Английская Википедия:1878–79 United States Senate elections
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox election The 1878–79 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1878 and 1879, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.
The Democratic Party re-captured control of the Senate for the first time since before the Civil War.
Results summary
Senate party division, 46th Congress (1879–1881)
- Majority party: Democratic (42)
- Minority party: Republican (31)
- Other parties: Independent (1), Anti-Monopoly (1)
- Total seats: 76
Change in composition
Before the elections
After the elections
| Key |
|
|---|
Race summaries
Special elections during the 45th Congress
In these elections, the winners were seated in 1879 before March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Missouri (Class 3) |
David H. Armstrong | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1877 Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic/Hold | Interim appointee retired when successor elected. Winner elected January 27, 1879. Democratic hold. Winner did not run for the next term, see below. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Indiana (Class 3) |
Daniel W. Voorhees | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic | 1877 Шаблон:Small | Interim appointee elected January 31, 1879. Winner was also elected to the next term, see below. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
| Michigan (Class 1) |
Isaac P. Christiancy | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1874 | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Incumbent resigned February 10, 1879, due to ill health. Winner elected February 22, 1879. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Races leading to the 46th Congress
In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1885; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.
Elections during the 46th Congress
In this election, the winner was elected in 1879 after March 4.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| New Hampshire (Class 3) |
Charles H. Bell | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | Republican | 1879 Шаблон:Small | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican/Hold | Legislature had failed to elect, see above. Interim appointee retired when successor elected. Winner elected June 17, 1879. Republican hold. |
Шаблон:Plainlist |
Maryland
Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Expand section Шаблон:Infobox election James Black Groome was elected by a margin of 60.22%, or 56 votes, for the Class 3 seat.[3]
New York
In New York, the election was held on January 21, 1879, by the New York State Legislature. Republican Roscoe Conkling had been re-elected in January 1873 to this seat, and his term would expire on March 3, 1879. At the State election in November 1877, 19 Republicans and 13 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1878-1879) in the State Senate. At the State election in November 1878, 97 Republicans, 28 Democrats and 3 Greenbackers were elected for the session of 1879 to the Assembly, and Republican Thomas Murphy was elected to fill the vacancy in the State Senate caused by the death of Democrat John Morrissey. The 102nd New York State Legislature met from January 7 to May 22, 1879, at Albany, New York.
The caucus of Republican State legislators met on January 20, Temporary President of the State Senate William H. Robertson presided. Present were all Republican legislators except State Senator Louis S. Goebel[4] (6th D.) and Assemblyman James W. Wadsworth. They re-nominated the incumbent U.S. Senator Conkling unanimously. The caucus of the Democratic State legislators met also on January 20. State Senator Thomas C. E. Ecclesine (8th D.) offered to adopt a prostest against the senatorial election proceedings, claiming that the senatorial and assembly districts were incorrectly apportioned and thus the State Legislature did not represent the wish of the people of the State. The protest was substituted by a resolution to appoint a committee which would elaborate an address on the apportionment at a later date. Ecclesine then marched out, and the remaining legislators nominated Lieutenant Governor William Dorsheimer for the U.S. Senate.
| Candidate | First ballot | Second ballot |
|---|---|---|
| William Dorsheimer | 11 | 18 |
| James F. Starbuck | 8 | 8 |
| DeWitt C. West[5] | 8 | 6 |
| Elijah Ward | 2 |
The two Greenback assemblymen John Banfield (Chemung Co.) and George E. Williams (Oswego Co.) voted for 87-year-old Peter Cooper, a New York City inventor, industrialist and philanthropist who had run for U.S. President in 1876 on the Greenback ticket.
Roscoe Conkling was the choice of both the Assembly and the State Senate, and was declared elected.
| Republican | Democrat | Greenback | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State Senate (32 members) |
Roscoe Conkling | 20 | William Dorsheimer | 12 | ||
| State Assembly (128 members) |
Roscoe Conkling | 95 | William Dorsheimer | 23 | Peter Cooper | 2 |
Note: The votes were cast on January 21, but both Houses met in a joint session on January 22 to compare nominations, and declare the result.
Pennsylvania
Шаблон:Main Шаблон:See also In Pennsylvania, the election was held January 20, 1879. J. Donald Cameron was re-elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.[6]
After Sen. Simon Cameron resigned from office, his son J. Donald Cameron was elected by the General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, in 1877 to serve the remainder of the unexpired term, which was to expire on March 4, 1879. The Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on January 20, 1879, to elect a Senator to serve the term beginning on March 4, 1879. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:
Шаблон:Election box begin no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate no change |- |-bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | colspan="3" align="right" | Totals | align="right" | 251 | align="right" | 100.00% |}
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
- Шаблон:Cite news, gives 1 Greenbacker elected, but Williams of Oswego is not in the list; this seems to have been a preliminary result which was later amended
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite news
- Шаблон:Cite book
Шаблон:United States Senate elections
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ State Senator Goebel refused to caucus with any of the parties, but voted for Conkling at the election.
- ↑ DeWitt Clinton West (1824-1880), of Lowville, assemblyman 1853
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
.jpg){kind=link}
