Английская Википедия:2002 Ukrainian parliamentary election

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Шаблон:Short description

Шаблон:Infobox legislative election

Файл:Вибори ВРУ 2002 Лідери ТВО мажоритарники.PNG
Single constituency winners

Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 31 March 2002.[1] The Our Ukraine bloc emerged as the largest faction in the Verkhovna Rada, winning 113 of the 450 seats.

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe noted at the time that there were physical assaults and harassment of candidates and campaign workers associated with opposition political parties prior to the March election.[2] The Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc complained of campaign related violations including "an informal 'media blackout,' [and] negatively slanted coverage".[2]

Electoral system

In this election, parallel voting was used. Half of the deputies to Verkhovna Rada (parliament of Ukraine) were elected on proportional basis, while the other half were elected by popular vote in single-mandate constituencies.[3] In order to gain any (proportional) seats in Verkhovna Rada a party needed to receive at least 4% of the popular vote.[4]

Opinion polls

Pollster Our Ukraine Communists ZaEdU[5] SDPU (o)[6] BYuT[7] Socialists Vitrenko[8] Greens Zh/M[9] KOP[10] Apple
All-Ukrainian Social Service (3/31/2002)[11] 22% 20% 14% 8% 6% 5% 3.5%
Razumkov Centre (3/29/2002)[12] 26-28% 18-19% 7-8% 9-10% 7-8% 3.5-4.5% 4-5% 4.5-5.5% 4-5% 2.5-3.5% 2.5-3%
Politic's Institute (3/29/2002)[12] 29-32% 19-21% 6-8% 7-9% 4-5% 4-5% 5-6% 4-5%
Ukrainian Institute of Social Research and
Center "Social Monitoring" (3/27/2002)[13] 		23-25% 17-19% 11-13% 10-12% 5.5-7% 3.5-4.5% 3-4% 4-5.5% 4-5.5% 2.5-4% 2.5-3.5%
Center SOCIS (3/27/2002)[13] 31-33% 17-19% 5-6% 7-8% 3-4% 2-3% 2-3% 5-6% 4-5%

Conduct

On 29 March 2002 the Bloc of Yulia Tymoshenko won a case on defamation against the Chairman of the Tax Administration of Ukraine Mykola Azarov. The Shevchenkivsky District Court of the Kyiv city prohibited the Tax Administration of Ukraine to spread lies against the opposition electoral bloc.[14]

Late at night on 29 March 2002 vice-governor of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast Mykola Shkriblyak was mortally wounded. Shkriblyak was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) and he was a parliamentary candidate in the 90th electoral district. He died later in a local hospital.[15]

Results

The final election results differed greatly from the final opinion poll.[16] The 2002 parliamentary elections were the first that substantially reduced fragmentation of the Verkhovna Rada and laid the groundwork for consolidation of political views in the parliament.

Yushchenko's Our Ukraine gathered most of its support from western and central regions of Ukraine, including the city of Kyiv. The Communist Party received most of its votes from eastern and southern regions, as well as from Crimea. For United Ukraine block, which included Victor Yanukovych's Party of Regions, got most of its votes from eastern regions of Ukraine. Donetsk Oblast was the stronghold of the block, where it received more than twice the number of votes (36.83%) compared to the next highest supporting region: Sumy Oblast with 17.05% of the region's voters. Yulia Tymoshenko's block's support came predominantly from western regions, while the Socialists were most supported in the central regions. While the Tymoshenko block received more of the national vote compared to the Socialist Party, it did not gain a plurality in any of the regions, while the Socialist Party managed to secure plurality of votes in Poltava Oblast with 22.05%.

