Английская Википедия:1995 British Isles heatwave
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox heat event
The 1995 British Isles heatwave occurred between late July and late August. It was part of one of the warmest summers recorded in the UK,[1] and one of the warmest Augusts ever recorded in many locations around the UK, as well as being one of the driest summers ever recorded in the UK; many weather stations recorded the summer of 1995 as drier than, or comparable with, the summer of 1976.[1] Ireland was also widely affected by the heatwave with temperatures reaching over Шаблон:Convert in some locations, as well as exceptionally low rainfall throughout the summer.[2]
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the heat wave of 1995 currently marks the warmest August on record, and the third-warmest summer overall, behind 1976 and 1826. The CET Central England station recorded a daily mean temperature of Шаблон:Convert[3] and a mean daily maximum temperature of Шаблон:Convert[4] in August, and a daily mean temperature of Шаблон:Convert for the entire summer.[5]
Before the heatwave formed, a mini-heatwave occurred between 28 and 30 June, with a highest temperature recorded during this short period of Шаблон:Convert recorded on 30 June 1995 at Barbourne, Worcester.[6] Low rainfall was also widely recorded around the nation during the month of June, many stations reporting less than 50% of its average rainfall, with some locations reporting less than 20%.[1]
July 1995 then continued the hot weather, with an average daily temperature of Шаблон:Convert meaning that it is the seventh-warmest July in the CET records back to 1659.[8] It was very dry too, with most places recording less than 30% of average rainfall.[9] Days frequently reached above Шаблон:Convert, culminating at Шаблон:Convert on the 31st. Higher temperatures were recorded in August, though.[10]
During the heatwave, many locations around the UK recorded peak temperatures at the start of August. The highest temperature recorded during the heatwave was Шаблон:Convert recorded on 1 August 1995 at Boxworth, Cambridgeshire.[6] After this, most of the United Kingdom was still under warm temperatures around or above Шаблон:Convert, until temperatures rose again as high as Шаблон:Convert which was recorded at Barbourne, Worcester. Toward the end of the hot spell, temperatures rose up to Шаблон:Convert in many parts of the country. Cheltenham in Gloucestershire recorded three consecutive days above Шаблон:Convert from 20 to 22 August, with the highest temperature at Шаблон:Convert on 22 August.
Much of the United Kingdom suffered drought conditions during August, with most parts of the UK recording less than 30% of its average rainfall, and most parts of England less than 20%. Many weather stations around the United Kingdom recorded no days of rain to the value of ≥ 1.0 mm.
Aftermath
After the heat wave ended in August, the east and south of the United Kingdom received high rainfall in September, but another dry spell occurred mainly in the east of the UK. For the rest of 1995, most of the UK received below-average rainfall. Temperatures after the heatwave remained around average for the rest of the year (with further unseasonably warm weather in October), except for a record-breaking cold spell from Christmas to New Year.[11]
Ireland
While temperatures were lower, Ireland experienced a similar weather pattern to that of the United Kingdom during the summer of 1995.
The Valentia Observatory and the weather station at Phoenix Park both recorded a daily mean temperature of Шаблон:Convert, and it was the warmest summer for over a century.
Kilkenny recorded a total of 27 days with temperatures over Шаблон:Convert during the heat wave, compared to the 2.5 days that the town usually records,[12] and was one of the hottest parts of the country during the heatwave, recording a maximum temperature of Шаблон:Convert. Like the United Kingdom, Ireland received exceptionally low rainfall, and it was the driest summer on record for the weather stations at Malin Head, Casement Aerodrome and Cork Airport. The overall rainfall recorded during the summer at Phoenix Park was only Шаблон:Convert.[2]
The highest temperature recorded during the heatwave was Шаблон:Convert and was measured at Oak Park in County Carlow on 2 August. It is currently Ireland's hottest August temperature reading, equalling the measurement at Ballybrittas in County Laois on 3 August 1975.[13]
| County | Station | August 1995 maximum temperature[14] | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carlow | Oak Park | style="Шаблон:Weather box/colt; font-size: 100%" | Шаблон:Convert | 2 |
| Clare | Shannon Airport | style="Шаблон:Weather box/colt; font-size: 100%" | Шаблон:Convert | 17 |
| Cork | Cork Airport | style="Шаблон:Weather box/colt; font-size: 100%" | Шаблон:Convert | 3 |
| Kilkenny | Kilkenny | style="Шаблон:Weather box/colt; font-size: 100%" | Шаблон:Convert | 2 |
| Offaly | Birr | style="Шаблон:Weather box/colt; font-size: 100%" | Шаблон:Convert | 17 / 18 |
Impacts
Like the United Kingdom, Ireland experienced drought conditions throughout the summer, which caused problems to potato farmers in rural areas, as they had difficulty watering crops due to water shortages. Several areas around Ireland were also issued with hosepipe bans, and residents were asked not to hose lawns due to drought conditions.
References
Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Heat wave Шаблон:Weather events in the United Kingdom
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
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- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ [1] Шаблон:Webarchive Retrieved 12 Apr 2018
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