Английская Википедия:Interstate 20
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Infobox road Interstate 20 (I‑20) is a major east–west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States. I-20 runs Шаблон:Convert beginning at an interchange with I-10 in Scroggins Draw, Texas, and ending at an interchange with I-95 in Florence, South Carolina. Between Texas and South Carolina, I-20 runs through northern Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia. The major cities that I-20 connects to include Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas; Shreveport, Louisiana; Jackson, Mississippi; Birmingham, Alabama; Atlanta, Georgia; and Columbia, South Carolina.
From its terminus at I-95, the highway continues about Шаблон:Convert eastward into the city of Florence as I-20 Business (I-20 Bus.).
Route description
Шаблон:Lengths table |- |TX |Шаблон:Convert |- |LA |Шаблон:Convert |- |MS |Шаблон:Convert |- |AL |Шаблон:Convert |- |GA |Шаблон:Convert |- |SC |Шаблон:Convert |- |Total |Шаблон:Convert |} Шаблон:Multiple image
I-20 runs from Texas to South Carolina serving major southern economic hubs such as Dallas–Fort Worth and Atlanta.[1]
Texas
I-20 begins in Scroggins Draw at a fork with I-10. From there, the highway travels east-northeastward through Odessa, Midland, and Abilene before turning eastward toward the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The La Entrada al Pacífico corridor runs along I-20 between US Route 385 (US 385) and Farm to Market Road 1788 (FM 1788). Between Monahans and I-10, I-20 has an Шаблон:Convert speed limit.
From the highway's opening in the 1960s through 1977, I-20 originally went through the heart of the metroplex via the Dallas–Fort Worth Turnpike. This old route is now signed I-30 (Dallas–Fort Worth Turnpike and from US 80/I-30 intersection at Mesquite to Downtown Dallas), US 80 (former stretch between I-635 and Terrell), and Spur 557 (bypass around Terrell). In 1977, I-20 was rerouted to go through the southern sections of Fort Worth, Arlington, Grand Prairie, Dallas, and Mesquite. It split off from the old route initially at I-820 in west Fort Worth the later on at its current junction near Aledo in Parker County. It rejoins the old route near Terrell. Part of I-20 in Dallas used to be signed as I-635 and shares the Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway name with the remainder of I-635. Parts on the south side of Fort Worth were originally signed as I-820.[2]
I-20 continues eastward from Terrell, bypassing Tyler, Longview, and Marshall before crossing the Louisiana border near Waskom.
Louisiana
In Louisiana, I-20 roughly parallels US 80 through the northern part of the state.
Entering the state from near Waskom, Texas, the highway immediately enters the Shreveport–Bossier City metropolitan area, intersecting I-49 near downtown Shreveport and passing close to Barksdale Air Force Base in Bossier City.
I-20 traverses mainly rural, hilly terrain, bypassing Minden, Grambling, and Ruston before reaching Monroe.
From Monroe, I-20 enters flatter terrain as it approaches the Mississippi River. Before crossing the Mississippi, the highway passes Tallulah. At the Mississippi River, I-20 leaves Louisiana and enters Vicksburg.
Mississippi
Upon entering Mississippi by crossing the Mississippi River, I-20 immediately enters Vicksburg. Between Edwards and Clinton, the highway mostly follows the original two-lane routing of US 80. In Jackson, I-20 sees a short concurrency with both I-55 and US 49. Also in Jackson is an unusually expansive stack interchange, at the junction of I-20, I-55 north, and US 49 south. The interchange replaces a former directional interchange at I-55 north and a cloverleaf interchange at US 49. From the stack, I-20 continues eastward to Meridian, where it begins the nearly Шаблон:Convert overlap with I-59.
The route of the Mississippi section of I-20 is defined in Mississippi Code § 65-3-3.
Alabama
I-20 (along with I-59) crosses the Alabama state line near York, and it stays conjoined as it passes through western Alabama and Tuscaloosa. At Birmingham, the two highways pass through downtown together before splitting at exit 130 just east of Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport. I-20 continues eastward through Oxford–Anniston and the Talladega National Forest, passing by Talladega Superspeedway in the process, which is visible from the highway.
Also in Birmingham, the intersection of I-20/I-59 and I-65 was known as a Malfunction Junction because of the interchange's somewhat-confusing design, and the number of traffic accidents that occurred there. This section of the Interstate and its interchanges have since been reconfigured.[3][4]
Georgia
I-20 enters Georgia near Tallapoosa and after passing through western Georgia, it enters the Atlanta metropolitan area. On clear days, eastbound motorists get their first view of Downtown Atlanta as they come over the top of Six Flags Hill. The Six Flags Over Georgia amusement park is easily visible off exit 46 eastbound. The highway then passes through the center of Atlanta, meeting with I-75 and I-85, which share a common expressway (the Downtown Connector). It continues through the Atlanta metropolitan area eastward and through the eastern half of Georgia until it exits the state, crossing the Savannah River at Augusta.
