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...last2 = Lodge | first2 = D | last3 = Collingridge | first3 = GL | title = Kainate receptors: pharmacology, function and therapeutic potential | journal = Neu {{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}} ...

...and blockade of long-term potentiation in vivo by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist AP5. ''Journal of Neuroscience''. 1989 Sep;9(9):3040-57. {{PMID| ...of Differential Classical Conditioning in Aplysia: Disruption by the NMDA Receptor Antagonist <small>DL</small>-2-Amino-5-Phosphonovalerate]</ref> It is somet ...

...eby [[competitive antagonist]] of the [[AMPA receptor|AMPA]] and [[kainate receptor]]s which was under development by [[Raptor Pharmaceuticals]]/[[Torrey Pines {{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}} ...

..., Yuan H, Myers SJ, Dingledine R | display-authors = 6 | title = Glutamate receptor ion channels: structure, regulation, and function | journal = Pharmacologic ...NQX-induced toxicity in cultured rat hippocampal neurons: an apparent AMPA receptor-independent effect? | journal = Neurochemistry International | volume = 42 ...

...35 | s2cid = 6037517 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Like other AMPA receptor antagonists, GYKI 52466 has anticonvulsant and [[neuroprotective]] properties.<ref>{{ci {{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}} ...

...ne) is a competitive [[AMPA receptor|AMPA]]/[[Kainate receptor|kainate]] [[receptor antagonist]]. Its chemical formula is C₉H₄N<sub>4</su ...journal | vauthors = Carter TL, McElligott JG | title = Cerebellar AMPA/KA receptor antagonism by CNQX inhibits vestibuloocular reflex adaptation | journal = E ...

...z|first5=G.|last6=Starke|first6=K.|date=October 1996|title=P2-purinoceptor antagonists: II. Blockade of P2-purinoceptor subtypes and ecto-nucleotidases by compoun {{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}} ...

...cyclothiazide was also found to act as a [[GABAA receptor|GABA_A receptor]] [[negative allosteric modulator]], potently inhibiting GABA_A-m ...18 }}</ref> It is selective for mGluR1 over other [[metabotropic glutamate receptor]]s.<ref name="pmid17095021" /> ...

...7681790 | s2cid = 1050582 }}</ref> as well as of [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]]s.<ref name="PerryAshton2002" /> {{GABAA receptor positive modulators}} ...

...title = Use of ³H fluorowillardiine to study properties of AMPA receptor allosteric modulators | journal = Brain Research | year = 2006 | volume = 1 ...lar to the compound willardiine, which is also an agonist for the AMPA and kainate receptors. Willardiine occurs naturally in [[Mariosousa willardiana]] and [ ...

...nston GA | title = Advantages of an antagonist: bicuculline and other GABA antagonists | journal = British Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 169 | issue = 2 | pa ...s as it is a cyclic analog of [[l-glutamate]] and an agonist for [[kainate receptor]]s in the brain which makes it a potent neurotoxin and excitant.<ref>{{Cite ...

...agonists--S(+)-ketamine, dextrorphan, and dextromethorphan--act as calcium antagonists on bovine cerebral arteries |издание={{Нп3|Journal of Neurosurgica ...ef name="pmid10064839">{{статья |заглавие=Binding of dimemorfan to sigma-1 receptor and its anticonvulsant and locomotor effects in mice, compared with dextrom ...

...PA receptor|AMPA]], [[kainate receptor|kainate]], [[metabotropic glutamate receptor|mGluR]] |antagonists = [[AP5]], [[ketamine]], [[CNQX]], [[kynurenic acid]] ...

...le = The rat delta-1 and delta-2 subunits extend the excitatory amino acid receptor family | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 315 | issue = 3 | pages = 318– ...F | title = Modulation of the dimer interface at ionotropic glutamate-like receptor delta2 by D-serine and extracellular calcium | journal = The Journal of Neu ...

...o |first9=MJ |title=Structures and biological activities of three synaptic antagonists from orb weaver spider venom |volume=148 |issue=2 |pages=678–83 |journal= ...DA receptors), [[Kainate receptor|kainate]], and [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor|nicotine acetylcholine receptors]]. It is thought that polyamine toxins' in ...

...d other chemicals. These blockers act as ion channel [[Receptor antagonist|antagonists]], preventing the response that is normally provided by the opening of the ...pharmacology, as a large portion of drug design is the use of ion channel antagonists in regulating physiological response. The specificity of channel block mole ...

[[Image:Efficacy spectrum.png|right|thumb|320px|Efficacy spectrum of receptor ligands.]] ...r target. One assay to determine the extent at which a ligand binds to its receptor is the [[radioligand binding assay]] (RBA), in which specific binding of a ...

...tic spine]] of the postsynaptic neuron and bind a specific [[transmembrane receptor]] protein that triggers the [[depolarization]] of that cell.<ref name="Annu ...al will occur (EPSP). On the other hand, if the reversal potential of the receptor to which the neurotransmitter binds is lower than the threshold potential, ...

[[Image:AMPA receptor.png|right|thumb|450px|The AMPA receptor bound to a glutamate antagonist showing the amino terminal, ligand binding, ...eceptor (biochemistry)|receptor]]s located primarily on the [[cell surface receptor|membranes]] of [[neuron]]al and [[glial]] cells.<ref name = Brassai >{{cite ...

[[Image:AMPA receptor.png|right|thumb|350px|The AMPA receptor bound to a glutamate antagonist showing the amino terminal, ligand binding, ...with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Glur2 subunikcmmct of AMPA receptor schematic - Ayo.JPG|thumb|[[GRIA2|Schematic GluR2 subunit]]|{{deletable ima ...