Шаблон:Election results

By electoral district

The following table demonstrates all winners of the 225 electoral districts.[17]

Several lawmakers elected into the new parliament have family ties with other lawmakers or other family members in the executive branch of Ukrainian politics.[18]

Faction changes after the 2002 elections

After the election, several MPs left their parties to join another others.[19] Шаблон:Election table |- |style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Parties and alliances !style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Number of seats on 15 May 2002 !style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Number of seats on 19 October 2002 !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center|Number of seats on 2 January 2003 !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center|Number of seats on 16 September 2005 !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center|Файл:Green Arrow Up.svg  Файл:Red Arrow Down.svg |- |align=left|Viktor Yushchenko Bloc Our Ukraine |valign=top|119 |valign=top|110 |valign=top|102 |valign=top|45 |valign=top|Файл:Red Arrow Down.svg 74 seats |- |align=left|Communist Party of Ukraine |valign=top|64 |valign=top|61 |valign=top|60 |valign=top|56 |valign=top|Файл:Red Arrow Down.svg 8 seats |- |align=left|For United Ukraine |valign=top|175 |valign=top|Disbanded |valign=top|Disbanded |valign=top|Disbanded |valign=top|Файл:Red Arrow Down.svg 175 seats |- |align=left|Electoral Bloc Yuliya Tymoshenko |valign=top|23 |valign=top|20 |valign=top|18 |valign=top|40 |valign=top|Файл:Green Arrow Up.svg 17 seats |- |align=left|Socialist Party of Ukraine |valign=top|22 |valign=top|21 |valign=top|20 |valign=top|26 |valign=top|Файл:Green Arrow Up.svg 4 seats |- |align=left|United Social Democratic Party of Ukraine |valign=top|31 |valign=top|38 |valign=top|40 |valign=top|20 |valign=top|Файл:Red Arrow Down.svg 11 seats |- |colspan=6 align=left|Source: Virtual Politics - Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World, Andrew Wilson, Yale University Press, 2005, Шаблон:ISBN & Ukraine on Its Meandering Path Between East and West by Andrej Lushnycky and Mykola Riabchuk, Peter Lang, 2009, Шаблон:ISBN & Ukraine at the Crossroads: Velvet Revolution or Belarusification by Olexiy Haran, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, October 2002 |}

By October 2002 the For United Ukraine faction had broken down in 8 new parliamentary factions.[20]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Ukrainian elections

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1976 Шаблон:ISBN
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Ukraine:Treatment of the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (SDPU); relationship with the National Salvation Forum (FNB); treatment of FNB members, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada via UNHCR (14 August 2003)
  3. ↑ Against All Odds: Aiding Political Parties in Georgia and Ukraine (UvA Proefschriften) by Max Bader, Vossiuspers UvA, 2010, Шаблон:ISBN (page 93)
  4. ↑ Ukraine at the Crossroads: Economic Reforms in International Perspective by Axel Siedenberg (Editor), Lutz Hoffmann, Physica-Verlag Heidelberg, 1999, Шаблон:ISBN/Шаблон:ISBN (page 184)
  5. ↑ For One Ukraine
  6. ↑ Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united)
  7. ↑ Bloc of Yulia Tymoshenko
  8. ↑ Bloc of Nataliya Vitrenko
  9. ↑ Women for Future
  10. ↑ Team of Winter Generation
  11. ↑ Шаблон:In lang "За ЄдУ" отримує свої 14%. У відповідному exit-poll (ZaEdU is receiving its 14%. In the respective exit-poll). Ukrainska Pravda. March 31, 2002
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Шаблон:In lang Вибори-2002: остаточний прогноз (Elections-2002: the final forecast). Ukrainska Pravda. March 29, 2002
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Рейтинги переможців. Без табу (Ratings of victors. No taboo). Ukrainska Pravda. March 27, 2002
  14. ↑ Тимошенко виграла суд у Азарова (Tymoshenko won case against Azarov). Ukrainska Pravda. March 29, 2002
  15. ↑ Вбито кандидата в депутати від СДПУ(О) (A parliamentary candidate from SDPU (u) was killed). Ukrainska Pravda. March 30, 2002
  16. ↑ Ukraine's election frontrunners, BBC News (28 March 2002)
  17. ↑ Шаблон:In lang Winners, Ukrainian Weekly. April 14, 2002. page 3.
  18. ↑ Family ties that bind parliament, Kyiv Post (15 November 2012)
  19. ↑ Virtual Politics - Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World, Andrew Wilson, Yale University Press, 2005, Шаблон:ISBN
  20. ↑ Ukraine at the Crossroads: Velvet Revolution or Belarusification by Olexiy Haran, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, October 2002
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