu died. Kumwimbe had to fight several campaigns to recover the eastern territories.Шаблон:Sfn
References
Sources
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 18th-century monarchs in Africa
- 19th-century monarchs in Africa
- 1810 deaths
- Year of birth unknown
- Lake Tanganyika
- People from Tanganyika Province
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