Throughout the state, I-20 is conjoined with unsigned State Route 402 (SR 402). Also, I-20 from the Alabama state line to I-285 in Atlanta is named the "Tom Murphy Freeway", but it is called the "Ralph David Abernathy Freeway" within I-285. The Interstate Highway is also named the Purple Heart Highway from I-285 in DeKalb County to US 129/US 441/SR 24 in Madison, Georgia, and it is called the Carl Sanders Highway from US 129/US 441/SR 24 to the South Carolina state line.
South Carolina
Upon leaving Augusta, I-20 crosses the Savannah River and enters the Palmetto State and heads northeastward, bypassing Aiken and Lexington before reaching the state capital of Columbia, which can be reached most directly by taking I-26 east at exit 64 ("Malfunction Junction"), then, almost immediately, I-126/US 76.
At Columbia, I-20 bypasses the city to the north and again turns northeastward, bypassing Fort Jackson and Camden. After crossing the Wateree River, it turns due east and passes by tiny Bishopville, before reaching the Florence area. It is near Florence where I-20 sees its eastern terminus at I-95. However, for about Шаблон:Convert, the highway continues into Florence as I-20 Bus.
I-20 in the Palmetto State is known as either the J. Strom Thurmond Freeway or John C. West Freeway. The first section to be completed was the bridge over the Savannah River in 1965; the last, the section between US 401 and I-95 (including the business spur), opened in August 1975.
History
Шаблон:Expand section I-20 was built in 1957 connecting Texas to the east coast running through Shreveport, Ruston, and Monroe making it their first Interstate.Шаблон:Citation needed
I-20's exit numbers in Georgia were changed in 2000.[5]
In 2003, the North Carolina Department of Transportation proposed extending I-20 eastward from Florence to Wilmington at the behest of North Carolina Governor Mike Easley and his 'Strategic Transportation Plan' for the southeast portion of the state.[6][7] The proposed route would follow US 76 east from Florence to Whiteville, North Carolina, then parallel US 74/US 76 into Wilmington.[8] Part of this route is already designated the future eastern extension of I-74. As part of the 2005 Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users transportation legislation, North Carolina received $5 million (equivalent to $Шаблон:Formatprice in Шаблон:Inflation/yearШаблон:Inflation/fn) for a feasibility study for this extension.[6] While this extension has considerable support among towns in southeastern North Carolina, the South Carolina Department of Transportation has stated that they have no interest in upgrading their portion of US 76 to an Interstate. Instead, South Carolina is concentrating their efforts on plans to build I-73 that will terminate near Myrtle Beach. This proposed extension is currently unfunded.[9]
Junction list
- Texas
- Шаблон:Jct at Scroggins Draw
- Шаблон:Jct in Pecos
- Шаблон:Jct in Odessa
- Шаблон:Jct in Big Spring
- Шаблон:Jct east of Roscoe. The highways travel concurrently to the Tye–Abilene city line.
- Шаблон:Jct in Abilene
- Шаблон:Jct in Baird
- Шаблон:Jct in Cisco
- Шаблон:Jct south-southeast of Brazos
- Шаблон:Jct in Hudson Oaks
- Шаблон:Jct northeast of Aledo
- Шаблон:Jct in Fort Worth
- Шаблон:Jct in Fort Worth
- Шаблон:Jct in Benbrook
- Шаблон:Jct in Fort Worth
- Шаблон:Jct in Fort Worth. I-20/US 287 travels concurrently to Arlington.
- Шаблон:Jct in Grand Prairie
- Шаблон:Jct in Dallas
- Шаблон:Jct on the Dallas–Lancaster city line
- Шаблон:Jct on the Dallas–Hutchins city line
- Шаблон:Jct on the Dallas–Balch Springs city line
- Шаблон:Jct in Balch Springs
- Шаблон:Jct in Lindale
- Шаблон:Jct south-southeast of Winona
- Шаблон:Jct northeast of Kilgore. The highways travel concurrently to Longview.
- Шаблон:Jct in Marshall
- Шаблон:Jct west-southwest of Jonesville. The highways travel concurrently to west of Waskom.
