Английская Википедия:1994 Andalusian regional election

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Шаблон:Infobox election The 1994 Andalusian regional election was held on Sunday, 12 June 1994, to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community of Andalusia. All 109 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with the 1994 European Parliament election.

The candidate for the PSOE, Manuel Chaves, was invested as President of the Regional Government of Andalusia after winning the election. However, the poor results obtained by his party forced him to form a minority government 10 seats short of a majority. Eventually, a snap election had to be called in 1996 due to the impracticality of government resulting from the union, at times, of the two main opposition parties (People's Party and United Left).

Overview

Electoral system

The Parliament of Andalusia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Andalusia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Andalusian Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.[1] Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Andalusia and in full enjoyment of their political rights.

The 109 members of the Parliament of Andalusia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville, with each being allocated an initial minimum of eight seats and the remaining 45 being distributed in proportion to their populations (provided that the number of seats in each province did not exceed two times that of any other).[1][2]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Parliament constituency was entitled the following seats:

Seats Constituencies
18 Seville
16 Málaga
15 Cádiz
13 Córdoba, Granada
12 Jaén
11 Almería, Huelva

The use of the D'Hondt method might result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[3]

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[2][4]

Election date

The term of the Parliament of Andalusia expired four years after the date of its previous election. Election day was to take place between the thirtieth and the sixtieth day from the date of expiry of parliament barring any date within from 1 July to 31 August. The previous election was held on 23 June 1990, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 23 June 1994. The election was required to take place no later than the sixtieth day from the date of expiry of parliament on the condition that it was not held between 1 July and 31 August, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Thursday, 30 June 1994.[1][2][5][6]

The Parliament of Andalusia could not be dissolved before the date of expiry of parliament. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the candidate from the party with the highest number of seats was to be deemed automatically elected.[1][5][6]

Parliamentary composition

The Parliament of Andalusia was officially dissolved on 19 April 1994, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Gazette of the Regional Government of Andalusia.[7] The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the Parliament at the time of dissolution.[8]

Parliamentary composition in April 1994
Parliamentary groups Parties Legislators
Seats Total
width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Socialist width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| PSOE–A 62 62
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| People's of Andalusia bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| PP 26 26
rowspan="2" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| United Left–Assembly for Andalusia bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| PCA–PCE 10 11
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| PASOC 1
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Andalusian bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| PA 6 6
Mixed bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| PAP 4Шаблон:Efn 4

Campaign

Election debates

1994 Andalusian regional election debates
Date Organisers Moderator(s) Шаблон:Smaller Шаблон:Colors Шаблон:Smaller
PSOE–A PP Audience Шаблон:Abbr
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|
2 June Canal Sur
Antena 3 		Manuel Campo Vidal Шаблон:Yes Шаблон:Yes 40.6%
Шаблон:Smaller 		[9]
[10]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 55 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Andalusia.

Шаблон:Smaller

Шаблон:Smaller

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Results

Overall

← Summary of 12 June 1994 Parliament of Andalusia election results →
Файл:AndalusiaParliamentDiagram1994.svg
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 1,395,131 38.72 –10.88 45 –17
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| People's Party (PP) 1,238,252 34.36 +12.18 41 +15
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 689,815 19.14 +6.47 20 +9
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power (PA–PAP)1 208,862 5.80 –4.95 3 –7
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 12,078 0.34 +0.11 0 ±0
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Forum–Democratic and Social Centre (Foro–CDS) 9,875 0.27 –0.91 0 ±0
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Andalusian Nation (NA)2 9,690 0.27 +0.21 0 ±0
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Humanist Party (PH) 5,510 0.15 +0.08 0 ±0
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 2,637 0.07 –0.01 0 ±0
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Socialist October (OS) 641 0.02 New 0 ±0
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Independent Spanish Phalanx (FEI) 350 0.01 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 30,750 0.85 +0.41
Total 3,603,591 109 ±0
Valid votes 3,603,591 99.40 –0.16
Invalid votes 21,854 0.60 +0.16
Votes cast / turnout 3,625,445 67.27 +11.93
Abstentions 1,764,107 32.73 –11.93
Registered voters 5,389,552
Sources[11][12][13]
Шаблон:Hidden

Шаблон:Bar box Шаблон:Bar box

Distribution by constituency

Constituency PSOE–A PP IULV–CA PA–PAP
colspan="2" style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Шаблон:Party color"|
% S % S % S % S
Almería 38.1 5 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 41.9 5 15.0 1 3.2 −
Cádiz style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 34.5 5 33.2 5 18.2 3 11.6 2
Córdoba style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 37.5 6 30.8 4 24.6 3 5.3 −
Granada 38.3 5 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 38.6 6 16.8 2 4.4 −
Huelva style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 44.1 5 33.3 4 15.7 2 5.2 −
Jaén style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 42.6 5 35.9 5 15.6 2 4.1 −
Málaga 34.3 6 style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 36.5 6 22.4 4 4.7 −
Seville style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 42.0 8 30.6 6 19.5 3 5.8 1
Total style="background:Шаблон:Party color; color:white;"| 38.7 45 34.4 41 19.1 20 5.8 3
Sources[11][12][13]

Aftermath

Investiture
Manuel Chaves (PSOE–A)
Ballot → 20 July 1994 23 July 1994 29 July 1994Шаблон:Efn
Required majority → 55 out of 109 Шаблон:Xmark Simple Шаблон:Xmark Simple Шаблон:Tick
Шаблон:Collapsible list Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Collapsible list Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Collapsible list Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar
Шаблон:Collapsible list Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar
Sources[11]

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Opinion poll sources

Шаблон:Reflist

Other

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Andalusian elections Шаблон:Regional elections in Spain in the 1990s Шаблон:Use dmy dates

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Шаблон:Cite act
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite act
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite act
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite act
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite act
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Шаблон:Cite web


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