- Louisiana
- Шаблон:Jct in Greenwood
- Шаблон:Jct in Shreveport
- Шаблон:Jct in Shreveport
- Шаблон:Jct in Shreveport
- Шаблон:Jct in Shreveport
- Шаблон:Jct in Shreveport
- Шаблон:Jct in Shreveport. The highways travel concurrently to Bossier City.
- Шаблон:Jct in Bossier City
- Шаблон:Jct near Haughton
- Шаблон:Jct in Dixie Inn. The highways travel concurrently to Minden.
- Шаблон:Jct southeast of Minden
- Шаблон:Jct in Ruston
- Шаблон:Jct east-northeast of Calhoun
- Шаблон:Jct in Monroe
- Шаблон:Jct in Rayville
- Шаблон:Jct in Tallulah
- Шаблон:Jct in Delta. The highways travel concurrently to Clinton, Mississippi.
- Mississippi
- Шаблон:Jct in Vicksburg. The highways travel concurrently through Vicksburg.
- Шаблон:Jct in Jackson. I-20/US 49 travels concurrently to Pearl.
- Шаблон:Jct in Jackson. I-20/I-55 travels concurrently to Richland
- Шаблон:Jct in Brandon
- Шаблон:Jct in Brandon
- Шаблон:Jct east-southeast of Lake
- Шаблон:Jct west-southwest of Meridian. The highways travel concurrently to Meridian.
- Шаблон:Jct in Meridian. The highways travel concurrently to Birmingham, Alabama.
- Шаблон:Jct in Meridian. The highways travel concurrently through Meridian.
- Шаблон:Jct in Meridian
- Шаблон:Jct west-northwest of Kewanee
- Alabama
- Шаблон:Jct near Cuba
- Шаблон:Jct south of Knoxville
- Шаблон:Jct in Tuscaloosa
- Шаблон:Jct in Tuscaloosa
- Шаблон:Jct in Tuscaloosa
- Шаблон:Jct in Tuscaloosa
- Шаблон:Jct south of Lake View. The highways travel concurrently to Bessemer.
- Шаблон:Jct southwest of McCalla
- Шаблон:Jct in Birmingham
- Шаблон:Jct in Birmingham
- Шаблон:Jct in Birmingham
- Шаблон:Jct in Birmingham
- Шаблон:Jct in Irondale
- Шаблон:Jct in Leeds
- Шаблон:Jct on the Leeds–Moody line
- Шаблон:Jct northwest of Cooks Springs. The highways travel concurrently to Pell City.
- Шаблон:Jct in Pell City
- Шаблон:Jct in Riverside
- Шаблон:Jct east of Oxford
- Georgia
- Шаблон:Jct in Bremen
- Шаблон:Jct in Atlanta
- Шаблон:Jct in Atlanta
- Шаблон:Jct in Atlanta
- Шаблон:Jct on the Panthersville–Candler-McAfee CDP line
- Шаблон:Jct southeast of Lithonia. The highways travel concurrently to Covington.
- Шаблон:Jct in Social Circle
- Шаблон:Jct in Madison
- Шаблон:Jct in Barnett
- Шаблон:Jct south of Appling
- Шаблон:Jct in Augusta
- South Carolina
- Шаблон:Jct in North Augusta
- Шаблон:Jct in North Augusta
- Шаблон:Jct north-northeast of Aiken
- Шаблон:Jct southeast of Batesburg-Leesville
- Шаблон:Jct east of Lexington
- Шаблон:Jct north of Oak Grove
- Шаблон:Jct on the Seven Oaks–St. Andrews CDP line
- Шаблон:Jct in St. Andrews
- Шаблон:Jct north of Columbia
- Шаблон:Jct in Columbia
- Шаблон:Jct in Dentsville
- Шаблон:Jct on the Dentsville–Woodfield CDP line
- Шаблон:Jct in Lugoff
- Шаблон:Jct in Camden
- Шаблон:Jct southwest of Bishopville
- Шаблон:Jct northeast of Lamar
- Шаблон:Jct in Florence
Auxiliary routes
Two I-420s were planned but never completed or built. One was to be a bypass around Monroe, Louisiana, but was never built. The other I-420 was planned as a bypass to the south of Downtown Atlanta. Due to anti-freeway sentiments, this I-420 was never completed, and the already-built portion has been signed as State Route 154 (SR 154)/SR 166, named the Langford Parkway (formerly the Lakewood Freeway).
- Shreveport, Louisiana: I-220
- Jackson, Mississippi: I-220
- Augusta, Georgia: I-520
- Fort Worth, Texas: I-820
See also
References
External links
Шаблон:Attached KML Шаблон:Commons category
Шаблон:I-20 aux Шаблон:Interstates
